How we found the giant squid | Edith Widder

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast

Prevodilac: Miloš Milosavljević Lektor: Mile Živković

The Kraken, a beast so terrifying

Kraken, zver tako zastrašujuća

it was said to devour men and ships and whales,

govorilo se da proždire ljude, brodove i kitove,

and so enormous it could be mistaken for an island.

i tako velika da može da se pobrka sa ostrvom.

In assessing the merits of such tales,

U procenjivanju zasluga ovakvih priča,

it's probably wise to keep in mind that old sailor's saw

verovatno je mudro imati na umu izreku starog moreplovca

that the only difference between a fairytale and a sea story

da je jedina razlika između bajke i morske priče

is a fairytale begins, "Once upon a time,"

ta što bajka počinje sa: "Bilo jednom..."

and a sea story begins, "This ain't no shit." (Laughter)

a morska priča sa: "Nije zajebancija...". (Smeh)

Every fish that gets away

Svaka riba koja pobegne

grows with every telling of the tale.

raste sa svakim pričanjem priče.

Nevertheless, there are giants in the ocean,

Ipak, ima džinova u okeanu,

and we now have video proof,

i sada imamo video dokaz,

as those of you that saw the Discovery Channel documentary are no doubt aware.

čega su nesumnjivo svesni oni od vas koji su gledali dokumentarac Diskaveri kanala.

I was one of the three scientists on this expedition

Ja sam bila jedan od tri naučnika na ovoj ekspediciji

that took place last summer off Japan.

koja se desila prošlog leta u vodama Japana.

I'm the short one.

Ja sam ova mala.

The other two are Dr. Tsunemi Kubodera and Dr. Steve O'Shea.

Ostalih dvoje su dr Cunemi Kubodera i dr Stiv O'Šej.

I owe my participation in this now-historic event

Ja dugujem svoje učešće u ovom sada istorijskom događaju,

to TED.

TED-u.

In 2010, there was a TED event called Mission Blue

2010. bio je TED događaj zvani "Plava misija"

held aboard the Lindblad Explorer in the Galapagos

održan na Lindblad eksploreru na Galapagosu

as part of the fulfillment of Sylvia Earle's TED wish.

kao deo ispunjavanja TED želje Silvije Erl.

I spoke about a new way of exploring the ocean,

Ja sam govorila o novom načinu istraživanja okeana,

one that focuses on attracting animals instead of scaring them away.

onom koji se fokusira na privlačenje životinja umesto na njihovo plašenje.

Mike deGruy was also invited,

Majk De Gri je takođe bio pozvan,

and he spoke with great passion about his love of the ocean,

i on je govorio sa velikom strašću o svojoj ljubavi prema okeanu,

and he also talked to me about applying my approach

i takođe je govorio meni o primeni mog pristupa

to something he's been involved with for a very long time,

u nečemu u šta je on bio uključen veoma dugo,

which is the hunt for the giant squid.

a to je lov na džinovsku lignju.

It was Mike that got me invited to the squid summit,

Majk je bio taj koji me je pozvao na samit o lignjama,

a gathering of squid experts at the Discovery Channel

skup stručnjaka za lignje na Diskaveri kanalu

that summer during Shark Week. (Laughter)

tog leta tokom Nedelje ajkula. (Smeh)

I gave a talk on unobtrusive viewing

Ja sam govorila o neupadljivom posmatranju

and optical luring of deep sea squid

i optičkom primamljivanju lignje iz dubina

in which I emphasized the importance

u kome sam istakla važnost

of using quiet, unobtrusive platforms for exploration.

korišćenja tihe, neupadljive platforme za istraživanje.

This came out of hundreds of dives I have made,

Ovo je došlo od stotina urona koje sam imala,

farting around in the dark

potucanja u mraku,

using these platforms,

koristeći ove platforme,

and my impression that I saw more animals

i moj je utisak da sam videla više životinja

working from the submersible

radeći sa podvodnog vozila

than I did with either of the remote-operated vehicles.

nego što sam videla sa oba vozila na daljinsko upravljanje.

But that could just be because the submersible has a wider field of view.

Ali to je možda samo zato što podvodno vozilo ima šire vidno polje.

But I also felt like I saw more animals

Ali takođe sam osećala kao da sam videla više životinja

working with the Tiburon than the Ventana,

radeći sa Tiburonom nego sa Ventanom,

two vehicles with the same field of view

dva vozila sa istim vidnim poljem

but different propulsion systems.

ali različitim pogonom.

So my suspicion was that it might have something to do with the amount of noise they make.

Tako da sam posumnjala da to može da ima veze sa količinom buke koju prave.

So I set up a hydrophone on the bottom of the ocean,

Tako da sam postavila hidrofon na dno okeana,

and I had each of these fly by at the same speed and distance

i izvela sam da svaki prođe istom brzinom i na istom odstojanju

and recorded the sound they made.

i snimila zvuk koji proizvode.

The Johnson Sea-Link -- (whirring noise) --

Džonson Si-Link - (zujanje) -

which you can probably just barely hear here,

što verovatno jedva da možete da čujete ovde,

uses electric thrusters -- very, very quiet.

koristi električne potiskivače - veoma tiho.

The Tiburon also uses electric powered thrusters.

"Tiburon" takođe koristi potiskivače sa električnim napajanjem.

It's also pretty quiet, but a bit noisier. (Louder whirring noise)

To je takođe vrlo tiho, ali za nijansu bučnije. (Glasnije zujanje)

But most deep-diving ROVs these days use hydraulics

Ali vozila na daljinsko upravljanje koja se najčešće koriste danas, koriste hidrauliku

and they sound like the Ventana. (Loud beeping noise)

i zvuče kao "Ventana". (Glasno pištanje)

I think that's got to be scaring a lot of animals away.

Mislim da to mora da preplaši mnoge životinje.

So for the deep sea squid hunt,

Tako da za lov na lignje iz dubina,

I proposed using an optical lure

predlažem korišćenje optičkog mamca

attached to a camera platform

pričvršćenog za platformu kamere

with no thrusters, no motors,

bez potiskivača, bez motora,

just a battery-powered camera,

samo kamera na baterije

and the only illumination coming from red light

i jedino osvetljenje dolazi od crvenog svetla

that's invisible to most deep-sea animals

koje je nevidljivo za mnoge životinje iz dubina

that are adapted to see primarily blue.

koje su se adaptirale da vide prvenstveno plavu boju.

That's visible to our eye,

To je vidljivo našem oku,

but it's the equivalent of infrared in the deep sea.

ali je ekvivalent infracrvenog za morske dubine.

So this camera platform, which we called the Medusa,

Ova platforma za kameru, koju smo nazvali Meduza,

could just be thrown off the back of the ship,

mogla je samo da bude bačena sa zadnjeg dela broda,

attached to a float at the surface with over 2,000 feet of line,

pričvršćena za plovak na površini sa preko 600 metara strune,

it would just float around passively carried by the currents,

samo bi plutala okolo pasivno nošena strujama,

and the only light visible to the animals in the deep

i jedino svetlo vidljivo životinjama u dubini

would be the blue light of the optical lure,

bilo bi plavo svetlo optičkog mamca,

which we called the electronic jellyfish, or e-jelly,

koga smo nazvali elektronska meduza ili e-duza,

because it was designed to imitate

jer je dizajnirana da oponaša

the bioluminescent display

bioluminescentno prikazivanje

of the common deep sea jellyfish Atolla.

uobičajene dubinske meduze Atole.

Now, this pinwheel of light that the Atolla produces

Ova vetrenjača svetla koje Atola proizvodi

is known as a bioluminescent burglar alarm

je poznata kao bioluminescentni alarmni uređaj

and is a form of defense.

i oblik je odbrane.

The reason that the electronic jellyfish worked as a lure

Razlog zbog koga je elektronska meduza funkcionisala kao mamac

is not because giant squid eat jellyfish,

nije zbog toga što džinovska lignja jede meduze,

but it's because this jellyfish only resorts to producing this light

nego zato što ova meduza jedino pribegava proizvodnji ovog svetla

when it's being chewed on by a predator

kada je žvaće grabljivica

and its only hope for escape

i njena jedina nada za spas je

may be to attract the attention of a larger predator

da možda privuče pažnju veće grabljivice

that will attack its attacker

koja će napasti njenog napadača

and thereby afford it an opportunity for escape.

i time joj omogućiti šansu za bekstvo.

It's a scream for help, a last-ditch attempt for escape,

To je poziv u pomoć, poslednji pokušaj za bekstvo

and a common form of defense in the deep sea.

i uobičajen oblik odbrane u dubinama.

The approach worked.

Pristup je uspeo.

Whereas all previous expeditions had failed to garner

Dok sve prethodne ekspedicije nisu uspele da sakupe

a single video glimpse of the giant,

nijedan jedini snimak ovog džina,

we managed six, and the first triggered wild excitement.

mi smo uspeli šest i prvi je izazvao fantastično uzbuđenje.

Edith Widder (on video): Oh my God. Oh my God! Are you kidding me?Other scientists: Oh ho ho! That's just hanging there.

Edit Vider (na snimku): O bože, O bože! Zezaš me! Ostali naučnici: O ho ho! Upravo stoji tamo.

EW: It was like it was teasing us, doing a kind of fan dance --

Edit Vider: Izgledalo je kao da nas zadirkuje, da izvodi ples sa lepezama -

now you see me, now you don't --

sad me vidiš, sad me ne vidiš -

and we had four such teasing appearances,

i bilo je četiri takva izazivajuća pojavljivanja,

and then on the fifth, it came in and totally wowed us.

i onda u petom, pojavila se i totalno nas zabezeknula.

(Music) Narrator: (Speaking in Japanese)

(Muzika) Pripovedač: (Govori na Japanskom)

Scientists: Ooh. Bang! Oh my God! Whoa!

Naučnici: Ooh! O bože! Uuu!

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

EW: The full monty.

E.V.: Potpuno prikazivanje.

What really wowed me about that

Ono što me je stvarno zabezeknulo

was the way it came in up over the e-jelly

je to kako je došla iznad e-duze

and then attacked the enormous thing next to it,

i onda napala ogromnu stvar pored nje,

which I think it mistook for the predator on the e-jelly.

koju je, ja mislim, pobrkala sa grabljivicom e-duze.

But even more incredible was the footage shot

Ali još neverovatniji je bio materijal snimljen

from the Triton submersible.

sa podvodnog vozila Triton.

What was not mentioned in the Discovery documentary

U dokumentarcu Diskaverija nije pomenuto

was that the bait squid that Dr. Kubodera used,

da je lignja-mamac koju je koristio doktor Kubodera,

a one-meter long diamondback squid

lignja dijamantskih leđa dugačka jedan metar,

had a light attached to it, a squid jig

imala pričvršćeno svetlo za sebe, mamac za lignje

of the type that longline fishermen use,

poput onog koji koriste komercijalni ribolovci,

and I think it was this light

i mislim da je to svetlo bilo ono

that brought the giant in.

što je primamilo ovog džina.

Now, what you're seeing

Ono što sada vidite

is the intensified camera's view under red light,

je pojačan pogled kamere pod crvenim svetlom,

and that's all Dr. Kubodera could see when the giant comes in here.

i to je sve što je dr Kubodera mogao da vidi kad je džin došao.

And then he got so excited,

I onda se toliko uzbudio,

he turned on his flashlight because he wanted to see better,

da je uključio svoju baterijsku lampu zato što je hteo da vidi bolje

and the giant didn't run away,

i džin nije pobegao,

so he risked turning on the white lights on the submersible,

tako da je rizikovao uključivši bela svetla na podmornici,

bringing a creature of legend

i preneo biće iz legende

from the misty history into high-resolution video.

iz maglovite istorije na video snimak visoke rezolucije.

It was absolutely breathtaking,

Bilo je apsolutno zadivljujuće,

and had this animal had its feeding tentacles intact

i da su pipci za ishranu ove životinje bili netaknuti

and fully extended,

i potpuno izduženi,

it would have been as tall as a two-story house.

bila bi visoka kao dvospratna kuća.

How could something that big

Kako je nešto te veličine moglo

live in our ocean and yet remain unfilmed until now?

do sada da živi u našem okeanu i da ga niko ne snimi?

We've only explored about five percent of our ocean.

Mi smo samo istražili oko pet procenata našeg okeana.

There are great discoveries yet to be made down there,

Ima još velikih otkrića koja treba da se dese tamo dole,

fantastic creatures representing millions of years of evolution

fantastičnih stvorenja koja predstavljaju milione godina evolucije

and possibly bioactive compounds

i možda bioaktivnih jedinjenja

that could benefit us in ways that we can't even yet imagine.

koja bi mogla da nam koriste na načine koje ne možemo ni da zamislimo.

Yet we have spent only a tiny fraction

Ipak trošimo samo mali deo

of the money on ocean exploration

para na istraživanje okeana

that we've spent on space exploration.

od onog što trošimo za istraživanje svemira.

We need a NASA-like organization for ocean exploration,

Treba nam organizacija po ugledu na NASA za istraživanje okeana,

because we need to be exploring and protecting

zato što treba da istražujemo i čuvamo

our life support systems here on Earth.

naše životne sisteme ovde na Zemlji.

We need — thank you. (Applause)

Moramo - hvala vam. (Aplauz)

Exploration is the engine that drives innovation.

Istraživanje je mašina koja vuče inovaciju.

Innovation drives economic growth.

Inovacija vuče ekonomski rast.

So let's all go exploring,

Zato hajde svi da istražujemo,

but let's do it in a way that doesn't scare the animals away,

ali činimo to na način koji ne plaši životinje,

or, as Mike deGruy once said,

ili kako je Majk De Gri jednom rekao,

"If you want to get away from it all

"Ako hoćete da uradite nesto nesvakidašnje

and see something you've never seen,

i vidite nešto što nikada niste videli,

or have an excellent chance of seeing something that no one's ever seen,

ili imate odličnu priliku da vidite nešto što niko drugi nije video,

get in a sub."

uđite u podmornicu."

He should have been with us for this adventure.

On je trebalo da bude sa nama na ovoj avanturi.

We miss him.

Nedostaje nam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)