Chris Milk: How virtual reality can create the ultimate empathy machine
173,464 views ・ 2015-04-22
请双击下面的英文字幕来播放视频。
翻译人员: Xiaoya Song
校对人员: Zongzhen Yang
00:13
Virtual reality started for me
in sort of an unusual place.
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我第一次接触虚拟现实
是在一个不大寻常的情况下。
00:18
It was the 1970s.
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那是十九世纪七十年代,
00:21
I got into the field very young:
I was seven years old.
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我在很小的时候就接触了这个领域:
那时候才七岁。
00:24
And the tool that I used
to access virtual reality
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我用于进入虚拟现实的工具
00:29
was the Evel Knievel stunt cycle.
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是Evel Knievel特技摩托车模型。
00:32
This is a commercial for
that particular item:
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在当时它的广告是这样的:
00:35
(Video) Voice-over: What a jump!
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(录像)旁白:跳的好!
00:36
Evel's riding the amazing stunt cycle.
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Evel正在表演惊人的摩托车特技。
00:38
That gyro-power sends him
over 100 feet at top speed.
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陀螺仪的能量将他
以最高速送上了100英尺的高度!
00:41
Chris Milk: So this was my joy back then.
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Chris Milk:
这就是我那时候快乐的源泉。
00:43
I rode this motorcycle everywhere.
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我“骑”着它到处跑。
00:46
And I was there with Evel Knievel; we
jumped the Snake River Canyon together.
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我和Evel Knievel一起跳过了蛇河峡谷。
00:50
I wanted the rocket.
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我想要那个火箭。
00:52
I never got the rocket,
I only got the motorcycle.
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我从来没有得到过那个火箭,
只有这个摩托车。
00:57
I felt so connected to this world.
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我感到我和这个世界紧紧相连在一起。
01:00
I didn't want to be a storyteller
when I grew up, I wanted to be stuntman.
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我不想长大后成为一个讲故事的人,
我想成为一个特技表演家。
01:04
I was there. Evel Knievel was my friend.
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我就在那里,
而Evel Knievel是我的朋友。
01:07
I had so much empathy for him.
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我和他心有灵犀。
01:10
But it didn't work out. (Laughter)
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但是事实并没有朝
我期待的方向发展。(笑)
01:13
I went to art school.
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我去了一个艺术学校。
01:15
I started making music videos.
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我开始制作音乐视频。
01:17
And this is one of the early
music videos that I made:
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这是我最早期制作的音乐视频之一:
01:20
(Music: "Touch the Sky" by Kanye West)
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(音乐:Touch the Sky -- Kanye West)
01:26
CM: You may notice
some slight similarities here.
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你们也许注意到了一些相似之处。
01:30
(Laughter)
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(笑)
01:31
And I got that rocket.
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而且我得到了那个火箭。
01:34
(Laughter)
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(笑)
01:37
So, now I'm a filmmaker,
or, the beginning of a filmmaker,
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所以,现在我是一个制片人,
或者说,新手制片人,
01:41
and I started using the tools that are
available to me as a filmmaker
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我开始使用一些用于制作电影的工具,
01:45
to try to tell the most compelling stories
that I can to an audience.
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向观众展示那些最引人入胜的故事。
01:49
And film is this incredible medium
that allows us to feel empathy
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电影是一种不可思议的媒介,
能让我们
01:52
for people that are very different than us
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和非常不同的人,
01:55
and worlds completely
foreign from our own.
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不同的世界产生共鸣。
01:57
Unfortunately,
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不幸的是,
01:58
Evel Knievel did not feel the same
empathy for us that we felt for him,
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Evel Knievel没有对我们产生
像我们对他那样的共鸣,
02:03
and he sued us for this video --
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他起诉了我们这个视频,
02:06
(Laughter) --
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(笑)
02:08
shortly thereafter.
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就在不久以后。
02:10
On the upside, the man
that I worshipped as a child,
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不过往好的方面想,
这个我从小崇拜的男人,
02:14
the man that I wanted
to become as an adult,
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这个我曾今想长大后变成他的男人,
02:18
I was finally able to get his autograph.
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我终于拿到了他的签名。
02:22
(Applause)
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(掌声)
02:29
Let's talk about film now.
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现在来谈谈电影吧。
02:34
Film, it's an incredible medium,
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电影,是个不可思议的媒介,
02:37
but essentially, it's the same
now as it was then.
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但是基本上从过去到现在
它并没有改变很多。
02:41
It's a group of rectangles that are
played in a sequence.
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它只是一组按顺序播放的长方形。
02:44
And we've done incredible things
with those rectangles.
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但是我们用这些长方形
做出过非同凡响的事情。
02:48
But I started thinking about,
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但是我开始思考,
02:51
is there a way that I can use modern
and developing technologies
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我可不可以用现代不断发展的科技,
02:55
to tell stories in different ways
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通过不同的方法讲故事,
02:57
and tell different kinds of stories
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讲述不同的故事,
02:59
that maybe I couldn't tell using
the traditional tools of filmmaking
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而这些用我们已经使用了100年的
传统的电影制作工具
03:03
that we've been using for 100 years?
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却无法实现?
03:05
So I started experimenting,
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所以我开始进行试验,
03:08
and what I was trying to do was
to build the ultimate empathy machine.
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我想造出一个能最终实现共鸣的机器。
03:15
And here's one of the early experiments:
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这是我最初的试验之一:
03:17
(Music)
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(音乐)
03:20
So this is called
"The Wilderness Downtown."
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这个叫做The Wilderness Downtown。
03:22
It was a collaboration with Arcade Fire.
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是跟Arcade Fire合作的项目。
03:24
It asked you to put in the address
where you grew up at the beginning of it.
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它一开始让你输入你长大的地方。
03:28
It's a website.
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它是一个网站。
03:29
And out of it starts growing these little
boxes with different browser windows.
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开始后你会在不同的浏览器中
看到这些小盒子。
03:34
And you see this teenager
running down a street,
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你会看到这个少年在街上跑,
03:36
and then you see Google Street View
and Google Maps imagery
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然后看到谷歌街景和谷歌地图,
03:39
and you realize the street
he's running down is yours.
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你会意识到他沿途经过的街道,
正是你成长的地方。
03:41
And when he stops in front of a house,
he stops in front of your house.
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当他停下来的时候,
是在你的房子前。
03:47
And this was great, and I saw people
having an even deeper emotional reaction
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这很棒,我看到人们表现出
更剧烈的情感波动,
03:51
to this than the things that
I had made in rectangles.
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相较于我在长方形框框里
创造出来的东西。
03:54
And I'm essentially taking
a piece of your history
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我基本上是拿出来你的一段过去,
03:58
and putting it inside
the framing of the story.
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把它放入一个故事当中。
04:01
But then I started thinking,
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然后我开始思考,
04:03
okay, well that's a part of you,
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好吧,这是你的一部分,
04:05
but how do I put all of you
inside of the frame?
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但是我怎样才能把你的一切
都这样呈现出来呢?
04:10
So to do that, I started
making art installations.
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于是,我开始制作装置艺术。
04:13
And this is one called
"The Treachery of Sanctuary."
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这个叫做“对神圣的背叛”。
04:16
It's a triptych. I'm going to show
you the third panel.
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它是个三联场景。
我要展示一下第三部分。
04:19
(Music)
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(音乐)
04:43
So now I've got you inside of the frame,
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所以我把你带入了这个画框,
04:46
and I saw people having even more
visceral emotional reactions
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与之前的作品相比,
我看到人们的情感
04:51
to this work than the previous one.
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受到了更多的触动。
但然后我开始思考,
画框到底意味着什么?
04:54
But then I started thinking about frames,
and what do they represent?
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04:58
And a frame is just a window.
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画框只是一个窗户。
05:00
I mean, all the media that we watch --
television, cinema --
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我的意思是,我们观看的所有媒介——
电视,电影院——
05:03
they're these windows into
these other worlds.
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它们都是通往另一个世界的窗户。
05:05
And I thought, well, great.
I got you in a frame.
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我想,好,我让你进入一个框。
05:08
But I don't want you in the frame,
I don't want you in the window,
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但是我不想让你在这个框里面,
在窗户里面,
我想要你穿过这个窗户到另一边去,
05:11
I want you through the window,
I want you on the other side,
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05:14
in the world, inhabiting the world.
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到另一个世界,住到那个世界里去。
05:18
So that leads me back to virtual reality.
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于是这把我带回到了虚拟现实上。
05:21
Let's talk about virtual reality.
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下面我们说一下虚拟现实。
05:24
Unfortunately,
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不幸的是,
05:25
talking about virtual reality
is like dancing about architecture.
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谈论虚拟现实就像对着某个体系跳舞。
05:30
And this is actually someone dancing
about architecture in virtual reality.
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而这个人就是在对着虚拟现实里的
构建体系跳舞。
05:37
(Laughter)
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(笑)
05:39
So, it's difficult to explain.
Why is it difficult to explain?
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这个很难解释。
为什么这么说呢?
05:43
It's difficult because it's a very
experiential medium.
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它很难是因为这个只是
一个经验上的媒介。
05:46
You feel your way inside of it.
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你在里面感受到你自己。
05:48
It's a machine, but inside of it,
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它是个机器,但是在它里面,
05:50
it feels like real life,
it feels like truth.
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你感觉像在真实的世界中。
05:53
And you feel present in the world
that you're inside
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你感到你存在于这个世界中,
05:56
and you feel present with the people
that you're inside of it with.
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而且你能感受到其他人的存在。
05:59
So, I'm going to show you a demo
of a virtual reality film:
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所以,我要给你们展示一个
虚拟现实电影的片段:
06:03
a full-screen version of
all the information
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它是我们在摄录虚拟现实的时候
06:06
that we capture when
we shoot virtual reality.
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获得的全部信息的全屏版本。
06:08
So we're shooting in every direction.
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所以我们在每个角度都会摄像。
我们打造的这个摄像系统
06:10
This is a camera system that we built
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06:12
that has 3D cameras that look
in every direction
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能够进行立体拍摄,
实现各个方向的效果,
06:15
and binaural microphones
that face in every direction.
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还配备了多方位的麦克风装置。
06:17
We take this and we build, basically,
a sphere of a world that you inhabit.
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我们基本上是打造了你居住的
一个球形的世界。
06:23
So what I'm going to show you
is not a view into the world,
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那么我要给你们展示的并
不是这个世界的一个视角,
06:26
it's basically the whole world
stretched into a rectangle.
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而是整个被拉成长方形的世界。
06:30
So this film is called
"Clouds Over Sidra,"
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这个电影叫做"乌云下的西德拉“,
06:33
and it was made in conjunction with
our virtual reality company called VRSE
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由我们的虚拟现实公司VRSE,
06:37
and the United Nations,
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和联合国,
06:39
and a co-collaborator named Gabo Arora.
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以及一个合作者,
Gabo Arora联合制作。
06:42
And we went to a Syrian refugee camp
in Jordan in December
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我们在12月份去了位于
约旦的一个叙利亚难民营,
06:46
and shot the story of a 12-year-old
girl there named Sidra.
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拍摄了这个叫做西德拉的
12岁女孩的故事。
06:50
And she and her family fled Syria
through the desert into Jordan
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她和她的家人从叙利亚逃离,
穿过沙漠到达了约旦,
06:54
and she's been living in this
camp for the last year and a half.
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她已经在难民营住了一年半了。
07:00
(Video) Sidra: My name is Sidra.
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(录像)西德拉:我的名字是西德拉。
07:02
I am 12 years old.
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我12岁。
07:04
I am in the fifth grade.
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我上五年级。
07:06
I am from Syria,
in the Daraa Province, Inkhil City.
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我来自叙利亚,德拉省的Inkhil市。
07:11
I have lived here in the Zaatari camp
in Jordan for the last year and a half.
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我住在约旦的Zaatari营已经一年半了。
07:18
I have a big family:
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我家里有很多人:
07:20
three brothers, one is a baby.
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三个兄弟,其中一个还是小宝宝。
07:23
He cries a lot.
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他总是哭。
07:27
I asked my father if I cried when
I was a baby and he says I did not.
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我问我爸爸当我是小宝宝的时候
我会哭吗,他说不会。
07:32
I think I was a stronger baby
than my brother.
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我觉得我是个更坚强的小孩子。
07:35
CM: So, when you're inside
of the headset.
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CM:事实上,
当你从耳机中听到这个的时候,
07:38
you're not seeing it like this.
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你看到的不是这种景象。
07:40
You're looking around through this world.
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你其实是在环顾周围的世界。
07:42
You'll notice you see full
360 degrees, in all directions.
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你会发现你能看到360度
全方位的世界。
07:47
And when you're sitting there
in her room, watching her,
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当你坐在她的房间中看着她的时候,
07:50
you're not watching it through
a television screen,
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你不是在透过一个电视屏幕看,
07:53
you're not watching it through a window,
you're sitting there with her.
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也不是透过一个窗户看,
你是和她一起坐在那里。
07:56
When you look down, you're sitting
on the same ground that she's sitting on.
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当你往下看的时候,
你其实是和她坐在同一个地面上。
08:00
And because of that,
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正因为这样,
08:02
you feel her humanity in a deeper way.
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你会更深切地感受到她的人性。
08:07
You empathize with her in a deeper way.
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你和她在更深层次上产生了共鸣。
08:11
And I think that we can change
minds with this machine.
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我认为我们可以用这种机器
来改变人的想法,
08:17
And we've already started
to try to change a few.
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我们正在尝试去进行小小的改变。
08:21
So we took this film to the World Economic
Forum in Davos in January.
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所以我们把这个影片拿到了在一月举行的
达沃斯世界经济论坛。
08:26
And we showed it to a group of people
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我们给一组人展示了这个影片,
08:29
whose decisions affect the lives
of millions of people.
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这些人的决定能够改变百万人的生活。
08:33
And these are people
who might not otherwise
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这些人也许一辈子都不会
08:35
be sitting in a tent
in a refugee camp in Jordan.
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坐在约旦的难民营里面。
08:41
But in January, one afternoon
in Switzerland,
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但是在一月,在瑞士的一个下午,
08:47
they suddenly all found themselves there.
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他们突然发现他们就在那里。
08:52
(Applause)
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(掌声)
08:58
And they were affected by it.
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他们被深深地触动了。
09:01
So we're going to make more of them.
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所以我们打算再接再厉。
09:04
We're working with the
United Nations right now
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我们正在和联合国合作,
09:07
to shoot a whole series of these films.
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来录制一个电影系列。
09:09
We just finished shooting
a story in Liberia.
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我们刚刚结束在利比里亚的摄录。
09:12
And now, we're going
to shoot a story in India.
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现在,我们要去印度。
09:15
And we're taking these films,
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我们要带着这些影片,
09:17
and we're showing them
at the United Nations
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在联合国上放映,
09:20
to people that work there and people
that are visiting there.
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给在那里工作或者旅游的人们看。
09:23
And we're showing
them to the people
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我们给可以改变
09:24
that can actually change the lives
of the people inside of the films.
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电影主人公生活的那些人展示。
09:29
And that's where I think we just
start to scratch the surface
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我认为我们由此才刚刚开始发掘
09:32
of the true power of virtual reality.
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虚拟现实的真正力量。
09:36
It's not a video game peripheral.
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它不是一个游戏周边。
09:38
It connects humans to other humans
in a profound way
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它以一种很深刻的方式连接每个人,
09:43
that I've never seen before
in any other form of media.
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一种史无前例的方式。
09:46
And it can change people's
perception of each other.
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它可以改变人们对他人的印象。
09:50
And that's how I think
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这就是我为何相信
虚拟现实可以真正改变这个世界。
09:52
virtual reality has the potential
to actually change the world.
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09:58
So, it's a machine,
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所以,它是个机器,
10:01
but through this machine
we become more compassionate,
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但是通过这个机器,
我们变得更有同情心,
10:06
we become more empathetic,
and we become more connected.
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能和他人产生共鸣,
彼此间联系得也更紧密了。
10:11
And ultimately, we become more human.
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最终,我们会变得更有人性。
10:16
Thank you.
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谢谢。
10:17
(Applause)
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(掌声)
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