Nicholas Negroponte takes OLPC to Colombia

15,899 views ใƒป 2009-08-10

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Yifat Adler ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
It's amazing, when you meet a head of state and you say,
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ื–ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื. ื›ืฉืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืจืืฉื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช,
00:14
"What is your most precious natural resource?" --
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"ืžื”ื• ื”ืžืฉืื‘ ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื›ื?"
00:18
they will not say children at first.
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ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ืื™ื ื” "ื™ืœื“ื™ื".
00:20
And then when you say children,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ื”ื ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช,
00:22
they will pretty quickly agree with you.
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ื”ื ื“ื™ ืžื”ืจ ืžื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื›ืžืชื.
00:31
(Video): We're traveling today with
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[ื•ื™ื“ื™ืื•]: ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืœื ืกื™ืขื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื
00:33
the Minister of Defense of Colombia,
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ืฉืจ ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืฉืœ ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ื”,
00:36
head of the army and the head of the police,
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ืจืืฉ ื”ืฆื‘ื ื•ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”,
00:38
and we're dropping off 650 laptops
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ืœืงื™ื 650 ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื
00:41
today to children
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ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื
00:43
who have no television, no telephone
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ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื•ืช ื•ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื
00:45
and have been in a community
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ื•ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”
00:47
cut off from the rest of the world
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ืฉืžื ื•ืชืงืช ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ืŸ
00:49
for the past 40 years.
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ื›ื‘ืจ 40 ืฉื ื™ื.
00:52
The importance of delivering laptops to this region
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ืœื—ืœื•ืงืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืจ ื–ื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื”
00:55
is connecting kids who have otherwise been unconnected
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ื”ื ืžืงืฉืจื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื ื•ืชืงื•
00:58
because of the FARC,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ FARC -
01:00
the guerrillas that started off 40 years ago
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ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ื’ืจื™ืœื” ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืคื ื™ 40 ืฉื ื™ื
01:03
as a political movement and then became a drug movement.
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ื›ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ ื•ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืกืžื™ื.
01:08
There are one billion children in the world,
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ื™ืฉื ื ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
01:10
and 50 percent of them don't have electricity
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ื•ืœืžื—ืฆื™ืชื ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉืžืœ
01:12
at home or at school.
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ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ.
01:15
And in some countries -- let me pick Afghanistan --
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ื•ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื•ืช -- ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ --
01:17
75 percent of the little girls don't go to school.
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75 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ื”ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ืœื ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ.
01:20
And I don't mean that they drop out of school
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ื”ืŸ ืœื ื ื•ืฉืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ
01:22
in the third or fourth grade -- they don't go.
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ื‘ื›ื™ืชื” ื’' ืื• ื“' - ื”ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ืœื ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™"ืก.
01:24
So in the three years
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ื‘ืžืฉืš 3 ื”ืฉื ื™ื
01:26
since I talked at TED and showed a prototype,
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ืžืื– ื”ืฆื’ืชื™ ื‘-TED ืืช ืื‘ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก,
01:29
it's gone from an idea
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืคืš ืžืจืขื™ื•ืŸ
01:31
to a real laptop.
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ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ ื ื™ื™ื“ ืžืžืฉื™.
01:34
We have half a million laptops today
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ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื—ืฆื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื ื™ื“ื™ื™ื
01:36
in the hands of children.
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ืฉื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
01:39
We have about a quarter of a million in transit
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืจื‘ืข ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืœื•ื—
01:41
to those and other children,
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ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื,
01:44
and then there are another quarter of a million more
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ื•ืจื‘ืข ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืกืคื™ื
01:48
that are being ordered at this moment.
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ืžื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ื‘ืจื’ืขื™ื ืืœื”.
01:50
So, in rough numbers, there are a million laptops.
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ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื™ืฉื ื ื›ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื.
01:52
That's smaller than I predicted --
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ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื ืžื•ืš ืžื”ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ --
01:54
I predicted three to 10 million --
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ืื ื™ ืฆื™ืคื™ืชื™ ืœ-3 ืขื“ 10 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ --
01:56
but is still a very large number.
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื–ื”ื• ืžืกืคืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืื•ื“.
01:58
In Colombia, we have about 3,000 laptops.
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ื‘ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ื” ื—ื™ืœืงื ื• ื›-3,000 ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื.
02:02
It's the Minister of Defense with whom we're working,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขื ืฉืจ ื”ื”ื’ื ื”,
02:05
not the Minister of Education, because it is seen as
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ื•ืœื ืขื ืฉืจ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื•ืฉื ื ื—ืฉื‘
02:08
a strategic defense issue
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ื›ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืขืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื’ื ื”
02:10
in the sense of liberating these zones
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ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”
02:15
that had been completely closed off,
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ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื ื•ืชืงื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ,
02:17
in which the people who had been causing, if you will,
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ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื• ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื’ืจืžื•
02:21
40 years' worth of bombings and kidnappings
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ืœ-40 ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืฆืฆื•ืช ื•ื—ื˜ื™ืคื•ืช
02:25
and assassinations lived.
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ื•ืจืฆื™ื—ื•ืช.
02:27
And suddenly,
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ื•ืœืคืชืข ืคืชืื•ื
02:29
the kids have connected laptops.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื ืžืงื•ืฉืจื™ื.
02:31
They've leapfrogged.
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ื”ื ื‘ื™ืฆืขื• ื–ื™ื ื•ืง ืขื ืงื™ ืงื“ื™ืžื”.
02:33
The change is absolutely monumental,
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ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื•ื ืขืฆื•ื,
02:37
because it's not just opening it up,
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ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืจืง ื‘ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืจ,
02:39
but it's opening it up to the rest of the world.
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ืืœื ื‘ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืฉืœื• ืœืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•.
02:42
So yes, they're building roads, yes, they're putting in telephone,
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ื›ืŸ, ื”ื ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื“ืจื›ื™ื. ื›ืŸ, ื”ื ืžืชืงื™ื ื™ื ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื,
02:44
yes, there will be television.
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ื›ืŸ, ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”.
02:46
But the kids six to 12 years old
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœืื™ 6 ืขื“ 12
02:48
are surfing the Internet in Spanish and in local languages,
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ื’ื•ืœืฉื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื‘ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืคื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช,
02:52
so the children grow up
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื
02:54
with access to information,
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ืขื ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื ืชื•ื ื™ื,
02:56
with a window into the rest of the world.
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ืขื ื—ืœื•ืŸ ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ืŸ.
02:59
Before, they were closed off.
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ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื ื•ืชืงื™ื.
03:01
Interestingly enough, in other countries,
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ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช
03:03
it will be the Minister of Finance who sees it
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ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื™ื’ืœื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜
03:05
as an engine of economic growth.
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ื›ืžื ื•ืข ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช.
03:09
And that engine is going to see the results in 20 years.
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ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื™ืจืื• ื‘ืขื•ื“ 20 ืฉื ื”.
03:13
It's not going to happen, you know, in one year,
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ื–ื” ืœื ื™ืงืจื” ื‘ืฉื ื” ืื—ืช,
03:16
but it's an important, deeply economic
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื”ื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™
03:19
and cultural change
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ืขืžื•ืง ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘
03:21
that happens through children.
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ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
03:24
Thirty-one countries in total are involved,
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ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื• 31 ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช,
03:26
and in the case of Uruguay,
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ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืจื•ื’ื•ื•ืื™,
03:29
half the children already have them,
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ื›ื‘ืจ ื—ืฆื™ ืžื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืื•ืชื,
03:31
and by the middle of 2009,
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ื•ืขื“ ืืžืฆืข 2009,
03:34
every single child in Uruguay will have a laptop --
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ืœื›ืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืจื•ื’ื•ื•ืื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื ื™ื™ื“ --
03:37
a little green laptop.
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ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื ื™ื™ื“ ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ื™ืจื•ืง.
03:39
Now what are some of the results?
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ืžื”ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช?
03:41
Some of the results
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ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื
03:43
that go across every single country
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ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช
03:46
include teachers saying
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ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื
03:48
they have never loved teaching so much,
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ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืื”ื‘ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืœืœืžื“,
03:51
and reading comprehension
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ื•ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ื ืงืจื
03:53
measured by third parties -- not by us -- skyrockets.
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ืฉื ืžื“ื“ื” ืข"ื™ ืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ - ืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื ื• - ื–ื™ื ืงื” ืœืฉืžื™ื™ื.
03:57
Probably the most important thing we see
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ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืจืื™ื ื•
04:00
is children teaching parents.
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ื”ื•ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ื•ืจื™ื”ื.
04:03
They own the laptops. They take them home.
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ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื. ื”ื ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”.
04:06
And so when I met with three children from the schools,
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ื›ืฉืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืขื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ,
04:09
who had traveled all day to come to Bogota,
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ืฉืขืจื›ื• ืžืกืข ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื•ื’ื•ื˜ื”,
04:13
one of the three children brought her mother.
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ืื—ื“ ืžืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืืžื ืฉืœื•.
04:16
And the reason she brought her mother
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ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื
04:18
is that this six-year-old child
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ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื‘ืช ื”ืฉืฉ
04:21
had been teaching her mother
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ืœื™ืžื“ื” ืืช ืืžื ืฉืœื”
04:23
how to read and write.
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ืงืจื™ืื” ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”.
04:25
Her mother had not gone to primary school.
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ืืžื ืฉืœื” ืœื ืœืžื“ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™.
04:28
And this is such an inversion,
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ื–ื”ื• ืžื”ืคืš,
04:30
and such a wonderful example
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ื•ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื ืคืœืื”
04:33
of children being the agents of change.
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ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืกื•ื›ื ื™ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™.
04:37
So now, in closing, people say,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื,
04:39
now why laptops?
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ืœืžื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื?
04:41
Laptops are a luxury; it's like giving them iPods. No.
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ืืœื” ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช; ื›ืžื• ืœื—ืœืง ืœื”ื ืื™ื™ืคื•ื“ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื›ืš.
04:44
The reason you want laptops
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ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื—ืœื•ืงืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื
04:46
is that the word is education, not laptop.
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ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ื—ื™ื ื•ืš" ื•ืœื ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื ื™ื™ื“".
04:50
This is an education project, not a laptop project.
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ื–ื”ื• ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™, ืœื ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ืฉืœ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื.
04:53
They need to learn learning. And then, just think --
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ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“. ื•ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื–ื” ---
04:55
they can have, let's say, 100 books.
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ืœืง ืœื”ื 100 ืกืคืจื™ื.
04:57
In a village, you have 100 laptops,
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ื‘ื›ืคืจ ืื—ื“, ื™ืฉ 100 ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื,
05:00
each with a different set of 100 books,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื 100 ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
05:03
and so that village suddenly has 10,000 books.
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ื›ืคืจ ื”ื–ื” ืคืชืื•ื ื–ื›ื” ื‘-10,000 ืกืคืจื™ื.
05:06
You and I didn't have 10,000 books when we went to primary school.
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ืœื ื• ืขืฆืžื ื• ืœื ื”ื™ื• 10,000 ืกืคืจื™ื ื›ืฉืœืžื“ื ื• ื‘ื‘ื™"ืก ื™ืกื•ื“ื™.
05:10
Sometimes school is under a tree,
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ื™"ืก ื ืžืฆื ืžืชื—ืช ืœืขืฅ,
05:12
or in many cases, the teacher has only a fifth-grade education,
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ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ืœืžื•ืจื™ื ื™ืฉ ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ืฉืœ ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“,
05:16
so you need a collaborative model of learning,
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ืœื›ืŸ ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžื•ื“ืœ ืœืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืฆื•ื•ืช.
05:19
not just building more schools and training more teachers,
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ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื•ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ืขื•ื“ ืžื•ืจื™ื,
05:21
which you have to do anyway.
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ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืชื• ืžืžื™ืœื.
05:23
So we're once again doing "Give One, Get One."
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ื—ื–ืจื ื• ืœืžื‘ืฆืข "ืชืŸ ืื—ื“, ืงื‘ืœ ืื—ื“."
05:26
Last year, we ran a "Give One, Get One" program,
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ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื” ื”ืžื‘ืฆืข ืฉืœ "ืชืŸ ืื—ื“, ืงื‘ืœ ืื—ื“"
05:28
and it generated over 100,000 laptops
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ื›ืœืœ 100,000 ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื
05:32
that we were then able to give free.
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ืฉื—ื™ืœืงื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื ื.
05:35
And by being a zero-dollar laptop,
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ื•ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื”ื• ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืืคืก,
05:37
we can go to countries that can't afford it at all.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื—ืกืจื•ืช ืืžืฆืขื™ื
05:40
And that's what we did. We went to Haiti,
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ื•ื›ืš ืขืฉื™ื ื•. ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœื”ืื™ื˜ื™,
05:43
we went to Rwanda, Afghanistan,
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ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืจื•ืื ื“ื”, ืœืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ,
05:45
Ethiopia, Mongolia.
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ืœืืชื™ื•ืคื™ื”, ืœืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื”.
05:48
Places that are not markets,
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ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ื ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื,
05:50
seeding it with the principles of
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ื–ืจืขื ื• ื‘ื”ื ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ
05:53
saturation, connectivity, low ages, etc.
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ืจื•ื•ื™ื”, ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ื’ื™ืœืื™ื ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื, ื•ื›ื•'.
05:56
And then we can actually roll out large numbers.
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ื•ื›ืš ืื ื• ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืกืคืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื.
06:00
So think of it this way:
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ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช:
06:02
think of it as inoculating children
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ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื›ืš ื›ืขืœ ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ื™ืœื“ื™ื
06:05
against ignorance.
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ื ื’ื“ ื”ื‘ืขืจื•ืช.
06:08
And think of the laptop as a vaccine.
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ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ ื›ืขืœ ืชืจื›ื™ื‘ ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ.
06:10
You don't vaccinate a few children.
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ืœื ื“ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืžื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
06:12
You vaccinate all the children in an area.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื—ืกืŸ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืจ.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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