Tim Berners-Lee: The year open data went worldwide

譯者: Jenny Yang 審譯者: Zachary Lin Zhao

Last year here at TED

去年的TED我在這裡

I asked you to give me your data,

請求你們公開你們的數據和資料

to put your data on the web, on the basis

把數據資料放到網上，就跟老百姓

that if people put data onto the web --

把他們的數據資料放到網上一樣

government data, scientific data, community data,

政府數據，科學數據， 社區數據

whatever it is -- it will be used by other people

不管是什麼， 會被人們用來

to do wonderful things, in ways

做精彩的事情，他們使用這些數據的地方

that they never could have imagined.

是他們從來都根本無法想像的

So, today I'm back just to show you a few things,

所以， 今天我回來給你展示幾個事例

to show you, in fact, there is

向你展示， 事實上

an open data movement afoot,

公開數據資料的運動正在興起

now, around the world.

世界各地

The cry of "Raw data now!"

都渴望“即時的原始數據資料”

which I made people make in the auditorium,

我在禮堂裡的懇請大家做的事情

was heard around the world.

整個世界都聽到了

So, let's roll the video.

所以， 讓我們播放影像

A classic story, the first one which lots of people picked up,

經典的故事， 也是很多人首選的故事

was when in March -- on March 10th in fact, soon after TED --

是當3月10日， 事實上TED剛剛結束不久

Paul Clarke, in the U.K. government,

英國政府的Paul Clarke

blogged, "Oh, I've just got some raw data. Here it is,

在博客中說： “啊， 我才找到一些數據

it's about bicycle accidents."

是關於自行車事故的數據。 ”

Two days it took the Times Online

時代在線用了兩天時間

to make a map, a mashable map --

做了一個地圖， 一個合成的地圖

we call these things mash-ups --

我們稱之為：合成(把數據融合到地圖上)

a mashed-up user interface that allows you to go in there

經過這種合成，你可以通過用戶界面

and have a look and find out whether your bicycle

搜索和找到你的上班的自行車

route to work was affected.

路線是否受影響

Here's more data, traffic survey data,

除此， 網上還很多其他的數據， 交通調查數據等

again, put out by the U.K. government,

都是英國政府放上去的

and because they put it up using the Linked Data standards,

因為他們上傳的數據符合鏈接標準

then a user could just make a map,

所以用戶可以使用這些數據做地圖

just by clicking.

只要點擊一下就做成了

Does this data affect things? Well, let's get back to 2008.

那麼這些數據是否會產生影響？讓我們回到2008

Look at Zanesville, Ohio.

看看曾斯維爾,俄亥俄州

Here's a map a lawyer made. He put on it the water plant,

這是一張律師製作的地圖，掛在自來水廠

and which houses are there,

你可以在圖上看見哪戶人家

which houses have been connected to the water.

誰家連著用水

And he got, from other data sources,

然後他得到一組其他數據

information to show

資料顯示了

which houses are occupied by white people.

哪個房子是白人擁有的

Well, there was too much of a correlation, he felt,

他感到， 兩者之間的連續太緊密了

between which houses were occupied by white people

哪些是白人擁有的房子

and which houses had water, and the judge was not impressed either.

哪些房子有自來水，法官看到以後對此也很不滿

The judge was not impressed to the tune of 10.9 million dollars.

法官因此罰了他們1090萬美元

That's the power of taking one piece of data,

這就是拿了一組數據

another piece of data, putting it together,

和另一組數據放在一起的力量

and showing the result.

結果是顯而易見的

Let's look at some data from the U.K. now.

我們看一組從英國來的數據

This is U.K. government data, a completely independent site,

這是英國政府的數據， 完全獨立的網站

Where Does My Money Go.

我的錢花到哪裡去了

It allows anybody to go there and burrow down.

這個網站讓任何人在網站上挖掘數據

You can burrow down by a particular type of spending,

你可以根據特別的消費種類來查找

or you can go through all the different regions and compare them.

也可以找出不同的地區的數據來做比較

So, that's happening in the U.K. with U.K. government data.

英國人正在用英國政府提供的數據資料做這些事情

Yes, certainly you can do it over here.

是的， 你在這裡也可以做

Here's a site which allows you to look at recovery spending

這個網站讓你查找復甦經費的使用情況

in California.

在加州

Take an arbitrary example, Long Beach, California,

隨便舉例，加州長灘

you can go and have a look at what recovery money they've been spending

你可以看見人們是怎樣使用政府發放的復甦經費的

on different things such as energy.

他們使用在能源上

In fact, this is the graph of the number of data sets

事實上， 這是幾組數據的圖表

in the repositories of data.gov,

他們存放在data.gov上

and data.gov.uk.

和data.gov.uk網上

And I'm delighted to see a great competition

我真高興看見這種積極的競爭

between the U.K. in blue, and the U.S. in red.

英國顯示的是藍色， 美國是紅色

How can you use this stuff?

你怎麼用這些東西呢

Well, for example, if you have lots of data about places

舉個例子吧， 你有一個地區的大量數據

you can take, from a postcode --

你可以從一個郵政編碼

which is like a zip plus four --

就是區碼加4

for a specific group of houses, you can make paper,

對一組特別的人家， 你可以製作報紙

print off a paper which has got very, very

打印的報紙會有特別具體

specific things about the bus stops,

的信息， 比如公車站

the things specifically near you.

包括那些離你很近的事情

On a larger scale, this is a mash-up

從大面相看說， 這是一個

of the data which was released about the Afghan elections.

阿富汗選舉數據的與地圖的合成

It allows you to set your own criteria

它允許你設立你自己的標準

for what sort of things you want to look at.

你可以查找你想要找的資料

The red circles are polling stations,

這些紅圈是投票點

selected by your criteria.

是根據你的標準選擇的

And then you can select also other things on the map

你也可以選擇地圖上的其他內容

to see what other factors, like the threat level.

你可以看見其他數據，比如威脅的程度

So, that was government data.

那也是政府的數據

I also talked about community-generated data -- in fact I edited some.

我也談過社區製作的， 事實上我也參與編輯的

This is the wiki map, this is the Open Street Map.

這是wiki地圖， 這是公開的街道地圖

"Terrace Theater" I actually put

Terrace 劇院， 是我放到

on the map because it wasn't on the map before TED last year.

地圖上去的， 因為去年TED召開的時候地圖上沒有它

I was not the only person editing the open street map.

我不是唯一編輯公開地圖的人

Each flash on this visualization --

這裡每個可視的閃亮點

put together by ITO World --

是ITO World放在一起的

shows an edit in 2009

顯示了2009年人們每次對

made to the Open Street Map.

開發地圖做的編輯

Let's now spin the world during the same year.

讓我們繞著整個世界看一下這一年發生的情況

Every flash is an edit. Somebody somewhere

每個亮點都是一次編輯的記錄。有人在某些地方

looking at the Open Street Map, and realizing it could be better.

看著公開的街道地圖， 發現它可以改進得更好

You can see Europe is ablaze with updates.

你看見歐洲的更新非常頻繁

Some places, perhaps not as much as they should be.

有些地方， 也許還沒什麼其他地方多

Here focusing in on Haiti.

這裡聚焦的是海地

The map of Port au-Prince at the end

太子港在地圖在

of 2009 was not all it could be,

2009年年底還不是很完整

not as good as the map of California.

不如加州的地圖好

Fortunately, just after the earthquake,

幸運的是， 地震以後

GeoEye, a commercial company,

GeoEye， 一間商業公司

released satellite imagery

發布了衛星圖像

with a license, which allowed

它發放授權允許

the open-source community to use it.

公開資源的社區使用這些圖像

This is January, in time lapse,

這是一月的

of people editing ... that's the earthquake.

人們參與了編輯， 然後地震發生了

After the earthquake, immediately,

地震發生後不久

people all over the world, mappers

全世界的人們， 地圖製作者們

who wanted to help, and could,

都想要提供幫助，可以

looked at that imagery, built the map, quickly building it up.

看著這些圖像， 迅速地建立地圖

We're focusing now on Port-au-Prince.

我們現在看到的是太子港

The light blue is refugee camps these volunteers had spotted from the [satellite images].

藍色的是哪些自願者在空中發現的難民營

So, now we have, immediately, a real-time map

所以現在， 我們可以立刻製作一個實時地圖

showing where there are refugee camps --

顯示難民營在什麼地方

rapidly became the best map

如果你在太子港從事援助工作

to use if you're doing relief work in Port-au-Prince.

那這就是最好的地圖

Witness the fact that it's here on this Garmin device

目睹這一切在Garmin儀器上發生

being used by rescue team in Haiti.

被救援隊伍運用

There's the map showing,

海地， 這張地圖

on the left-hand side,

左邊的這張

that hospital -- actually that's a hospital ship.

那個醫院，事實上是一個建在船上的醫院

This is a real-time map that shows blocked roads,

這是實時地圖現實路障

damaged buildings, refugee camps --

背毀的建築， 難民營

it shows things that are needed [for rescue and relief work].

現實世界哪裡需要東西

So, if you've been involved in that at all,

所以， 如果你參與了

I just wanted to say: Whatever you've been doing,

我只想說不管你做了什麼

whether you've just been chanting, "Raw data now!"

無論是你在為原始資料製圖

or you've been putting government or scientific data online,

還是將政府或者科學研究的數據放到網上

I just wanted to take this opportunity to say: Thank you very much,

我只想藉此機會說聲感謝

and we have only just started!

我們才剛剛開始

(Applause)

謝謝