Jody Williams: A realistic vision for world peace

譯者: Wang-Ju Tsai 審譯者: Shelley Krishna Tsang

I'm actually here

我在這裡

to make a challenge to people.

事實上是要提出一個課題來討論

I know there have been many challenges made to people.

雖然我知道大家面對的課題已經夠多了。

The one I'm going to make

我提出的課題是：

is that it is time for us to reclaim

我們該來想想

what peace really means.

和平的真正意義。

Peace is not "Kumbaya, my Lord."

和平不只是唱唱“Kumbaya, my Lord” (聖歌名)

Peace is not the dove and the rainbow --

和平也不光是鴿子和彩虹

as lovely as they are.

雖然鴿子和彩虹都很可愛。

When I see the symbols

我看到鴿子和彩虹的

of the rainbow and the dove,

象徵或符號的時候，

I think of personal serenity.

會讓我連想起個人内心的平靜

I think of meditation.

冥想打坐。

I do not think

但不會讓我

about what I consider to be peace,

連想到和平，

which is sustainable peace

那種有正義平等

with justice and equality.

長長久久的和平。

It is a sustainable peace

我所謂的“可持續的和平”

in which the majority of people

是指在這地球上

on this planet

大部分的人

have access to enough resources

都有足夠的資源

to live dignified lives,

能有尊嚴地生活

where these people have enough access

大部分的人也能夠有機會

to education

受教育

and health care,

有健保

so that they can live in freedom from want

所以他們有免於匱乏

and freedom from fear.

和免於恐懼的自由。

This is called human security.

這是有人性的安全。

And I am not a complete pacifist

我並不是個百分之一百的和平主義者

like some of my really, really heavy-duty,

我也不像我一些其他朋友

non-violent friends,

是完完全全的非暴力主義者

like Mairead McGuire.

例如Mairead McGuire。

I understand that humans

我認爲人性是

are so "messed up" --

如此地亂七八糟

to use a nice word,

我這麽說還算保守

because I promised my mom

因爲我答應我媽

I'd stop using the F-bomb in public.

在公共場合不再開罵。

And I'm trying harder and harder.

這真是越來越難

Mom, I'm really trying.

媽咪啊，我真的很努力不用髒字了。

We need a little bit of police;

我們還是需要警察

we need a little bit of military,

或是軍隊

but for defense.

來作基本的保衛。

We need to redefine

我們必須重新定義

what makes us secure

在這世上安全地生活的

in this world.

條件或保障。

It is not arming our country

不是去加倍武裝

to the teeth.

我們的國家

It is not getting other countries

也不是叫其他的國家

to arm themselves to the teeth

來買我們生産的武器

with the weapons that we produce

用這些武器來

and we sell them.

加強武裝他們自己。

It is using that money more rationally

而是我們該更理性地來使用這些錢

to make the countries of the world secure,

使世界各國更安全

to make the people of the world secure.

使世上的人人生活更安全。

I was thinking about

我之前在想

the recent ongoings

最近發生在國會的

in Congress,

一些事情，

where the president is offering

我們的總統要提供

8.4 billion dollars

84億美元的預算使國會通過

to try to get the START vote.

對第四階段戰略兵器消減條約的投票。

I certainly support the START vote.

我是堅決支持兵器消減條約的

But he's offering 84 billion dollars

但是他要用這84億美元

for the modernizing

來使核能武器

of nuclear weapons.

現代化。

Do you know the figure that the U.N. talks about

你知道嗎？聯合國提出的

for fulfilling the Millennium Development Goals

的千禧年發展計劃的預算

is 80 billion dollars?

也是84億美元？

Just that little bit of money,

就這麽點錢，

which to me, I wish it was in my bank account --

-- 對我而言，我還真希望是存在我的戶頭裏

it's not, but ...

但是很可惜地，並不是如此 --

In global terms, it's a little bit of money.

對全球經濟而言，這是一筆小錢

But it's going to modernize weapons

但這是用來現代化

we do not need

這些我們不需要的、

and will not be gotten rid of in our lifetime,

甚至我們一輩子也甩不掉的核子武器

unless we get up off our ...

除非我們站起來

and take action to make it happen,

採取行動，實現計劃

unless we begin to believe

除非我們真的去相信

that all of the things that we've been hearing about

在過去這兩天

in these last two days

我們聽到的演講内容

are elements of what come together

是使我們的生活更安全

to make human security.

不可或缺的元素的一部分。

It is saving the tigers.

像，拯救瀕臨絕種的老虎，

It is stopping the tar sands.

還原被原油污染的海砂

It is having access

像，能夠有儀器

to medical equipment

來偵測人體内的

that can actually tell who does have cancer.

癌症細胞。

It is all of those things.

不止要去相信諸如此類的事，

It is using our money for all of those things.

還要把錢花在這些事上

It is about action.

更要有確切的行動。

I was in Hiroshima

幾個禮拜前

a couple of weeks ago,

我在日本廣島

and His Holiness --

還有達賴喇嘛

we're sitting there in front of thousands of people in the city,

我們坐在幾千人之前

and there were about eight of us Nobel laureates.

大約有八個諾貝爾獎得主出席

And he's a bad guy. He's like a bad kid in church.

他真調皮，像個在教堂裏的調皮小孩

We're staring at everybody, waiting our turn to speak,

我們注視著人群，等著上臺發言

and he leans over to me, and he says,

他傾過身來，跟我說

"Jody, I'm a Buddhist monk."

“茱蒂，我是個佛教僧人”

I said, "Yes, Your Holiness.

我說，”是的聖上，

Your robe gives it away."

從您的僧袍我們都看得出這一點“

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

He said, "You know

他說，“你也知道的，

that I kind of like meditation, and I pray."

我挺喜歡打坐的，我還常祈禱。“

I said, "That's good. That's good.

我說，”那很好，很不錯

We need that in the world.

這世間需要打坐和祈禱

I don't follow that, but that's cool."

我是沒有在做，但是那很酷。”

And he says, "But I have become skeptical.

他接著說，“但是我開始懷疑

I do not believe

我現在不相信

that meditation and prayer

打坐冥想和祈禱

will change this world.

能改變這個世界。

I think what we need

我想我們需要的

is action."

是行動。”

His Holiness, in his robes,

雖然穿著僧袍，

is my new action hero.

達賴喇嘛卻是我的行動英雄。

I spoke with Aung Sun Suu Kyi

幾天前，

a couple of days ago.

我還跟翁山蘇姬談過話。

As most of you know,

如同大家所知

she's a hero for democracy in her country, Burma.

她是緬甸的民主英雄

You probably also know

你們大概也知道

that she has spent 15 of the last 20 years

過去的20年裏，

imprisoned for her efforts

她有15年是被囚禁的

to bring about democracy.

只是因爲她要推行民主。

She was just released a couple of weeks ago,

幾個星期前，她剛被放出來

and we're very concerned to see how long she will be free,

我們也都很好奇，等著看她能在外面多久

because she is already out in the streets in Rangoon,

因爲她一出來又在仰光的街頭

agitating for change.

鼓吹改變。

She is already out in the streets, working with the party

她又走上街頭，跟她的政黨

to try to rebuild it.

試著重建。

But I talked to her for a range of issues.

我跟她討論到了很多的議題

But one thing that I want to say,

有一件我特別想提出來

because it's similar to what His Holiness said.

因爲這和達賴喇嘛說的很類似。

She said, "You know, we have a long road to go

她說，“在緬甸推行民主

to finally get democracy in my country.

我們還有很長的一條路要走。

But I don't believe in hope

但是我不相信

without endeavor.

光想不練的希望。

I don't believe in the hope of change,

我不相信還有改變的希望

unless we take action

除非我們付諸行動，

to make it so."

使希望成真。“

Here's another woman hero of mine.

這是另一個我崇拜的女英雄

She's my friend, Dr. Shirin Ebadi,

她是我的朋友，Shirin Ebadi

the first Muslim woman

她是第一個獲得諾貝爾和平獎的

to receive the Nobel Peace Prize.

女回教徒。

She has been in exile

在過去的一年半裏

for the last year and a half.

她一直在流亡中。

You ask her where she lives -- where does she live in exile?

你問流亡中的她住哪裏，

She says the airports of the world.

她會告訴你，全世界的機場。

She is traveling because she was out of the country

她四處漂流的原因是，

at the time of the elections.

在伊朗選舉的時候，她不在國内

And instead of going home,

她和一起工作的女夥伴們説好了

she conferred with all the other women that she works with,

與其回國，她選擇待在國外

who said to her, "Stay out. We need you out.

她們告訴她，“留在國外，

We need to be able to talk to you out there,

我們需要你留在國外為我們發聲

so that you can give the message

所以你可以把訊息傳遞出去

of what's happening here."

讓國際社會知道這裡發生了什麽事。”

A year and a half --

整整一年半了

she's out speaking

她一直在自己的國家外

on behalf of the other women in her country.

為自己國内的女性同胞發聲。

Wangari Maathai --

Wangari Maathai

2004 Peace laureate.

2004年的諾貝爾獎得主

They call her the "Tree Lady,"

大家都叫她“種樹的女人”

but she's more than the Tree Lady.

但是她不止是個種樹的女人

Working for peace

她為和平奮鬥的方法

is very creative.

是很有創意的。

It's hard work every day.

每天種樹不是件輕鬆的事

When she was planting those trees,

她種樹的時候

I don't think most people understand

大部分的人不了解的是

that, at the same time,

她在種樹的同時

she was using the action

她用種樹這個行動

of getting people together to plant those trees

將人們聚集在一起

to talk about how to overcome

來談論如何能將他們國家（肯亞）的

the authoritarian government in her country.

獨裁政府擊敗。

People could not gather

那時候的人民集會

without getting busted and taken to jail.

是會被擊潰和監禁的。

But if they were together planting trees for the environment,

但是要是大家為環保一起來種樹

it was okay --

那是被允許的

creativity.

真有創意！

But it's not just iconic women

不是只有

like Shirin,

像Shirin

like Aung Sun Suu Kyi, like Wangari Maathai --

像翁山蘇姬，像Wangari這類的偶像女性，

it is other women in the world

還有其他很多平凡的女性

who are also struggling together

一起爲了改變這個世界

to change this world.

在奮鬥著。

The Women's League of Burma,

緬甸女性聯盟

11 individual organizations of Burmese women

由11個獨立的緬甸女性組織組成

came together because there's strength in numbers.

因爲團結就是力量

Working together is what changes our world.

結合在一起，進而改變了這世界。

The Million Signatures Campaign

百萬人簽名訴願活動

of women inside Burma

由緬甸境内的婦女發起

working together to change human rights,

爲了改變緬甸的人權

to bring democracy to that country.

和帶來民主而努力。

When one is arrested and taken to prison,

當其中有一人被逮捕入獄的時候

another one comes out and joins the movement,

立刻有另外的人加入活動

recognizing that if they work together,

她們認知到，要是團結在一起

they will ultimately bring change

最後終將為緬甸

in their own country.

帶來改變。

Mairead McGuire in the middle,

Mairead McGuire 在照片中間

Betty Williams on the right-hand side --

Betty Williams 在右邊

bringing peace to Northern Ireland.

為北愛爾蘭帶來了和平。

I'll tell you the quick story.

我要告訴你們一個小故事。

An IRA driver was shot,

一個愛爾蘭解放軍的司機中槍

and his car plowed into people

他的車子失控

on the side of the street.

衝進站在街旁人群

There was a mother and three children.

裏面有一個媽媽帶著三個小孩

The children were killed on the spot.

小孩們當場被撞死。

It was Mairead's sister.

這個媽媽是Mairead的姐姐。

Instead of giving in

面對著如此的暴力，

to grief, depression, defeat

Mairead不但沒有投降

in the face of that violence,

更沒有陷入悲傷、沮喪、戰敗的局面

Mairead hooked up with Betty --

Mairead和Betty結合

a staunch Protestant and a staunch Catholic --

一個是虔誠的天主教徒、一個是虔誠的基督教徒

and they took to the streets

她們一起走上街頭

to say, "No more violence."

向暴力說不

And they were able to get

她們能動員數千數萬的婦女

tens of thousands of, primarily, women, some men,

也有一小部分是男人

in the streets to bring about change.

一同走上街頭、要求改變現狀。

And they have been

她們也對北愛的和平

part of what brought peace to Northern Ireland,

做出了貢獻

and they're still working on it,

一直到現在、她們還繼續她們的活動

because there's still a lot more to do.

因爲還有太多的事要做。

This is Rigoberta Menchu Tum.

這位是Rigoberta Menchu Tum

She also received the Peace Prize.

她也是和平獎的得獎人

She is now running for president.

她現在在競選總統

She is educating the indigenous people of her country

她在教育瓜地馬拉的原住民

about what it means to be a democracy,

民主的意義

about how you bring democracy to the country,

還有如何為他們的國家帶來民主

about educating, about how to vote --

教導人民如何投票等等，

but that democracy is not just about voting;

但是民主不單只是投票

it's about being an active citizen.

民主也是去當個積極主動的社會公民。

That's what I got stuck doing --

這就是我現在在做的事

the landmine campaign.

掃除地雷活動。

One of the things that made this campaign work

這個活動之所以成功的原因之一

is because we grew from two NGOs

是我們從兩個非政府組織

to thousands

成長變成數千個

in 90 countries around the world,

在90幾個國家都有代表

working together in common cause to ban landmines.

一同為禁止地雷的使用來努力。

Some of the people who worked in our campaign

有的工作人員

could only work maybe an hour a month.

一個月只做義工一個小時

They could maybe volunteer that much.

他們可能只能作這麽久

There were others, like myself,

有的人，像我

who were full-time.

是做全職的。

But it was the actions, together, of all of us

但是是我們所有人大大小小的努力加起來

that brought about that change.

使得這改變可能發生。

In my view, what we need today

在我看來，我們今天需要的

is people getting up

是大家一同站起來

and taking action

採取行動

to reclaim the meaning of peace.

去落實“和平”的真意義。

It's not a dirty word.

這不是個髒字

It's hard work every single day.

這是每一天的努力工作。

And if each of us

如果我們每一個人

who cares about the different things we care about

都重視我們在意的這些事

got up off our butts

都起立而行

and volunteered

都盡己所能地

as much time as we could,

去做義工

we would change this world,

我們就能改變這世界

we would save this world.

我們就能拯救這世界。

And we can't wait for the other guy. We have to do it ourselves.

我們不能再等別人來做，我們要從自己開始。

Thank you.

謝謝大家。

(Applause)

（掌聲）