Myriam Sidibe: The simple power of handwashing

Prevodilac: Bojana Rajić Lektor: Ivana Krivokuća

So imagine that a plane is about to crash

Zamislite da avion sa 250 dece i beba

with 250 children and babies,

samo što se nije srušio,

and if you knew how to stop that, would you?

i ako biste znali kako to da sprečite, da li biste?

Now imagine

Sada zamislite

that 60 planes full of babies under five

da se 60 aviona punih beba ispod 5 godina

crash every single day.

sruši svakog dana.

That's the number of kids

To je broj dece

that never make it to their fifth birthday.

koja neće doživeti peti rođendan.

6.6 million children

6,6 miliona dece

never make it to their fifth birthday.

nikada ne doživi peti rođendan.

Most of these deaths are preventable,

Većina ovih smrti se može sprečiti,

and that doesn't just make me sad,

i to ne samo da me rastužuje,

it makes me angry,

već me i ljuti

and it makes me determined.

i čini odlučnom.

Diarrhea and pneumonia

Dijareja i upala pluća

are among the top two killers

su prve dve ubice

of children under five,

dece mlađe od pet godina,

and what we can do to prevent these diseases

i ono što možemo da uradimo da bismo ih sprečili

isn't some smart,

nije neka pametna

new technological innovations.

nova tehnološka novotarija.

It's one of the world's oldest inventions:

To je jedan od najstarijih svetskih izuma:

a bar of soap.

sapun.

Washing hands with soap,

Pranje ruku sapunom,

a habit we all take for granted,

navika koju svi uzimamo zdravo za gotovo,

can reduce diarrhea by half,

može prepoloviti broj obolelih od dijareje

can reduce respiratory infections by one third.

i smanjiti disajne infekcije za trećinu.

Handwashing with soap

Pranje ruku sapunom

can have an impact

može imati uticaj

on reducing flu, trachoma, SARS,

na smanjivanje gripa, trahoma, SARS-a,

and most recently in the case of cholera

i najskorije, u slučaju kolere

and Ebola outbreak,

i izbijanja ebole,

one of the key interventions

jedna od ključnih intervencija

is handwashing with soap.

je pranje ruku sapunom.

Handwashing with soap keeps kids in school.

Pranje ruku sapunom zadržava decu u školi.

It stops babies from dying.

Sprečava umiranje beba.

Handwashing with soap

Pranje ruku sapunom

is one of the most cost-effective

je jedan od najisplativijih načina

ways of saving children's lives.

da se sačuvaju dečji životi.

It can save over 600,000 children every year.

Može sačuvati preko 600.000 dečjih života godišnje.

That's the equivalent of stopping

To je isto kao sprečavanje

10 jumbo jets

10 džambo-džetova

full of babies and children

punih beba i dece

from crashing every single day.

od rušenja svakoga dana.

I think you'll agree with me that that's a pretty

Mislim da ćete se složiti da je to veoma

useful public health intervention.

korisna javna zdravstvena intervencija.

So now just take a minute.

Sada odvojite minut svog vremena.

I think you need to get to know the person next to you.

Mislim da treba da upoznate osobu pored.

Why don't you just shake their hands.

Zašto se ne biste rukovali.

Please shake their hands.

Molim vas, rukujte se.

All right, get to know each other.

U redu, upoznajte se.

They look really pretty.

Izgledaju veoma lepo.

All right.

Dobro.

So what if I told you

Šta ako bih vam rekla

that the person whose hands you just shook

da osoba sa kojom ste se upravo rukovali

actually didn't wash their hands

zapravo nije oprala svoje ruke

when they were coming out of the toilet? (Laughter)

kada je izašla iz toaleta? (Smeh)

They don't look so pretty anymore, right?

Više ne izgledaju tako lepo, zar ne?

Pretty yucky, you would agree with me.

Prilično odvratno, složićete se.

Well, statistics are actually showing

Statistike zapravo pokazuju

that four people out of five

da četvoro od petoro ljudi

don't wash their hands when they come out of the toilet,

ne pere svoje ruke nakon toaleta,

globally.

u celom svetu.

And the same way,

I isto tako

we don't do it when we've got fancy toilets,

kao što to ne radimo kada imamo moderne toalete,

running water, and soap available,

tekuću vodu i dostupan sapun,

it's the same thing in the countries

ista je stvar u zemljama

where child mortality is really high.

u kojima je smrtnost dece veoma visoka.

What is it? Is there no soap?

O čemu se radi? Nemaju sapun?

Actually, soap is available.

Zapravo, sapun je dostupan.

In 90 percent of households in India,

U 90% domaćinstava u Indiji,

94 percent of households in Kenya,

94% domaćinstava u Keniji,

you will find soap.

pronaći ćete sapun.

Even in countries where soap is the lowest,

Čak i u zemljama gde sapuna ima najmanje,

like Ethiopia, we are at 50 percent.

kao u Etiopiji, dolazimo do 50%.

So why is it?

Pa zašto je to tako?

Why aren't people washing their hands?

Zašto ljudi ne peru svoje ruke?

Why is it that Mayank,

Zašto Majank,

this young boy that I met in India,

mladi dečak koga sam upoznala u Indiji,

isn't washing his hands?

ne pere ruke?

Well, in Mayank's family,

Pa, u Majankovoj porodici

soap is used for bathing,

sapun se koristi za kupanje,

soap is used for laundry,

sapun se koristi za pranje veša,

soap is used for washing dishes.

sapun se koristi za pranje sudova.

His parents think sometimes

Njegovi roditelji misle da

it's a precious commodity,

je sapun ponekad dragocena roba,

so they'll keep it in a cupboard.

pa će ga držati u ormaru.

They'll keep it away from him so he doesn't waste it.

Držaće ga dalje od njega da ga ne potroši.

On average, in Mayank's family,

U proseku, u Majankovoj porodici,

they will use soap for washing hands

koristiće sapun za pranje ruku

once a day

jednom dnevno

at the very best, and sometimes

u najboljem slučaju, ponekad

even once a week for washing hands with soap.

čak jednom nedeljno da bi oprali ruke.

What's the result of that?

Šta je posledica ovoga?

Children pick up disease

Deca pokupe zarazu

in the place that's supposed to love them

na mestima koja treba da im pruže

and protect them the most, in their homes.

najviše ljubavi i zaštite, u njihovim kućama.

Think about where you learned to wash your hands.

Setite se gde ste naučili da perete ruke.

Did you learn to wash your hands at home?

Da li ste naučili kod kuće?

Did you learn to wash your hands in school?

Da li ste naučili u školi?

I think behavioral scientists will tell you

Mislim da će proučavaoci ponašanja reći

that it's very difficult to change the habits

da je veoma teško promeniti navike

that you have had early in life.

koje ste naučili u ranom dobu.

However, we all copy what everyone else does,

No, svi oponašamo što drugi rade,

and local cultural norms are something

i lokalne kulturne norme su nešto što

that shape how we change our behavior,

oblikuje način na koji menjamo ponašanje,

and this is where the private sector comes in.

i tu se upliće privatni sektor.

Every second in Asia and Africa,

Svake sekunde u Aziji i Africi

111 mothers

111 majki

will buy this bar to protect their family.

kupiće ovaj sapun da zaštiti porodicu.

Many women in India will tell you

Mnoge žene u Indiji reći će vam

they learned all about hygiene, diseases,

da su naučile sve o higijeni, bolestima,

from this bar of soap from Lifebuoy brand.

od ovog sapuna proizvođača Lajfboj.

Iconic brands like this one

Poznate marke poput ove

have a responsibility to do good

imaju odgovornost da čine dobro

in the places where they sell their products.

tamo gde prodaju svoje proizvode.

It's that belief, plus the scale of Unilever,

To je verovanje, plus Junilevrova skala,

that allows us to keep talking about

koja nam dopušta da nastavimo da pričamo o

handwashing with soap and hygiene to these mothers.

pranju ruku sapunom i higijeni ovim majkama.

Big businesses and brands can change

Velike kompanije i marke mogu da menjaju

and shift those social norms

i preokreću ove društvene norme,

and make a difference for those habits

i naprave razliku za te

that are so stubborn.

tako uporne navike.

Think about it:

Mislite o tome.

Marketeers spend all their time

Trgovci provode sve svoje vreme

making us switch from one brand to the other.

ubeđujući nas da se prebacimo sa brenda na brend.

And actually, they know how to transform

I zapravo, oni znaju kako da pretvore

science and facts into compelling messages.

nauku i činjenice u ubedljive poruke.

Just for a minute, imagine

Samo na minut zamislite

when they put all their forces behind

da stave sve svoje snage iza poruke

a message as powerful as handwashing with soap.

tako moćne kao što je pranje ruku sapunom.

The profit motive is transforming health outcomes

Motiv profita menja zdravstvene ishode

in this world.

u ovom svetu.

But it's been happening for centuries:

Ali događa se već vekovima:

the Lifebuoy brand was launched in 1894

Lajfboj marka stvorena je 1894.

in Victorian England

u viktorijanskoj Engleskoj

to actually combat cholera.

radi borbe protiv kolere.

Last week, I was in Ghana

Prošle nedelje bila sam u Gani

with the minister of health,

sa ministrom zdravlja

because if you don't know,

zato što, ako ne znate,

there's a cholera outbreak in Ghana at the moment.

trenutno je u Gani epidemija kolere.

A hundred and eighteen years later,

Sto osamnaest godina kasnije

the solution is exactly the same:

rešenje je potpuno isto:

It's about ensuring that they have access

radi se o obezbeđivanju pristupa

to this bar of soap,

ovom komadu sapuna

and that they're using it,

i njegovom korišćenju,

because that's the number one way

zato što je to najbolji način

to actually stop cholera from spreading.

da se spreči širenje kolere.

I think this drive for profit

Mislim da je ovaj nagon za profitom

is extremely powerful,

vrlo moćan,

sometimes more powerful than

nekada i moćniji

the most committed charity or government.

od najposvećenijih humanitaraca ili vlada.

Government is doing what they can,

Vlada čini što može,

especially in terms of the pandemics

posebno u pogledu pandemija

and epidemics such as cholera,

i epidemije kao što je kolera

or Ebola at the moment,

ili ebola u ovim trenucima,

but with competing priorities.

ali sa konkurentnim prioritetima.

The budget is not always there.

Budžet nije uvek dostupan.

And when you think about this,

I kada razmišljate o ovome,

you think about what is required

razmišljate o tome šta je potrebno

to make handwashing a daily habit,

da pranje ruku postane svakodnevna navika,

it requires sustained funding

to zahteva neprekidno finansiranje

to refine this behavior.

da bi se usavršilo ovo ponašanje.

In short, those that fight for public health

Ukratko, oni koji se zalažu za javno zdravlje

are actually dependent upon the soap companies

zapravo nekada zavise od proizvođača sapuna

to keep promoting handwashing with soap.

kako bi nastavili da promovišu pranje ruku sapunom.

We have friends like USAID,

Imamo prijatelje poput USAID-a,

the Global Public-Private Partnership for Handwashing with Soap,

Svetskog javno-privatnog partnerstva za pranje ruku sapunom,

London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine,

Londonske škole higijene i tropske medicine,

Plan, WaterAid,

Plana, WaterAid-a,

that all believe

koji veruju

for a win-win-win partnership.

u partnerstvo dobitka za sve.

Win for the public sector,

Dobitka za javni sektor,

because we help them reach their targets.

zato što im pomažemo da postignu svoje ciljeve.

Win for the private sector,

Dobitka za privatni sektor,

because we build new generations

zato što gradimo nove generacije

of future handwashers.

budućih perača ruku.

And most importantly,

I najvažnije,

win for the most vulnerable.

dobit za najugroženije.

On October 15,

Petnaestog oktobra

we will celebrate Global Handwashing Day.

slavićemo Svetski dan pranja ruku.

Schools, communities,

Škole, zajednice,

our friends in the public sector

naši prijatelji u javnom sektoru

and our friends in the private sector —

i prijatelji u privatnom sektoru -

yes, on that day even our competitors,

da, na taj dan čak i naši konkurenti,

we all join hands to celebrate

svi ćemo spojiti ruke da proslavimo

the world's most important

najvažniju svetsku

public health intervention.

intervenciju javnog zdravlja.

What's required,

Šta je neophodno,

and again where the private sector can make a huge difference,

i tu ponovo privatni sektor može napraviti veliku razliku,

is coming up with this big, creative thinking

dolazi sa velikim, kreativnim razmišljanjem

that drives advocacy.

koje pokreće zaštitu.

If you take our Help a Child Reach 5 campaign,

Ako uzmete našu kampanju "Pomozi detetu da dostigne 5 rođendan"

we've created great films

napravili smo sjajne filmove

that bring the message of handwashing with soap

koji donose poruku o pranju ruku sapunom

to the everyday person

svakodnevnoj osobi

in a way that can relate to them.

na način na koji se mogu povezati sa njom.

We've had over 30 million views.

Imali smo preko 30 miliona pregleda.

Most of these discussions are still happening online.

Većina ovih diskusija još uvek se odvija onlajn.

I urge you to take five minutes

Izdvojite 5 minuta

and look at those films.

i pogledajte ih.

I come from Mali,

Dolazim sa Malija,

one of the world's poorest countries.

jedne od najsiromašnijih zemalja sveta.

I grew up in a family where every dinner conversation

Odrasla sam u porodici čiji je svaki razgovor za večerom

was around social justice.

bio u vezi društvene pravde.

I trained in Europe's premier school of public health.

Obučena sam u evropskoj glavnoj školi za javno zdravlje.

I think I'm probably one of the only women

Mislim da sam jedna od retkih žena

in my country with this high degree in health,

u svojoj zemlji sa ovako visokom diplomom u zdravstvu,

and the only one

i jedina

with a doctorate in handwashing with soap.

sa doktoratom iz pranja ruku sapunom.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

Nine years ago, I decided,

Pre devet godina odlučila sam

with a successful public health career in the making,

u začetku uspešne karijere u javnom zdravlju,

that I could make the biggest impact coming,

da mogu najviše da doprinesem

selling and promoting the world's best invention

prodajući i promovišući najbolji svetski izum

in public health: soap.

u javnom zdravlju: sapun.

We run today the world's largest

Danas vodimo najveći svetski

handwashing program

program pranja ruku

by any public health standards.

po bilo kojim zdravstvenim standardima.

We've reached over 183 million people

Doprli smo do preko 183 miliona ljudi

in 16 countries.

u 16 zemalja.

My team and I have the ambition

Moj tim i ja imamo ambiciju

to reach one billion by 2020.

da dopremo do miljarde do 2020.

Over the last four years,

U poslednje 4 godine

business has grown double digits,

posao je dvostruko porastao,

whilst child mortality has reduced

dok je smrtnost dece smanjena

in all the places where soap use has increased.

svuda gde je upotreba sapuna povećana.

It may be uncomfortable for some to hear —

Možda će nekima biti nelagodno da čuju -

business growth and lives saved

porast poslovanja i spašavanje života

somehow equated in the same sentence —

nekako izjednačene u istoj rečenici -

but it is that business growth

ali taj rast poslovanja

that allows us to keep doing more.

dopušta da nastavimo da činimo više.

Without it, and without talking about it,

Bez toga, i bez priče o tome.

we cannot achieve the change that we need.

ne možemo ostvariti promenu koja nam je potrebna.

Last week, my team and I

Prošle nedelje, moj tim i ja,

spent time visiting mothers

proveli smo vreme u poseti majkama

that have all experienced the same thing:

koje su imale iskustva sa istom stvari:

the death of a newborn.

smrću novorođenčeta.

I'm a mom. I can't imagine anything more powerful

Majka sam. Ne mogu zamisliti išta snažnije

and more painful.

i bolnije.

This one is from Myanmar.

Ova je sa Mjanmara.

She had the most beautiful smile,

Imala je najlepši osmeh,

the smile, I think, that life gives you

osmeh koji vam, mislim, život daje

when you've had a second chance.

kada dobijete drugu šansu.

Her son, Myo, is her second one.

Njen sin, Mio, joj je drugo dete.

She had a daughter

Imala je ćerku

who passed away at three weeks,

koja je preminula u trećoj nedelji života,

and we know that the majority

i znamo da većina

of children that actually die

dece koja umre,

die in the first month of their life,

umre u prvom mesecu života,

and we know that if we give a bar of soap

i znamo da ako damo sapun

to every skilled birth attendant,

svakom učesniku porođaja,

and that if soap is used before touching the babies,

i ako se sapun koristi pre dodirivanja beba,

we can reduce and make a change

možemo smanjiti i promeniti

in terms of those numbers.

te brojke.

And that's what inspires me,

I to me inspiriše,

inspires me to continue in this mission,

inspiriše da nastavim sa tim zadatkom,

to know that I can equip her

da znam da mogu da je opremim

with what's needed

sa potrebnim

so that she can do

kako bi radila

the most beautiful job in the world:

najlepši posao na svetu:

nurturing her newborn.

negovanje svog novorođenčeta.

And next time you think of a gift

Kada sledećeg puta budete razmišljali o poklonu

for a new mom and her family,

za novopečenu majku i njenu porodicu,

don't look far: buy her soap.

ne razmišljajte mnogo: kupite joj sapun.

It's the most beautiful invention in public health.

To je najlepši izum u javnom zdravlju.

I hope you will join us

Nadam se da ćete nam se pridružiti

and make handwashing part of your daily lives

i učiniti pranje ruku delom svoje

and our daily lives

i naše svakodnevnice,

and help more children like Myo

i pomoći drugoj deci kao što je Mio

reach their fifth birthday.

da dožive 5. rođendan.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)