The unheard story of David and Goliath | Malcolm Gladwell

5,418,898 views ใƒป 2013-09-30

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Sieun Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jun-yeon Choi
00:12
So I wanted to tell a story
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ ์ฑ…์„ ์“ธ ๋‹น์‹œ
00:13
that really obsessed me when I was writing my new book,
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์ œ ๋จธ๋ฆฟ์†์„ ๋– ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋“ค๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
and it's a story of something that happened
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์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š”
00:20
3,000 years ago,
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3,000๋…„์ „์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
when the Kingdom of Israel was in its infancy.
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์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜ ์™•๊ตญ์ด ๋ง‰ ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚ฌ์„ ์ฆˆ์Œ,
00:25
And it takes place in an area called the Shephelah
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์žฅ์†Œ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜์˜ ์˜ํ† ์ธ
00:28
in what is now Israel.
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์‰ํŽ ๋ผ๋ผ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์ด์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
00:30
And the reason the story obsessed me is that
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์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ €๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žก์€ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
00:32
I thought I understood it, and then I went back over it
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ์•„๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
00:36
and I realized that I didn't understand it at all.
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๋˜๋Œ์•„๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ „ํ˜€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
Ancient Palestine had a -- along its eastern border,
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ํŒ”๋ ˆ์Šคํƒ€์ธ์˜ ๋™์ชฝ ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์—๋Š”
00:44
there's a mountain range.
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์‚ฐ๋งฅ์ด ์ด์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
Still same is true of Israel today.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜์˜ ๋™์ชฝ ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์ด ๋œ ์‚ฐ๋งฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
And in the mountain range are all of the ancient cities
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๊ทธ ์‚ฐ๋งฅ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค, ์˜ˆ๋ฃจ์‚ด๋ ˜
00:51
of that region, so Jerusalem, Bethlehem, Hebron.
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๋ฒ ๋“ค๋ ˆํ—ด, ํ—ค๋ธŒ๋ก ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์žก๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
And then there's a coastal plain
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ํ•ด์•ˆ ์ชฝ์—๋Š” ํ‰์•ผ๊ฐ€
00:57
along the Mediterranean, where Tel Aviv is now.
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์ง€์ค‘ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํŽผ์ณ์กŒ๋Š”๋ฐ ํ˜„์žฌ ํ…”์•„๋น„๋ธŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
And connecting the mountain range with the coastal plain
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์‚ฐ์•… ์ง€์—ญ๊ณผ ํ•ด์•ˆ ํ‰์•ผ๋ฅผ ์ž‡๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์ด
01:04
is an area called the Shephelah,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‰ํŽ ๋ผ์ธ๋ฐ,
01:06
which is a series of valleys and ridges that run east to west,
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๊ณจ์งœ๊ธฐ์™€ ์‚ฐ๋“ฑ์„ฑ์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ต์ฐจํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋™์ชฝ์—์„œ ์„œ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
and you can follow the Shephelah, go through the Shephelah
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‰ํŽ ๋ผ๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋ฉด
01:14
to get from the coastal plain to the mountains.
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ํ•ด์•ˆ ํ‰์›์—์„œ ์‚ฐ์•… ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
And the Shephelah, if you've been to Israel, you'll know
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์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜์„ ๊ฐ€๋ณด์‹  ๋ถ„์€ ์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
01:18
it's just about the most beautiful part of Israel.
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์‰ํŽ ๋ผ๋Š” ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
It's gorgeous, with forests of oak
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์˜คํฌ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋กœ ์šธ์ฐฝํ•œ ์ˆฒ๋“ค,
01:23
and wheat fields and vineyards.
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๋ฐ€๋ฐญ๊ณผ ํฌ๋„๋ฐญ, ๋ฌด์ฒ™ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๊ณณ์ด์ง€์š”.
01:26
But more importantly, though, in the history of that region,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์ด ์—ญ์‚ฌ ์†์—์„œ
01:29
it's served, it's had a real strategic function,
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์ „๋žต์  ์š”์ง€ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
and that is, it is the means by which hostile armies
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ํ•ด์•ˆ ํ‰์›์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ ์ด ์นจ์ž…ํ•ด ์˜ฌ ๋•Œ
01:36
on the coastal plain find their way,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•ด์„œ
01:38
get up into the mountains and threaten those living in the mountains.
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์‚ฐ ์œ„๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ผ์™€ ์‚ฐ์•… ์ง€์—ญ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์„ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
And 3,000 years ago, that's exactly what happens.
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์•ฝ 3,000๋…„ ์ „์— ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
The Philistines, who are the biggest of enemies
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์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜ ์™•๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ์ธ
01:49
of the Kingdom of Israel,
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ํŒ”๋ ˆ์Šคํƒ€์ธ์ธ๋“ค์€
01:51
are living in the coastal plain.
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ํ•ด์•ˆ ํ‰์›์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
They're originally from Crete. They're a seafaring people.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ณธ๋ž˜ ํฌ๋ ˆํ…Œ์„ฌ ์ถœ์‹ ์˜ ํ•ด์–‘ ๋ฏผ์กฑ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
And they may start to make their way
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ํŒ”๋ ˆ์Šคํƒ€์ธ์ธ๋“ค์€ ์ฐจ์ธฐ
01:58
through one of the valleys of the Shephelah
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์‰ํŽ ๋ผ ๊ณจ์งœ๊ธฐ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•ด
02:00
up into the mountains,
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์‚ฐ์•… ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์›€์ง์ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
because what they want to do is occupy the highland area
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๋ฒ ๋“ค๋ ˆํ—ด์˜ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜†
02:04
right by Bethlehem and split the Kingdom of Israel in two.
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์‚ฐ์•… ์ง€์—ญ์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•ด ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜ ์™•๊ตญ์„ ๋‘˜๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
And the Kingdom of Israel, which is headed by King Saul,
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์‚ฌ์šธ์™•์ด ๋‹ค์Šค๋ฆฌ๋˜ ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜ ์™•๊ตญ์€
02:11
obviously catches wind of this,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‚Œ์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ˜๊ณ 
02:13
and Saul brings his army down from the mountains
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์‚ฌ์šธ์™•์ด ๋ชธ์†Œ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋Œ๊ณ  ์‚ฐ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค์™€
02:16
and he confronts the Philistines in the Valley of Elah,
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์—˜๋ผ ๊ณจ์งœ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํŒ”๋ ˆ์Šคํƒ€์ธ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์™€ ๋งž์„ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
one of the most beautiful of the valleys of the Shephelah.
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์—˜๋ผ ๊ณจ์งœ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‰ํŽ ๋ผ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๊ณจ์งœ๊ธฐ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€์ฃ .
02:22
And the Israelites dig in along the northern ridge,
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์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋Š” ๋ถ์ชฝ ์‚ฐ๋“ฑ์„ฑ์ด์—
02:25
and the Philistines dig in along the southern ridge,
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ํŒ”๋ ˆ์Šคํƒ€์ธ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋Š” ๋‚จ์ชฝ ์‚ฐ๋“ฑ์„ฑ์ด์— ์ง„์˜์„ ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
and the two armies just sit there for weeks
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–‘์ชฝ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋Š” ๋ช‡์ฃผ๊ฐ„ ์ฃผ๋‘”ํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ
02:32
and stare at each other, because they're deadlocked.
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์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋ฉฐ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ๊ต์ฐฉ ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
Neither can attack the other, because to attack the other side
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์–ด๋–ค ์ชฝ๋„ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณจ์งœ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
02:36
you've got to come down the mountain into the valley
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์‚ฐ๋“ฑ์„ฑ์ด์—์„œ ๋‚ด๋ ค์™€์„œ ๊ณจ์งœ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‚˜
02:40
and then up the other side, and you're completely exposed.
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๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ชฝ ์‚ฐ๋“ฑ์„ฑ์ด๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€์•ผ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋•Œ ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์–ด ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์ž–์•„์š”.
02:42
So finally, to break the deadlock,
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ด ๊ต์ฐฉ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
02:44
the Philistines send their mightiest warrior
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ํŒ”๋ ˆ์Šคํƒ€์ธ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
02:47
down into the valley floor, and he calls out
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๊ณจ์งœ๊ธฐ ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
and he says to the Israelites,
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๊ทธ ์ „์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜ ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์™ธ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
"Send your mightiest warrior down,
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"๋„ˆํฌ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ „์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋ฉด
02:54
and we'll have this out, just the two of us."
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‘˜์ด ๊ฒฐํˆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฒŒ์—ฌ์„œ ์ด ์ „์Ÿ์˜ ์Šน๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ฒ ๋‹ค."
02:56
This was a tradition in ancient warfare called single combat.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „ํ†ต์  ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ „์Ÿ๋ฒ• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ 1 ๋Œ€ 1 ๊ฒฐํˆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
It was a way of settling disputes
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๋Œ€๋‹จ์œ„ ์ „ํˆฌ์™€ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๊ตฐ์ธ์˜ ํฌ์ƒ ๋Œ€์‹ 
03:02
without incurring the bloodshed of a major battle.
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๋ถ„์Ÿ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:06
And the Philistine who is sent down,
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ํŒ”๋ ˆ์Šคํƒ€์ธ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋‚ธ
03:09
their mighty warrior, is a giant.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ „์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ง๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์ธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
He's 6 foot 9.
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ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ 2๋ฏธํ„ฐ 5์„ผํ‹ฐ์˜€์–ด์š”.
03:13
He's outfitted head to toe in this glittering bronze armor,
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐœ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฒˆ์ฉ์ด๋Š” ์ฒญ๋™ ๊ฐ‘์˜ท์„ ์ž…๊ณ 
03:17
and he's got a sword and he's got a javelin
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์นผ๊ณผ ํˆฌ์ฐฝ์„
03:20
and he's got his spear. He is absolutely terrifying.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฐฝ๋„ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€์š”. ์ •๋ง ๋ฌด์‹œ๋ฌด์‹œํ•œ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
And he's so terrifying that none of the Israelite soldiers want to fight him.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด์‹œ๋ฌด์‹œํ–ˆ๋˜์ง€ ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜ ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋‚˜์„œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
It's a death wish, right? There's no way they think they can take him.
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์ฃฝ์œผ๋Ÿฌ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜€๊ฒ ์ฃ ? ๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ์ธ์„ ์ด๊ธธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
And finally the only person who will come forward
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ํ•œ ๋ช…์˜ ์ž์›์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:35
is this young shepherd boy,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์–‘์น˜๊ธฐ ์†Œ๋…„์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:37
and he goes up to Saul and he says, "I'll fight him."
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์†Œ๋…„์€ ์‚ฌ์šธ์™•์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์„œ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
03:40
And Saul says, "You can't fight him. That's ridiculous.
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์‚ฌ์šธ์™•์ด ๋‹ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋„Œ ๊ทธ์™€ ๊ฒจ๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค. ๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด์•ผ.
03:43
You're this kid. This is this mighty warrior."
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๋„Œ ๊ผฌ๋งน์ด๊ณ  ์ €์ชฝ์€ ๋ง‰๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ „์‚ฌ์•ผ."
03:45
But the shepherd is adamant. He says, "No, no, no,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–‘์น˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์š”์ง€๋ถ€๋™์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ ์š”."
03:48
you don't understand, I have been defending my flock
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"์ž„๊ธˆ๋‹˜์€ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„ ์–‘์„ ์น˜๋ฉด์„œ
03:51
against lions and wolves for years. I think I can do it."
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์‚ฌ์ž์™€ ๋Š‘๋Œ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–‘์„ ์ง€์ผœ์™”์–ด์š”. ์ „ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”."
03:55
And Saul has no choice. He's got no one else who's come forward.
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์‚ฌ์šธ์™•์€ ์„ ํƒ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์„œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
03:58
So he says, "All right."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ข‹๋‹ค."
03:59
And then he turns to the kid, and he says,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ์†Œ๋…„์„ ๋Œ์•„๋ณด๋ฉฐ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
04:01
"But you've got to wear this armor. You can't go as you are."
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"ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ‘์˜ท์„ ์ž…์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ทธ ์ฐจ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด."
04:04
So he tries to give the shepherd his armor,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์†Œ๋…„์—๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ‘์˜ท์„ ์ž…ํžˆ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
and the shepherd says, "No."
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์–‘์น˜๊ธฐ ์†Œ๋…„์ด ๋งํ•ด์š”. "์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”."
04:08
He says, "I can't wear this stuff."
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"์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑด ๋ชป ์ž…๊ฒ ์–ด์š”."
04:10
The Biblical verse is, "I cannot wear this for I have not proved it,"
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์„ฑ๊ฒฝ์—๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ด๊ฑธ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ ์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž…์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
04:14
meaning, "I've never worn armor before. You've got to be crazy."
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๊ทธ ๋ง์€ "๋‚œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑฐ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ๋„ ์ž…์–ด ๋ณธ ์  ์—†์–ด์š”. ์ž„๊ธˆ๋‹˜ ์ •์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์‹  ๊ฑฐ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”."
04:18
So he reaches down instead on the ground
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์†Œ๋…„์€ ๋Œ€์‹  ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ™์—ฌ
04:20
and picks up five stones
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๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ์žˆ๋˜ ๋Œ ๋‹ค์„ฏ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์›Œ์„œ
04:22
and puts them in his shepherd's bag
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๊ทธ์˜ ์–‘์น˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์— ๋„ฃ๊ณ ๋Š”
04:24
and starts to walk down the mountainside to meet the giant.
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๊ฑฐ์ธ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฐ๋น„ํƒˆ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
And the giant sees this figure approaching,
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๊ฑฐ์ธ์ด ๋ณด๋‹ˆ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
04:31
and calls out, "Come to me so I can feed your flesh
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์™ธ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ์™€๋ผ. ๋„ˆ์˜ ์‚ด์ ์„
04:34
to the birds of the heavens and the beasts of the field."
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ํ•˜๋Š˜์˜ ์ƒˆ์™€ ๋“ค์˜ ์ง์Šน์—๊ฒŒ ๋จน์ด๋กœ ์ค„ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ."
04:38
He issues this kind of taunt towards this person
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๋Š”
04:42
coming to fight him.
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๋„์ „์ž๋ฅผ ์กฐ๋กฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
And the shepherd draws closer and closer,
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์–‘์น˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ ์  ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค์ž
04:47
and the giant sees that he's carrying a staff.
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๊ฑฐ์ธ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ์ง€ํŒก์ด๋ฅผ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
That's all he's carrying.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์†์— ๋“  ๊ฑด ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์˜€์–ด์š”.
04:51
Instead of a weapon, just this shepherd's staff,
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๋ฌด๊ธฐ ๋Œ€์‹ , ๊ฒจ์šฐ ์–‘์„ ์น˜๋Š” ์ง€ํŒก์ด์š”.
04:53
and he says -- he's insulted --
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๊ฑฐ์ธ์€ ๋ชจ์š•์„ ๋‹นํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ง€์š”.
04:55
"Am I a dog that you would come to me with sticks?"
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"๋‚˜๋ฌด ๋ง‰๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์˜ค๋‹ค๋‹ˆ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋‚˜?"
04:59
And the shepherd boy takes one of his stones
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์–‘์น˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์—์„œ
05:02
out of his pocket, puts it in his sling
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์กฐ์•ฝ๋Œ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๊บผ๋‚ด ๋ฌผ๋งค์— ๋ผ์šฐ๊ณ 
05:05
and rolls it around and lets it fly
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๋น™๋น™ ๋Œ๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋Œ์„ ๋‚ ๋ ค๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
and it hits the giant right between the eyes --
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๊ทธ ๋Œ์€ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ์ธ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ˆˆ ์‚ฌ์ด,
05:10
right here, in his most vulnerable spot --
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ, ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋งž์ท„์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
and he falls down either dead or unconscious,
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๊ฑฐ์ธ์€ ์ฆ‰์‚ฌํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ •์‹ ์„ ์žƒ์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์“ฐ๋Ÿฌ์กŒ๊ณ 
05:15
and the shepherd boy runs up and takes his sword
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์–‘์น˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฒ€์„ ๊บผ๋‚ด
05:18
and cuts off his head,
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์“ฐ๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ๊ฑฐ์ธ์˜ ๋ชฉ์„ ๋ฒ ์–ด ๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
and the Philistines see this and they turn and they just run.
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์ด ๊ด‘๊ฒฝ์„ ์ง€์ผœ ๋ณธ ํŒ”๋ ˆ์Šคํƒ€์ธ์ธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๊ธธ๋กœ ๋„๋ง์ณ ๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
And of course, the name of the giant is Goliath
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด ๊ฑฐ์ธ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์ด๊ณ 
05:29
and the name of the shepherd boy is David,
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์–‘์น˜๊ธฐ ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ๋‹ค์œ—์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
and the reason that story has obsessed me
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์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ €๋ฅผ ๊ทธํ† ๋ก ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žก์€ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
05:35
over the course of writing my book
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ฑ…์„ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
05:36
is that everything I thought I knew about that story
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์ด์ „๊นŒ์ง€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด
05:39
turned out to be wrong.
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ํ‹€๋ ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
So David, in that story, is supposed to be the underdog, right?
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ์†์˜ ๋‹ค์œ—์€ ์•ฝ์ž์˜ ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋งž์ง€์š”?
05:46
In fact, that term, David and Goliath,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„ ์ค‘
05:48
has entered our language as a metaphor for
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"๋‹ค์œ—๊ณผ ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—" ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์€
05:51
improbable victories
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด ๋ณด์˜€๋˜ ์Šน๋ฆฌ๋‚˜
05:53
by some weak party over someone far stronger.
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์•ฝํ•œ ์ชฝ์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ชฝ์„ ์ด๊ธธ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
Now why do we call David an underdog?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™œ ๋‹ค์œ—์„ ์•ฝ์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
05:58
Well, we call him an underdog because he's a kid,
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์•„๋งˆ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์†Œ๋…„์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ–ˆ๊ณ 
06:01
a little kid, and Goliath is this big, strong giant.
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๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์ธ์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
We also call him an underdog
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
06:07
because Goliath is an experienced warrior,
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๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ „์‚ฌ์˜€์Œ์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด
06:11
and David is just a shepherd.
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๋‹ค์œ—์€ ํ•œ๋‚ฑ ๋ชฉ๋™์— ์ง€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ง€์š”.
06:12
But most importantly, we call him an underdog
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์œ—์„ ์•ฝ์ž๋กœ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
06:15
because all he has is -- it's that Goliath is outfitted with
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๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์€ ๋‹น์‹œ ์ตœ์‹ ์˜
06:20
all of this modern weaponry,
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๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ณ 
06:22
this glittering coat of armor
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๋ฒˆ์ฉ ๋ฒˆ์ฉ ๋น›๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐ‘์˜ท์„ ์ž…๊ณ 
06:24
and a sword and a javelin and a spear,
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์นผ๊ณผ ํˆฌ์ฐฝ๊ณผ ์ฐฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ฐ ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด
06:27
and all David has is this sling.
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๋‹ค์œ—์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌผ๋งค ๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
Well, let's start there with the phrase
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์ž, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์šฐ์„ 
06:33
"All David has is this sling,"
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"๋‹ค์œ—์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌผ๋งค ๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค" ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:35
because that's the first mistake that we make.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ฐฉ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
In ancient warfare, there are three kinds of warriors.
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ „ํˆฌ๋ฒ•์—๋Š” ์„ธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ „์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
There's cavalry, men on horseback and with chariots.
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๋ง์„ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์ „์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋„๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ,
06:45
There's heavy infantry, which are foot soldiers,
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์นผ๊ณผ ๋ฐฉํŒจ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋“  ๊ฐ‘์˜ท์œผ๋กœ
06:48
armed foot soldiers with swords and shields
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์ค‘๋ฌด์žฅํ•œ ์ค‘๋ณด๋ณ‘๋‹จ์˜
06:51
and some kind of armor.
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๋ณด๋ณ‘๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
06:53
And there's artillery, and artillery are archers,
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํฌ๋ณ‘๋‹จ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด ์ค‘์—๋Š” ๊ถ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
06:56
but, more importantly, slingers.
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๋” ๋น„์ค‘์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฌผ๋งค๋ฅผ ์˜๋Š” ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
And a slinger is someone who has a leather pouch
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๋ฌผ๋งค๋ฅผ ์˜๋Š” ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
07:01
with two long cords attached to it,
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๋‘๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ธด ๋ˆ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฐ ๊ฐ€์ฃฝ ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์—
07:04
and they put a projectile, either a rock or a lead ball,
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๋Œ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‚ฉํƒ„ํ™˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์žฅ์ฐฉํ•œ ๋’ค
07:07
inside the pouch, and they whirl it around like this
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต์ค‘์—์„œ ๋Œ๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
07:10
and they let one of the cords go,
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ํ•œ์ชฝ ๋ˆ์„ ๋†“์œผ๋ฉด
07:13
and the effect is to send the projectile forward
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๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด
07:17
towards its target.
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๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
That's what David has, and it's important to understand
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์œ—์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€
07:23
that that sling is not a slingshot.
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์ด ๋ฌผ๋งค๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
It's not this, right? It's not a child's toy.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ์• ๋“ค ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
It's in fact an incredibly devastating weapon.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ์œ„ํ˜‘์ ์ธ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
When David rolls it around like this,
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๋‹ค์œ—์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌผ๋งค๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ฆด ๋•Œ,
07:35
he's turning the sling around probably
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์•„๋งˆ ๊ทธ๋Š” 1์ดˆ์— ์•ฝ
07:38
at six or seven revolutions per second,
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6-7๋ฒˆ์˜ ์†๋„๋กœ ๋Œ๋ ธ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
07:41
and that means that when the rock is released,
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๊ทธ ๋ง์€ ๋ฌผ๋งท๋Œ์ด ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ ๋์„ ๋•Œ
07:45
it's going forward really fast,
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๋Œ์˜ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋น ๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
probably 35 meters per second.
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์ดˆ์† ์•ฝ 35๋ฏธํ„ฐ์ฏค ๋์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
That's substantially faster than a baseball
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์ด ์†๋„๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅธ
07:52
thrown by even the finest of baseball pitchers.
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์•ผ๊ตฌ ํˆฌ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ๊ณต์˜ ์†๋„๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
More than that, the stones in the Valley of Elah
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์—˜๋ผ ๊ณจ์งœ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋Œ์€
08:00
were not normal rocks. They were barium sulphate,
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ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ๋Œ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์ •์„์ด๋ผ๊ณ 
08:03
which are rocks twice the density of normal stones.
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๋ณดํ†ต ๋Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‘๋ฐฐ ์ •๋„ ๋†’์€ ๋Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:06
If you do the calculations on the ballistics,
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ํƒ„๋„ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด
08:09
on the stopping power of the rock fired from David's sling,
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๋‹ค์œ—์˜ ๋ฌผ๋งค์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ๋œ ๋Œ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํž˜์€
08:13
it's roughly equal to the stopping power
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.45 ๊ตฌ๊ฒฝ ๊ถŒ์ด์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ๋œ
08:15
of a [.45 caliber] handgun.
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์ด์•Œ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋Š” ํž˜๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
This is an incredibly devastating weapon.
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๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋ฌด์‹œ๋ฌด์‹œํ•œ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
Accuracy, we know from historical records
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์ •ํ™•์„ฑ์„ ๋”ฐ์ ธ๋ณด๋ฉด, ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋ก์—์„œ
08:26
that slingers -- experienced slingers could hit
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๊ฒฝํ—˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌผ๋งท๋Œ ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋Š”
08:30
and maim or even kill a target at distances of up to 200 yards.
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182 ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋งž์ถฐ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฃฝ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
From medieval tapestries, we know that slingers
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์ค‘์„ธ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ํƒœํ”ผ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด
08:39
were capable of hitting birds in flight.
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๋ฌผ๋งท๋Œ์„ ์˜์•„์„œ ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋งž์ถ”๋Š” ์žฅ๋ฉด์ด ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
They were incredibly accurate.
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๊ทธ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์•„์ฃผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งž์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:44
When David lines up -- and he's not 200 yards away from Goliath,
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๋‹ค์œ—์ด ์กฐ์ค€์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 182๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋‚˜ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
08:48
he's quite close to Goliath --
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์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
08:49
when he lines up and fires that thing at Goliath,
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๋‹ค์œ—์ด ์กฐ์ค€์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋Œ์„ ๋‚ ๋ฆด ๋•Œ
08:53
he has every intention and every expectation
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ ๋‘ ๋ˆˆ ์‚ฌ์ด ์ •์ค‘์•™์„
08:56
of being able to hit Goliath at his most vulnerable spot
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋งž์ถ”๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋„์™€
08:59
between his eyes.
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋งž์ถœ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ™•์‹ ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
If you go back over the history of ancient warfare,
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ „ํˆฌ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด
09:02
you will find time and time again
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฒˆ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ „ํˆฌ์—์„œ
09:05
that slingers were the decisive factor against infantry
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๋ฌผ๋งท๋Œ ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์žฅํ•œ ๋ณด๋ณ‘๋“ค์„
09:09
in one kind of battle or another.
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์ƒ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •์  ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
So what's Goliath? He's heavy infantry,
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๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์€ ๋ญ์˜€๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ค‘๋ฌด์žฅํ•œ ๋ณด๋ณ‘์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
and his expectation when he challenges the Israelites to a duel
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜์ธ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ผ๋Œ€์ผ ๊ฒฐํˆฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ ์ฒญํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š”
09:23
is that he's going to be fighting another heavy infantryman.
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๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ค‘๋ฌด์žฅํ•œ ๋ณด๋ณ‘์ด ๋‚˜์˜ฌ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
When he says, "Come to me that I might
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ "๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ์™€์„œ ๋‚˜์™€ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋ผ,
09:29
feed your flesh to the birds of the heavens and the beasts of the field,"
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ค ์‚ด์„ ํ•˜๋Š˜์˜ ์ƒˆ์™€ ๋•…์˜ ์ง์Šน์—๊ฒŒ ๋จน์ผํ…Œ๋‹ˆ" ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
09:32
the key phrase is "Come to me."
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ "๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ์™€์„œ" ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
Come up to me because we're going to fight,
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๋‚˜ํ•œํ…Œ ์™€๋ผ, ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
09:36
hand to hand, like this.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์œก๋ฐ•์ „์„ ๋ฒŒ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ.
09:38
Saul has the same expectation.
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์‚ฌ์šธ ์—ญ์‹œ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
David says, "I want to fight Goliath,"
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๋‹ค์œ—์ด "์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—๊ณผ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค" ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
09:42
and Saul tries to give him his armor,
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์‚ฌ์šธ์€ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ‘์˜ท์„ ์ฃผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
09:44
because Saul is thinking, "Oh, when you say 'fight Goliath,'
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉดํ•˜ ์‚ฌ์šธ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— "์˜ค, ๋„ค๊ฐ€ '๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—๊ณผ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ฒ ๋‹ค.' ๋Š” ๊ฑด
09:47
you mean 'fight him in hand-to-hand combat,'
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์œก๋ฐ•์ „์„ ๋ฒŒ์ด๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ตฌ๋‚˜
09:50
infantry on infantry."
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๋ณด๋ณ‘ ๋Œ€ ๋ณด๋ณ‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ง์ด์•ผ."๋ž€ ์˜๋ฏธ์˜€์–ด์š”.
09:52
But David has absolutely no expectation.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์œ—์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
He's not going to fight him that way. Why would he?
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๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์œก๋ฐ•์ „ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‹ธ์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
09:58
He's a shepherd. He's spent his entire career
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๋ชฉ๋™์ด์ž–์•„์š”. ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ผ์ƒ ๋‚ด๋‚ด
10:01
using a sling to defend his flock against lions and wolves.
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๋ฌผ๋งค๋ฅผ ์จ์„œ ์‚ฌ์ž์™€ ๋Š‘๋Œ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–‘๋–ผ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ผฐ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
That's where his strength lies.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
10:07
So here he is, this shepherd, experienced
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒํ•ด์„œ ์ด ์–‘์น˜๊ธฐ๋Š”
10:09
in the use of a devastating weapon,
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์Œ“์€ ๋”์ฐํ•œ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋‚˜๊ฐ€
10:11
up against this lumbering giant
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์œก์ค‘ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์ธ์— ๋งž์„  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
weighed down by a hundred pounds of armor
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์ธ์€ ๊ทผ์ ‘์ „์—์„œ๋‚˜ ์œ ์šฉํ• 
10:17
and these incredibly heavy weapons
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด ๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋“ค๊ณผ
10:18
that are useful only in short-range combat.
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ ํ‚ฌ๋กœ ๊ฐ‘์˜ท์˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ์งŠ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:22
Goliath is a sitting duck. He doesn't have a chance.
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๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์€ ๋ง๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์•‰์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ค๋ฆฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์กฐ์ฐจ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
10:26
So why do we keep calling David an underdog,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ๋„ ์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์œ—์„ ์•ฝ์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
10:29
and why do we keep referring to his victory as improbable?
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ๋˜ ์Šน๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃฌ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
10:35
There's a second piece of this that's important.
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
It's not just that we misunderstand David
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์œ—๊ณผ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ ์„ ํƒ์„
10:41
and his choice of weaponry.
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์ž˜๋ชป ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ์„ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
10:43
It's also that we profoundly misunderstand Goliath.
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๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ž˜๋ชป ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
Goliath is not what he seems to be.
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๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑฐ์ธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
There's all kinds of hints of this in the Biblical text,
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์„ฑ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‹ค๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
things that are in retrospect quite puzzling
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ „์‚ฌ์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์— ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”
10:56
and don't square with his image as this mighty warrior.
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๋‹ค์†Œ ์˜์•„ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:00
So to begin with, the Bible says that Goliath
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์šฐ์„  ์„ฑ๊ฒฝ์€ ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์ด
11:04
is led onto the valley floor by an attendant.
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์‹œ์ข…์„ ์•ž์„ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ๊ณจ์งœ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:08
Now that is weird, right?
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์ด์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:10
Here is this mighty warrior
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๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ „์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
11:12
challenging the Israelites to one-on-one combat.
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์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ๋Œ€์ผ ์ „ํˆฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ ์ฒญํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š”๋ฐ
11:15
Why is he being led by the hand
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์™œ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์†Œ๋…„์ด์—ˆ์„
11:17
by some young boy, presumably,
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์‹œ์ข…์˜ ์†์„ ์žก๊ณ 
11:20
to the point of combat?
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๊ฒฐํˆฌ์žฅ์— ๋‚˜์™”๋˜ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ?
11:23
Secondly, the Bible story makes special note
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ, ์„ฑ๊ฒฝ์—๋Š” ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์ด
11:27
of how slowly Goliath moves,
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์˜€๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๋‚˜์™€์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:30
another odd thing to say when you're describing
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ „์‚ฌ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„
11:32
the mightiest warrior known to man at that point.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์น˜๋ฉด ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:36
And then there's this whole weird thing
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์ ์€
11:38
about how long it takes Goliath to react
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๋‹ค์œ—์„ ๋ณธ ํ›„ ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์ด
11:42
to the sight of David.
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๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
So David's coming down the mountain,
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์ž, ๋‹ค์œ—์ด ์‚ฐ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
11:47
and he's clearly not preparing for hand-to-hand combat.
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๋”ฑ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์œกํƒ„์ „์„ ํ• ๋งŒํ•œ ์ „์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
11:51
There is nothing about him that says,
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๋‹ค์œ—์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
11:53
"I am about to fight you like this."
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"๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์‹ธ์šธ๊ฑฐ๋‹ค" ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†์–ด์š”.
11:55
He's not even carrying a sword.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์นผ๋„ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
Why does Goliath not react to that?
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๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์€ ์™œ ์ด ๋ชจ์Šต์— ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ์—†์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
11:59
It's as if he's oblivious to what's going on that day.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์กฐ์ฐจ ๊นจ๋‹ซ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:03
And then there's that strange comment he makes to David:
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์ด ๋‹ค์œ—์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฑด๋„จ ๋ง๋„ ์ฐธ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:07
"Am I a dog that you should come to me with sticks?"
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"๋‚˜๋ฌด ๋ง‰๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์˜ค๋‹ค๋‹ˆ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๋Š๋ƒ?"
12:12
Sticks? David only has one stick.
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๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ง‰๋Œ€๊ธฐ'๋“ค' ์ด๋ผ๋‡จ? ๋‹ค์œ—์€ ํ•œ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ง€ํŒก์ด๋งŒ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
Well, it turns out that there's been a great deal
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์˜ํ•™๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„
12:18
of speculation within the medical community over the years
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๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์˜ ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
12:21
about whether there is something
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ถ”๋ก ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:23
fundamentally wrong with Goliath,
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๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์— ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
an attempt to make sense of all of those apparent anomalies.
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์ด ์ด์ƒํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
12:30
There have been many articles written.
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์ด ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด ์“ฐ์—ฌ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:31
The first one was in 1960 in the Indiana Medical Journal,
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1960๋…„ ์ฒซ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด ์ธ๋””์•„๋‚˜ ์˜ํ•™ ์žก์ง€์— ์‹ค๋ฆฐ ๋’ค
12:35
and it started a chain of speculation
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๊ทธ ๋’ค ์ค„์ง€์–ด ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์˜ ํ‚ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
12:37
that starts with an explanation for Goliath's height.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ•ด์„์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
So Goliath is head and shoulders above
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๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์€ ๋‹น์‹œ ๋ณดํ†ต ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค
12:43
all of his peers in that era,
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์–ด๊นจ์™€ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ปธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
and usually when someone is that far out of the norm,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ •๋„๊นŒ์ง€ ํ‰๊ท ์น˜์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š”
12:49
there's an explanation for it.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:51
So the most common form of giantism
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๊ฑฐ์ธ์ฆ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š”
12:54
is a condition called acromegaly,
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๋ง๋‹จ ๋น„๋Œ€์ฆ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆํ™˜์ธ๋ฐ
12:57
and acromegaly is caused by a benign tumor
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์ด๋Š” ๋‡Œํ•˜์ˆ˜์ฒด์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š”
13:00
on your pituitary gland
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์–‘์„ฑ ์ข…์–‘์— ์˜ํ•ด
13:02
that causes an overproduction of human growth hormone.
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์„ฑ์žฅ ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ์ด ๊ณผ์ž‰ ๋ถ„๋น„๋˜๋Š” ๋ณ‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:05
And throughout history, many of the most famous giants
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ ๋ช…ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑฐ์ธ๋“ค์€
13:09
have all had acromegaly.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ด ๋ง๋‹จ ๋น„๋Œ€์ฆ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:10
So the tallest person of all time
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์ธ๊ฐ„ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ์ปธ๋˜
13:12
was a guy named Robert Wadlow
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๋กœ๋ฒ„ํŠธ ์™€๋“ค๋กœ์šฐ๋Š”
13:14
who was still growing when he died at the age of 24
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24์„ธ์— ์‚ฌ๋ง ์‹œ ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ 2 ๋ฏธํ„ฐ 72 ์„ผํ‹ฐ์˜€๊ณ 
13:17
and he was 8 foot 11.
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์ฃฝ์„ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:20
He had acromegaly.
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๋ง๋‹จ ๋น„๋Œ€์ฆ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:21
Do you remember the wrestler Andrรฉ the Giant?
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ํ”„๋กœ ๋ ˆ์Šฌ๋ง ์„ ์ˆ˜์˜€๋˜ ์•ˆ๋“œ๋ ˆ ๋” ์ž์ด์–ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”?
13:24
Famous. He had acromegaly.
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์œ ๋ช…ํ•˜์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋„ ๋ง๋‹จ ๋น„๋Œ€์ฆ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:26
There's even speculation that Abraham Lincoln had acromegaly.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์•„๋ธŒ๋ผํ•จ ๋ง์ปจ์ด ๋ง๋‹จ ๋น„๋Œ€์ฆ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™์„ค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:30
Anyone who's unusually tall,
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์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
13:31
that's the first explanation we come up with.
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์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ์˜์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณ‘์ด ์ด ๋ง๋‹จ ๋น„๋Œ€์ฆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:34
And acromegaly has a very distinct set of side effects
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๋ง๋‹จ ๋น„๋Œ€์ฆ์€ ํŠน์œ ์˜
13:38
associated with it,
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๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
13:39
principally having to do with vision.
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์ฃผ๋กœ ์‹œ๋ ฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:43
The pituitary tumor, as it grows,
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๋‡Œํ•˜์ˆ˜์ฒด ์ข…์–‘์€ ์ž๋ผ๋ฉด์„œ
13:46
often starts to compress the visual nerves in your brain,
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์ข…์ข… ๋‡Œ์˜ ์‹œ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ์••๋ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:50
with the result that people with acromegaly
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ง๋‹จ ๋น„๋Œ€์ฆ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์€
13:53
have either double vision or they are profoundly nearsighted.
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ํ•œ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ฐœ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ฌํ•œ ๊ณ ๋„ ๊ทผ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
So when people have started to speculate
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€
14:01
about what might have been wrong with Goliath,
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
14:04
they've said, "Wait a minute,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ž ๊น๋งŒ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค ๋ด.
14:05
he looks and sounds an awful lot like someone
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๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์˜ ํŠน์ง•๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
14:08
who has acromegaly."
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๋ง๋‹จ ๋น„๋Œ€์ฆ ํ™˜์ž์™€ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ๋ฐ."
14:10
And that would also explain so much of what was strange
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์ด ์ด๋ก ์€ ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์ด ๋‹ค์œ—๊ณผ ์‹ธ์šด ๋‚ 
14:12
about his behavior that day.
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๋ณด์˜€๋˜ ์ด์ƒ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:15
Why does he move so slowly
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์˜€๋Š”์ง€
14:16
and have to be escorted down into the valley floor
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์™œ ๊ณจ์งœ๊ธฐ ์•„๋ž˜๊นŒ์ง€
14:20
by an attendant?
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์‹œ์ข…์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Œ๋ ค ๋‚ด๋ ค์™”๋Š”์ง€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ ๋“ค์ด์š”.
14:21
Because he can't make his way on his own.
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๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์€ ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ๋Š” ๊ณจ์งœ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ ค์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:24
Why is he so strangely oblivious to David
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๋˜ ๋‹ค์œ—์ด ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ์œก๋ฐ•์ „์„ ๋ฒŒ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ
14:28
that he doesn't understand that David's not going to fight him
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
14:30
until the very last moment?
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์ด์ƒํ•  ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ƒํ™ฉ ํŒŒ์•…์„ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑด ์–ด์งธ์„œ์˜€์„๊นŒ์š”?
14:32
Because he can't see him.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์œ—์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:35
When he says, "Come to me that I might feed your flesh
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๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์ด "๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋ผ. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ค ์‚ด์ ์„
14:38
to the birds of the heavens and the beasts of the field,"
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๊ณต์ค‘์˜ ์ƒˆ์™€ ๋“ค์˜ ์ง์Šน์—๊ฒŒ ๋จน์ด๋ฆฌ๋ผ," ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
14:41
the phrase "come to me" is a hint also of his vulnerability.
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"๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋ผ" ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์•ฝ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์‹ค๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
Come to me because I can't see you.
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๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ์™€๋ผ, ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ,๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:48
And then there's, "Am I a dog that you should come to me with sticks?"
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๋˜ "๋‚˜๋ฌด ๋ง‰๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์˜ค๋‹ค๋‹ˆ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š๋ƒ?" ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
14:54
He sees two sticks when David has only one.
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๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์€ ๋‘๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ๋ง‰๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์œ—์€ ํ•œ๊ฐœ๋งŒ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ๋„์š”.
14:59
So the Israelites up on the mountain ridge
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์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜์ธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฐ ์œ„์— ์ง„์„ ์น˜๊ณ 
15:02
looking down on him thought he was
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉฐ
15:04
this extraordinarily powerful foe.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋†€๋ผ์šธ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:07
What they didn't understand was that
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€
15:09
the very thing that was the source of his apparent strength
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์˜ ๊ฐ•์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ ์ด
15:12
was also the source of his greatest weakness.
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๊ณจ๋ฆฌ์•—์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์•ฝ์ ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:16
And there is, I think, in that,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€
15:18
a very important lesson for all of us.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
Giants are not as strong and powerful as they seem.
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๊ฑฐ์ธ๋“ค์€ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒํผ ํž˜์„ธ๊ณ  ๊ฐ•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:25
And sometimes the shepherd boy has a sling in his pocket.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋ชฉ๋™์ด ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ ์†์— ๋ฌผ๋งค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:30
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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