The unheard story of David and Goliath | Malcolm Gladwell

5,439,037 views ・ 2013-09-30

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μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Sieun Lee κ²€ν† : Jun-yeon Choi
00:12
So I wanted to tell a story
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μ œκ°€ μƒˆ 책을 μ“Έ λ‹Ήμ‹œ
00:13
that really obsessed me when I was writing my new book,
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제 머릿속을 λ– λ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ˜ 이야기λ₯Ό ν•˜λ‚˜ λ“€λ €λ“œλ¦¬κ³ μž ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:17
and it's a story of something that happened
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이 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ”
00:20
3,000 years ago,
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3,000년전에 μΌμ–΄λ‚œ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:22
when the Kingdom of Israel was in its infancy.
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μ΄μŠ€λΌμ—˜ 왕ꡭ이 막 생겨났을 즈음,
00:25
And it takes place in an area called the Shephelah
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μž₯μ†ŒλŠ” μ§€κΈˆ μ΄μŠ€λΌμ—˜μ˜ μ˜ν† μΈ
00:28
in what is now Israel.
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μ‰νŽ λΌλΌλŠ” μ§€μ—­μ΄μ—ˆμ§€μš”.
00:30
And the reason the story obsessed me is that
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이 이야기가 μ €λ₯Ό μ‚¬λ‘œμž‘μ€ μ΄μœ λŠ”
00:32
I thought I understood it, and then I went back over it
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μ²˜μŒμ—λŠ” μ œκ°€ 잘 μ•„λŠ” 이야기라고 μƒκ°ν–ˆλŠ”λ°
00:36
and I realized that I didn't understand it at all.
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λ˜λŒμ•„λ³΄λ‹ˆ 사싀 μ „ν˜€ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆμŒμ„ κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:40
Ancient Palestine had a -- along its eastern border,
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κ³ λŒ€ νŒ”λ ˆμŠ€νƒ€μΈμ˜ 동μͺ½ κ΅­κ²½μ—λŠ”
00:44
there's a mountain range.
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μ‚°λ§₯이 이어져 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:46
Still same is true of Israel today.
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ μ΄μŠ€λΌμ—˜μ˜ 동μͺ½ ꡭ경이 된 μ‚°λ§₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:48
And in the mountain range are all of the ancient cities
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κ·Έ μ‚°λ§₯을 따라 κ·Έ μ§€μ—­μ˜ κ³ λŒ€ λ„μ‹œλ“€, μ˜ˆλ£¨μ‚΄λ ˜
00:51
of that region, so Jerusalem, Bethlehem, Hebron.
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λ² λ“€λ ˆν—΄, ν—€λΈŒλ‘ μ΄ 자리작고 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:55
And then there's a coastal plain
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ν•΄μ•ˆ μͺ½μ—λŠ” 평야가
00:57
along the Mediterranean, where Tel Aviv is now.
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지쀑해λ₯Ό 따라 νŽΌμ³μ‘ŒλŠ”λ° ν˜„μž¬ ν…”μ•„λΉ„λΈŒκ°€ μžˆλŠ” κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:01
And connecting the mountain range with the coastal plain
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μ‚°μ•… 지역과 ν•΄μ•ˆ 평야λ₯Ό μž‡λŠ” 지역이
01:04
is an area called the Shephelah,
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λ°”λ‘œ μ‰νŽ λΌμΈλ°,
01:06
which is a series of valleys and ridges that run east to west,
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κ³¨μ§œκΈ°μ™€ 산등성이가 κ΅μ°¨ν•˜λ©° 동μͺ½μ—μ„œ μ„œμͺ½μœΌλ‘œ μ΄μ–΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:10
and you can follow the Shephelah, go through the Shephelah
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ‰νŽ λΌλ₯Ό ν†΅κ³Όν•˜λ©΄
01:14
to get from the coastal plain to the mountains.
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ν•΄μ•ˆ ν‰μ›μ—μ„œ μ‚°μ•… μ§€μ—­μœΌλ‘œ μ΄μ–΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:16
And the Shephelah, if you've been to Israel, you'll know
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μ΄μŠ€λΌμ—˜μ„ 가보신 뢄은 μ•„μ‹œκ² μ§€λ§Œ
01:18
it's just about the most beautiful part of Israel.
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μ‰νŽ λΌλŠ” μ΄μŠ€λΌμ—˜μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μš΄ κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:20
It's gorgeous, with forests of oak
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였크 λ‚˜λ¬΄λ‘œ μšΈμ°½ν•œ μˆ²λ“€,
01:23
and wheat fields and vineyards.
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λ°€λ°­κ³Ό 포도밭, 무척 μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μš΄ κ³³μ΄μ§€μš”.
01:26
But more importantly, though, in the history of that region,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 더 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은 이 지역이 역사 μ†μ—μ„œ
01:29
it's served, it's had a real strategic function,
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μ „λž΅μ  μš”μ§€ 역할을 ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:33
and that is, it is the means by which hostile armies
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ν•΄μ•ˆ ν‰μ›μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° 적이 μΉ¨μž…ν•΄ 올 λ•Œ
01:36
on the coastal plain find their way,
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λ°”λ‘œ 이 지역을 ν†΅κ³Όν•΄μ„œ
01:38
get up into the mountains and threaten those living in the mountains.
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μ‚° μœ„λ‘œ μ˜¬λΌμ™€ μ‚°μ•… 지역에 μ‚¬λŠ” 주민듀을 κ³΅κ²©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:42
And 3,000 years ago, that's exactly what happens.
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μ•½ 3,000λ…„ 전에 λ°”λ‘œ 그런 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:45
The Philistines, who are the biggest of enemies
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μ΄μŠ€λΌμ—˜ μ™•κ΅­μ˜ κ°€μž₯ κ°•λŒ€ν•œ 적인
01:49
of the Kingdom of Israel,
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νŒ”λ ˆμŠ€νƒ€μΈμΈλ“€μ€
01:51
are living in the coastal plain.
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ν•΄μ•ˆ ν‰μ›μ—μ„œ μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:53
They're originally from Crete. They're a seafaring people.
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그듀은 본래 ν¬λ ˆν…Œμ„¬ μΆœμ‹ μ˜ ν•΄μ–‘ λ―Όμ‘±μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:56
And they may start to make their way
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νŒ”λ ˆμŠ€νƒ€μΈμΈλ“€μ€ μ°¨μΈ°
01:58
through one of the valleys of the Shephelah
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μ‰νŽ λΌ 골짜기 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό 톡과해
02:00
up into the mountains,
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μ‚°μ•… μ§€μ—­μœΌλ‘œ 움직이기 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:02
because what they want to do is occupy the highland area
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ λͺ©μ μ€ λ² λ“€λ ˆν—΄μ˜ λ°”λ‘œ μ˜†
02:04
right by Bethlehem and split the Kingdom of Israel in two.
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μ‚°μ•… 지역을 차지해 μ΄μŠ€λΌμ—˜ 왕ꡭ을 λ‘˜λ‘œ λ‚˜λˆ„λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:08
And the Kingdom of Israel, which is headed by King Saul,
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μ‚¬μšΈμ™•μ΄ λ‹€μŠ€λ¦¬λ˜ μ΄μŠ€λΌμ—˜ 왕ꡭ은
02:11
obviously catches wind of this,
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이런 λ‚Œμƒˆλ₯Ό 눈치챘고
02:13
and Saul brings his army down from the mountains
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μ‚¬μšΈμ™•μ΄ λͺΈμ†Œ κ΅°λŒ€λ₯Ό 끌고 산을 내렀와
02:16
and he confronts the Philistines in the Valley of Elah,
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μ—˜λΌ κ³¨μ§œκΈ°μ—μ„œ νŒ”λ ˆμŠ€νƒ€μΈ κ΅°λŒ€μ™€ λ§žμ„°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:19
one of the most beautiful of the valleys of the Shephelah.
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μ—˜λΌ κ³¨μ§œκΈ°λŠ” μ‰νŽ λΌμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μš΄ 골짜기 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜€μ£ .
02:22
And the Israelites dig in along the northern ridge,
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μ΄μŠ€λΌμ—˜ κ΅°λŒ€λŠ” 뢁μͺ½ 산등성이에
02:25
and the Philistines dig in along the southern ridge,
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νŒ”λ ˆμŠ€νƒ€μΈ κ΅°λŒ€λŠ” 남μͺ½ 산등성이에 μ§„μ˜μ„ μ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:29
and the two armies just sit there for weeks
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그리고 μ–‘μͺ½ κ΅°λŒ€λŠ” λͺ‡μ£Όκ°„ μ£Όλ‘”ν•œ μƒνƒœλ‘œ
02:32
and stare at each other, because they're deadlocked.
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μƒλŒ€λ°©μ„ 바라보며 아무것도 ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ–΄μš”. ꡐ착 μƒνƒœκ°€ μΌμ–΄λ‚œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:34
Neither can attack the other, because to attack the other side
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μ–΄λ–€ μͺ½λ„ 곡격을 ν•  수 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 골짜기의 λ°˜λŒ€νŽΈμ— μžˆλŠ” 적을 κ³΅κ²©ν•˜λ €λ©΄
02:36
you've got to come down the mountain into the valley
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μ‚°λ“±μ„±μ΄μ—μ„œ λ‚΄λ €μ™€μ„œ 골짜기λ₯Ό μ§€λ‚˜
02:40
and then up the other side, and you're completely exposed.
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λ°˜λŒ€μͺ½ 산등성이λ₯Ό μ˜¬λΌκ°€μ•Ό λ˜λŠ”λ°, μ΄λ•Œ μœ„μΉ˜κ°€ μ™„μ „νžˆ λ…ΈμΆœλ˜μ–΄ λ²„λ¦¬μž–μ•„μš”.
02:42
So finally, to break the deadlock,
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κ²°κ΅­ 이 ꡐ착 μƒνƒœλ₯Ό λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
02:44
the Philistines send their mightiest warrior
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νŒ”λ ˆμŠ€νƒ€μΈμ€ κ·Έλ“€ 쀑 κ°€μž₯ μœ„λŒ€ν•œ 전사λ₯Ό
02:47
down into the valley floor, and he calls out
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골짜기 μ•„λž˜λ‘œ λ³΄λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:50
and he says to the Israelites,
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κ·Έ 전사가 μ΄μŠ€λΌμ—˜ λ³‘μ‚¬λ“€μ—κ²Œ μ™Έμ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:51
"Send your mightiest warrior down,
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"λ„ˆν¬ 쀑 κ°€μž₯ κ°•ν•œ 전사λ₯Ό 보내면
02:54
and we'll have this out, just the two of us."
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우리 λ‘˜μ΄ 결투λ₯Ό λ²Œμ—¬μ„œ 이 μ „μŸμ˜ μŠΉλΆ€λ₯Ό λ‚΄κ² λ‹€."
02:56
This was a tradition in ancient warfare called single combat.
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이것은 전톡적 κ³ λŒ€ μ „μŸλ²• 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μΈ 1 λŒ€ 1 κ²°νˆ¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:00
It was a way of settling disputes
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λŒ€λ‹¨μœ„ μ „νˆ¬μ™€ μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ ꡰ인의 희생 λŒ€μ‹ 
03:02
without incurring the bloodshed of a major battle.
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λΆ„μŸμ„ ν•΄κ²°ν•˜λŠ” λ°©λ²•μ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
03:06
And the Philistine who is sent down,
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νŒ”λ ˆμŠ€νƒ€μΈ κ΅°λŒ€κ°€ 보낸
03:09
their mighty warrior, is a giant.
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ κ°€μž₯ κ°•λ ₯ν•œ μ „μ‚¬λŠ” λ§κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ κ±°μΈμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:11
He's 6 foot 9.
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ν‚€κ°€ 2λ―Έν„° 5μ„Όν‹°μ˜€μ–΄μš”.
03:13
He's outfitted head to toe in this glittering bronze armor,
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머리뢀터 λ°œλκΉŒμ§€ λ²ˆμ©μ΄λŠ” 청동 κ°‘μ˜·μ„ μž…κ³ 
03:17
and he's got a sword and he's got a javelin
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μΉΌκ³Ό νˆ¬μ°½μ„
03:20
and he's got his spear. He is absolutely terrifying.
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 창도 λ“€κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ§€μš”. 정말 λ¬΄μ‹œλ¬΄μ‹œν•œ λͺ¨μŠ΅μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:23
And he's so terrifying that none of the Israelite soldiers want to fight him.
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μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ¬΄μ‹œλ¬΄μ‹œν–ˆλ˜μ§€ μ΄μŠ€λΌμ—˜ 병사 쀑 아무도 λ‚˜μ„œλŠ” 이가 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:28
It's a death wish, right? There's no way they think they can take him.
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죽으러 λ‚˜κ°€λŠ” 거와 λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μ˜€κ² μ£ ? κ·Έ 거인을 이길 방법이 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:32
And finally the only person who will come forward
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κ²°κ΅­ ν•œ λͺ…μ˜ μžμ›μžκ°€ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λŠ”λ°
03:35
is this young shepherd boy,
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ–΄λ¦° μ–‘μΉ˜κΈ° μ†Œλ…„μ΄μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
03:37
and he goes up to Saul and he says, "I'll fight him."
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μ†Œλ…„μ€ μ‚¬μšΈμ™•μ—κ²Œ κ°€μ„œ λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μ œκ°€ μ‹Έμš°κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
03:40
And Saul says, "You can't fight him. That's ridiculous.
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μ‚¬μšΈμ™•μ΄ λ‹΅ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "λ„Œ 그와 겨룰 수 μ—†λ‹€. 말도 μ•ˆλ˜λŠ” 일이야.
03:43
You're this kid. This is this mighty warrior."
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λ„Œ 꼬맹이고 μ €μͺ½μ€ λ§‰κ°•ν•œ 전사야."
03:45
But the shepherd is adamant. He says, "No, no, no,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ–‘μΉ˜κΈ°λŠ” μš”μ§€λΆ€λ™μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έκ°€ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μ•„λ‹ˆμ—μš”, μ•„λ‹ˆλΌκ³ μš”."
03:48
you don't understand, I have been defending my flock
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"μž„κΈˆλ‹˜μ€ 이해λ₯Ό λͺ»ν•˜κ³  κ³„μ‹­λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ €λŠ” μˆ˜λ…„κ°„ 양을 μΉ˜λ©΄μ„œ
03:51
against lions and wolves for years. I think I can do it."
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μ‚¬μžμ™€ λŠ‘λŒ€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° 양을 μ§€μΌœμ™”μ–΄μš”. μ „ ν•  수 μžˆμ„ κ±°μ—μš”."
03:55
And Saul has no choice. He's got no one else who's come forward.
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μ‚¬μšΈμ™•μ€ μ„ νƒμ˜ 여지가 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜μ„œλŠ” 이가 μ—†μ—ˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
03:58
So he says, "All right."
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‹΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μ’‹λ‹€."
03:59
And then he turns to the kid, and he says,
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κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λŠ” μ†Œλ…„μ„ λŒμ•„λ³΄λ©° λ§ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό
04:01
"But you've got to wear this armor. You can't go as you are."
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"ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ°‘μ˜·μ„ μž…μ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€. μ§€κΈˆ κ·Έ μ°¨λ¦ΌμœΌλ‘œλŠ” λ‚˜κ°ˆ 수 μ—†μ–΄."
04:04
So he tries to give the shepherd his armor,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·ΈλŠ” μ†Œλ…„μ—κ²Œ μžμ‹ μ˜ κ°‘μ˜·μ„ μž…νžˆλ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:07
and the shepherd says, "No."
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그런데 μ–‘μΉ˜κΈ° μ†Œλ…„μ΄ λ§ν•΄μš”. "μ•„λ‹ˆμ—μš”."
04:08
He says, "I can't wear this stuff."
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"이런 건 λͺ» μž…κ² μ–΄μš”."
04:10
The Biblical verse is, "I cannot wear this for I have not proved it,"
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μ„±κ²½μ—λŠ” μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ‚˜μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "이걸 증λͺ…ν•œ 적이 μ—†κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μž…μ„ 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
04:14
meaning, "I've never worn armor before. You've got to be crazy."
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κ·Έ 말은 "λ‚œ 이런 κ±° ν•œλ²ˆλ„ μž…μ–΄ λ³Έ 적 μ—†μ–΄μš”. μž„κΈˆλ‹˜ 정신이 λ‚˜κ°€μ‹  κ±° κ°™λ„€μš”."
04:18
So he reaches down instead on the ground
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μ†Œλ…„μ€ λŒ€μ‹  ν—ˆλ¦¬λ₯Ό μˆ™μ—¬
04:20
and picks up five stones
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λ°”λ‹₯에 있던 돌 λ‹€μ„―κ°œλ₯Ό μ£Όμ›Œμ„œ
04:22
and puts them in his shepherd's bag
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그의 μ–‘μΉ˜κΈ° 가방에 λ„£κ³ λŠ”
04:24
and starts to walk down the mountainside to meet the giant.
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거인을 λ§Œλ‚˜λŸ¬ μ‚°λΉ„νƒˆμ„ λ‚΄λ €κ°€κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:29
And the giant sees this figure approaching,
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거인이 λ³΄λ‹ˆ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ λ‹€κ°€μ˜€κ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”.
04:31
and calls out, "Come to me so I can feed your flesh
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κ·Έκ°€ μ™Έμ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "λ‚΄κ²Œ 와라. λ„ˆμ˜ 살점을
04:34
to the birds of the heavens and the beasts of the field."
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ν•˜λŠ˜μ˜ μƒˆμ™€ λ“€μ˜ μ§μŠΉμ—κ²Œ 먹이둜 μ€„ν…Œλ‹ˆ."
04:38
He issues this kind of taunt towards this person
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이런 μ‹μœΌλ‘œ κ·ΈλŠ” μžμ‹ κ³Ό μ‹Έμš°λ €κ³  λ‹€κ°€μ˜€λŠ”
04:42
coming to fight him.
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λ„μ „μžλ₯Ό μ‘°λ‘±ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:43
And the shepherd draws closer and closer,
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μ–‘μΉ˜κΈ°κ°€ 점점 κ°€κΉŒμ΄ λ‹€κ°€μ˜€μž
04:47
and the giant sees that he's carrying a staff.
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거인은 κ·Έκ°€ λ‚˜λ¬΄ μ§€νŒ‘μ΄λ₯Ό λ“€κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:50
That's all he's carrying.
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κ·Έκ°€ 손에 λ“  건 그게 λ‹€μ˜€μ–΄μš”.
04:51
Instead of a weapon, just this shepherd's staff,
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무기 λŒ€μ‹ , 겨우 양을 μΉ˜λŠ” μ§€νŒ‘μ΄μš”.
04:53
and he says -- he's insulted --
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거인은 λͺ¨μš•μ„ λ‹Ήν•œ 기뢄이 λ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν•˜μ§€μš”.
04:55
"Am I a dog that you would come to me with sticks?"
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"λ‚˜λ¬΄ λ§‰λŒ€κΈ°λ“€μ„ λ“€κ³  μ˜€λ‹€λ‹ˆ, λ‚΄κ°€ 개처럼 λ³΄μ΄λ‚˜?"
04:59
And the shepherd boy takes one of his stones
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μ–‘μΉ˜κΈ°λŠ” 그의 μ£Όλ¨Έλ‹ˆμ—μ„œ
05:02
out of his pocket, puts it in his sling
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μ‘°μ•½λŒμ„ ν•˜λ‚˜ κΊΌλ‚΄ 물맀에 끼우고
05:05
and rolls it around and lets it fly
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λΉ™λΉ™ λŒλ¦¬λ‹€κ°€ λŒμ„ λ‚ λ €λ³΄λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:07
and it hits the giant right between the eyes --
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κ·Έ λŒμ€ μ •ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ 거인의 두 눈 사이,
05:10
right here, in his most vulnerable spot --
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λ°”λ‘œ μ—¬κΈ°, 그의 κ°€μž₯ μ·¨μ•½ν•œ 뢀뢄을 λ§žμ·„μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:12
and he falls down either dead or unconscious,
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거인은 μ¦‰μ‚¬ν–ˆκ±°λ‚˜ 정신을 μžƒμ„ μ •λ„λ‘œ κ·Έ μžλ¦¬μ—μ„œ μ“°λŸ¬μ‘Œκ³ 
05:15
and the shepherd boy runs up and takes his sword
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μ–‘μΉ˜κΈ°λŠ” 달렀가 그의 검을 κΊΌλ‚΄
05:18
and cuts off his head,
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μ“°λŸ¬μ§„ 거인의 λͺ©μ„ λ² μ–΄ λ²„λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:19
and the Philistines see this and they turn and they just run.
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이 광경을 μ§€μΌœ λ³Έ νŒ”λ ˆμŠ€νƒ€μΈμΈλ“€μ€ κ·Έ 길둜 도망쳐 λ²„λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:25
And of course, the name of the giant is Goliath
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λ¬Όλ‘ , 이 거인의 이름은 골리앗이고
05:29
and the name of the shepherd boy is David,
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μ–‘μΉ˜κΈ° μ†Œλ…„μ˜ 이름은 λ‹€μœ—μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:32
and the reason that story has obsessed me
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이 이야기가 μ €λ₯Ό 그토둝 μ‚¬λ‘œμž‘μ€ μ΄μœ λŠ”
05:35
over the course of writing my book
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μ œκ°€ 이 책을 μ“°λŠ” λ™μ•ˆ
05:36
is that everything I thought I knew about that story
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μ΄μ „κΉŒμ§€ μ œκ°€ 이 이야기에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ•Œκ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•œ λͺ¨λ“  것이
05:39
turned out to be wrong.
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ν‹€λ Έλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:42
So David, in that story, is supposed to be the underdog, right?
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이야기 μ†μ˜ λ‹€μœ—μ€ μ•½μžμ˜ μœ„μΉ˜μ— μžˆλŠ” 게 λ§žμ§€μš”?
05:46
In fact, that term, David and Goliath,
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” ν‘œν˜„ 쀑
05:48
has entered our language as a metaphor for
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"λ‹€μœ—κ³Ό 골리앗" μ΄λΌλŠ” ν‘œν˜„μ€
05:51
improbable victories
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λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•΄ λ³΄μ˜€λ˜ μŠΉλ¦¬λ‚˜
05:53
by some weak party over someone far stronger.
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μ•½ν•œ μͺ½μ΄ 훨씬 κ°•ν•œ μͺ½μ„ 이길 λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:56
Now why do we call David an underdog?
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그런데 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ™œ λ‹€μœ—μ„ μ•½μžλΌκ³  ν• κΉŒμš”?
05:58
Well, we call him an underdog because he's a kid,
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μ•„λ§ˆ κ·ΈλŠ” μ†Œλ…„μ— λΆˆκ³Όν–ˆκ³ 
06:01
a little kid, and Goliath is this big, strong giant.
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골리앗은 κ±°λŒ€ν•˜κ³  κ°•ν•œ κ±°μΈμ΄μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬ΈμΌ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:05
We also call him an underdog
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ΄μœ λŠ”
06:07
because Goliath is an experienced warrior,
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골리앗은 κ²½ν—˜ λ§Žμ€ μ „μ‚¬μ˜€μŒμ— λ°˜ν•΄
06:11
and David is just a shepherd.
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λ‹€μœ—μ€ ν•œλ‚± λͺ©λ™μ— μ§€λ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ§€μš”.
06:12
But most importantly, we call him an underdog
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ‹€μœ—μ„ μ•½μžλ‘œ λ³΄λŠ” κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μ΄μœ λŠ”
06:15
because all he has is -- it's that Goliath is outfitted with
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골리앗은 λ‹Ήμ‹œ μ΅œμ‹ μ˜
06:20
all of this modern weaponry,
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무기λ₯Ό κ°–μΆ”κ³ 
06:22
this glittering coat of armor
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번쩍 번쩍 λΉ›λ‚˜λŠ” κ°‘μ˜·μ„ μž…κ³ 
06:24
and a sword and a javelin and a spear,
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μΉΌκ³Ό 투창과 창을 가진 데 λ°˜ν•΄
06:27
and all David has is this sling.
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λ‹€μœ—μ΄ 가진 것은 물맀 λΏμ΄μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:31
Well, let's start there with the phrase
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자, 그러면 μš°μ„ 
06:33
"All David has is this sling,"
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"λ‹€μœ—μ΄ 가진 것은 물맀 λΏμ΄μ—ˆλ‹€" λΌλŠ” λΆ€λΆ„μ—μ„œ μ‹œμž‘ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
06:35
because that's the first mistake that we make.
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그게 우리의 첫번째 μ°©κ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:38
In ancient warfare, there are three kinds of warriors.
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κ³ λŒ€ μ „νˆ¬λ²•μ—λŠ” μ„Έ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ 전사가 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:42
There's cavalry, men on horseback and with chariots.
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말을 타고 μ „μ°¨λ₯Ό λ„λŠ” 기사,
06:45
There's heavy infantry, which are foot soldiers,
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μΉΌκ³Ό 방패, 그리고 μ–΄λ–€ μ’…λ₯˜λ“  κ°‘μ˜·μœΌλ‘œ
06:48
armed foot soldiers with swords and shields
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쀑무μž₯ν•œ μ€‘λ³΄λ³‘λ‹¨μ˜
06:51
and some kind of armor.
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보병듀이 μžˆμ—ˆκ³ ,
06:53
And there's artillery, and artillery are archers,
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ 포병단이 μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”λ° 이 μ€‘μ—λŠ” κΆμˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
06:56
but, more importantly, slingers.
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더 λΉ„μ€‘μžˆλŠ” 뢀뢄이 λ°”λ‘œ 물맀λ₯Ό μ˜λŠ” λ³‘μ‚¬λ“€μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:58
And a slinger is someone who has a leather pouch
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물맀λ₯Ό μ˜λŠ” 병사가
07:01
with two long cords attached to it,
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λ‘κ°œμ˜ κΈ΄ 끈이 달린 κ°€μ£½ μ£Όλ¨Έλ‹ˆμ—
07:04
and they put a projectile, either a rock or a lead ball,
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λŒμ΄λ‚˜ λ‚©νƒ„ν™˜ 같은 λ°œμ‚¬μ²΄λ₯Ό μž₯μ°©ν•œ λ’€
07:07
inside the pouch, and they whirl it around like this
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이런 μ‹μœΌλ‘œ κ³΅μ€‘μ—μ„œ λŒλ¦¬λ‹€κ°€
07:10
and they let one of the cords go,
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ν•œμͺ½ λˆμ„ λ†“μœΌλ©΄
07:13
and the effect is to send the projectile forward
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λ°œμ‚¬μ²΄κ°€ λͺ©ν‘œλ₯Ό ν–₯ν•΄
07:17
towards its target.
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λ‚ μ•„κ°€κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:20
That's what David has, and it's important to understand
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그게 λ‹€μœ—μ΄ 가진 λ¬΄κΈ°μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 즉 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ•Œμ•„μ•Ό ν•  것은
07:23
that that sling is not a slingshot.
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이 물맀가 μƒˆμ΄ 같은 게 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:26
It's not this, right? It's not a child's toy.
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κ·Έλ ‡μ£ ? μ• λ“€ μž₯λ‚œκ°μ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:28
It's in fact an incredibly devastating weapon.
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이것은 사싀 λŒ€λ‹¨νžˆ μœ„ν˜‘μ μΈ λ¬΄κΈ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:32
When David rolls it around like this,
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λ‹€μœ—μ΄ 이런 μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 물맀λ₯Ό 돌릴 λ•Œ,
07:35
he's turning the sling around probably
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μ•„λ§ˆ κ·ΈλŠ” 1μ΄ˆμ— μ•½
07:38
at six or seven revolutions per second,
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6-7번의 μ†λ„λ‘œ λŒλ Έμ„ κ±°μ—μš”.
07:41
and that means that when the rock is released,
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κ·Έ 말은 물맷돌이 λ°œμ‚¬ 됐을 λ•Œ
07:45
it's going forward really fast,
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돌의 속도가 μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ λΉ λ₯΄λ‹€λŠ” μ˜λ―Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:47
probably 35 meters per second.
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μ΄ˆμ† μ•½ 35λ―Έν„°μ―€ 됐을 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:49
That's substantially faster than a baseball
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이 μ†λ„λŠ” μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ λΉ λ₯Έ
07:52
thrown by even the finest of baseball pitchers.
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야ꡬ νˆ¬μˆ˜κ°€ λ˜μ§€λŠ” 곡의 속도보닀도 더 λΉ λ₯Έ μ†λ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:56
More than that, the stones in the Valley of Elah
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κ²Œλ‹€κ°€ μ—˜λΌ 골짜기의 λŒμ€
08:00
were not normal rocks. They were barium sulphate,
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ν‰λ²”ν•œ 돌이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 쀑정석이라고
08:03
which are rocks twice the density of normal stones.
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보톡 λŒλ³΄λ‹€ 밀도가 두배 정도 높은 λŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:06
If you do the calculations on the ballistics,
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νƒ„λ„ν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ 계산해보면
08:09
on the stopping power of the rock fired from David's sling,
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λ‹€μœ—μ˜ λ¬Όλ§€μ—μ„œ λ°œμ‚¬λœ λŒμ„ λ©ˆμΆ”κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν•„μš”ν•œ νž˜μ€
08:13
it's roughly equal to the stopping power
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.45 ꡬ경 κΆŒμ΄μ—μ„œ λ°œμ‚¬λœ
08:15
of a [.45 caliber] handgun.
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μ΄μ•Œμ„ λ©ˆμΆ”λŠ” 힘과 λΉ„μŠ·ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:18
This is an incredibly devastating weapon.
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ꡉμž₯히 λ¬΄μ‹œλ¬΄μ‹œν•œ λ¬΄κΈ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:21
Accuracy, we know from historical records
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정확성을 따져보면, 역사적인 κΈ°λ‘μ—μ„œ
08:26
that slingers -- experienced slingers could hit
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κ²½ν—˜ λ§Žμ€ 물맷돌 λ³‘μ‚¬λŠ”
08:30
and maim or even kill a target at distances of up to 200 yards.
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182 λ―Έν„°κΉŒμ§€ 떨어진 μƒλŒ€λ₯Ό 맞좰 뢈ꡬ둜 λ§Œλ“€κ±°λ‚˜ 죽일 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:36
From medieval tapestries, we know that slingers
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μ€‘μ„Έμ‹œλŒ€μ˜ νƒœν”ΌμŠ€νŠΈλ¦¬λ₯Ό 보면
08:39
were capable of hitting birds in flight.
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λ¬Όλ§·λŒμ„ μ˜μ•„μ„œ λ‚ μ•„κ°€λŠ” μƒˆλ₯Ό λ§žμΆ”λŠ” μž₯면이 λ‚˜μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:42
They were incredibly accurate.
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κ·Έ μ •λ„λ‘œ μ•„μ£Ό μ •ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ 맞좜 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:44
When David lines up -- and he's not 200 yards away from Goliath,
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λ‹€μœ—μ΄ 쑰쀀을 ν•  λ•Œ κ·ΈλŠ” κ³¨λ¦¬μ•—μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° 182λ―Έν„°λ‚˜ λ–¨μ–΄μ Έ μžˆμ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ–΄μš”.
08:48
he's quite close to Goliath --
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μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ κ°€κΉŒμ΄ μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
08:49
when he lines up and fires that thing at Goliath,
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λ‹€μœ—μ΄ 쑰쀀을 ν•˜κ³  골리앗을 ν–₯ν•΄ λŒμ„ 날릴 λ•Œ
08:53
he has every intention and every expectation
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κ·ΈλŠ” κ³¨λ¦¬μ•—μ˜ κ°€μž₯ μ·¨μ•½ν•œ 뢀뢄인 두 눈 사이 정쀑앙을
08:56
of being able to hit Goliath at his most vulnerable spot
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μ •ν™•νžˆ λ§žμΆ”κ² λ‹€λŠ” μ˜λ„μ™€
08:59
between his eyes.
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μ •ν™•νžˆ 맞좜 κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” 확신이 μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:00
If you go back over the history of ancient warfare,
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κ³ λŒ€ μ „νˆ¬ 역사λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄λ©΄
09:02
you will find time and time again
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μ—¬λŸ¬λ²ˆμ„ λ°˜λ³΅ν•΄μ„œ μ—¬λŸ¬ μ „νˆ¬μ—μ„œ
09:05
that slingers were the decisive factor against infantry
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물맷돌 병사듀이 무μž₯ν•œ 보병듀을
09:09
in one kind of battle or another.
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μƒλŒ€ν•˜λŠ” 데 결정적 역할을 ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:14
So what's Goliath? He's heavy infantry,
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골리앗은 λ­μ˜€λ‚˜μš”? κ·ΈλŠ” 쀑무μž₯ν•œ λ³΄λ³‘μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:18
and his expectation when he challenges the Israelites to a duel
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κ·Έκ°€ μ΄μŠ€λΌμ—˜μΈλ“€μ„ μƒλŒ€λ‘œ μΌλŒ€μΌ 결투λ₯Ό μ‹ μ²­ν–ˆμ„ λ•ŒλŠ”
09:23
is that he's going to be fighting another heavy infantryman.
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λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ μžμ‹ κ³Ό 같은 쀑무μž₯ν•œ 보병이 λ‚˜μ˜¬κ±°λΌκ³  κΈ°λŒ€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:27
When he says, "Come to me that I might
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κ·Έκ°€ "λ‚΄κ²Œ μ™€μ„œ λ‚˜μ™€ μ‹Έμš°λΌ,
09:29
feed your flesh to the birds of the heavens and the beasts of the field,"
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λ‚΄κ°€ λ„€ 살을 ν•˜λŠ˜μ˜ μƒˆμ™€ λ•…μ˜ μ§μŠΉμ—κ²Œ λ¨ΉμΌν…Œλ‹ˆ" 라고 ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
09:32
the key phrase is "Come to me."
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μ€‘μš”ν•œ 뢀뢄은 "λ‚΄κ²Œ μ™€μ„œ" μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:34
Come up to me because we're going to fight,
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λ‚˜ν•œν…Œ 와라, μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
09:36
hand to hand, like this.
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이런 μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μœ‘λ°•μ „μ„ 벌일 κ²ƒμ΄λ‹ˆκΉŒ.
09:38
Saul has the same expectation.
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μ‚¬μšΈ μ—­μ‹œ 같은 생각을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:40
David says, "I want to fight Goliath,"
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λ‹€μœ—μ΄ "μ œκ°€ 골리앗과 μ‹Έμš°κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€" 라고 ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
09:42
and Saul tries to give him his armor,
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μ‚¬μšΈμ€ κ·Έμ—κ²Œ μžμ‹ μ˜ κ°‘μ˜·μ„ μ£Όλ €κ³  ν•˜μ£ .
09:44
because Saul is thinking, "Oh, when you say 'fight Goliath,'
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μ™œλƒλ©΄ν•˜ μ‚¬μšΈμ˜ 생각에 "였, λ„€κ°€ '골리앗과 μ‹Έμš°κ² λ‹€.' λŠ” 건
09:47
you mean 'fight him in hand-to-hand combat,'
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μœ‘λ°•μ „μ„ λ²Œμ΄κ² λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄κ΅¬λ‚˜
09:50
infantry on infantry."
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보병 λŒ€ λ³΄λ³‘μœΌλ‘œ 말이야."λž€ μ˜λ―Έμ˜€μ–΄μš”.
09:52
But David has absolutely no expectation.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ‹€μœ—μ€ μ „ν˜€ 그럴 생각이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:55
He's not going to fight him that way. Why would he?
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λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ μœ‘λ°•μ „ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ‹Έμš°μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ™œ κ·Έλž¬κ² μ–΄μš”?
09:58
He's a shepherd. He's spent his entire career
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λͺ©λ™μ΄μž–μ•„μš”. μžμ‹ μ˜ 일생 λ‚΄λ‚΄
10:01
using a sling to defend his flock against lions and wolves.
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물맀λ₯Ό μ¨μ„œ μ‚¬μžμ™€ λŠ‘λŒ€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° μ–‘λ–Όλ₯Ό μ§€μΌ°λŠ”λ° λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:05
That's where his strength lies.
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그게 μžμ‹ μ˜ μž₯κΈ°μ˜€λŠ”λ° 말이죠.
10:07
So here he is, this shepherd, experienced
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œν•΄μ„œ 이 μ–‘μΉ˜κΈ°λŠ”
10:09
in the use of a devastating weapon,
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λ§Žμ€ κ²½ν—˜μ„ μŒ“μ€ λ”μ°ν•œ 무기λ₯Ό λ“€κ³  λ‚˜κ°€
10:11
up against this lumbering giant
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μœ‘μ€‘ν•œ 거인에 λ§žμ„  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:14
weighed down by a hundred pounds of armor
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κ²Œλ‹€κ°€ 거인은 κ·Όμ ‘μ „μ—μ„œλ‚˜ μœ μš©ν• 
10:17
and these incredibly heavy weapons
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μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ 무거운 무기듀과
10:18
that are useful only in short-range combat.
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μˆ˜μ‹­ ν‚¬λ‘œ κ°‘μ˜·μ˜ 무게λ₯Ό μ§Šμ–΄μ§€κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:22
Goliath is a sitting duck. He doesn't have a chance.
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골리앗은 λ§κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ μ•‰μ•„μžˆλŠ” μ˜€λ¦¬μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν”Όν•  수 μžˆλŠ” κ°€λŠ₯μ„± μ‘°μ°¨ μ—†μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
10:26
So why do we keep calling David an underdog,
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κ·ΈλŸ°λ°λ„ μ™œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ‹€μœ—μ„ μ•½μžλΌκ³  ν•˜λ©°
10:29
and why do we keep referring to his victory as improbable?
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λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν–ˆλ˜ 승리λ₯Ό 이룬 κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ λ§ν• κΉŒμš”?
10:35
There's a second piece of this that's important.
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λ‘λ²ˆμ§Έ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μ΄μœ κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:38
It's not just that we misunderstand David
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ‹€μœ—κ³Ό 그의 무기 선택을
10:41
and his choice of weaponry.
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잘λͺ» μ΄ν•΄ν–ˆμ„ 뿐 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
10:43
It's also that we profoundly misunderstand Goliath.
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골리앗에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλ„ 잘λͺ» μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:46
Goliath is not what he seems to be.
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골리앗은 우리 λˆˆμ— λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 그런 거인이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:50
There's all kinds of hints of this in the Biblical text,
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성경을 보면 이에 λŒ€ν•œ μ—¬λŸ¬ μ‹€λ§ˆλ¦¬κ°€ λ‚˜μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:54
things that are in retrospect quite puzzling
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생각해보면 κ°•λ ₯ν•œ μ „μ‚¬μ˜ 이미지에 λ§žμ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”
10:56
and don't square with his image as this mighty warrior.
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λ‹€μ†Œ μ˜μ•„ν•œ 그런 점듀이 μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:00
So to begin with, the Bible says that Goliath
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μš°μ„  성경은 골리앗이
11:04
is led onto the valley floor by an attendant.
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μ‹œμ’…μ„ μ•žμ„Έμš°κ³  골짜기둜 λ‚΄λ €μ™”λ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:08
Now that is weird, right?
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μ΄μƒν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
11:10
Here is this mighty warrior
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κ°•λ ₯ν•œ 전사가
11:12
challenging the Israelites to one-on-one combat.
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μ΄μŠ€λΌμ—˜μΈμ—κ²Œ μΌλŒ€μΌ μ „νˆ¬λ₯Ό μ‹ μ²­ν•˜λ €κ³  λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ”λ°
11:15
Why is he being led by the hand
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그런 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ™œ μ•„λ§ˆλ„ μ–΄λ¦° μ†Œλ…„μ΄μ—ˆμ„
11:17
by some young boy, presumably,
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μ‹œμ’…μ˜ 손을 작고
11:20
to the point of combat?
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결투μž₯에 λ‚˜μ™”λ˜ κ±°μ£ ?
11:23
Secondly, the Bible story makes special note
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λ‘λ²ˆμ§Έλ‘œ, μ„±κ²½μ—λŠ” 골리앗이
11:27
of how slowly Goliath moves,
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μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 느리게 μ›€μ§μ˜€λŠ”μ§€λ„ λ‚˜μ™€μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:30
another odd thing to say when you're describing
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κ·Έκ°€ λ‹Ήμ‹œ λˆ„κ΅¬λ³΄λ‹€ κ°•ν•œ μ „μ‚¬λ‘œ μ•Œλ €μ§„
11:32
the mightiest warrior known to man at that point.
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μ‚¬λžŒμ΄λΌκ³  치면 ν™•μ‹€νžˆ μ΄μƒν•œ μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:36
And then there's this whole weird thing
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ΄μƒν•œ 점은
11:38
about how long it takes Goliath to react
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λ‹€μœ—μ„ λ³Έ ν›„ 골리앗이
11:42
to the sight of David.
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λ°˜μ‘ν•˜λŠ”λ° κ±Έλ¦° μ‹œκ°„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:44
So David's coming down the mountain,
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자, λ‹€μœ—μ΄ 산을 λ‚΄λ €μ˜€κ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”.
11:47
and he's clearly not preparing for hand-to-hand combat.
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λ”± 보면 λ°”λ‘œ μœ‘νƒ„μ „μ„ ν• λ§Œν•œ 전사가 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλŠ” κ±Έ μ•Œ 수 있죠.
11:51
There is nothing about him that says,
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λ‹€μœ—μ„ 보면
11:53
"I am about to fight you like this."
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"λ‚΄κ°€ λ‹Ήμ‹ κ³Ό μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μ‹ΈμšΈκ±°λ‹€" λΌλŠ” κΈ°λ―Έκ°€ μ „ν˜€ μ—†μ–΄μš”.
11:55
He's not even carrying a sword.
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심지어 칼도 λ“€κ³  μžˆμ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:57
Why does Goliath not react to that?
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골리앗은 μ™œ 이 λͺ¨μŠ΅μ— μ•„λ¬΄λŸ° λ°˜μ‘μ΄ μ—†μ—ˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
11:59
It's as if he's oblivious to what's going on that day.
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마치 무슨 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€μ‘°μ°¨ 깨닫지 λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:03
And then there's that strange comment he makes to David:
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심지어 골리앗이 λ‹€μœ—μ—κ²Œ 건넨 말도 참으둜 μ΄μƒν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:07
"Am I a dog that you should come to me with sticks?"
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"λ‚˜λ¬΄ λ§‰λŒ€κΈ°λ“€μ„ λ“€κ³  μ˜€λ‹€λ‹ˆ, λ‚΄κ°€ 개둜 λ³΄μ΄λŠλƒ?"
12:12
Sticks? David only has one stick.
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λ‚˜λ¬΄λ§‰λŒ€κΈ°'λ“€' 이라뇨? λ‹€μœ—μ€ ν•œκ°œμ˜ μ§€νŒ‘μ΄λ§Œ λ“€κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:15
Well, it turns out that there's been a great deal
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ˜ν•™κ³„μ—μ„œλŠ” μ§€λ‚œ μˆ˜λ…„κ°„
12:18
of speculation within the medical community over the years
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κ³¨λ¦¬μ•—μ˜ μƒνƒœμ— λŒ€ν•΄
12:21
about whether there is something
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μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ 좔둠이 μžˆμ–΄μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:23
fundamentally wrong with Goliath,
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골리앗에 λ­”κ°€ 근본적인 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆμ—ˆλ˜κ°€ ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:26
an attempt to make sense of all of those apparent anomalies.
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이 μ΄μƒν•œ 뢀뢄듀을 μ„€λͺ…ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ λ…Έλ ₯μ΄μ—ˆμ§€μš”.
12:30
There have been many articles written.
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이 주제둜 μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ 논문이 μ“°μ—¬μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:31
The first one was in 1960 in the Indiana Medical Journal,
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1960λ…„ 첫 논문이 μΈλ””μ•„λ‚˜ μ˜ν•™ μž‘μ§€μ— μ‹€λ¦° λ’€
12:35
and it started a chain of speculation
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κ·Έ λ’€ 쀄지어 κ³¨λ¦¬μ•—μ˜ 킀에 λŒ€ν•œ
12:37
that starts with an explanation for Goliath's height.
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μ—¬λŸ¬κ°€μ§€ 해석이 λ‚˜μ˜€κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:40
So Goliath is head and shoulders above
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골리앗은 λ‹Ήμ‹œ 보톡 μ‚¬λžŒλ³΄λ‹€
12:43
all of his peers in that era,
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어깨와 머리 ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€ 더 μ»ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:45
and usually when someone is that far out of the norm,
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ κ·Έ μ •λ„κΉŒμ§€ ν‰κ· μΉ˜μ—μ„œ 벗어났을 λ•ŒλŠ”
12:49
there's an explanation for it.
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항상 μ΄μœ κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:51
So the most common form of giantism
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거인증 쀑 κ°€μž₯ ν”ν•œ ν˜•νƒœλŠ”
12:54
is a condition called acromegaly,
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말단 λΉ„λŒ€μ¦μ΄λΌλŠ” μ§ˆν™˜μΈλ°
12:57
and acromegaly is caused by a benign tumor
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μ΄λŠ” λ‡Œν•˜μˆ˜μ²΄μ— μƒκΈ°λŠ”
13:00
on your pituitary gland
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μ–‘μ„± 쒅양에 μ˜ν•΄
13:02
that causes an overproduction of human growth hormone.
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μ„±μž₯ 호λ₯΄λͺ¬μ΄ κ³Όμž‰ λΆ„λΉ„λ˜λŠ” λ³‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:05
And throughout history, many of the most famous giants
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μ—­μ‚¬μ μœΌλ‘œ κ°€μž₯ 유λͺ…ν–ˆλ˜ 거인듀은
13:09
have all had acromegaly.
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ 이 말단 λΉ„λŒ€μ¦μ΄ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:10
So the tallest person of all time
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인간 역사상 κ°€μž₯ ν‚€κ°€ 컸던
13:12
was a guy named Robert Wadlow
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λ‘œλ²„νŠΈ μ™€λ“€λ‘œμš°λŠ”
13:14
who was still growing when he died at the age of 24
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24세에 사망 μ‹œ ν‚€κ°€ 2 λ―Έν„° 72 μ„Όν‹°μ˜€κ³ 
13:17
and he was 8 foot 11.
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죽을 λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€λ„ ν‚€κ°€ 자라고 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:20
He had acromegaly.
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말단 λΉ„λŒ€μ¦μ΄ μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:21
Do you remember the wrestler AndrΓ© the Giant?
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ν”„λ‘œ 레슬링 μ„ μˆ˜μ˜€λ˜ μ•ˆλ“œλ ˆ 더 μžμ΄μ–ΈνŠΈλ₯Ό κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”?
13:24
Famous. He had acromegaly.
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유λͺ…ν•˜μ£ . 그도 말단 λΉ„λŒ€μ¦μ΄ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:26
There's even speculation that Abraham Lincoln had acromegaly.
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심지어 μ•„λΈŒλΌν•¨ 링컨이 말단 λΉ„λŒ€μ¦μ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆλ‚˜ ν•˜λŠ” 학섀도 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:30
Anyone who's unusually tall,
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μ§€λ‚˜μΉ˜κ²Œ ν‚€κ°€ 큰 μ‚¬λžŒμ„ 보면
13:31
that's the first explanation we come up with.
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첫번째둜 μ˜μ‹¬ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜λŠ” 병이 이 말단 λΉ„λŒ€μ¦μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:34
And acromegaly has a very distinct set of side effects
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말단 λΉ„λŒ€μ¦μ€ 특유의
13:38
associated with it,
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λΆ€μž‘μš©λ“€μ΄ μžˆλŠ”λ°
13:39
principally having to do with vision.
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주둜 μ‹œλ ₯에 κ΄€ν•œ λΆ€μž‘μš©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:43
The pituitary tumor, as it grows,
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λ‡Œν•˜μˆ˜μ²΄ 쒅양은 μžλΌλ©΄μ„œ
13:46
often starts to compress the visual nerves in your brain,
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μ’…μ’… λ‡Œμ˜ μ‹œμ‹ κ²½μ„ μ••λ°•ν•˜κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:50
with the result that people with acromegaly
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κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό 말단 λΉ„λŒ€μ¦ ν™˜μžλ“€μ€
13:53
have either double vision or they are profoundly nearsighted.
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ν•œκ°œλ₯Ό λ‘κ°œλ‘œ λ³΄κ±°λ‚˜ μ‹¬ν•œ 고도 κ·Όμ‹œλ₯Ό μ–»κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:58
So when people have started to speculate
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ³¨λ¦¬μ•—μ˜ λ¬Έμ œκ°€
14:01
about what might have been wrong with Goliath,
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λ¬΄μ—‡μ΄μ—ˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œμ•„λ‚΄λ €κ³  ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
14:04
they've said, "Wait a minute,
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이런 μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μΆ”μΈ‘ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "잠깐만 κΈ°λ‹€λ € 봐.
14:05
he looks and sounds an awful lot like someone
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κ³¨λ¦¬μ•—μ˜ νŠΉμ§•λ“€μ„ 보면
14:08
who has acromegaly."
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말단 λΉ„λŒ€μ¦ ν™˜μžμ™€ ꡉμž₯히 λΉ„μŠ·ν•œλ°."
14:10
And that would also explain so much of what was strange
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이 이둠은 골리앗이 λ‹€μœ—κ³Ό μ‹Έμš΄ λ‚ 
14:12
about his behavior that day.
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λ³΄μ˜€λ˜ 이상 행동을 λ§Žμ€ λΆ€λΆ„ μ„€λͺ…ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:15
Why does he move so slowly
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μ™œ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ 느리게 μ›€μ§μ˜€λŠ”μ§€
14:16
and have to be escorted down into the valley floor
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μ™œ 골짜기 μ•„λž˜κΉŒμ§€
14:20
by an attendant?
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μ‹œμ’…μ—κ²Œ 이끌렀 λ‚΄λ €μ™”λŠ”μ§€ ν•˜λŠ” μ λ“€μ΄μš”.
14:21
Because he can't make his way on his own.
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골리앗은 ν˜Όμžμ„œλŠ” 골짜기λ₯Ό λ‚΄λ €μ˜¬ 수 μ—†μ—ˆλ˜ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:24
Why is he so strangely oblivious to David
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또 λ‹€μœ—μ΄ μžμ‹ κ³Ό μœ‘λ°•μ „μ„ λ²Œμ΄μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ¦¬λΌλŠ” κ±Έ
14:28
that he doesn't understand that David's not going to fight him
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ μˆœκ°„κΉŒμ§€ λͺ°λžλ˜ κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ
14:30
until the very last moment?
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이상할 μ •λ„λ‘œ 상황 νŒŒμ•…μ„ λͺ»ν–ˆλ˜ 건 μ–΄μ§Έμ„œμ˜€μ„κΉŒμš”?
14:32
Because he can't see him.
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κ·ΈλŠ” λ‹€μœ—μ„ λ³Ό 수 μ—†μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:35
When he says, "Come to me that I might feed your flesh
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골리앗이 "λ‚΄κ²Œ 였라. 그러면 λ‚΄κ°€ λ„€ 살점을
14:38
to the birds of the heavens and the beasts of the field,"
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κ³΅μ€‘μ˜ μƒˆμ™€ λ“€μ˜ μ§μŠΉμ—κ²Œ 먹이리라," κ³  λ§ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
14:41
the phrase "come to me" is a hint also of his vulnerability.
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"λ‚΄κ²Œ 였라" κ³  λ§ν•œ 것은 그의 약점에 λŒ€ν•œ λ˜ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ μ‹€λ§ˆλ¦¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:45
Come to me because I can't see you.
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λ‚΄κ²Œ 와라, μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ λ‚˜λŠ” λ„ˆλ₯Ό λ³Ό 수 μ—†μœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒ,λΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:48
And then there's, "Am I a dog that you should come to me with sticks?"
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또 "λ‚˜λ¬΄ λ§‰λŒ€κΈ°λ“€μ„ λ“€κ³  μ˜€λ‹€λ‹ˆ, λ‚΄κ°€ 개처럼 λ³΄μ΄λŠλƒ?" 라고 ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ,
14:54
He sees two sticks when David has only one.
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골리앗은 λ‘κ°œμ˜ λ‚˜λ¬΄ λ§‰λŒ€κΈ°λ₯Ό λ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€μœ—μ€ ν•œκ°œλ§Œ λ“€κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”λ°λ„μš”.
14:59
So the Israelites up on the mountain ridge
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μ΄μŠ€λΌμ—˜μΈλ“€μ€ μ‚° μœ„μ— 진을 치고
15:02
looking down on him thought he was
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κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ 골리앗을 내렀닀보며
15:04
this extraordinarily powerful foe.
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κ·Έκ°€ λ†€λΌμšΈ μ •λ„λ‘œ κ°•λ ₯ν•œ 적이라고 μƒκ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:07
What they didn't understand was that
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그듀이 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆλ˜ 것은
15:09
the very thing that was the source of his apparent strength
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그듀이 κ³¨λ¦¬μ•—μ˜ 강점이라고 μƒκ°ν–ˆλ˜ λ°”λ‘œ κ·Έ 점이
15:12
was also the source of his greatest weakness.
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κ³¨λ¦¬μ•—μ˜ κ°€μž₯ 큰 약점이기도 ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:16
And there is, I think, in that,
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λ°”λ‘œ κ±°κΈ°μ—μ„œ 우리 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€
15:18
a very important lesson for all of us.
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맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•œ κ΅ν›ˆμ„ 얻을 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:21
Giants are not as strong and powerful as they seem.
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거인듀은 λ³΄μ΄λŠ” κ²ƒλ§ŒνΌ νž˜μ„Έκ³  κ°•ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:25
And sometimes the shepherd boy has a sling in his pocket.
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그리고 μ–΄λ–€ λ•ŒλŠ” λͺ©λ™μ΄ μ£Όλ¨Έλ‹ˆ 속에 물맀λ₯Ό κ°–κ³  μžˆκΈ°λ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:29
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:30
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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