Nicholas Negroponte takes OLPC to Colombia

15,892 views ・ 2009-08-10

TED


请双击下面的英文字幕来播放视频。

翻译人员: Chaoran Yu 校对人员: Wang Qian
00:12
It's amazing, when you meet a head of state and you say,
0
12000
2000
当你向一位国家元首问问题的时候是很奇妙的,
00:14
"What is your most precious natural resource?" --
1
14000
4000
“你们国家最珍贵的资源是什么?”
00:18
they will not say children at first.
2
18000
2000
他们不会第一时间回答是儿童。
00:20
And then when you say children,
3
20000
2000
但是当你说是儿童时,
00:22
they will pretty quickly agree with you.
4
22000
2000
他们几乎会立刻认同你的说法。
00:31
(Video): We're traveling today with
5
31000
2000
(录像):今天,我们将和哥伦比亚的
00:33
the Minister of Defense of Colombia,
6
33000
3000
国防部长一起出游,
00:36
head of the army and the head of the police,
7
36000
2000
他是军队和警力部门的负责人,
00:38
and we're dropping off 650 laptops
8
38000
3000
而且今天,我们将会向儿童们
00:41
today to children
9
41000
2000
发放500部手提电脑,
00:43
who have no television, no telephone
10
43000
2000
他们生活在一个没有电视,
00:45
and have been in a community
11
45000
2000
也没有电话的,
00:47
cut off from the rest of the world
12
47000
2000
并且与世隔绝的环境里
00:49
for the past 40 years.
13
49000
3000
生活了长达40年。
00:52
The importance of delivering laptops to this region
14
52000
3000
将手提电脑发放到这个区域的重要性是在于
00:55
is connecting kids who have otherwise been unconnected
15
55000
3000
那些因哥伦比亚武装革命力量而被隔离的儿童们
00:58
because of the FARC,
16
58000
2000
联系起来,
01:00
the guerrillas that started off 40 years ago
17
60000
3000
40年前开始的游击队
01:03
as a political movement and then became a drug movement.
18
63000
4000
已从一场政治运动堕落为一场毒品运动。
01:08
There are one billion children in the world,
19
68000
2000
现时世界上有十亿儿童,
01:10
and 50 percent of them don't have electricity
20
70000
2000
他们中的一半都没有电力资源
01:12
at home or at school.
21
72000
3000
无论是在学校还是在家。
01:15
And in some countries -- let me pick Afghanistan --
22
75000
2000
并且在某些国家——如阿富汗——
01:17
75 percent of the little girls don't go to school.
23
77000
3000
75%的小女孩都不会去上学。
01:20
And I don't mean that they drop out of school
24
80000
2000
我所指的不是她们被学校退学
01:22
in the third or fourth grade -- they don't go.
25
82000
2000
而是在她们三、四年级的时候——她们根本没去上学。
01:24
So in the three years
26
84000
2000
所以这三年来自从我在TED里演讲
01:26
since I talked at TED and showed a prototype,
27
86000
3000
并展示一件产品,
01:29
it's gone from an idea
28
89000
2000
它从一个想法转变成
01:31
to a real laptop.
29
91000
3000
一台真正的手提电脑。
01:34
We have half a million laptops today
30
94000
2000
现在,我们已将五十万台手提电脑
01:36
in the hands of children.
31
96000
3000
发放到(世界各地的)儿童手上。
01:39
We have about a quarter of a million in transit
32
99000
2000
我们还拥有二十五万台手提电脑
01:41
to those and other children,
33
101000
2000
正准备运送到儿童的手上,
01:44
and then there are another quarter of a million more
34
104000
3000
以及二十五万台手提电脑
01:48
that are being ordered at this moment.
35
108000
2000
正被订购。
01:50
So, in rough numbers, there are a million laptops.
36
110000
2000
那么,大概算来,这里共有一百万台手提电脑。
01:52
That's smaller than I predicted --
37
112000
2000
这比我预测的要少——
01:54
I predicted three to 10 million --
38
114000
2000
我的预计是三百万到一千万之间——
01:56
but is still a very large number.
39
116000
2000
不过这仍是一个很巨大的数字。
01:58
In Colombia, we have about 3,000 laptops.
40
118000
4000
在哥伦比亚,我们大概已发放了三千台手提电脑。
02:02
It's the Minister of Defense with whom we're working,
41
122000
3000
而且和我们合作的是国防部,
02:05
not the Minister of Education, because it is seen as
42
125000
3000
而不是教育部,因为这项计划被看做是
02:08
a strategic defense issue
43
128000
2000
一个战略防御问题
02:10
in the sense of liberating these zones
44
130000
5000
为了解放这些
02:15
that had been completely closed off,
45
135000
2000
完全被隔离的区域,
02:17
in which the people who had been causing, if you will,
46
137000
4000
而这些人在长达
02:21
40 years' worth of bombings and kidnappings
47
141000
4000
轰炸,绑架,以及刺杀中
02:25
and assassinations lived.
48
145000
2000
存活下来了。
02:27
And suddenly,
49
147000
2000
然后突然地,
02:29
the kids have connected laptops.
50
149000
2000
这群儿童被手提电脑联系起来。
02:31
They've leapfrogged.
51
151000
2000
他们已超越了上一代。
02:33
The change is absolutely monumental,
52
153000
4000
这种变化是绝对具有纪念意义的,
02:37
because it's not just opening it up,
53
157000
2000
因为这不仅仅是将这个地区开放,
02:39
but it's opening it up to the rest of the world.
54
159000
3000
而是将整个地区与世界联系起来了。
02:42
So yes, they're building roads, yes, they're putting in telephone,
55
162000
2000
因此,他们将会进行交通建设,他们将会有电话,
02:44
yes, there will be television.
56
164000
2000
而且他们还会拥有电视。
02:46
But the kids six to 12 years old
57
166000
2000
但是这群6到12岁的孩子
02:48
are surfing the Internet in Spanish and in local languages,
58
168000
4000
却在用西班牙语和当地语言上网,
02:52
so the children grow up
59
172000
2000
所以这群孩子是被
02:54
with access to information,
60
174000
2000
资讯伴随着长大,
02:56
with a window into the rest of the world.
61
176000
3000
并且他们打开了一扇通向世界的门窗。
02:59
Before, they were closed off.
62
179000
2000
在此之前,他们是被封闭的。
03:01
Interestingly enough, in other countries,
63
181000
2000
而有趣的是,在一些其他的国家,
03:03
it will be the Minister of Finance who sees it
64
183000
2000
这项行动会被财政部长看做是
03:05
as an engine of economic growth.
65
185000
4000
财富增长的动力。
03:09
And that engine is going to see the results in 20 years.
66
189000
4000
而这股动力将会在二十年后才会看到结果。
03:13
It's not going to happen, you know, in one year,
67
193000
3000
正如你所知,这不会在一年内发生,
03:16
but it's an important, deeply economic
68
196000
3000
但这将是一件具有重大经济意义和
03:19
and cultural change
69
199000
2000
文化意义的改变,
03:21
that happens through children.
70
201000
2000
一件通过儿童发生的变化。
03:24
Thirty-one countries in total are involved,
71
204000
2000
现在已有31个国家参与这项计划,
03:26
and in the case of Uruguay,
72
206000
3000
就乌拉圭而言,
03:29
half the children already have them,
73
209000
2000
已有一半的儿童拥有手提电脑,
03:31
and by the middle of 2009,
74
211000
3000
并且在2009年的中旬时,
03:34
every single child in Uruguay will have a laptop --
75
214000
3000
乌拉圭的每位儿童都将会拥有手提电脑——
03:37
a little green laptop.
76
217000
2000
一台小巧碧绿的手提电脑。
03:39
Now what are some of the results?
77
219000
2000
现在已得到的一些结果是什么?
03:41
Some of the results
78
221000
2000
其中的一些结果
03:43
that go across every single country
79
223000
3000
是在每个国家都能观测到的
03:46
include teachers saying
80
226000
2000
包括老师都说
03:48
they have never loved teaching so much,
81
228000
3000
他们从来没有如此热爱教学,
03:51
and reading comprehension
82
231000
2000
以及热爱阅读
03:53
measured by third parties -- not by us -- skyrockets.
83
233000
4000
这些都是由第三方统计的结果——不是我们——明显飙升。
03:57
Probably the most important thing we see
84
237000
3000
然而我们所见的最重要的事是
04:00
is children teaching parents.
85
240000
3000
儿童在教导他们的父母。
04:03
They own the laptops. They take them home.
86
243000
3000
他们有笔记电脑。他们将它们带回家。
04:06
And so when I met with three children from the schools,
87
246000
3000
所以当我和三位在当地学校上学的孩子见面时,
04:09
who had traveled all day to come to Bogota,
88
249000
4000
这个地方离波哥大有一天的路程,
04:13
one of the three children brought her mother.
89
253000
3000
其中一位孩子带来他的母亲。
04:16
And the reason she brought her mother
90
256000
2000
而她带她母亲来的原因是
04:18
is that this six-year-old child
91
258000
3000
她这位六岁大的儿童
04:21
had been teaching her mother
92
261000
2000
正在教她妈妈
04:23
how to read and write.
93
263000
2000
如何读写。
04:25
Her mother had not gone to primary school.
94
265000
3000
她妈妈从没有上过小学。
04:28
And this is such an inversion,
95
268000
2000
这是一个怎样的倒置,
04:30
and such a wonderful example
96
270000
3000
并且也是一个奇妙的例子
04:33
of children being the agents of change.
97
273000
3000
体现了孩子是如何作为变化的推动者。
04:37
So now, in closing, people say,
98
277000
2000
因此现在,作为结尾,人们问道,
04:39
now why laptops?
99
279000
2000
为什么用手提电脑?
04:41
Laptops are a luxury; it's like giving them iPods. No.
100
281000
3000
手提电脑是奢侈品;就譬如给予他们iPod。不。
04:44
The reason you want laptops
101
284000
2000
你们想要给予手提电脑的原因是
04:46
is that the word is education, not laptop.
102
286000
4000
教育,而不是手提电脑本身。
04:50
This is an education project, not a laptop project.
103
290000
3000
这是教育项目,而不是手提电脑项目。
04:53
They need to learn learning. And then, just think --
104
293000
2000
他们需要学会学习。然后,就想象一下——
04:55
they can have, let's say, 100 books.
105
295000
2000
他们可以拥有,譬如说,一百本书。
04:57
In a village, you have 100 laptops,
106
297000
3000
在一个村庄里,有一百台手提电脑,
05:00
each with a different set of 100 books,
107
300000
3000
而且每台电脑里都有不同套的一百本书,
05:03
and so that village suddenly has 10,000 books.
108
303000
3000
那么这个村庄的将会瞬间拥有一万本书。
05:06
You and I didn't have 10,000 books when we went to primary school.
109
306000
4000
你和我在小学的时候都没有一万本书。
05:10
Sometimes school is under a tree,
110
310000
2000
有时学校就在一棵树底下,
05:12
or in many cases, the teacher has only a fifth-grade education,
111
312000
4000
并且很多老师都只有小学五年级的受教育水平,
05:16
so you need a collaborative model of learning,
112
316000
3000
因此你需要创建一个互相学习的合作模型,
05:19
not just building more schools and training more teachers,
113
319000
2000
而不仅仅是建立更多所学校以及培训更多的教师,
05:21
which you have to do anyway.
114
321000
2000
但这也是你无论如何都要做的。
05:23
So we're once again doing "Give One, Get One."
115
323000
3000
我们再次发起了“送一台,买一台”运动。
05:26
Last year, we ran a "Give One, Get One" program,
116
326000
2000
去年,我们发起的“送一台,买一台”运动,
05:28
and it generated over 100,000 laptops
117
328000
4000
并且创造了十万台手提电脑
05:32
that we were then able to give free.
118
332000
3000
使我们可以将之免费发放出去。
05:35
And by being a zero-dollar laptop,
119
335000
2000
并且作为一台零美元的手提电脑,
05:37
we can go to countries that can't afford it at all.
120
337000
3000
我们可以将之送到一些完全无法负担的国家去。
05:40
And that's what we did. We went to Haiti,
121
340000
3000
这就是我们所做的。我们去了海地,
05:43
we went to Rwanda, Afghanistan,
122
343000
2000
去了卢旺达,以及阿富汗,
05:45
Ethiopia, Mongolia.
123
345000
3000
还有埃塞俄比亚和蒙古。
05:48
Places that are not markets,
124
348000
2000
一些没有市场的地方,
05:50
seeding it with the principles of
125
350000
3000
用着饱和,连接性,
05:53
saturation, connectivity, low ages, etc.
126
353000
3000
低龄化等原则来看待。
05:56
And then we can actually roll out large numbers.
127
356000
4000
而我们可以用之产生一些巨大的数字。
06:00
So think of it this way:
128
360000
2000
因此让我们这样来想:
06:02
think of it as inoculating children
129
362000
3000
就好像为愚昧无知
06:05
against ignorance.
130
365000
3000
接种疫苗一样。
06:08
And think of the laptop as a vaccine.
131
368000
2000
将手提电脑看作一种疫苗。
06:10
You don't vaccinate a few children.
132
370000
2000
你不是为一小部分个体接种疫苗。
06:12
You vaccinate all the children in an area.
133
372000
3000
而是为整个群体接种疫苗。
关于本网站

这个网站将向你介绍对学习英语有用的YouTube视频。你将看到来自世界各地的一流教师教授的英语课程。双击每个视频页面上显示的英文字幕,即可从那里播放视频。字幕会随着视频的播放而同步滚动。如果你有任何意见或要求,请使用此联系表与我们联系。

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7