Gary Haugen: The hidden reason for poverty the world needs to address now

Prevodilac: Ivana Krsmanovic Lektor: Ivana Krivokuća

To be honest, by personality,

Da budem iskren, kao ličnost

I'm just not much of a crier.

nisam sklon plakanju.

Ali mislim da je u mojoj karijeri to dobra stvar.

But I think in my career that's been a good thing.

Ja sam advokat koji se bavi građanskim pravom

I'm a civil rights lawyer,

and I've seen some horrible things in the world.

i video sam neke grozne stvari na ovom svetu.

Počeo sam karijeru u policiji

I began my career working police abuse cases in the United States.

na slučajevima zlostavljanja u SAD.

And then in 1994, I was sent to Rwanda

Potom sam 1994. poslat u Ruandu

to be the director of the U.N.'s genocide investigation.

da budem rukovodilac istrage genocida za Ujedinjene Nacije.

It turns out that tears just aren't much help

Ispostavilo se da suze ne pomažu mnogo

when you're trying to investigate a genocide.

pri pokušavanju istrage genocida.

The things I had to see, and feel and touch

Ono što sam morao da vidim, osetim i dodirnem,

were pretty unspeakable.

bilo je prilično teško opisati rečima.

What I can tell you is this:

Mogu vam reći samo

that the Rwandan genocide

da je ruandski genocid

was one of the world's greatest failures of simple compassion.

jedan od najvećih neuspeha na svetu kada govorimo o običnom saosećanju.

That word, compassion, actually comes from two Latin words:

Ta reč, saosećanje, zapravo potiče iz dve latinske reči:

cum passio, which simply mean "to suffer with."

cum passio, što znači jednostavno "patiti sa".

And the things that I saw and experienced

Ono što sam video i doživeo u Ruandi

in Rwanda as I got up close to human suffering,

kada sam bio blizu ljudske patnje,

it did, in moments, move me to tears.

me je u nekim trenucima dovelo do suza.

But I just wish that I, and the rest of the world,

Samo bih želeo da sam, zajedno sa čitavim svetom,

had been moved earlier.

to iskusio ranije.

And not just to tears,

I ne samo suze,

but to actually stop the genocide.

već da se genocid zaista spreči.

Now by contrast, I've also been involved

Nasuprot tome, takođe sam bio deo

with one of the world's greatest successes of compassion.

jednog od najvećih uspeha saosećanja na svetu.

And that's the fight against global poverty.

A to je borba protiv globalnog siromaštva.

It's a cause that probably has involved all of us here.

To je cilj koji verovatno uključuje sve nas ovde.

I don't know if your first introduction

Ne znam da li se vaše prvo predstavljanje

might have been choruses of "We Are the World,"

može opisati refrenom pesme "Mi smo svet"

or maybe the picture of a sponsored child on your refrigerator door,

ili možda sponzorisanom slikom deteta na vratima vašeg frižidera,

or maybe the birthday you donated for fresh water.

ili rođendanom kada ste dali prilog za svežu vodu.

I don't really remember what my first introduction to poverty was

Zaista se ne sećam svog prvog susreta sa siromaštvom

but I do remember the most jarring.

ali se sećam najpotresnijeg.

It was when I met Venus --

Bilo je to kada sam upoznao Venus -

she's a mom from Zambia.

ona je jedna mama iz Zambije.

She's got three kids and she's a widow.

Ima troje dece i udovica je.

When I met her, she had walked about 12 miles

Kada sam je upoznao, pešačila je oko 19 kilometara

in the only garments she owned,

u jedinoj odeći koju ima

to come to the capital city and to share her story.

da bi došla u glavni grad i podelila svoju priču.

She sat down with me for hours,

Pričala mi je satima,

just ushered me in to the world of poverty.

uvodila me je u svet siromaštva.

She described what it was like when the coals on the cooking fire

Opisala mi je kako je izgledalo kada se ugalj u vatri

finally just went completely cold.

na kojoj je kuvala, potpuno ohladi.

When that last drop of cooking oil finally ran out.

Kada se poslednja kap ulja potroši.

When the last of the food, despite her best efforts,

Kada, uprkos njenom najvećem trudu,

ran out.

nestane hrane.

She had to watch her youngest son, Peter,

Morala je da gleda svog najmlađeg sina Pitera,

suffer from malnutrition,

kako boluje od neuhranjenosti,

as his legs just slowly bowed into uselessness.

dok su mu noge polako postajale beskorisne.

As his eyes grew cloudy and dim.

Kako su mu oči postajale mutne i tamne.

And then as Peter finally grew cold.

I kako je Piterovo telo na kraju postalo hladno.

For over 50 years, stories like this have been moving us to compassion.

Više od 50 godina, ovakve priče u nama izazivaju saosećanje.

We whose kids have plenty to eat.

U nama, čija deca imaju obilje hrane.

And we're moved not only to care about global poverty,

Pokrenuti smo da brinemo, ne samo o globalnom siromaštvu,

but to actually try to do our part to stop the suffering.

već da zapravo pokušamo da uradimo što je do nas

da zaustavimo patnju.

Now there's plenty of room for critique that we haven't done enough,

Ima dosta prostora za kritikovanje kako nismo učinili dovoljno,

and what it is that we've done hasn't been effective enough,

i da ono što smo učinili

nije dovoljno efikasno,

but the truth is this:

ali ovo je istina:

The fight against global poverty is probably the broadest,

Borba protiv globalnog siromaštva je verovatno najšire rasprostranjena

longest running manifestation of the human phenomenon of compassion

najtrajnija pojava ljudske pojave saosećanja

in the history of our species.

u istoriji naše vrste.

And so I'd like to share a pretty shattering insight

Stoga bih želeo da podelim veoma uznemirujuć uvid

that might forever change the way you think about that struggle.

koji bi zauvek mogao promeniti

vaše mišljenje o ovoj borbi.

But first, let me begin with what you probably already know.

Ali prvo ću početi s onim što verovatno već znate.

Thirty-five years ago, when I would have been graduating from high school,

Pre 35 godina, kada sam stekao diplomu srednje škole

they told us that 40,000 kids every day died because of poverty.

rekli su nam da 40 000 dece svakoga dana umire zbog siromaštva.

That number, today, is now down to 17,000.

Ta cifra je danas spala na 17 000.

Way too many, of course,

To je naravno, previše,

but it does mean that every year,

ali to ipak znači da svake godine,

there's eight million kids who don't have to die from poverty.

osam miliona dece ne mora da umre zbog siromaštva.

Moreover, the number of people in our world

Štaviše, broj ljudi na zemlji

who are living in extreme poverty,

koji žive u ekstremnom siromaštvu,

koje se definiše kao život

which is defined as living off about a dollar and a quarter a day,

sa oko dolar i 15 centi dnevno,

that has fallen from 50 percent,

spao je sa 50 procenata

to only 15 percent.

na samo 15 procenata.

This is massive progress,

Ovo je ogroman napredak

and this exceeds everybody's expectations about what is possible.

i prevazilazi svačija očekivanja

kada su mogućnosti u pitanju.

And I think you and I,

Mislim da i vi i ja,

I think, honestly, that we can feel proud and encouraged

iskreno mislim da možemo biti ponosni i ohrabreni

to see the way that compassion actually has the power

kada vidimo da saosećanje zaista ima moć

to succeed in stopping the suffering of millions.

da uspešno zaustavi patnje miliona.

But here's the part that you might not hear very much about.

Međutim, postoji jedan deo o kom možda nećete čuti mnogo.

If you move that poverty mark just up to two dollars a day,

Ako podignete granicu siromaštva na samo dva dolara dnevno,

it turns out that virtually the same two billion people

ispostavlja se da bukvalno te iste dve milijarde ljudi,

who were stuck in that harsh poverty when I was in high school,

koji su bili zaglavljeni u strašnom siromaštvu

kada sam ja išao u srednju školu,

are still stuck there,

još uvek su zaglavljeni tamo

35 years later.

35 godina kasnije.

So why, why are so many billions still stuck in such harsh poverty?

Dakle, zašto su milijarde još uvek

zaglavljene u tako strašnom siromaštvu?

Well, let's think about Venus for a moment.

Razmislimo na trenutak o Venus.

Now for decades, my wife and I have been moved by common compassion

Moju suprugu i mene decenijama motiviše zajedničko saosećanje

to sponsor kids, to fund microloans,

da dajemo priloge za decu, finansiramo mikro zajmove,

to support generous levels of foreign aid.

da podržimo darežljive inostrane donacije.

But until I had actually talked to Venus,

Ali dok nisam razgovarao s Venus

I would have had no idea that none of those approaches

nisam bio svestan da se nijedan od ovih pristupa

actually addressed why she had to watch her son die.

nije zapravo bavio razlogom zbog kog je morala da gleda sinovu smrt.

"We were doing fine," Venus told me,

"Bili smo dobro", rekla mi je Venus,

"until Brutus started to cause trouble."

"dok Brut nije počeo da pravi probleme".

Now, Brutus is Venus' neighbor and "cause trouble"

Brut je Venusin komšija, a "pravi probleme"

is what happened the day after Venus' husband died,

se odnosi na ono što se desilo dan posle smrti Venusinog muža,

when Brutus just came and threw Venus and the kids out of the house,

kada je Brut došao i izbacio Venus i decu iz kuće,

stole all their land, and robbed their market stall.

ukrao im posed i opljačkao njihovu pijačnu tezgu.

You see, Venus was thrown into destitution by violence.

Vidite, Venus je nasiljem naterana na nemaštinu.

And then it occurred to me, of course,

Onda mi je palo na pamet, naravno,

that none of my child sponsorships, none of the microloans,

da nijedan moj prilog za decu, nijedan od mojih mikro zajmova,

none of the traditional anti-poverty programs

nijedan od uobičajenih programa protiv siromaštva

were going to stop Brutus,

neće zaustaviti Bruta,

because they weren't meant to.

jer nisu predviđeni za to.

This became even more clear to me when I met Griselda.

Ovo mi je postalo još jasnije kada sam upoznao Griseldu.

She's a marvelous young girl living in a very poor community

Ona je sjajna mlada devojka koja živi u veoma siromašnoj zajednici

in Guatemala.

u Gvatemali.

And one of the things we've learned over the years

Tokom godina smo naučili

is that perhaps the most powerful thing

da je možda najvažnija stvar

that Griselda and her family can do

koju bi Griselda i njena porodica mogli učiniti

to get Griselda and her family out of poverty

kako bi spasili Griseldu i njenu porodicu od siromaštva

is to make sure that she goes to school.

je da se pobrinu da ona ide u školu.

The experts call this the Girl Effect.

Stručnjaci to zovu ženski uticaj.

But when we met Griselda, she wasn't going to school.

Kada smo upoznali Griseldu, ona nije išla u školu.

In fact, she was rarely ever leaving her home.

Zapravo, retko kada je izlazila iz kuće.

Days before we met her,

Nekoliko dana pre nego što smo je upoznali,

while she was walking home from church with her family,

dok se s porodicom vraćala iz crkve,

in broad daylight,

usred dana,

men from her community just snatched her off the street,

muškarci iz njene zajednice su je oteli s ulice

and violently raped her.

i silovali je.

See, Griselda had every opportunity to go to school,

Griselda je imala sve uslove da ide u školu,

it just wasn't safe for her to get there.

ali to jednostavno nije bilo bezbedno.

And Griselda's not the only one.

Griselda nije jedina.

Around the world, poor women and girls

Širom sveta, siromašne žene i devojčice

between the ages of 15 and 44,

od 15 do 44 godine starosti

they are -- when victims of the everyday violence

su žrtve svakodnevnog porodičnog i seksualnog nasilja -

of domestic abuse and sexual violence --

those two forms of violence account for more death and disability

ta dva oblika nasilja broje više smrtnih slučajeva i invaliditeta

than malaria, than car accidents, than war combined.

od malarije, saobraćajnih nesreća i rata, zajedno.

The truth is, the poor of our world are trapped in whole systems of violence.

Istina je da su siromašni ljudi našeg sveta

zarobljeni u čitavim sistemima nasilja.

Na primer, u Južnoj Aziji, mogao bih da prođem

In South Asia, for instance, I could drive past this rice mill

pored mlina za pirinač

i vidim čoveka koji diže džakove pirinča

and see this man hoisting these 100-pound sacks

teške 50 kilograma,

na svoja slaba leđa,

of rice upon his thin back.

But I would have no idea, until later,

ali ne bih imao pojma, sve do kasnije,

that he was actually a slave,

da je on zapravo rob

held by violence in that rice mill since I was in high school.

koga drže nasiljem u tom mlinu za pirinač

od kada sam ja išao u srednju školu.

Decades of anti-poverty programs right in his community

Decenije programa protiv siromaštva u njegovoj zajednici

were never able to rescue him or any of the hundred other slaves

nisu pomogle da se on, niti stotine drugih robova,

from the beatings and the rapes and the torture

spase od tuče, silovanja i mučenja,

of violence inside the rice mill.

od nasilja u mlinu za pirinač.

In fact, half a century of anti-poverty programs

Zapravo, pola veka programa protiv siromaštva,

have left more poor people in slavery

ostavilo je više siromašnih u ropstvu

than in any other time in human history.

nego u bilo kom drugom periodu u ljudskoj istoriji.

Experts tell us that there's about 35 million people in slavery today.

Stručnjaci kažu da danas ima oko 35 miliona ljudi u ropstvu.

That's about the population of the entire nation of Canada,

To je populacija čitave nacije Kanade,

where we're sitting today.

gde se danas nalazimo.

This is why, over time, I have come to call this epidemic of violence

Stoga sam vremenom ovu epidemiju nasilja počeo da nazivam

the Locust Effect.

efektom skakavaca.

Because in the lives of the poor, it just descends like a plague

Jer se u životima siromašnih jednostavno spusti poput kuge

and it destroys everything.

i uništi sve.

In fact, now when you survey very, very poor communities,

Zapravo, sada kada pitate stanovnike veoma siromašnih zajednica,

residents will tell you that their greatest fear is violence.

reći će vam da se najviše plaše nasilja.

But notice the violence that they fear

Ali zapazite da nasilje kog se oni plaše,

is not the violence of genocide or the wars,

nije nasilje genocida ili ratova,

it's everyday violence.

već svakodnevno nasilje.

So for me, as a lawyer, of course, my first reaction was to think,

Tako da, za mene kao advokata, prva reakcija je da pomislim

well, of course we've got to change all the laws.

da bismo morali promentiti zakone.

We've got to make all this violence against the poor illegal.

Moramo zabraniti svo to nasilje nad siromašnima.

But then I found out, it already is.

Ali onda sam otkrio da već jeste.

The problem is not that the poor don't get laws,

Problem nije u tome što siromašni nisu zaštićeni zakonom,

it's that they don't get law enforcement.

već što zakon nije sproveden.

In the developing world,

U zemljama u razvoju,

basic law enforcement systems are so broken

osnovni sistemi za sprovođenje zakona su toliko nefunkcionalni,

that recently the U.N. issued a report that found

da su nedavno Ujedinjene Nacije izdale izveštaj koji je potvrdio

that "most poor people live outside the protection of the law."

da "većina siromašnih živi bez zakonske zaštite."

Now honestly, you and I have just about no idea

Iskreno, ni vi, niti ja, nemamo pojma

of what that would mean

šta bi to moglo da znači,

because we have no first-hand experience of it.

jer nemamo direktno iskustvo s tim.

Functioning law enforcement for us is just a total assumption.

Funkcionalna primena zakona je za nas samo pretpostavka.

In fact, nothing expresses that assumption more clearly than three simple numbers:

Zapravo, ništa ne opisuje tu pretpostavku bolje

9-1-1,

od tri prosta broja: 911,

which, of course, is the number for the emergency police operator

što je naravno pozivni broj policijskog operatera za hitne slučajeve,

here in Canada and in the United States,

u Kanadi i Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama,

where the average response time to a police 911 emergency call

gde se na reagovanje policije za hitne slučajeve

is about 10 minutes.

čeka u proseku 10 minuta.

So we take this just completely for granted.

Mi to uzimamo zdravo za gotovo.

But what if there was no law enforcement to protect you?

Ali šta bi se desilo kada ne bi bilo sprovođenja zakona u cilju vaše zaštite?

A woman in Oregon recently experienced what this would be like.

Jedna žena iz Oregona je nedavno iskusila kako to izgleda.

She was home alone in her dark house on a Saturday night,

Bila je sama, u subotu noću, u mračnoj kući,

when a man started to tear his way into her home.

kada je muškarac počeo da provaljuje u njen dom.

This was her worst nightmare,

Ovo je bila njena najgora noćna mora,

because this man had actually put her in the hospital from an assault

jer je od napada tog čoveka završila u bolnici,

just two weeks before.

samo dve nedelje ranije.

So terrified, she picks up that phone and does what any of us would do:

Užasnuta, uzela je telefon i uradila ono što bi svako od nas uradio

She calls 911 --

pozvala je 911 -

but only to learn that because of budget cuts in her county,

ali, saznala je da zbog smanjenja budžeta u njenom okrugu,

law enforcement wasn't available on the weekends.

zakonska zaštita nije dostupna vikendom.

Listen.

Slušajte.

Dispatcher: I don't have anybody to send out there.

Operater: "Nemam nikoga da pošaljem tamo."

Woman: OK

Žena: "U redu."

Dispatcher: Um, obviously if he comes inside the residence and assaults you,

Operater: "Ukoliko uđe u vašu kuću i napadne vas,

can you ask him to go away?

možete li ga zamoliti da ode?

Or do you know if he is intoxicated or anything?

Da li znate da li je pod dejstvom alkohola?"

Woman: I've already asked him. I've already told him I was calling you.

"Već sam ga pitala, već sam mu rekla da sam vas zvala.

He's broken in before, busted down my door, assaulted me.

Jednom je već obio moja vrata i napao me."

Dispatcher: Uh-huh.

Operater: "Da, da."

Woman: Um, yeah, so ...

"Da, pa..."

Dispatcher: Is there any way you could safely leave the residence?

Operater: "Da li postoji način da bezbedno napustite kuću?"

Woman: No, I can't, because he's blocking pretty much my only way out.

Žena: "Nema, jer je blokirao moj jedini izlaz."

Dispatcher: Well, the only thing I can do is give you some advice,

Operater: "Jedino vam mogu dati savet

and call the sheriff's office tomorrow.

i pozvati šerifovu kancelariju sutra.

Obviously, if he comes in and unfortunately has a weapon

Naravno, ako uđe i ako nažalost ima oružje,

or is trying to cause you physical harm, that's a different story.

ili pokuša da vas fizički napadne, to je druga priča.

You know, the sheriff's office doesn't work up there.

Znate, tu ne radi šerifova kancelarija.

I don't have anybody to send."

Nemam koga da pošaljem."

Gary Haugen: Tragically, the woman inside that house

Geri Hogen: Na nesreću, žena u toj kući

was violently assaulted, choked and raped

je brutalno napadnuta, zadavljena i silovana,

because this is what it means to live outside the rule of law.

jer, ovakav je život bez vladavine zakona.

And this is where billions of our poorest live.

A tu žive milijarde najsiromašnijih.

What does that look like?

Kako to izgleda?

In Bolivia, for example, if a man sexually assaults a poor child,

U Boliviji, na primer, ako muškarac seksualno napadne siromašno dete,

statistically, he's at greater risk of slipping in the shower and dying

statistički, veće su šanse da će se okliznuti pod tušem i umreti,

than he is of ever going to jail for that crime.

nego da će ikada otići u zatvor zbog svog zločina.

In South Asia, if you enslave a poor person,

U južnoj Aziji, ako porobite siromašnu osobu,

you're at greater risk of being struck by lightning

veći je rizik da će vas udariti grom,

than ever being sent to jail for that crime.

nego da ćete otići u zatvor zbog tog zločina.

And so the epidemic of everyday violence, it just rages on.

Tako da se epidemija svakodnevnog nasilja i dalje rasplamsava,

And it devastates our efforts to try to help billions of people

i uništava naše napore da pomognemo milijardama ljudi,

out of their two-dollar-a-day hell.

da se iščupaju iz pakla u kom žive sa dva dolara dnevno.

Because the data just doesn't lie.

Jer, podaci jednostavno ne lažu.

It turns out that you can give all manner of goods and services

Ispostavilo se da možete siromašnima davati svakakve donacije,

to the poor,

i usluge,

but if you don't restrain the hands of the violent bullies

ali, ako ne sprečite nasilnike

from taking it all away,

da sve to otmu,

you're going to be very disappointed in the long-term impact of your efforts.

bićete veoma razočarani dugoročnim uticajem vaših napora.

So you would think that the disintegration of basic law enforcement

Mogli biste pomisliti da je propadanje osnovne primene zakona

in the developing world would be a huge priority

u zemljama u razvoju od prioritetnog značaja

for the global fight against poverty.

za globalnu borbu protiv siromaštva.

But it's not.

Ali nije.

Auditors of international assistance recently couldn't find

Islednici međunarodne pomoći nedavno nisu mogli da nađu

even one percent of aid going to protect the poor

ni jedan procenat pomoći koji odlazi za zaštitu siromašnih

from the lawless chaos of everyday violence.

od bezakonitog haosa svakodnevnog nasilja.

And honestly, when we do talk about violence against the poor,

Iskreno, kada govorimo o nasilju nad siromašnima,

sometimes it's in the weirdest of ways.

ponekad govorimo na najčudniji način.

A fresh water organization tells a heart-wrenching story

Organizacija za svežu vodu priča srceparajuću priču

of girls who are raped on the way to fetching water,

o devojčicama koje su silovane na putu do vode,

and then celebrates the solution of a new well

a onda slave to što su našli rešenje - novi bunar,

that drastically shortens their walk.

koji bi drastično smanjio taj put.

End of story.

Kraj priče.

But not a word about the rapists who are still right there in the community.

Ali nema ni reči o silovateljima, koji su još uvek u toj zajednici.

If a young woman on one of our college campuses

Kada bi neka mlada žena u nekom od univerzitetskih kompleksa

was raped on her walk to the library,

bila silovana na putu do biblioteke,

we would never celebrate the solution of moving the library closer to the dorm.

nikada ne bismo slavili rešenje da premestimo biblioteku

bliže studentskom domu.

And yet, for some reason, this is okay for poor people.

Ali iz nekog razloga, to je u redu, kada su siromašni u pitanju.

Now the truth is, the traditional experts

Istina je da tradicionalni stručnjaci

in economic development and poverty alleviation,

za ekonomski razvoj i sprečavanje siromaštva,

they don't know how to fix this problem.

ne znaju kako da reše ovaj problem.

And so what happens?

I šta se dešava?

They don't talk about it.

Ne govore o tome.

But the more fundamental reason

Međutim, osnovni razlog

that law enforcement for the poor in the developing world

što je primena zakona za siromašne u zemljama u razvoju

is so neglected,

toliko zanemarena,

is because the people inside the developing world, with money,

je taj što ljudima u zemljama u razvoju koji imaju novac

don't need it.

primena zakona nije potrebna.

I was at the World Economic Forum not long ago

Nedavno sam bio na Svetskom ekonomskom forumu

talking to corporate executives who have massive businesses in the developing world

i razgovarao sa korporativnim direktorima

koji imaju ogromne biznise u zemljama u razvoju,

and I was just asking them,

i samo ih pitao:

"How do you guys protect all your people and property from all the violence?"

"Kako vi štitite svoje ljude i imovinu od svog tog nasilja?"

And they looked at each other, and they said, practically in unison,

Oni su se pogledali i odgovorili gotovo istovremeno:

"We buy it."

"Kupimo ga."

Indeed, private security forces in the developing world

Zaista, privatne snage bezbednosti u zemljama u razvoju

are now, four, five and seven times larger than the public police force.

su sada četiri, pet, i sedam puta veće od javnih policijskih snaga.

In Africa, the largest employer on the continent now is private security.

U Africi danas, najveći poslodavac na kontinentu

se bavi privatnim obezbeđenjem.

But see, the rich can pay for safety and can keep getting richer,

Ali vidite, bogati mogu da plate bezbednost i nastave da se bogate,

but the poor can't pay for it and they're left totally unprotected

a siromašni ne mogu to da priušte i ostaju potpuno nezaštićeni,

and they keep getting thrown to the ground.

i nastavljaju da ih maltretiraju.

This is a massive and scandalous outrage.

Ovo je ogromno i skandalozno nasilje.

And it doesn't have to be this way.

Ali ne mora biti tako.

Broken law enforcement can be fixed.

Nefunkcionalna primena zakona se mora popraviti.

Violence can be stopped.

Nasilje se može zaustaviti.

Almost all criminal justice systems,

Skoro svi sistemi krivičnog pravosuđa

they start out broken and corrupt,

su u početku nefunkcionalni i korumpirani,

but they can be transformed by fierce effort and commitment.

ali mogu se transformisati snažnim naporima i posvećenošću.

The path forward is really pretty clear.

Put napretka je prilično jasan.

Number one: We have to start making

Pod jedan: moramo učiniti

stopping violence indispensable to the fight against poverty.

da zaustavljanje nasilja postane nužno u borbi protiv siromaštva.

In fact, any conversation about global poverty

Zapravo, bilo koji razgovor o globalnom siromaštvu

that doesn't include the problem of violence must be deemed not serious.

koji se ne bavi problemom nasilja, mora se odbaciti kao neozbiljan.

And secondly, we have to begin to seriously invest resources

Drugo, moramo ozbiljno početi da ulažemo sredstva

and share expertise to support the developing world

i stručnost, da bismo podržali zemlje u razvoju,

as they fashion new, public systems of justice,

dok ne stvore nove, javne pravosudne sisteme,

not private security,

a ne privatnu bezbednost,

that give everybody a chance to be safe.

koji bi svima pružili šansu da budu sigurni.

These transformations are actually possible

Ove promene su zaista moguće

and they're happening today.

i dešavaju se danas.

Recently, the Gates Foundation funded a project

Nedavno je Fondacija Gejts finansirala projekat

in the second largest city of the Philippines,

u gradu na Filipinima, drugom po veličini,

where local advocates and local law enforcement

gde su lokalni zastupnici i lokalna policija

were able to transform corrupt police and broken courts so drastically,

uspeli da promene korumpiranu policiju i nefunkcionalne sudove, tako drastično,

that in just four short years,

da su za samo četiri godine

they were able to measurably reduce

uspeli značajno da smanje

the commercial sexual violence against poor kids by 79 percent.

komercijalizovano seksualno nasilje nad siromašnom decom, za 79 procenata.

You know, from the hindsight of history,

Znate, kada pogledamo nazad kroz istoriju,

what's always most inexplicable and inexcusable

ono što je uvek bilo najteže objasniti i ono što je neoprostivo,

are the simple failures of compassion.

su jednostavni neuspesi saosećanja.

Because I think history convenes a tribunal of our grandchildren

Jer, smatram da istorija saziva sud sastavljen od naših unuka,

and they just ask us,

a oni nas jednostavno pitaju:

"Grandma, Grandpa, where were you?

"Bako, deko, gde ste bili?

Where were you, Grandpa, when the Jews were fleeing Nazi Germany

Deko, gde si ti bio kada su Jevreji bežali iz nacističke Nemačke

and were being rejected from our shores?

i bili oterani sa naših obala?

Where were you?

Gde si ti bio?

And Grandma, where were you when they were marching

A ti bako, gde si bila kada su slali

our Japanese-American neighbors off to internment camps?

naše japansko-američke susede u kampove za interniranje?

And Grandpa, where were you when they were beating

Deko, gde si ti bio kada su tukli

our African-American neighbors

naše susede tamne puti

just because they were trying to register to vote?"

samo zato što su pokušavali da se prijave za glasanje?"

Likewise, when our grandchildren ask us,

Takođe, kada nas unuci pitaju:

"Grandma, Grandpa, where were you

"Bako, deko, gde ste bili

when two billion of the world's poorest were drowning in a lawless chaos

kada se dve milijarde najsiromašnijih na svetu

davilo u haosu bezakonja

of everyday violence?"

svakodnevnog nasilja?"

I hope we can say that we had compassion, that we raised our voice,

Nadam se da ćemo moći da kažemo da smo imali saosećanja,

da smo imali uticaja,

and as a generation, we were moved to make the violence stop.

i da smo, kao generacija, bili motivisani da zaustavimo nasilje.

Thank you very much.

Hvala vam puno.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

Chris Anderson: Really powerfully argued.

Kris Anderson: Veoma moćno izlaganje.

Talk to us a bit about some of the things

Recite nam nešto o stvarima

that have actually been happening to, for example, boost police training.

koje se stvarno dešavaju, na primer, tokom pojačane dodatne policijske obuke.

How hard a process is that?

Koliko je taj proces težak?

GH: Well, one of the glorious things that's starting to happen now

GH: Pa, jedna od divnih stvari, koje su počele da se dešavaju,

is that the collapse of these systems and the consequences are becoming obvious.

je ta, da kolaps ovih sistema i posledice toga postaju očigledne.

There's actually, now, political will to do that.

Sada postoji i politička volja da se to uradi.

But it just requires now an investment of resources and transfer of expertise.

Ali sada to zahteva ulaganje sredstava i primenu stručnosti.

There's a political will struggle that's going to take place as well,

Tu su i borbe političke volje, koje će se takođe dešavati,

but those are winnable fights,

ali to su borbe koje se mogu dobiti,

because we've done some examples around the world

jer imamo takve primere širom sveta

at International Justice Mission that are very encouraging.

na Međunarodnoj misiji pravde, koji su veoma ohrabrujući.

CA: So just tell us in one country, how much it costs

KA: Reci nam samo, koliko jednu državu košta,

to make a material difference to police, for example --

na primer da se materijalno stanje u policiji promeni?

I know that's only one piece of it.

Znam da je to samo jedan deo.

GH: In Guatemala, for instance, we've started a project there

GH: U Gvatemali, na primer, započeli smo projekat

with the local police and court system, prosecutors,

s lokalnom policijom, sudskim sistemom i tužiocima,

to retrain them so that they can actually effectively bring these cases.

da ih dodatno obučimo, kako bi zapravo

mogli efektno da se bave ovim slučajevima.

And we've seen prosecutions against perpetrators of sexual violence

Videli smo da se broj tužbi protiv počinilaca seksualnih zločina,

increase by more than 1,000 percent.

povećao za više od 1000 posto.

This project has been very modestly funded at about a million dollars a year,

Ovaj projekat je skromno finansiran sa oko milion dolara godišnje,

and the kind of bang you can get for your buck

a vidite kakav rezultat se može dobiti za taj novac,

in terms of leveraging a criminal justice system

kada je u pitanju podsticanje sistema krivičnog pravosuđa,

that could function if it were properly trained and motivated and led,

koje može da funkcioniše ako je obučeno, motivisano i rukovođeno kako treba,

and these countries, especially a middle class

i te države, pogotovo srednji stalež,

that is seeing that there's really no future

koji vide da nema budućnosti

with this total instability and total privatization of security

zbog potpune nestabilnosti i privatizacije bezbednosti,

I think there's an opportunity, a window for change.

smatram da postoji mogućnost, prostor za promene.

CA: But to make this happen, you have to look at each part in the chain --

KA: Ali, da bi do toga došlo, morate se baviti svakom karikom u lancu

the police, who else?

- policija, ko još?

GH: So that's the thing about law enforcement,

GH: To je tako kod sprovođenja zakona,

it starts out with the police,

počinje s policijom,

they're the front end of the pipeline of justice,

oni su čeoni program policijskog sistema

but they hand if off to the prosecutors,

ali oni to prosleđuju tužiocima,

and the prosecutors hand it off to the courts,

a tužioci sudovima,

and the survivors of violence have to be supported by social services

a one koji preživljavaju nasilje moraju podržavati socijalne službe,

all the way through that.

kroz čitav proces.

So you have to do an approach that pulls that all together.

Tako da se mora imati pristup koji sve to udružuje.

In the past, there's been a little bit of training of the courts,

U prošlosti, bilo je malo obuke sudova,

but they get crappy evidence from the police,

ali oni dobijaju loše dokaze od policije

or a little police intervention that has to do with narcotics or terrorism

ili neke policijske intervencije koje se bave narkoticima ili terorizmom

but nothing to do with treating the common poor person

ali ničim što bi se bavilo običnim siromašnim ljudima,

with excellent law enforcement,

uz odlično sprovođenje zakona,

so it's about pulling that all together,

tako da je u suštini, bitno da se sve to integriše,

and you can actually have people in very poor communities

i ljudi u veoma siromašnim zajednicama

experience law enforcement like us,

bi mogli iskusiti sprovođenje zakona poput nas,

which is imperfect in our own experience, for sure,

što zasigurno nije savršeno, iz našeg ličnog iskustva,

but boy, is it a great thing to sense that you can call 911

ali, sjajan li je osećaj da možeš pozvati 911

and maybe someone will protect you.

i da će te neko možda zaštititi.

CA: Gary, I think you've done a spectacular job

KA: Geri, mislim da si obavio izvanredan posao

of bringing this to the world's attention

time što si svetu skrenuo pažnju na ovo,

in your book and right here today.

u svojoj knjizi, a i ovde.

Thanks so much.

Puno ti hvala.

Gary Haugen.

Geri Hogen.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)