Shukla Bose: Teaching one child at a time

Prevodilac: Ivana Korom Lektor: Sandra Gojic

I'm standing in front of you today

Stojim pred vama danas

in all humility,

ponizna,

wanting to share with you

želim da podelim sa vama

my journey of the last six years

moj put u poslednjih šest godina,

in the field of service

na polju službe

and education.

i obrazovanja.

And I'm not a trained academic.

Ja nisam visoko obrazovana.

Neither am I a veteran social worker.

Niti sam socijalni radnik sa puno iskustva.

I was 26 years in the corporate world,

26 godina sam bila u korporativnom svetu,

trying to make organizations profitable.

pokušavala da organizacije učinim unosnim.

And then in 2003

A onda sam 2003. godine

I started Parikrma Humanity Foundation

osnovala Parikrma Humanity fondaciju

from my kitchen table.

za svojim kuhinjskim stolom.

The first thing that we did was walk through the slums.

Prva stvar koju smo uradili bila je šetnja kroz slamove.

You know, by the way, there are two million people

Inače, u Bangaloru ima dva miliona ljudi

in Bangalore, who live in 800 slums.

koji žive u 800 slamova.

We couldn't go to all the slums,

Nismo ih mogli sve obići,

but we tried to cover as much as we could.

ali trudili smo se da pokrijemo što smo više mogli.

We walked through these slums,

Šetali smo kroz te slamove

identified houses where children would never go to school.

i obeležavali kuće u kojima su deca koja nikada neće ići u školu.

We talked to the parents,

Razgovarali smo sa roditeljima,

tried to convince them about sending their children to school.

pokušavali da ih ubedimo da pošalju svoju decu u školu.

We played with the children,

Igrali smo se sa decom,

and came back home really tired,

vraćali se kući zaista umorni,

exhausted, but with images

premoreni, ali sa slikama

of bright faces, twinkling eyes,

vedrih lica, treptavih okica,

and went to sleep.

i zaspali bismo.

We were all excited to start,

Svi smo bili uzbuđeni zbog početka.

but the numbers hit us then:

Ali onda su nas pogodili brojevi.

200 million children

200 miliona dece

between four to 14 that

između 4 i 14 godina koja

should be going to school, but do not;

bi trebalo da idu u školu, ali ne idu.

100 million children

100 miliona dece

who go to school but cannot read;

koja idu u školu ali ne znaju da čitaju,

125 million who cannot do basic maths.

125 miliona koja ne znaju osnove matematike.

We also heard that 250 billion Indian rupees

Takođe smo čuli da je 250 milijardi indijskih rupija

was dedicated for government schooling.

izdvojeno za državno školovanje.

Ninety percent of it was spent on teachers' salary

90% od toga potrošeno je na učiteljske plate

and administrators' salary.

i na administratorske plate.

And yet, India has nearly

A ipak, Indija je zemlja sa skoro

the highest teacher absenteeism

najvećim brojem nastavničkih izostanaka

in the world,

na svetu,

with one out of four teachers

gde jedan od četiri nastavnika

not going to school at all the entire academic year.

ne ide u školu tokom cele školske godine.

Those numbers were absolutely mind-boggling,

Ti brojevi su potpuno neverovatni,

overwhelming, and we were constantly asked,

zapanjujući i ljudi su nas stalno pitali

"When will you start? How many schools will you start?

"Kada ćete početi? Sa koliko škola ćete početi?

How many children will you get?

Koliko dece ćete uzeti?

How are you going to scale?

Kako ćete meriti?

How are you going to replicate?"

Kako ćete to ponoviti?"

It was very difficult not to get scared, not to get daunted.

Bilo je teško ne uplašiti se i ne obeshrabriti.

But we dug our heels

Ali mi smo se zainatili

and said, "We're not in the number game.

i rekli, "Nismo u igri brojeva."

We want to take one child at a time

Želimo da uzmemo jedno po jedno dete

and take the child right through school,

i sprovedemo ga kroz školu,

sent to college,

pošaljemo na fakultet

and get them prepared for better living,

i pripremimo za bolji život,

a high value job."

za vrednovani posao.

So, we started Parikrma.

Tako smo osnovali Parikrmu,

The first Parikrma school

prvu Parikrma školu

started in a slum

osnovanu u slamovima

where there were 70,000 people

gde 70.000 ljudi

living below the poverty line.

živi ispod granice siromaštva.

Our first school was

Počeli smo, naša prva škola

on a rooftop of a building inside the slums,

bila je na krovu jedne zgrade u slamovima,

a second story building, the only second story building

dvospratne zgrade, ali dvospratne zgrade

inside the slums.

koja je u slamovima.

And that rooftop did not have

I ta zgrada nije imala

any ceiling, only half a tin sheet.

nikakvu tavanicu, samo tanki lim.

That was our first school. One hundred sixty-five children.

To je bila naša prva škola. 165. dece.

Indian academic year begins in June.

Indijska školska godina počinje u junu.

So, June it rains, so many a times

Znači, u junu pada kiša, toliko puta

all of us would be huddled under the tin roof,

smo se svi nagurali ispod tog krova

waiting for the rain to stop.

i čekali da kiša stane.

My God! What a bonding exercise that was.

Bože, kakva je to bila vežba zbližavanja.

And all of us

I svi mi, koji

that were under that roof are still here together today.

smo bili pod tim krovom, smo i danas zajedno.

Then came the second school,

Onda je došla druga škola,

the third school, the fourth school

treća škola, četvrta škola,

and a junior college.

i viša škola.

In six years now,

Za šest godina

we have four schools, one junior college,

otvorili smo četiri škole, jednu višu školu

1,100 children

imamo 1100 dece

coming from 28 slums

iz 28 slamova

and four orphanages.

i četiri sirotišta.

(Applause)

(aplauz)

Our dream is very simple:

Naš san je veoma jednostavan,

to send each of these kids, get them prepared

da pošaljemo svako od ove dece, da ih pripremimo

to be educated

za život, da budu obrazovani

but also to live peacefully,

ali i da žive u miru,

contented in this conflict-ridden

zadovoljni u ovom haotičnom,

chaotic globalized world.

globalizovanom svetu kojim vladaju sukobi.

Now, when you talk global

Sad, kada pričate o globalnom,

you have to talk English.

morate govoriti engleski.

And so all our schools

Tako su sve naše škole

are English medium schools.

na engleskom jeziku.

But they know there is this myth

Ali oni znaju za ovaj mit,

that children from the slums

da deca iz slamova

cannot speak English well.

ne znaju dobro engleski.

No one in their family has spoken English.

Niko u njihovoj porodici ne govori engleski.

No one in their generation has spoken English.

Niko iz njihove generacije ne govori engleski.

But how wrong it is.

Kako je to pogrešno.

Girl: I like adventurous books, and some of my favorites

Video: Devojčica: Volim avanturističke knjige i jedna od omiljenih

are Alfred Hitchcock and [unclear]

volim Alfreda Hičkoka i [nejasno]

and Hardy Boys.

i Hardy Boys.

Although they are like

Sva tri su slična, ali su slična

in different contexts,

na drugačije načine,

one is magical, the other two are like investigation,

jedan je kao čaroban, druga dva su istraživački,

I like those books because

sviđaju mi se te knjige jer

they have something special in them.

imaju u sebi nešto posebno,

The vocabulary used in those books

rečnik koji je korišćen,

and the style of writing.

i način, stil pisanja.

I mean like once I pick up one book

Mislim, kad jednom uzmem jednu knjigu

I cannot put it down until I finish the whole book.

ne mogu da je spustim dok je celu ne pročitam.

Even if it takes me four and a half hours,

Čak i kad mi je potrebno četiri ipo sata,

or three and half hours to finish my book, I do it.

ili tri ipo sata da je pročitam, ja je pročitam.

Boy: I did good research and I got the information

Dečak: Istraživao sam i pronašao informacije

[on the] world's fastest cars.

o najbržim automobilima na svetu.

I like Ducati ZZ143,

Sviđa mi se Ducati ZZ143,

because it is the fastest,

jer je najbrži,

the world's fastest bike,

najbrži motor na svetu.

and I like Pulsar 220 DTSI

I sviđa mi se Pulsar 220 DTSI

because it is India's fastest bike. (Laughter)

jer je to indisjki najbrži motor.

Shukla Bose: Well, that girl that you saw,

Dakle, otac ove devojčice koju ste videli

her father sells flowers on the roadside.

prodaje cveće pored puta.

And this little boy has been coming to school for five years.

A ovaj mali dečak dolazi u školu pet godina.

But isn't it strange that little boys all over the world

Ali zar nije čudno da mali dečaci širom sveta

love fast bikes? (Laughter)

vole brze motore?

He hasn't seen one, he hasn't ridden one, of course,

On nije video nijedan. Nije naravno vozio nijedan,

but he has done a lot of research through Google search.

ali je mnogo istraživao preko Google pretrage.

You know, when we started with our English medium schools

Znate, kad smo počeli sa školama na engleskom

we also decided to adopt

odlučili smo da usvojimo

the best curriculum possible,

najbolji mogući program,

the ICSE curriculum.

ICSE program.

And again, there were people who laughed at me

I opet je bilo ljudi koji su mi se smejali

and said, "Don't be crazy

i govorili, "Da li si ti luda,

choosing such a tough curriculum for these students.

biraš tako težak program za ove učenike?

They'll never be able to cope."

Oni se nikad neće s tim izboriti."

Not only do our children cope very well,

Ne samo da su se naša deca izborila veoma dobro,

but they excel in it.

oni ga prevazilaze.

You should just come across to see

Trebalo bi da vidite

how well our children do.

kako našoj deci dobro ide.

There is also this myth that

Postoji takođe i mit da

parents from the slums

roditelji iz slamova

are not interested in their children going to school;

nisu zainteresovani da im deca idu u školu,

they'd much rather put them to work.

da bi ih radije poslali da rade.

That's absolute hogwash.

To je apsolutna glupost.

All parents all over the world

Svi roditelji širom sveta

want their children to lead a better life than themselves,

žele da njihova deca imaju bolje živote od njih.

but they need to believe that change is possible.

Ali moraju da veruju da je promena moguća.

Video: (Hindi)

Video: (Hindi)

SB: We have 80 percent attendance

Šukla Bose: Prisutnost na roditeljskim

for all our parents-teachers meeting.

sastancima je 80%.

Sometimes it's even 100 percent,

Ponekad je i 100%,

much more than many privileged schools.

mnogo više nego u nekim boljim školama.

Fathers have started to attend.

Očevi su počeli da dolaze.

It's very interesting. When we started our school

To je veoma interesantno. Kada smo započeli sa školom,

the parents would give thumbprints in the attendance register.

roditelji su se upisivali otiskom palca.

Now they have started writing their signature.

Sada su počeli da se potpisuju.

The children have taught them.

Deca su ih naučila.

It's amazing how much children can teach.

Neverovatno je koliko deca mogu da nauče.

We have, a few months ago,

Pre nekoliko meseci,

actually late last year,

zapravo kasno prošle godine,

we had a few mothers who came to us and said,

nekoliko majki je došlo i reklo nam,

"You know, we want to learn how to read and write.

"Želimo da naučimo da pišemo i čitamo,

Can you teach us?" So, we started an afterschool

možete li da nas naučite?" Tako smo počeli dopunsku

for our parents, for our mothers.

nastavu za roditelje, za majke.

We had 25 mothers who came regularly

Bilo je 25 majki koje su redovno

after school to study.

dolazile posle nastave da uče.

We want to continue with this program

Želimo da nastavimo ovaj program

and extend it to all our other schools.

i proširimo ga na sve ostale škole.

Ninety-eight percent of our fathers are alcoholics.

98% očeva su alkoholičari.

So, you can imagine how traumatized

Možete zamisliti koliko su traumatizovana

and how dysfunctional the houses are where our children come from.

i disfunkcionalna domaćinstva iz kojih dolaze naša deca.

We have to send the fathers to de-addiction labs

Moramo da šaljemo očeve u laboratorije na odvikavanje

and when they come back,

i kada se vrate

most times sober, we have to find a job for them

uglavnom trezni, moramo da im pronađemo posao

so that they don't regress.

da se ne bi vratili alkoholu.

We have about three fathers who have been trained to cook.

Imamo tri oca koji su naučili da kuvaju.

We have taught them nutrition, hygiene.

Naučili smo ih o ishrani, o higijeni.

We have helped them set up the kitchen

Pomogli smo im da osposobe kuhinju

and now they are supplying food to all our children.

i sada oni nabavljaju hranu za svu našu decu.

They do a very good job because

Rade veoma dobar posao jer

their children are eating their food,

njihova deca jedu njihovu hranu,

but most importantly this is the first time

ali što je još važnije, po prvi put

they have got respect,

dobijaju poštovanje

and they feel that they are doing something worthwhile.

i osećaju da rade nešto vredno truda.

More than 90 percent of our non-teaching staff

Više od 90% nenastavnog osoblja

are all parents and extended families.

čine roditelji i šira porodica.

We've started many programs

Počeli smo mnoge programe

just to make sure that the child comes to school.

samo da bismo bili sigurni da će dete doći u školu.

Vocational skill program for the older siblings

Program zanatskih veština za stariju decu

so the younger ones are not stopped from coming to school.

kako mlađa ne bi prestala da dolaze u školu.

There is also this myth that children from the slums

Postoji i mit da deca iz slamova

cannot integrate with mainstream.

ne mogu da se uklope u glavne tokove.

Take a look at this little girl

Pogledajte ovu devojčicu

who was one of the 28 children

koja je bila jedna od 28 dece

from all privileged schools,

iz svih privilegovanih škola,

best schools in the country

najboljih škola u zemlji,

that was selected for the Duke University

koja su izabrana za program talentovane dece

talent identification program

za Duke univerzitet

and was sent to IIM Ahmedabad.

i poslata u IIM-Amedabad.

Video: Girl: Duke IIMA Camp. Whenever we see that IIMA,

Video: Devojčica: [nejasno] Kad god vidimo da [nejasno]

it was such a pride for us to go to that camp.

bili smo jako ponosni što smo išli u taj kamp.

Everybody was very friendly,

Išli smo tamo. Svi su bili veoma druželjubivi

especially I got a lot of friends.

i stekla sam mnogo prijatelja.

And I felt that my English has improved a lot

Osetila sam da mi se engleski poboljšao,

going there and chatting with friends.

jer sam išla tamo i ćaskala sa prijateljima.

There they met children who are

Tamo su upoznali decu koja

with a different standard and

imaju drugačiji standard i

a different mindset, a totally different society.

drugačiji mentalni sklop, iz potpuno drugačijeg društva.

I mingled with almost everyone.

Družim se skoro sa svima.

They were very friendly.

Bili su vrlo druželjubivi.

I had very good friends there,

Imala sam baš dobre prijatelje tamo,

who are from Delhi, who are from Mumbai.

iz Delhija, iz Mumbaja.

Even now we are in touch through Facebook.

I sada smo u kontaktu preko Facebook-a.

After this Ahmedabad trip

Posle ovog putovanja u Amedabad

I've been like a totally different

potpuno se drugačije

mingling with people and all of those.

družim sa ljudima i sve to.

Before that I feel like I wasn't like this.

Mislim da pre toga nisam bila takva.

I don't even mingle, or start speaking with someone so quickly.

Nisam se družila ni pričala s nekim tako brzo.

My accent with English improved a lot.

Moj engleski akcenat se mnogo poboljšao

And I learned football, volleyball,

i naučila sam fudbal, odbojku,

Frisbee, lots of games.

frizbi, mnogo igara.

And I wouldn't want to go to Bangalore. Let me stay here.

I ne želim da idem u Bangalor. Pustite me da ostanem ovde.

Such beautiful food,

Tako je divna hrana.

I enjoyed it. It was so beautiful.

Uživala sam u njoj. Bila je baš lepa.

I enjoyed eating food like

Uživala sam da jedem hranu

[unclear] would come and ask me,

[nejasno] priđe i pita me,

"Yes ma'am, what you want?" It was so good to hear!

"Da gospođice, šta želite?". Bilo je tako dobro to čuti!

(Laughter)

(smeh)

(Applause)

(aplauz)

SB: This girl was working as a maid

Ova devojčica je radila kao sobarica

before she came to school.

pre nego što je došla u školu.

And today she wants to be a neurologist.

A danas želi da bude neurolog.

Our children are doing brilliantly in sports.

Našoj deci odlično idu sportovi.

They are really excelling.

Stvarno nadmašuju očekivanja.

There is an inter-school athletic competition

Imamo među-školsko takmičenje u atletici

that is held every year

koje se održava svake godine

in Bangalore, where 5,000 children participate

u Bangaloru, gde učestvuje 5000 dece

from 140 best schools in the city.

iz 140 najboljih škola u gradu.

We've got the best school award for three years successively.

Mi smo tri godine za redom osvojili nagradu za najbolju školu.

And our children are coming back home

A naša deca se vraćaju kući

with bags full of medals, with lots of admirers and friends.

sa torbom punom medalja, sa mnogo obožavatelja i prijatelja.

Last year there were a couple of kids

Prošle godine dvoje dece

from elite schools that came

iz elitnih škola je došlo

to ask for admissions in our school.

da pita da se upišu u našu školu.

We also have our very own dream team.

Imamo i svoj lični tim snova.

Why is this happening? Why this confidence?

Zašto se ovo dešava? Odakle ovo pouzdanje?

Is it the exposure? We have professors

Da li je to zbog izloženosti? Imamo profesore

from MIT, Berkeley, Stanford,

sa MIT-a, Berklija, Stenforda,

Indian Institute of Science

indijskog Instituta za Nauku,

who come and teach our children lots of scientific formulas,

koji dolaze i uče našu decu mnogim naučnim formulama,

experiments, much beyond the classroom.

eksperimentima, mnogo šire od programa.

Art, music are considered

Umetnost, muzika, smatraju se

therapy and mediums of expression.

terapijom i načinima izražavanja.

We also believe that

Takođe verujemo

it's the content that is more important.

da je sadržaj mnogo važniji.

It is not the infrastructure,

Nije infrastruktura,

not the toilets, not the libraries,

toaleti, biblioteke

but it is what actually happens in this school

nego je najvažnije ono što se stvarno

that is more important.

dešava u ovoj školi.

Creating an environment of learning,

Pravljenje okruženja za učenje,

of inquiry, of exploration

za istraživanje i ispitivanje

is what is true education.

je pravo obrazovanje.

When we started Parikrma

Kada smo počeli Parikrmu

we had no idea which direction we were taking.

nismo imali ideju kojim putem idemo.

We didn't hire McKinsey to do a business plan.

Nismo unajmili Mekenzi da uradi biznis plan.

But we know for sure that

Ali ono što sigurno znamo

what we want to do today is

da želimo danas da uradimo

take one child at a time,

je da uzmemo jedno po jedno dete,

not get bogged with numbers,

da se ne zatrpamo brojevima,

and actually see the child complete

i da stvarno vidimo kako dete ispunjava

the circle of life,

životni krug

and unleash his total potential.

i da oslobodimo njegov ukupni potencijal.

We do not believe in scale

Ne verujemo u mere,

because we believe in quality,

jer verujemo u kvalitet,

and scale and numbers will automatically happen.

a mere i brojevi će se automatski desiti.

We have corporates that have stood behind us,

Imamo korporacije koje su stale iza nas

and we are able to, now, open more schools.

i sada smo u mogućnosti da otvorimo još škola.

But we began with the idea

Ali počeli smo sa idejom

of one child at a time.

o jednom po jednom detetu.

This is five-year-old Parusharam.

Ovo je petogodišnji Parušaram.

He was begging

On je prosjačio

by a bus stop a few years ago,

pored autobuske stanice pre nekoliko godina,

got picked up and is now in an orphanage,

pokupljen je i sada je u sirotištu,

has been coming to school for the last four and a half months.

dolazi u školu poslednja četiri ipo meseca.

He's in kindergarten.

U obdaništu je.

He has learned how to speak English.

Naučio je da govori engleski.

We have a model by which kids can speak English

Imamo model po kome deca mogu da nauče da

and understand English

govore i razumeju engleski

in three month's time.

za tri meseca.

He can tell you stories in English

On vam može na engleskom pričati priče

of the thirsty crow, of the crocodile

o žednoj vrani, o krokodilu

and of the giraffe.

i o žirafi.

And if you ask him what he likes to do

I ako ga pitate šta voli da radi

he will say, "I like sleeping.

reći će, "Volim da spavam.

I like eating. I like playing."

Volim da jedem. Volim da se igram."

And if you ask him what he wants to do,

A ako ga pitate šta želi da radi,

he will say, "I want to horsing."

reći će, "Želim konjanje."

Now, "horsing" is going for a horse ride.

Konjanje je čekanje da jaše konja.

So, Parusharam comes to my office every day.

Dakle, Parušaram dolazi u moju kancelariju svaki dan.

He comes for a tummy rub,

Dolazi da ga pomazim po stomaku

because he believes that will give me luck. (Laughter)

jer smatra da će mi to doneti sreću.

When I started Parikrma

Kada sam osnovala Parikrmu

I began with a great deal of arrogance

počela sam sa puno arogancije,

of transforming the world.

želeći da promenim svet.

But today I have been transformed.

Ali danas sam ja promenjena.

I have been changed with my children.

Menjam se sa svojom decom.

I've learned so much from them:

Mnogo sam naučila od njih,

love, compassion, imagination

ljubav, saosećanje, maštanje

and such creativity.

i kreativnost.

Parusharam is Parikrma

Parušaram je Parikrma

with a simple beginning but a long way to go.

sa jednostavnim početkom ali dugim putem pred sobom.

I promise you, Parusharam

Obećavam vam, Parušaram

will speak in the TED conference a few years from now.

će govoriti na TED konferenciji za nekoliko godina.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(aplauz)