Gary Haugen: The hidden reason for poverty the world needs to address now

Prevoditelj: Stjepan Mateljan Recezent: Ivan Stamenković

To be honest, by personality,

Iskreno, po osobnosti

I'm just not much of a crier.

baš i ne plačem.

But I think in my career that's been a good thing.

Ali mislim kako mi je to u karijeri bila dobra stvar.

I'm a civil rights lawyer,

Ja sam odvjetnik za građanska prava ,

and I've seen some horrible things in the world.

i vidio sam neke užasne stvari po svijetu.

I began my career working police abuse cases in the United States.

Počeo sam karijeru radeći na slučajevima policijske zloporabe u Sjedinjenim državama.

And then in 1994, I was sent to Rwanda

A onda sam 1994. poslan u Ruandu

to be the director of the U.N.'s genocide investigation.

kako bih bio voditelj UN-ove istrage genocida.

It turns out that tears just aren't much help

Ispada kako suze baš i nisu neka pomoć

when you're trying to investigate a genocide.

kada pokušavate istražiti genocid.

The things I had to see, and feel and touch

Stvari koje sam morao vidjeti, i osjetiti i dodirnuti

were pretty unspeakable.

su bile poprilično neizrecive.

What I can tell you is this:

Što vam mogu reći je slijedeće:

that the Rwandan genocide

kako je genocid u Ruandi

was one of the world's greatest failures of simple compassion.

bio jedan od svjetskih najvećih neuspjeha jednostavnog suosjećanja.

That word, compassion, actually comes from two Latin words:

Ta riječ, suosjećanje (compassion)m zapravo dolazi od dvoje latinske riječi:

cum passio, which simply mean "to suffer with."

cum passio, što jednostavno znači "patiti sa."

And the things that I saw and experienced

A stvari koje sam vidio i iskusio

in Rwanda as I got up close to human suffering,

u Ruandi kad sam se približio ljudskoj patnji,

it did, in moments, move me to tears.

zbilja me, na trenutke, dovelo do suza.

But I just wish that I, and the rest of the world,

Ali samo želi da sam se, i ostatak svijeta,

had been moved earlier.

pokrenuo ranije.

And not just to tears,

I ne samo do suza,

but to actually stop the genocide.

nego da zapravo zaustavimo genocid.

Now by contrast, I've also been involved

Za kontrast, također sam bio uključen

with one of the world's greatest successes of compassion.

u jedan od svjetskih najvećih uspjeha suosjećanja.

And that's the fight against global poverty.

A to je borba protiv globalnog siromaštva.

It's a cause that probably has involved all of us here.

To je zadatak u koji smo vjerojatno uključeni svi ovdje.

I don't know if your first introduction

Ne znam je li vaše prvo upoznavanje

might have been choruses of "We Are the World,"

moglo biti kroz napjeve "We Are the World",

or maybe the picture of a sponsored child on your refrigerator door,

ili je to možda bila slika djeteta kojem ste pokrovitelj na vratima vašeg frižidera,

or maybe the birthday you donated for fresh water.

ili možda rođendan kad ste donirali za svježu vodu.

I don't really remember what my first introduction to poverty was

Ne znam zapravo koje je bilo moje prvo upoznavanje sa siromaštvom

but I do remember the most jarring.

ali pamtim najneskladniji susret.

It was when I met Venus --

Bilo je to upoznavanje sa Venus --

she's a mom from Zambia.

ona je mama iz Zambije.

She's got three kids and she's a widow.

Ima troje djece i udovica je.

When I met her, she had walked about 12 miles

Kad sam je upoznao, prehodala je oko 12 milja

in the only garments she owned,

u jedinoj odjeći koju ima,

to come to the capital city and to share her story.

da dođe u glavni grad i podijeli svoju priču.

She sat down with me for hours,

Sjedila je sa mnom satima,

just ushered me in to the world of poverty.

samo me uvodeći u svijet siromaštva.

She described what it was like when the coals on the cooking fire

Opisala je kako je to bilo kad je ugljen u vatri za kuhanje

finally just went completely cold.

konačno postao posve hladan.

When that last drop of cooking oil finally ran out.

Kad je zadnja kap ulja za kuhanje konačno istekla.

When the last of the food, despite her best efforts,

Kad je zadnja hrana, unatoč njezinom velikom trudu,

ran out.

konačno nestala.

She had to watch her youngest son, Peter,

Morala je gledati kako njen najmlađi sin, Peter,

suffer from malnutrition,

pati od pothranjenosti,

as his legs just slowly bowed into uselessness.

dok su mu se noge polako svijale u beskorisnost.

As his eyes grew cloudy and dim.

Dok su mu oči postajale mutne i prazne.

And then as Peter finally grew cold.

A potom kako je Peter konačno postao hladan.

For over 50 years, stories like this have been moving us to compassion.

Kroz preko 50 godina, priče poput ove poticale su nas na suosjećanje.

We whose kids have plenty to eat.

Nas čija djeca imaju što za jesti.

And we're moved not only to care about global poverty,

Potiče nas se ne samo da marimo za globalno siromaštvo,

but to actually try to do our part to stop the suffering.

nego da zapravo pokušamo dati doprinos za prekid patnje.

Now there's plenty of room for critique that we haven't done enough,

Ima obilje prostora za kritiku kako nismo učinili dovoljno,

and what it is that we've done hasn't been effective enough,

a kako ono što jesmo učinili nije bilo dovoljno učinkovito,

but the truth is this:

ali istina je ovo:

The fight against global poverty is probably the broadest,

borba protiv globalnog siromaštva je vjerojatno najšire,

longest running manifestation of the human phenomenon of compassion

najdulje ispoljenje ljudske pojave suosjećanja

in the history of our species.

u posvijesti naše vrste.

And so I'd like to share a pretty shattering insight

Pa bih volio podijeliti poprilično šokantan uvid

that might forever change the way you think about that struggle.

koji može zauvijek promijeniti način na koji razmišljate o toj borbi.

But first, let me begin with what you probably already know.

Ali prvo, dajte da počnem s onim što vjerojatno već znate.

Thirty-five years ago, when I would have been graduating from high school,

Prije trideset i pet godina, kada bih bio maturirao u srednjoj školi,

they told us that 40,000 kids every day died because of poverty.

rekli su nam kako 40.000 djece umire svaki dan uslijed siromaštva.

That number, today, is now down to 17,000.

Taj je broj, danas, smanjen na 17.000.

Way too many, of course,

Puno previše, naravno,

but it does mean that every year,

Ali to znači kako svake godine,

there's eight million kids who don't have to die from poverty.

postoji osam milijuna djece koja ne moraju umrijeti radi siromaštva.

Moreover, the number of people in our world

Nadalje, broj ljudi u našem svijetu

who are living in extreme poverty,

koji žive u krajnjem siromaštvu

which is defined as living off about a dollar and a quarter a day,

koji je definiran kao život od otprilike dolara i četvrt dnevno

that has fallen from 50 percent,

taj je pao sa 50 posto

to only 15 percent.

na samo 15 posto.

This is massive progress,

To je velik napredak,

and this exceeds everybody's expectations about what is possible.

i to premašuje svačije pretpostavke o tome što je moguće.

And I think you and I,

I ja mislim kako vi i ja,

I think, honestly, that we can feel proud and encouraged

mislim, iskreno, kako se možemo osjećati ponosno i ohrabreno

to see the way that compassion actually has the power

kad vidimo način na koji suosjećanje zapravo ima moć

to succeed in stopping the suffering of millions.

Da uspije u zaustavljanju patnje brojnih milijuna.

But here's the part that you might not hear very much about.

Ali evo dijela o kojem možda i niste čuli toliko.

If you move that poverty mark just up to two dollars a day,

Ako podignete liniju siromaštva samo na dva dolara dnevno,

it turns out that virtually the same two billion people

ispada da su prividno istih dvije milijarde ljudi

who were stuck in that harsh poverty when I was in high school,

koji su bili zarobljeni u grubom siromaštvu kad sam bio u srednjoj školi,

are still stuck there,

i dalje ovdje,

35 years later.

35 godina kasnije.

So why, why are so many billions still stuck in such harsh poverty?

Pa zašto, zašto je toliko milijardi i dalje zarobljenih u takvom grubom siromaštvu?

Well, let's think about Venus for a moment.

Pa, razmislimo o Venus na trenutak.

Now for decades, my wife and I have been moved by common compassion

Kroz desetljeća smo moja žena i ja bili potaknuti najobičnijim suosjećanjem

to sponsor kids, to fund microloans,

da budemo pokrovitelji djeci, da financiramo mikro kredite,

to support generous levels of foreign aid.

da podržavamo izdašne razine međunarodne pomoći.

But until I had actually talked to Venus,

Ali zapravo sve do kad nisam pričao s Venus,

I would have had no idea that none of those approaches

nisam imao ideju kako nijedan od tih pristupa

actually addressed why she had to watch her son die.

zapravo ne rješava to zašto je ona morala gledati smrt svoga sina.

"We were doing fine," Venus told me,

"Bilo nam je dobro," rekla mi je Venus,

"until Brutus started to cause trouble."

"dok nam Brutus nije počeo činiti nevolje"

Now, Brutus is Venus' neighbor and "cause trouble"

Sad, Brutus je Venusin susjed a "činiti nevolje"

is what happened the day after Venus' husband died,

je ono što se dogodilo dan nakon što je Venusin muž umro,

when Brutus just came and threw Venus and the kids out of the house,

kad je Brutus samo došao i izbacio Venus i djecu iz kuće,

stole all their land, and robbed their market stall.

ukrao im svu zemlji, te im opljačkao tezgu.

You see, Venus was thrown into destitution by violence.

Vidite, Venus je u bijedu bacilo nasilje.

And then it occurred to me, of course,

A tad mi je sinulo, naravno,

that none of my child sponsorships, none of the microloans,

kako nijedno od mojih dječjih pokroviteljstava, nijedan mikrokredit,

none of the traditional anti-poverty programs

nijedan od tradicionalnih programa protiv siromaštva

were going to stop Brutus,

neće zaustaviti Brutusa,

because they weren't meant to.

jer tako nisu niti zamišljeni.

This became even more clear to me when I met Griselda.

To mi je postalo još jasnije kad sam sreo Griseldu.

She's a marvelous young girl living in a very poor community

Ona je čudesna mlada djevojka koja živi u siromašnoj zajednici

in Guatemala.

u Gvatemali.

And one of the things we've learned over the years

A jedna je od stvari koje smo naučili tijekom godina

is that perhaps the most powerful thing

kako je možda najmoćnija stvar

that Griselda and her family can do

koju Griselda i njena obitelj mogu učiniti

to get Griselda and her family out of poverty

da izvedu Griseldu i njenu obitelj iz siromaštva

is to make sure that she goes to school.

je osigurati da ona ide u školu.

The experts call this the Girl Effect.

Stručnjaci to zovu Učinak djevojke.

But when we met Griselda, she wasn't going to school.

Ali kad smo upoznali Griseldu, ona nije išla u školu.

In fact, she was rarely ever leaving her home.

Zapravo, rijetko je kada uopće napuštala svoj dom.

Days before we met her,

Koji dan prije nego što smo je sreli,

while she was walking home from church with her family,

dok je hodala doma iz crkve sa svojom obitelji,

in broad daylight,

usred bijela dana,

men from her community just snatched her off the street,

ljudi iz njene zajednice su je samo zgrabili sa ulice,

and violently raped her.

i nasilno ju silovali.

See, Griselda had every opportunity to go to school,

Vidite, Griselda je imala svaku priliku da ide u školu,

it just wasn't safe for her to get there.

samo za nju nije bilo sigurno doći do nje.

And Griselda's not the only one.

A Griselda nije jedina.

Around the world, poor women and girls

Širom svijeta, siromašne žene i djevojke

between the ages of 15 and 44,

dobi od 15 od 44,

they are -- when victims of the everyday violence

one su -- kad su žrtve svakodnevnog nasilja

of domestic abuse and sexual violence --

zlostavljanja u obitelji i spolnog nasilja --

those two forms of violence account for more death and disability

ta dva oblika nasilja bilježe više smrti i invaliditeta

than malaria, than car accidents, than war combined.

nego malarija, nego automobilske nesreće, nego rat zajedno.

The truth is, the poor of our world are trapped in whole systems of violence.

Istina je kako su siromašni našeg svijeta zarobljeni u cijelim sustavima nasilja.

In South Asia, for instance, I could drive past this rice mill

U južnoj Aziji, na primjer, mogu se provozati pored mlina za rižu

and see this man hoisting these 100-pound sacks

i vidjeti čovjeka kako diže vreće od 50 kilograma riže

of rice upon his thin back.

na svoja tanka leđa.

But I would have no idea, until later,

Ali neću imati pojma, do kasnije,

that he was actually a slave,

kako je on zapravo rob,

held by violence in that rice mill since I was in high school.

Držan nasiljem u tom mlinu za rižu još otkad sam bio u srednjoj školi.

Decades of anti-poverty programs right in his community

Desetljeća programa protiv siromaštva upravo u njegovoj zajednici

were never able to rescue him or any of the hundred other slaves

nikad nisu bila u stanju spasiti ga, niti ikojeg od stotinu drugih robova

from the beatings and the rapes and the torture

od batina i silovanja i mučenja

of violence inside the rice mill.

nasilja unutar mlina za rižu.

In fact, half a century of anti-poverty programs

Zapravo, pola stoljeća programa protiv siromaštva

have left more poor people in slavery

je ostavilo više siromašnih ljudi u ropstvu

than in any other time in human history.

nego u bilo koje doba tijekom povijesti.

Experts tell us that there's about 35 million people in slavery today.

Stručnjaci nam kažu kako je danas oko 35 milijuna ljudi u ropstvu.

That's about the population of the entire nation of Canada,

To je približno stanovništvu cijele nacije Kanade,

where we're sitting today.

gdje sjedimo danas.

This is why, over time, I have come to call this epidemic of violence

Eto zašto sam, tijekom vremena, ovu epidemiju nasilja nazvao

the Locust Effect.

Učinak skakavca selca.

Because in the lives of the poor, it just descends like a plague

Stoga što u životima siromašnih, spušta se poput kuge

and it destroys everything.

i sve uništava.

In fact, now when you survey very, very poor communities,

Zapravo, kad ispitujete vrlo, vrlo siromašne zajednice,

residents will tell you that their greatest fear is violence.

stanovnici će vam reći kako im je najveći strah nasilje.

But notice the violence that they fear

Ali primjetite kako nasilje kojeg se boje

is not the violence of genocide or the wars,

nije nasilje genocida ili ratova,

it's everyday violence.

već svakodnevno nasilje.

So for me, as a lawyer, of course, my first reaction was to think,

Za mene je, kao odvjetnika, naravno, prva reakcija bila razmišljati,

well, of course we've got to change all the laws.

dobro, naravno moramo promijeniti sve zakone.

We've got to make all this violence against the poor illegal.

Moramo učiniti svo to nasilje protiv siromašnih nezakonitim.

But then I found out, it already is.

Ali tada sam otkrio, već jest.

The problem is not that the poor don't get laws,

Problem nije kako siromašni nemaju zakone,

it's that they don't get law enforcement.

već kako nemaju provedbu zakona.

In the developing world,

U zemljama u razvoju,

basic law enforcement systems are so broken

temeljno je provedba zakona tako slomljena

that recently the U.N. issued a report that found

da je UN nedavno izdao izvješće koje otkriva

that "most poor people live outside the protection of the law."

kako "najveći dio siromašnih ljudi živi izvan zaštite zakona."

Now honestly, you and I have just about no idea

Sad iskreno, vi i ja nemamo otprilike nikakvu ideju

of what that would mean

što bi to značilo

because we have no first-hand experience of it.

jer nemamo takvo iskustvo iz prve ruke.

Functioning law enforcement for us is just a total assumption.

Djelatna provedba zakona nam je totalna pretpostavka.

In fact, nothing expresses that assumption more clearly than three simple numbers:

Zapravo, ništa ne izražava tu pretpostavku jasnije nego tri jednostavna broja:

9-1-1,

9-1-1,

which, of course, is the number for the emergency police operator

što je, naravno, broj policijskog operatera za hitnu pomoć

here in Canada and in the United States,

ovdje u Kanadi i u Sjedinjenim državama,

where the average response time to a police 911 emergency call

gdje je prosječno vrijeme odziva na poziv policije kroz 911

is about 10 minutes.

oko 10 minuta.

So we take this just completely for granted.

Tako da to shvaćamo posve zdravo za gotovo.

But what if there was no law enforcement to protect you?

Ali što kad ne bi bilo provedbe zakona da vas zaštiti?

A woman in Oregon recently experienced what this would be like.

Žena u Oregonu je nedavno iskusila kako bi to bilo.

She was home alone in her dark house on a Saturday night,

Bila je sama doma u svojoj mračnoj kući u subotnjoj noći,

when a man started to tear his way into her home.

kad si je čovjek počeo trgati prolaz u njen dom.

This was her worst nightmare,

To je bila njezina najgora noćna mora,

because this man had actually put her in the hospital from an assault

jer ju je taj čovjek spremio u bolnicu uslijed napada

just two weeks before.

samo dva tjedna ranije.

So terrified, she picks up that phone and does what any of us would do:

Tako prestrašena, uzima telefon i čini ono što bi učinio svatko od nas:

She calls 911 --

zove 911 --

but only to learn that because of budget cuts in her county,

ali samo da dozna kako radi rezanja proračuna u njenom okrugu,

law enforcement wasn't available on the weekends.

provedba zakona nije raspoloživa vikendima.

Listen.

Slušajte.

Dispatcher: I don't have anybody to send out there.

Otpravnica: Nemam nikoga tamo koga bih poslala.

Woman: OK

Žena: Ok.

Dispatcher: Um, obviously if he comes inside the residence and assaults you,

Otpravnica: Um, očito ako uđe unutar prebivališta i napadne vas,

can you ask him to go away?

možete li ga upitati da ode?

Or do you know if he is intoxicated or anything?

Ili znate li ako je opijen ili nešto?

Woman: I've already asked him. I've already told him I was calling you.

Žena: Već sam ga upitala. Već sam mu rekla da vas zovem.

He's broken in before, busted down my door, assaulted me.

Provalio je i prije, razvalio mi vrata, napao me.

Dispatcher: Uh-huh.

Otpravnica: Aha.

Woman: Um, yeah, so ...

Žena: Um, da pa ...

Dispatcher: Is there any way you could safely leave the residence?

Otpravnica: Ima li ikoji način na koji bi mogli sigurno napustiti prebivalište?

Woman: No, I can't, because he's blocking pretty much my only way out.

Žena: Ne, ne mogu, jer on mi priječi otprilike jedini izlaz.

Dispatcher: Well, the only thing I can do is give you some advice,

Otpravnica: Dobro, jedina stvar koju mogu jest dati vam neke savjete,

and call the sheriff's office tomorrow.

i nazvati šerifov ured sutra.

Obviously, if he comes in and unfortunately has a weapon

Očito, ako on uđe i na nesreću ima oružje

or is trying to cause you physical harm, that's a different story.

ili vam pokuša nanijeti tjelesne ozljede, to je druga priča.

You know, the sheriff's office doesn't work up there.

Znate, šerifov ured tamo ne radi.

I don't have anybody to send."

Nemam nikoga za poslati."

Gary Haugen: Tragically, the woman inside that house

Gary Haugen: Tragično, žena iz te kuće

was violently assaulted, choked and raped

je bila nasilno napadnuta, zadavljena i silovana

because this is what it means to live outside the rule of law.

jer to je ono što znači živjeti izvan vladavine zakona.

And this is where billions of our poorest live.

A tu žive milijarde naših najsiromašnijih.

What does that look like?

Kako to izgleda?

In Bolivia, for example, if a man sexually assaults a poor child,

U Boliviji, na primjer, ako čovjek seksualno napadne siromašno dijete,

statistically, he's at greater risk of slipping in the shower and dying

statistički, viši mu je rizik smrti od pokliznuća tijekom tuširanja

than he is of ever going to jail for that crime.

nego da će ikada ići u zatvor radi tog zločina.

In South Asia, if you enslave a poor person,

U južnoj Aziji, ako podjarmite siromašnu osobu,

you're at greater risk of being struck by lightning

viši vam je rizik od pogotka munje

than ever being sent to jail for that crime.

nego da ćete ikad ići u zatvor za taj zločin.

And so the epidemic of everyday violence, it just rages on.

I tako epidemija svakodnevnog nasilja, samo divlja i dalje.

And it devastates our efforts to try to help billions of people

I uništava naše napore kako bi pokušali pomoći milijardama ljudi

out of their two-dollar-a-day hell.

izaći iz njihovog pakla od dva dolara na dan.

Because the data just doesn't lie.

Jer podaci jednostavno ne lažu.

It turns out that you can give all manner of goods and services

Ispada kako možete dati sve vrste roba i usluga

to the poor,

siromašnima,

but if you don't restrain the hands of the violent bullies

ali ako ne spriječite ruke nasilnih siledžija

from taking it all away,

da to sve oduzmu,

you're going to be very disappointed in the long-term impact of your efforts.

bit ćete vrlo razočarani s dugoročnim učinkom vašeg napora.

So you would think that the disintegration of basic law enforcement

Pa biste pomislili kako će raspadanje temeljne provedbe zakona

in the developing world would be a huge priority

u zemljama u razvoju biti ogroman prioritet

for the global fight against poverty.

u globalnoj borbi protiv siromaštva.

But it's not.

Ali nije.

Auditors of international assistance recently couldn't find

Revizori međunarodne pomoći nedavno nisu mogli naći

even one percent of aid going to protect the poor

niti jedan posto pomoći koja bi išla zaštiti siromašnih

from the lawless chaos of everyday violence.

od kaosa bezakonja svakodnevnog nasilja.

And honestly, when we do talk about violence against the poor,

A iskreno, kad i pričamo o nasilju protiv siromašnih,

sometimes it's in the weirdest of ways.

nekad je to na najčudniji način.

A fresh water organization tells a heart-wrenching story

Organizacija za svježu vodu priča srcedrapajuću priču

of girls who are raped on the way to fetching water,

o djevojkama koje su silovane na putu po vodu,

and then celebrates the solution of a new well

a tada slave rješenje kroz novi bunar

that drastically shortens their walk.

koji drastično skraćuje njihovu hodnju.

End of story.

Kraj priče.

But not a word about the rapists who are still right there in the community.

Ali niti riječ o silovateljima koji su i dalje točno tamo u toj zajednici.

If a young woman on one of our college campuses

Kad bi mlada žena na nekom od naših sveučilišnih kampusa

was raped on her walk to the library,

bila silovana na putu do knjižnice,

we would never celebrate the solution of moving the library closer to the dorm.

nikad ne bismo slavili rješenje približavanja knjižnice bliže spavaonici.

And yet, for some reason, this is okay for poor people.

A ipak, iz nekog razloga, to je u redu za siromašne ljude.

Now the truth is, the traditional experts

Sada, istina je kako tradicionalni stručnjaci

in economic development and poverty alleviation,

za gospodarski razvoj i ublažavanje siromaštva,

they don't know how to fix this problem.

ne znaju riješiti ovaj problem.

And so what happens?

I što se onda događa?

They don't talk about it.

Ne pričaju o njemu.

But the more fundamental reason

Ali temeljniji je razlog

that law enforcement for the poor in the developing world

što je provedba zakona za siromašne u zemljama u razvoju

is so neglected,

tako zanemarena,

is because the people inside the developing world, with money,

taj što ju ljudi u zemljama u razvoju, sa novcem,

don't need it.

ne trebaju.

I was at the World Economic Forum not long ago

Bio sam na Svjetskom ekonomskom forumu nedugo

talking to corporate executives who have massive businesses in the developing world

pričajući upraviteljima korporacija koji imaju krupne poslove u zemljama u razvoju

and I was just asking them,

i samo sam ih pitao,

"How do you guys protect all your people and property from all the violence?"

"Kako vi zaštitite sve svoje ljude i imovinu od svog tog nasilja?"

And they looked at each other, and they said, practically in unison,

A oni su pogledali jedni druge, i rekli, praktički jednoglasno,

"We buy it."

"Kupimo ju."

Indeed, private security forces in the developing world

Zbilja, privatne su sigurnosne snage u zemljama u razvoju

are now, four, five and seven times larger than the public police force.

sada četiri, pet i sedam puta veće od javnih policijskih snaga.

In Africa, the largest employer on the continent now is private security.

U Africi, najveći je poslodavac na kontinentu trenutno privatna sigurnost.

But see, the rich can pay for safety and can keep getting richer,

Ali vidite, bogati mogu platiti za sigurnost i mogu se i dalje bogatiti,

but the poor can't pay for it and they're left totally unprotected

ali siromašni je ne mogu platiti i ostaju posve nezaštićeni

and they keep getting thrown to the ground.

te i dalje ostaju bacani po zemlji.

This is a massive and scandalous outrage.

To je krupna i skandalozna sramota.

And it doesn't have to be this way.

A to ne mora biti tako.

Broken law enforcement can be fixed.

Slomljena provedba zakona može biti popravljena.

Violence can be stopped.

Nasilje može biti zaustavljeno.

Almost all criminal justice systems,

Gotovo svi kaznenopravni sustavi,

they start out broken and corrupt,

počinju slomljeni i pokvareni,

but they can be transformed by fierce effort and commitment.

ali mogu biti preobraženi kroz žestok trud i zalaganje.

The path forward is really pretty clear.

Put naprijed je zapravo prilično jasan.

Number one: We have to start making

Broj jedan: moramo početi smatrati

stopping violence indispensable to the fight against poverty.

zaustavljanje nasilja neophodnim dijelom borbe protiv siromaštva.

In fact, any conversation about global poverty

Zapravo, bilo koja rasprava o globalnom siromaštvu

that doesn't include the problem of violence must be deemed not serious.

koja ne uključuje problem nasilja se mora smatrati neozbiljnom.

And secondly, we have to begin to seriously invest resources

I drugo, moramo početi ozbiljno ulagati resurse

and share expertise to support the developing world

i dijeliti stručnost kako bi podržali zemlje u razvoju

as they fashion new, public systems of justice,

dok oblikuju nove, javne sustave pravde,

not private security,

ne privatne sigurnosti,

that give everybody a chance to be safe.

koji daju svima priliku da budu sigurni.

These transformations are actually possible

Ove su preobrazbe zbilja moguće

and they're happening today.

i događaju se danas.

Recently, the Gates Foundation funded a project

Nedavno, Zaklada Gates je financirala projekt

in the second largest city of the Philippines,

u drugom najvećem gradu Filipina,

where local advocates and local law enforcement

gdje su mjesni odvjetnici i mjesni provoditelji zakona

were able to transform corrupt police and broken courts so drastically,

bili u stanju tako drastično preobraziti pokvarenu policiju i slomljeno sudstvo,

that in just four short years,

da su u samo četiri kratke godine,

they were able to measurably reduce

bili u stanju mjerljivo smanjiti

the commercial sexual violence against poor kids by 79 percent.

komercijalno seksualno nasilje protiv siromašne djece za 79 posto.

You know, from the hindsight of history,

Znate, gledajući unazad u povijest,

what's always most inexplicable and inexcusable

što je uvijek najviše neobjašnjivo i neoprostivo

are the simple failures of compassion.

su jednostavni neuspjesi suosjećanja.

Because I think history convenes a tribunal of our grandchildren

Jer vjerujem kako povijest saziva sud naših unuka

and they just ask us,

a oni nas samo pitaju:

"Grandma, Grandpa, where were you?

"Bako, djede, gdje ste bili?

Where were you, Grandpa, when the Jews were fleeing Nazi Germany

Gdje si bio, djede, kad su Židovi bježali iz nacističke Njemačke

and were being rejected from our shores?

te bili odbijeni od naših obala ?

Where were you?

Gdje si bio?

And Grandma, where were you when they were marching

I bako, gdje si bila kad su sproveli

our Japanese-American neighbors off to internment camps?

naše japansko-američke susjede u internacijske logore?

And Grandpa, where were you when they were beating

I djede, gdje si bio kad su tukli

our African-American neighbors

naše afro-američke susjede

just because they were trying to register to vote?"

samo stoga što su se pokušavali prijaviti kao glasači?"

Likewise, when our grandchildren ask us,

Isto tako, kada naši unuci pitaju nas:

"Grandma, Grandpa, where were you

"Bako, djede, gdje ste bili

when two billion of the world's poorest were drowning in a lawless chaos

kad se dvije milijarde najsiromašnijih na svijetu utapalo u kaosu bezakonja

of everyday violence?"

svakodnevnog nasilja?"

I hope we can say that we had compassion, that we raised our voice,

Nadam se kako ćemo moći reći da smo imali suosjećanje, da smo podigli glas,

and as a generation, we were moved to make the violence stop.

i kao generacija, bili potaknuti da učinimo da to nasilje stane.

Thank you very much.

Hvala vam puno.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

Chris Anderson: Really powerfully argued.

Chris Anderson: Vrlo moćan zagovor.

Talk to us a bit about some of the things

Pričaj nam malo o nekim stvarima

that have actually been happening to, for example, boost police training.

koje su se događale kako bi se, na primjer, pojačala policijska obuka.

How hard a process is that?

Koliko je to težak proces?

GH: Well, one of the glorious things that's starting to happen now

GH: Dobro, jedna od dičnih stvari koje su se sada počele događati

is that the collapse of these systems and the consequences are becoming obvious.

je kako kolaps tih sustava i posljedice postaju očiti.

There's actually, now, political will to do that.

Postoji, sada, politička volja da se to učini.

But it just requires now an investment of resources and transfer of expertise.

Ali to sada samo traži ulaganje resursa i prijenos stručnosti.

There's a political will struggle that's going to take place as well,

Postoji sukob političkih volja do kojeg također mora doći,

but those are winnable fights,

ali to su pobjedive borbe,

because we've done some examples around the world

jer smo napravili neke primjere širom svijeta

at International Justice Mission that are very encouraging.

pri Međunarodnoj misiji pravde koji su vrlo ohrabrujući.

CA: So just tell us in one country, how much it costs

CA: Pa samo nam reci, u jednoj zemlji, koliko košta

to make a material difference to police, for example --

da se napravi materijalna razlika za policiju, na primjer --

I know that's only one piece of it.

znam da je to samo jedan dio toga.

GH: In Guatemala, for instance, we've started a project there

GH: U Guatemali, na primjer, tamo smo počeli program

with the local police and court system, prosecutors,

s mjesnom policijom i pravosudnim sustavom, tužiteljstvom,

to retrain them so that they can actually effectively bring these cases.

da bismo ih uvježbali kako bi mogli zbilja učinkovito rješavati te slučajeve.

And we've seen prosecutions against perpetrators of sexual violence

I vidjeli smo kako je progon izvršitelja seksualnog nasilja

increase by more than 1,000 percent.

narastao za više od 1000 posto.

This project has been very modestly funded at about a million dollars a year,

Taj je projekt bio vrlo skromno financiran sa oko milijun dolara godišnje,

and the kind of bang you can get for your buck

i tip učinka koji možete dobiti za svoj novac

in terms of leveraging a criminal justice system

u pogledu poticaja kaznenopravnom sustavu

that could function if it were properly trained and motivated and led,

koji može funkcionirati kad bi bio ispravno uvježban i motiviran i vođen,

and these countries, especially a middle class

a te zemlje, pogotovo srednji sloj

that is seeing that there's really no future

koji vidi kako zbilja nema budućnosti

with this total instability and total privatization of security

s tom potpunom nestabilnosti i potpunom privatizacijom sigurnosti

I think there's an opportunity, a window for change.

mislim kako je to prilika, prozor za promjenu.

CA: But to make this happen, you have to look at each part in the chain --

CA: Ali za učiniti da se to zbilja dogodi, morate gledati u svaku kariku lanca --

the police, who else?

policiju, koga još?

GH: So that's the thing about law enforcement,

GH: Dakle to je stvar oko provedbe zakona,

it starts out with the police,

počinje sa policijom,

they're the front end of the pipeline of justice,

oni su prednji dio cjevovoda pravde,

but they hand if off to the prosecutors,

ali oni predaju stvar tužiocima,

and the prosecutors hand it off to the courts,

a tužioci predaju sudovima,

and the survivors of violence have to be supported by social services

a žrtve nasilje trebaju biti podržane socijalnom službom

all the way through that.

kroz sav taj put.

So you have to do an approach that pulls that all together.

Tako da trebate imati pristup koji sve to objedinjuje.

In the past, there's been a little bit of training of the courts,

U prošlosti, čak je i bilo nešto malo vježbe u sudstvu,

but they get crappy evidence from the police,

ali dobiju loše dokaze od policije,

or a little police intervention that has to do with narcotics or terrorism

ili malena policijska intervencija koja ima veze s narkoticima ili terorizmom

but nothing to do with treating the common poor person

ali nikakve sa pružanjem običnoj siromašnoj osobi

with excellent law enforcement,

odlične provedbe zakona,

so it's about pulling that all together,

tako da je stvar u objedinjavanju svega toga,

and you can actually have people in very poor communities

i zbilja možete imati ljude u vrlo siromašnim zajednicama

experience law enforcement like us,

sa iskustvom provedbe zakona sličnom našem,

which is imperfect in our own experience, for sure,

koje nije savršeno niti u našem iskustvu, naravno,

but boy, is it a great thing to sense that you can call 911

ali čovječe, kako je dobar osjećaj znati da možeš nazvati 911

and maybe someone will protect you.

te će te netko valjda zaštititi.

CA: Gary, I think you've done a spectacular job

CA: Gary, mislim da si napravio spektakularan posao

of bringing this to the world's attention

skretanja svjetske pažnje na ovo

in your book and right here today.

u svojoj knjizi i upravo ovdje danas.

Thanks so much.

Hvala ti puno.

Gary Haugen.

Gary Haugen.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)