Shukla Bose: Teaching one child at a time

Prevoditelj: Senzos Osijek Recezent: Tilen Pigac - EFZG

I'm standing in front of you today

Stojim pred Vama danas

in all humility,

u svoj poniznosti,

wanting to share with you

želeći podijeliti

my journey of the last six years

svoje putovanje posljednjih šest godina

in the field of service

u području služenja

and education.

i obrazovanja.

And I'm not a trained academic.

Ja nisam obučeni akademik.

Neither am I a veteran social worker.

Niti sam veteranski socijalni radnik.

I was 26 years in the corporate world,

Bila sam 26 godina u korporativnom svijetu

trying to make organizations profitable.

pokušavajući učiniti organizacije profitabilnima.

And then in 2003

I tada sam 2003.

I started Parikrma Humanity Foundation

osnovala Zakladu Parikrma Humanity

from my kitchen table.

na svom kuhinjskom stolu.

The first thing that we did was walk through the slums.

Prva stvar koju smo učinili bio je obilazak siromašnih četvrti.

You know, by the way, there are two million people

Znate, postoji dva milijuna ljudi

in Bangalore, who live in 800 slums.

u Bangaloru koji žive u 800 siromašnih četvrti.

We couldn't go to all the slums,

Nismo mogli obići sve četvrti,

but we tried to cover as much as we could.

ali smo pokušali pokriti što je više moguće.

We walked through these slums,

Hodali smo tim četvrtima,

identified houses where children would never go to school.

utvrdili koje su kuće u kojima djeca nikad ne bi išla u školu.

We talked to the parents,

Pričali smo s roditeljima,

tried to convince them about sending their children to school.

pokušali ih uvjeriti da pošalju svoju djecu u školu.

We played with the children,

Igrali smo se s djecom

and came back home really tired,

te se vratili kući zbilja umorni, iscrpljeni,

exhausted, but with images

ali sa slikama

of bright faces, twinkling eyes,

vedrih lica, blistajućih očiju

and went to sleep.

te smo otišli spavati.

We were all excited to start,

Svi smo bili uzbuđeni zbog početka.

but the numbers hit us then:

Ali, tada su nas pogodili brojevi.

200 million children

Dvjesto milijuna djece

between four to 14 that

između četiri i četrnaest godina

should be going to school, but do not;

trebalo bi ići u školu, ali ne idu.

100 million children

Sto milijuna djece

who go to school but cannot read;

ide u školu, ali ne znaju čitati,

125 million who cannot do basic maths.

125 milijuna onih koji ne znaju osnove matematike.

We also heard that 250 billion Indian rupees

Čuli smo i da 250 milijardi indijskih rupija

was dedicated for government schooling.

odlazi na državno školovanje.

Ninety percent of it was spent on teachers' salary

90 posto od toga troši se na učiteljske

and administrators' salary.

i administratorske plaće.

And yet, India has nearly

A ipak, Indija ima gotovo

the highest teacher absenteeism

najviše učiteljskih izostanaka s posla

in the world,

u svijetu,

with one out of four teachers

s jednim od četiri učitelja

not going to school at all the entire academic year.

koji ne idu u školu cijelu akademsku godinu.

Those numbers were absolutely mind-boggling,

Ti su brojevi bili apsolutno zapanjujući,

overwhelming, and we were constantly asked,

porazni i neprestano su nas pitali:

"When will you start? How many schools will you start?

„Kada ćete započeti? Koliko ćete škola osnovati?

How many children will you get?

Koliko ćete djece uzeti?

How are you going to scale?

Kako ćete vrjednovati?

How are you going to replicate?"

Kako ćete to ponoviti?“

It was very difficult not to get scared, not to get daunted.

Bilo je zaista teško ne uplašiti se, ne obeshrabriti se.

But we dug our heels

Ali bili smo odlučni

and said, "We're not in the number game.

i rekli: „Nismo u igri brojeva.“

We want to take one child at a time

Želimo uzeti jedno po jedno dijete,

and take the child right through school,

obrazovati ih,

sent to college,

poslati na fakultet

and get them prepared for better living,

i pripremiti za bolji život

a high value job."

i cijenjen posao.

So, we started Parikrma.

I, tako smo osnovali Parikrmu.

The first Parikrma school

Prvu Parikrma školu

started in a slum

osnovali smo u siromašnoj četvrti

where there were 70,000 people

gdje je živjelo 70.000 ljudi

living below the poverty line.

ispod donje granice siromaštva.

Our first school was

Počeli smo, prva škola bila je

on a rooftop of a building inside the slums,

na krovu zgrade unutar četvrti,

a second story building, the only second story building

dvokatna zgrada, jedina dvokatna zgrada

inside the slums.

u četvrti.

And that rooftop did not have

I ta terasa na krovu nije imala

any ceiling, only half a tin sheet.

nikakav strop, samo pola limene ploče.

That was our first school. One hundred sixty-five children.

To je bila naša prva škola. Sto šezdeset i petoro djece.

Indian academic year begins in June.

Indijska akademska godina počinje u lipnju.

So, June it rains, so many a times

U lipnju kiši, nebrojeno smo puta

all of us would be huddled under the tin roof,

svi mi bili zbijeni ispod limenog krova

waiting for the rain to stop.

čekajući da kiša prestane.

My God! What a bonding exercise that was.

Bože, kakva je to bila vježba povezivanja.

And all of us

Svi mi

that were under that roof are still here together today.

koji smo bili pod tim krovom, zajedno smo ovdje danas.

Then came the second school,

Tada je došla druga škola,

the third school, the fourth school

treća škola, četvrta škola

and a junior college.

i viša škola (nešto tipa srednje, 11. i 12. razred).

In six years now,

Nakon šest godina,

we have four schools, one junior college,

sada imamo četiri škole i jednu višu školu.

1,100 children

1.100 djece

coming from 28 slums

dolazi iz 28 siromašnih četvrti

and four orphanages.

i iz četiri sirotišta.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

Our dream is very simple:

Naš je san vrlo jednostavan –

to send each of these kids, get them prepared

poslati svako od te djece, pripremiti ih da žive,

to be educated

budu obrazovani,

but also to live peacefully,

ali i da žive spokojno,

contented in this conflict-ridden

zadovoljno u ovom

chaotic globalized world.

kaotičnom globaliziranom svijetu vođenom sukobima.

Now, when you talk global

Dakle, kada pričate o globalnom,

you have to talk English.

morate pričati na engleskom.

And so all our schools

I tako su sve naše škole

are English medium schools.

na engleskom jeziku.

But they know there is this myth

Ali, oni znaju da postoji mit

that children from the slums

da djeca iz siromašnih četvrti

cannot speak English well.

ne mogu dobro pričati engleski.

No one in their family has spoken English.

Nitko iz njihove obitelji nije pričao na engleskom.

No one in their generation has spoken English.

Nitko u njihovoj generaciji nije pričao engleski.

But how wrong it is.

Ali, kako je to krivo.

Girl: I like adventurous books, and some of my favorites

Video: Djevojčica: Volim pustolovne knjige i neke od mojih najdražih

are Alfred Hitchcock and [unclear]

jesu Alfred Hitchcock i [nejasno]

and Hardy Boys.

i Hardy Boys.

Although they are like

Sve su tri slične, iako su slične

in different contexts,

u drukčijem kontekstu,

one is magical, the other two are like investigation,

jedna je više magična, druge dvije su više o istražnom postupku.

I like those books because

Sviđaju mi se te knjige jer

they have something special in them.

ima nešto posebno u njima,

The vocabulary used in those books

rječnik korišten u tim knjigama

and the style of writing.

i način, stil pisanja.

I mean like once I pick up one book

Jednom kada uzmem knjigu u ruke

I cannot put it down until I finish the whole book.

ne mogu je ispustiti dok je ne završim cijelu.

Even if it takes me four and a half hours,

Čak i ako mi za to treba četiri i pol sata

or three and half hours to finish my book, I do it.

ili tri i pol sata da je dovršim, učinim to.

Boy: I did good research and I got the information

Dječak: Puno sam istraživao i pronašao informaciju

[on the] world's fastest cars.

o najbržim automobilima na svijetu.

I like Ducati ZZ143,

Sviđa mi se Ducati ZZ143

because it is the fastest,

jer je najbrži,

the world's fastest bike,

najbrži motor na svijetu.

and I like Pulsar 220 DTSI

I sviđa mi se Pulsar 220 DTSI

because it is India's fastest bike. (Laughter)

jer je najbrži motor u Indiji.

Shukla Bose: Well, that girl that you saw,

Pa, ta djevojka koju ste vidjeli,

her father sells flowers on the roadside.

njezin otac prodaje cvijeće uz cestu.

And this little boy has been coming to school for five years.

A ovaj mali dječak dolazi u školu pet godina.

But isn't it strange that little boys all over the world

Nije li čudno da mali dječaci širom svijeta

love fast bikes? (Laughter)

vole brze motore?

He hasn't seen one, he hasn't ridden one, of course,

On nije vidio jedan. Nije ga vozio, naravno,

but he has done a lot of research through Google search.

ali je mnogo istraživao putem Google tražilice.

You know, when we started with our English medium schools

Znate, kada smo započeli s engleskim školama,

we also decided to adopt

također smo se potrudili usvojiti

the best curriculum possible,

najbolji mogući nastavni program

the ICSE curriculum.

– ICSE program.

And again, there were people who laughed at me

I opet, bilo je ljudi koji su mi se smijali

and said, "Don't be crazy

i govorili: „Jesi li luda,

choosing such a tough curriculum for these students.

biraš tako težak program za te učenike?

They'll never be able to cope."

Oni se nikada neće biti u stanju nositi s tim.“

Not only do our children cope very well,

Ne samo da su se djeca nosila s tim dosta dobro,

but they excel in it.

nego su ga i nadmašila.

You should just come across to see

Trebate samo vidjeti

how well our children do.

kako im dobro ide.

There is also this myth that

Postoji i mit da

parents from the slums

roditelji iz siromašnih četvrti

are not interested in their children going to school;

nisu zainteresirani za odlazak njihove djece u škole

they'd much rather put them to work.

te da bi ih mnogo radije poslali na posao.

That's absolute hogwash.

To je potpuna glupost.

All parents all over the world

Svi roditelji diljem svijeta

want their children to lead a better life than themselves,

žele da njihova djeca imaju bolji život nego oni sami.

but they need to believe that change is possible.

Ali, trebaju moći vjerovati da je promjena moguća.

Video: (Hindi)

Video: (Hindi)

SB: We have 80 percent attendance

Shukla Bose: Imamo 80 postotnu posjećenost

for all our parents-teachers meeting.

za sve roditeljske sastanke.

Sometimes it's even 100 percent,

Nekad je čak i 100 postotna posjećenost,

much more than many privileged schools.

mnogo više nego u brojnim privilegiranim školama.

Fathers have started to attend.

Očevi su počeli prisustvovati.

It's very interesting. When we started our school

To je vrlo zanimljivo. Kada smo započeli našu školu,

the parents would give thumbprints in the attendance register.

roditelji bi davali otiske prstiju u registar dolazaka.

Now they have started writing their signature.

Sada su se počeli potpisivati.

The children have taught them.

Djeca su ih naučila.

It's amazing how much children can teach.

Izvanredno je kako djeca mogu poučavati.

We have, a few months ago,

Imamo, nekoliko mjeseci ranije,

actually late last year,

zapravo prošle godine,

we had a few mothers who came to us and said,

imali smo nekoliko majki koje su nam došle i rekle:

"You know, we want to learn how to read and write.

„Znate, mi želimo naučiti čitati i pisati,

Can you teach us?" So, we started an afterschool

možete li nas naučiti?“ Tako smo započeli „večernju školu“

for our parents, for our mothers.

za naše roditelje, naše majke.

We had 25 mothers who came regularly

Imali smo 25 majki koje su redovito

after school to study.

nakon škole dolazile učiti.

We want to continue with this program

Želimo nastaviti ovaj program

and extend it to all our other schools.

i proširiti ga na naše druge škole.

Ninety-eight percent of our fathers are alcoholics.

98 posto naših očeva su alkoholičari.

So, you can imagine how traumatized

Možete zamisliti koliko su traumatizirane

and how dysfunctional the houses are where our children come from.

i koliko su disfunkcionalne obitelji iz kojih nam dolaze djeca.

We have to send the fathers to de-addiction labs

Moramo slati očeve na odvikavanje

and when they come back,

i kada se vrate,

most times sober, we have to find a job for them

većinom trijezni, moramo im naći posao

so that they don't regress.

da se ne vrate na staro.

We have about three fathers who have been trained to cook.

Imamo tri oca koja su priučena kuhanju.

We have taught them nutrition, hygiene.

Naučili smo ih nutricionizmu, higijeni.

We have helped them set up the kitchen

Pomogli smo im namjestiti kuhinju

and now they are supplying food to all our children.

i sada opskrbljuju hranom svu našu djecu.

They do a very good job because

Rade vrlo dobar posao jer

their children are eating their food,

njihova djeca jedu njihovu hranu,

but most importantly this is the first time

ali što je još važnije – ovo je prvi put

they have got respect,

da su poštovani

and they feel that they are doing something worthwhile.

i osjećaju se da rade nešto vrijedno truda.

More than 90 percent of our non-teaching staff

Više od 90 posto našeg neučiteljskog osoblja

are all parents and extended families.

jesu roditelji i šira obitelj.

We've started many programs

Započeli smo brojne programe

just to make sure that the child comes to school.

kako bismo osigurali dolazak djece u školu.

Vocational skill program for the older siblings

Strukovno usavršavanje za starije rođake

so the younger ones are not stopped from coming to school.

kako mlađi ne bi bili spriječeni dolaziti u školu.

There is also this myth that children from the slums

Postoji mit da se djeca iz siromašnih četvrti

cannot integrate with mainstream.

ne mogu integrirati s glavnom strujom.

Take a look at this little girl

Pogledajte ovu djevojčicu

who was one of the 28 children

koja je među 28-ero djece

from all privileged schools,

iz privilegiranih škola,

best schools in the country

najboljih škola u zemlji

that was selected for the Duke University

izabrana za program identificiranja talenata

talent identification program

Sveučilišta Duke

and was sent to IIM Ahmedabad.

i poslana na IIM-Amedabad.

Video: Girl: Duke IIMA Camp. Whenever we see that IIMA,

Video: Djevojčica: [nejasno] Kadgod vidimo da [nejasno]

it was such a pride for us to go to that camp.

velika je čast za nas ići u taj kamp.

Everybody was very friendly,

I bili smo ondje. Svi su bili vrlo druželjubivi

especially I got a lot of friends.

te sam stekla mnogo prijatelja.

And I felt that my English has improved a lot

Osjetila sam da mi se engleski dosta poboljšao

going there and chatting with friends.

ondje zbog svih događanja i pričanja s prijateljima i svega toga.

There they met children who are

Ondje oni upoznaju djecu koja su

with a different standard and

drugačijeg standarda i svega toga,

a different mindset, a totally different society.

imaju drugačiji sklop razmišljanja te su iz potpuno drugačijeg društva.

I mingled with almost everyone.

Družila sam se gotovo sa svima.

They were very friendly.

Bili su vrlo ljubazni.

I had very good friends there,

Ondje sam imala jako dobrih prijatelja

who are from Delhi, who are from Mumbai.

iz Delhija, Mumbaija.

Even now we are in touch through Facebook.

I sada smo u kontaktu preko Facebooka.

After this Ahmedabad trip

Nakon ovog putovanja u Amedabad

I've been like a totally different

potpuno se drugačije

mingling with people and all of those.

družim s ljudima i sve to.

Before that I feel like I wasn't like this.

Prije toga nisam bila ovakva.

I don't even mingle, or start speaking with someone so quickly.

Nisam se čak ni družila ili počinjala razgovor s nekim tako brzo.

My accent with English improved a lot.

Moj engleski naglasak dosta se poboljšao.

And I learned football, volleyball,

Naučila sam i nogomet, odbojku,

Frisbee, lots of games.

frizbi, brojne igre.

And I wouldn't want to go to Bangalore. Let me stay here.

I nisam se htjela vratiti u Bangalore. Pustite me da ostanem ovdje.

Such beautiful food,

Tako predivna hrana.

I enjoyed it. It was so beautiful.

Uživala sam. Bilo je prelijepo.

I enjoyed eating food like

Uživala sam jedući hranu

[unclear] would come and ask me,

kao da [nejasno] netko bi me došao i pitao:

"Yes ma'am, what you want?" It was so good to hear!

„Da, madam, što želiš?“ Bilo je to tako dobro čuti!

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

SB: This girl was working as a maid

Ova djevojčica radila je kao sluškinja

before she came to school.

prije nego je došla u školu.

And today she wants to be a neurologist.

A danas želi biti neurolog.

Our children are doing brilliantly in sports.

Našoj djeci izvrsno idu sportovi.

They are really excelling.

Zbilja nadmašuju očekivanja.

There is an inter-school athletic competition

Postoji međuškolsko atletsko natjecanje

that is held every year

koje se svake godine održava

in Bangalore, where 5,000 children participate

u Bangaloru gdje sudjeluje 5.000 djece

from 140 best schools in the city.

iz 140 najboljih škola iz cijelog grada.

We've got the best school award for three years successively.

Mi smo tri godine za redom osvojili nagradu za najbolju školu.

And our children are coming back home

I djeca se kući vraćaju

with bags full of medals, with lots of admirers and friends.

s torbama punim medalja, s brojnim obožavateljima i prijateljima.

Last year there were a couple of kids

Prošle je godine bilo nekoliko djece

from elite schools that came

iz elitnih škola koja su

to ask for admissions in our school.

pitala za upis u našu školu.

We also have our very own dream team.

Mi također imamo svoj tim iz snova.

Why is this happening? Why this confidence?

Zašto se to događa? Odakle ova smjelost?

Is it the exposure? We have professors

Je li to zbog izloženosti? Imamo profesore

from MIT, Berkeley, Stanford,

s MIT-a, Berkeleyja, Stanforda,

Indian Institute of Science

Indijskog instituta znanosti

who come and teach our children lots of scientific formulas,

koji dolaze učiti našu djecu brojnim znanstvenim formulama,

experiments, much beyond the classroom.

pokusima, mnogo opširnije od programa.

Art, music are considered

Umjetnost, glazba smatraju se

therapy and mediums of expression.

terapijom i načinima izražavanja.

We also believe that

Vjerujemo i da je

it's the content that is more important.

taj sadržaj važniji.

It is not the infrastructure,

Nije to infrastruktura,

not the toilets, not the libraries,

toaleti, knjižnice,

but it is what actually happens in this school

već je ono što se događa u školi

that is more important.

daleko važnije.

Creating an environment of learning,

Stvaranje okoline za učenje,

of inquiry, of exploration

za istraživanje i ispitivanje

is what is true education.

jest pravo obrazovanje.

When we started Parikrma

Kada smo započeli Parikrmu,

we had no idea which direction we were taking.

nismo imali pojma kojim ćemo smjerom ići.

We didn't hire McKinsey to do a business plan.

Nismo zaposlili McKinseya da nam napravi poslovni plan.

But we know for sure that

Ali sa sigurnošću znamo

what we want to do today is

danas da želimo

take one child at a time,

uzeti jedno po jedno dijete

not get bogged with numbers,

ne zatrpavajući se brojevima

and actually see the child complete

te da želimo vidjeti dijete kako ispunjava

the circle of life,

svoj životni krug

and unleash his total potential.

i ostvaruje svoj puni potencijal.

We do not believe in scale

Ne vjerujemo u skalu

because we believe in quality,

jer vjerujemo u kvalitetu,

and scale and numbers will automatically happen.

a skala i brojevi dogode se automatski.

We have corporates that have stood behind us,

Imamo korporacije koje su stale iza nas

and we are able to, now, open more schools.

i sada smo sposobni otvoriti još škola.

But we began with the idea

Ali, započeli smo s idejom

of one child at a time.

o jednom po jednom djetetu.

This is five-year-old Parusharam.

Ovo je petogodišnji Parusharam.

He was begging

Prosio je

by a bus stop a few years ago,

pored autobusne stanice prije nekoliko godina,

got picked up and is now in an orphanage,

pokupili su ga i sad je u sirotištu

has been coming to school for the last four and a half months.

i dolazi u školu zadnja četiri i pol mjeseca.

He's in kindergarten.

On je u vrtiću.

He has learned how to speak English.

Učio je pričati engleski.

We have a model by which kids can speak English

Imamo model po kojem djeca uče pričati

and understand English

i razumjeti engleski

in three month's time.

u tromjesečnom periodu.

He can tell you stories in English

Može Vam pričati priče na engleskom –

of the thirsty crow, of the crocodile

o žednoj vrani, krokodilu

and of the giraffe.

i o žirafi.

And if you ask him what he likes to do

I ako ga pitate što voli raditi,

he will say, "I like sleeping.

reći će Vam: „Volim spavati.

I like eating. I like playing."

Volim jesti. Volim igranje.“

And if you ask him what he wants to do,

A, ako ga pitate što želi raditi,

he will say, "I want to horsing."

reći će Vam: „Želim konjiti.“

Now, "horsing" is going for a horse ride.

Dakle, „konjenje“ kao odlazak na jahanje.

So, Parusharam comes to my office every day.

Parusharam dolazi u moj ured svaki dan.

He comes for a tummy rub,

Dolazi da mu počeškam trbuh

because he believes that will give me luck. (Laughter)

jer vjeruje da će mi to donijeti sreću.

When I started Parikrma

Kada sam osnovala Parikrmu,

I began with a great deal of arrogance

započela sam s velikom dozom arogancije

of transforming the world.

o mijenjanju svijeta.

But today I have been transformed.

Ali danas sam ja promijenjena.

I have been changed with my children.

Promijenjena sam sa svojom djecom.

I've learned so much from them:

Naučila sam se mnogo čemu uz njih –

love, compassion, imagination

ljubavi, sućuti, mašti

and such creativity.

i tolikoj kreativnosti.

Parusharam is Parikrma

Parusharam je Parikrma

with a simple beginning but a long way to go.

s jednostavnim početkom, ali dugim putem za proći.

I promise you, Parusharam

Obećavam Vam, Parusharam

will speak in the TED conference a few years from now.

će pričati na TED konferenciji za nekoliko godina.

Thank you.

Hvala Vam.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)