Why we love, why we cheat | Helen Fisher

1,756,506 views ・ 2007-01-16

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Seh Hyun Rho κ²€ν† : BAE HYEONHO
00:25
I'd like to talk today about the two biggest social trends
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였늘, μ €λŠ” λ‹€κ°€μ˜¬ μ‹œλŒ€, μ•„λ§ˆ λ§Œλ…„ 후에도 지속될 제일 큰 μ‚¬νšŒμ  νŠΈλ Œλ“œ 두가지에 λŒ€ν•΄
00:30
in the coming century,
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00:32
and perhaps in the next 10,000 years.
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λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬κ³ μž ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:35
But I want to start with my work on romantic love,
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μš°μ„  λ‘œλ§¨ν‹±ν•œ μ‚¬λž‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ €μ˜ 연ꡬ뢀터 μ‹œμž‘ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
00:39
because that's my most recent work.
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 제 κ°€μž₯ 졜근의 μ—°κ΅¬κ±°λ“ μš”.
00:41
What I and my colleagues did was put 32 people, who were madly in love,
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λ™λ£Œλ“€κ³Ό μ œκ°€ ν–ˆλ˜ 것은 32λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λž‘μ— 깊게 빠진 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„
00:46
into a functional MRI brain scanner.
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자기 곡λͺ… μ˜μƒ λ‡Œ μŠ€μΊλ„ˆλ‘œ 검사λ₯Ό ν•΄ λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:48
17 who were madly in love and their love was accepted;
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17λͺ…은 μ‚¬λž‘μ— λΉ μ Έ κ²°κ΅­ μ‚¬κ·€κ²Œ 된 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄κ³ 
00:51
and 15 who were madly in love and they had just been dumped.
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15λͺ…은 μ‚¬λž‘μ— λΉ μ‘Œμ§€λ§Œ κ²°κ΅­ 차인 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
연ꡬ에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ λ¨Όμ € λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬κ³ ,
00:55
And so I want to tell you about that first,
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00:57
and then go on into where I think love is going.
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그리고 λ‚˜μ„œ μ‚¬λž‘μ΄ μ–΄λ””λ‘œ κ°€κ³ μžˆλŠ”μ§€λ‘œ λ„˜μ–΄κ°€κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:01
(Laughter)
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01:03
"What 'tis to love?" Shakespeare said.
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μ‚¬λž‘μ΄λž€ 무엇인가, μ…°μ΅μŠ€ν”Όμ–΄κ°€ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:07
I think our ancestors --
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우리의 μ‘°μƒλ‹˜λ“€-인간은 λŒ€λŒ€λ‘œ μ‚¬λž‘μ— λŒ€ν•΄ ꢁ금히 μ—¬κ²¨μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:09
I think human beings have been wondering about this question
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그듀이 λ°±λ§Œλ…„μ „ λͺ¨λ‹₯뢈 μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ λ‘˜λŸ¬ μ•‰κ±°λ‚˜ λˆ„μ›Œμ„œ 별을 보기 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ„λ•Œ λΆ€ν„°μš”.
01:13
since they sat around their campfires
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01:15
or lay and watched the stars a million years ago.
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01:19
I started out by trying to figure out what romantic love was
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μ €λŠ” λ‘œλ§¨ν‹±ν•œ μ‚¬λž‘μ„ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ 연ꡬλ₯Ό μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:23
by looking at the last 45 years of the psychological research
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μ§€λ‚œ 45λ…„κ°„μ˜ 연ꡬ듀을 ν›‘μ–΄λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€-심리학적인 μ—°κ΅¬λ“€λ§Œμ΄μš”.
01:28
and as it turns out,
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κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό, μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ‚¬λž‘μ— 빠지면 νŠΉλ³„ν•œ ν˜„μƒλ“€μ΄ λ°œμƒν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:30
there's a very specific group of things that happen when you fall in love.
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01:34
The first thing that happens is,
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첫번째둜 λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” ν˜„μƒμ€
01:37
a person begins to take on what I call, "special meaning."
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μ‚¬λž‘μ— 빠진 μ‚¬λžŒμ€ "νŠΉλ³„ν•œ 의미"λ₯Ό λΆ€μ—¬ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:40
As a truck driver once said to me,
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ν•œ νŠΈλŸ­μš΄μ „μ‚¬κ»˜μ„œ μ €μ—κ²Œ λ§μ”€ν•˜μ…¨λ“―,
01:42
"The world had a new center, and that center was Mary Anne."
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"세상에 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 쀑심이 생겼지, 그것은 Mary Anneμ΄μ—ˆμ–΄."
01:46
George Bernard Shaw said it differently.
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George Bernard Shawμ”¨λŠ” μ•½κ°„ λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ λ§μ”€ν•˜μ…¨μ£ . *George Bernard Shaw-영ꡭ의 κ·Ήμž‘κ°€
01:48
"Love consists of overestimating the differences
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"μ‚¬λž‘μ€ ν•œ μ—¬μžμ™€ λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€ μ—¬μžλ“€μ˜ 차이λ₯Ό ν™•λŒ€ν•΄μ„ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘Œλ‹€."
01:51
between one woman and another."
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사싀, λ§žλŠ”λ§μ΄μ£ .(μ›ƒμŒ)
01:53
And indeed, that's what we do.
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01:55
(Laughter)
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01:58
And then you just focus on this person.
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그리고 (μ‚¬λž‘μ— 빠진) 당신은 κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²Œλ§Œ μ§‘μ€‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:01
You can list what you don't like about them,
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κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²Œμ„œ μ‹«μ–΄ν•˜λŠ” 점을 μ°Ύμ•„λ‚΄κΈ΄ ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
02:04
but then you sweep that aside and focus on what you do.
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뢀정적인 면은 μž μ‹œ μžŠμ€μ±„ μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” μ μ—λ§Œ μ§‘μ€‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
As Chaucer said, "Love is blind."
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Chaucerκ°€ λ§ν–ˆμ£ . "μ‚¬λž‘μ€ 눈이 λ©€μ—ˆλ‹€." *Chaucer-쀑세 영ꡭ의 μ‹œμΈ
02:11
In trying to understand romantic love,
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λ‘œλ§¨ν‹± μ‚¬λž‘μ„ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λ €κ³  λ…Έλ ₯ν•˜λ˜ 쀑에,
02:13
I decided I would read poetry from all over the world,
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μ €λŠ” μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ˜ μ‹œλ“€μ„ μ½μ–΄λ³΄κΈ°λ‘œ μž‘μ •ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:16
and I just want to give you one very short poem
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κ·Έ μ€‘μ—μ„œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜ μ•„μ£Ό 짧게 8μ„ΈκΈ° μ€‘κ΅­μ‹œμ‘°λ₯Ό λ“€λ €λ“œλ¦΄κ²Œμš”.
02:19
from eighth-century China,
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02:20
because it's an almost perfect example
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 이건 ν•œ λ‚¨μžκ°€ νŠΉμ • μ—¬μΈμ—κ²Œ μ™„μ „ ν‘Ή 빠져버린 거의 μ™„λ²½ν•œ 예λ₯Ό 보여주고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:22
of a man who is focused totally on a particular woman.
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02:26
It's a little bit like when you are madly in love with somebody
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당신이 μ–΄λ–€μ‚¬λžŒκ³Ό λ―ΈμΉœλ“―ν•œ μ‚¬λž‘μ— λΉ μ‘Œμ„ λ•Œμ™€ κ°™μ„κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
02:29
and you walk into a parking lot --
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마치 μ£Όμ°¨μž₯μ—μ„œ
02:31
their car is different from every other car in the parking lot.
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μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ μ°¨κ°€ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ°¨λ“€κ³ΌλŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ 말이죠.
02:34
Their wine glass at dinner
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μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ μ™€μΈμž”μ€ μ €λ…νŒŒν‹°μ— 있던 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ™€μΈμž”λ“€κ³ΌλŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌμš”.
02:36
is different from every other wine glass at the dinner party.
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02:40
And in this case, a man got hooked on a bamboo sleeping mat.
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이 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ”, ν•œ λ‚¨μžκ°€ λŒ€λ‚˜λ¬΄ λ§€νŠΈμ— ν‘Ή λΉ μ§„κ²½μš°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:44
And it goes like this.
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μ‹œμž‘ν•΄μš”. μž‘κ°€ Yuan Chen:
02:45
It's by a guy called Yuan Zhen.
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"λ‚˜λŠ” 이 λŒ€λ‚˜λ¬΄ 맀트λ₯Ό 치울 수 μ—†λ‹€.
02:48
"I cannot bear to put away the bamboo sleeping mat.
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02:51
The night I brought you home, I watched you roll it out."
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λ‚΄κ°€ λ„ˆλ₯Ό μš°λ¦¬μ§‘μ— 데렀온 κ·Έλ‚  λ°€, λ‚˜λŠ” λ„ˆκ°€ ꡬλ₯΄λŠ”것을 λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€."
02:55
He became hooked on a sleeping mat,
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κ·ΈλŠ” λ§€νŠΈμ—κ²Œ λ°˜ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:57
probably because of elevated activity of dopamine in his brain,
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μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 그의 λ‡Œμ˜ λ„νŒŒλ―Όμ˜ ν™œλ™μ΄ μ¦κ°€ν•΄μ„œ κ·ΈλŸ°κ±Έκ±°μ—μš”.
03:00
just like with you and me.
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마치 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€κ³Ό μ €μ²˜λŸΌ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:02
But anyway, not only does this person take on special meaning,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ νŠΉλ³„ν•œ μ˜λ―Έλ§Œμ„ λΆ€μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” 것은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:05
you focus your attention on them.
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κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²Œ λͺ¨λ“  관심을 μŸμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:07
You aggrandize them.
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κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ ν™•λŒ€ν•΄μ„ ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•˜κ³ , λ‹Ήμ‹ μ—κ²Œ κ°•λ ₯ν•œ κΈ°μš΄μ„ 주기도 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:09
But you have intense energy.
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03:11
As one Polynesian said, "I felt like jumping in the sky."
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ν•œ ν΄λ¦¬λ„€μ‹œμ•„ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ λ§ν–ˆμ£ , "λ‚˜λŠ” ν•˜λŠ˜λ‘œ μ ν”„ν•˜λŠ” κΈ°λΆ„μ΄μ˜ˆμš”."
03:15
You're up all night. You're walking till dawn.
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밀을 κΌ¬λ°• μ§€μƒˆμš°κΈ°λ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μƒˆλ²½κΉŒμ§€ κ±Έμ–΄λ‹€λ‹ˆκΈ°λ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:18
You feel intense elation when things are going well;
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관계가 쒋을 λ•ŒλŠ” κ°•ν•˜κ²Œ μ˜κΈ°μ–‘μ–‘ν•΄μ§€μ£ .
03:21
mood swings into horrible despair when things are going poorly.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 잘 λ˜μ–΄κ°€μ§€ μ•Šμ„ λ•Œμ—λŠ” μ•„μ£Ό μ‹¬κ°ν•œ μ ˆλ§μƒνƒœμ— λΉ μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ— λŒ€ν•œ μ§„μ •ν•œ μ˜μ‘΄μƒνƒœμ΄μ£ .
03:25
Real dependence on this person.
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03:27
As one businessman in New York said to me,
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λ‰΄μš•μ˜ ν•œ 사업가가 λ§ν•˜κΈΈ, "κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  것을 λ‚œ μ’‹μ•„ν–ˆλ‹€."
03:30
"Anything she liked, I liked."
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03:32
Simple. Romantic love is very simple.
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κ°„λ‹¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‘œλ§¨ν‹±ν•œ μ‚¬λž‘μ€ κ°„λ‹¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:35
You become extremely sexually possessive.
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당신은 성적 μ†Œμœ μš•μ΄ 극으둜 λ‹¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:38
You know, if you're just sleeping with somebody casually,
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λ§Œμ•½, 당신이 λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ™€ μΌμƒμ μœΌλ‘œ μž”λ‹€λ©΄
03:40
you don't really care if they're sleeping with somebody else.
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당신은 κ·Έ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ™€ μžλŠ” 것에 λŒ€ν•΄ 신경쓰지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:43
But the moment you fall in love,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 당신이 μ‚¬λž‘μ— λΉ μ§€λŠ” μˆœκ°„,
03:45
you become extremely sexually possessive of them.
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당신은 그듀에 λŒ€ν•΄ 성적 μ†Œμœ μš•μ„ κ°–κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:47
I think there's a Darwinian purpose to this.
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μ €λŠ” 이 것에 진화둠적인 λͺ©μ μ΄ μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:51
The whole point of this is to pull two people together
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λͺ©μ μ€ 두 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ ν•¨κ»˜ 아이λ₯Ό κΈ°λ₯΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
03:53
strongly enough to begin to rear babies as a team.
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μ„œλ‘œ λΆ™μ–΄μžˆμ„ 수 있게 ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:58
But the main characteristics of romantic love are craving:
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, λ‘œλ§¨ν‹± μ‚¬λž‘μ˜ μ£Ό νŠΉμ§•μ€ κ°ˆλ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€:
04:01
an intense craving to be with a particular person,
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ν•œ νŠΉμ •ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒκ³Ό μ„±μ μœΌλ‘œ 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ κ°μ„±μ μœΌλ‘œ ν•¨κ»˜ν•˜κ³  싢은 κ°ˆλ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:04
not just sexually, but emotionally.
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04:06
It would be nice to go to bed with them,
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λ¬Όλ‘  연인과 ν•¨κ»˜ μž μ„ μžλ„ μ’‹κ² μ§€λ§Œ, 당신은 쒀더
04:10
but you want them to call you on the telephone, to invite you out, etc.,
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κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ λ‹Ήμ‹ μ—κ²Œ μ „ν™”ν•΄μ£ΌκΈΈ, ν•¨κ»˜ μ‹œκ°„μ„ 보내길 λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:14
to tell you that they love you.
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κ·Έκ°€ 당신을 μ‚¬λž‘ν•œλ‹€κ³  말해주기λ₯Ό 바라죠.
04:17
The other main characteristic is motivation.
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μ‚¬λž‘μ˜ 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ νŠΉμ§•μ€ λ°”λ‘œ, λ™κΈ°λΆ€μ—¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:22
The motor in the brain begins to crank, and you want this person.
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λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ λ‡ŒλŠ” ν™œλ°œν•΄μ§€κ³ , 당신은 κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μ›ν•˜κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:26
And last but not least, it is an obsession.
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ, μ‚¬λž‘μ€ κ°•λ°• κ΄€λ…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:29
Before I put these people in the MRI machine,
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MRI검사λ₯Ό ν•˜λŸ¬ λ“€μ–΄κ°€κΈ° 전에,
04:33
I would ask them all kinds of questions.
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μ €λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 갖가지 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:35
But my most important question was always the same.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ €μ˜ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ€ 항상 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:38
It was: "What percentage of the day and night do you think about this person?"
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그것은 "ν•˜λ£¨μ˜ μ‹œκ°„ 쀑 λͺ‡%λ₯Ό κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒ 생각을 ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ λ³΄λƒ…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?" μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ‹€μ œλ‘œ, 그듀은 "ν•˜λ£¨ λ‚΄λ‚΄, ν•˜λ£»λ°€ λ‚΄λ‚΄, κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ— λŒ€ν•œ 생각을 떨쳐버릴 수 μ—†μ–΄μš”"라고 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:43
And indeed, they would say,
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04:44
"All day. All night.
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04:47
I can never stop thinking about him or her."
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04:50
And then, the very last question --
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그러면, μ €λŠ” λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:51
I would always have to work myself up to this question,
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μ €λŠ” 항상 이 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ— 제 μžμ‹ μ„ λŒ€μž…ν•΄λ³΄κ³€ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:54
because I'm not a psychologist.
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μ €λŠ” μ‹¬λ¦¬ν•™μžκ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:56
I don't work with people in any kind of traumatic situation.
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μ €λŠ” 심적 고톡을 κ²ͺκ³  μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€κ³Ό 일을 ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:59
My final question was always the same.
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그리고 제 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ€ 항상 κ°™μ£ .
05:01
I would say, "Would you die for him or her?"
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"κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μœ„ν•΄ 죽을 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?"
05:04
And, indeed, these people would say "Yes!"
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그리고, μ‹€μ œλ‘œ, μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ "λ„€!"라고 λŒ€λ‹΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:06
as if I had asked them to pass the salt.
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마치 μ œκ°€ μ†ŒκΈˆ μ’€ κ±΄λ‚΄λ‹¬λΌλŠ” 말에 λ‹΅ν•˜ λ“―μ΄μš”.
05:08
I was just staggered by it.
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μ €λŠ” ꡉμž₯히 λ†€λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:12
So we scanned their brains,
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그듀이 각자 μ—°μΈμ˜ 사진듀, 일반적인 사진듀을 보고 μžˆμ„λ•Œ - 쀑간에 λ°©ν•΄ 과제λ₯Ό μ£Όλ©΄μ„œ -
05:15
looking at a photograph of their sweetheart
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05:17
and looking at a neutral photograph,
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λ‡Œλ₯Ό μŠ€μΊ”ν•΄ λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
05:19
with a distraction task in between.
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그리고 μ €ν¬λŠ” λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€- λ˜‘κ°™μ€ λ‡Œκ°€ ν™œμ„±ν™” λ˜μ—ˆμ„ λ•Œμ™€
05:21
So we could look at the same brain when it was in that heightened state
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05:26
and when it was in a resting state.
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μ‰¬κ³ μžˆμ„ λ•Œλ₯Ό λΉ„κ΅ν•˜λ©΄μ„œμš”.
05:28
And we found activity in a lot of brain regions.
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λ‡Œμ˜ ν™œλ°œν•œ ν™œλ™μ„ 확인할 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ‹€μ œλ‘œ, κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 사싀 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” 코카인(λ§ˆμ•½)을 ν‘μž…ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ ν₯뢄을 λŠλΌλŠ”
05:31
In fact, one of the most important was a brain region
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05:33
that becomes active when you feel the rush of cocaine.
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λ‡Œ 뢀뢄이 ν™œμ„±ν™” λœλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:37
And indeed, that's exactly what happens.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 이것이 우리 λ‡Œμ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” ν˜„μƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:40
I began to realize that romantic love is not an emotion.
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λ‘œλ§¨ν‹±ν•œ μ‚¬λž‘μ€, λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ 감정이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
사싀 μ €λŠ” μ‚¬λž‘μ€ κ°μ •λ“€μ˜ 연속이라고 μƒκ°ν–ˆμ—ˆκ±°λ“ μš”
05:45
In fact, I had always thought it was a series of emotions,
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μ•„μ£Ό 격정적인 것뢀터 μ•„μ£Ό 가라앉은 κ°μ •λ“€κΉŒμ§€ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:48
from very high to very low.
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05:49
But actually, it's a drive.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 사싀 μ‚¬λž‘μ€ μš•κ΅¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 마음의 λͺ¨ν„°μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:51
It comes from the motor of the mind,
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05:53
the wanting part of the mind, the craving part of the mind.
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무언가λ₯Ό μ›ν•˜λŠ” λ§ˆμŒμ΄λ‚˜ κ°ˆλ§ν•˜λŠ” λ§ˆμŒμ—μ„œμš”.
05:57
The kind of part of the mind
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μ–΄λ–€ λ§ˆμŒμ΄λƒλ©΄-
05:59
when you're reaching for that piece of chocolate,
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μ΄ˆμ½œλ ›μ— 손을 뻗을 λ•Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λŠλΌλŠ” 그런 마음,
06:01
when you want to win that promotion at work.
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ν˜Ήμ€ νšŒμ‚¬μ—μ„œ μŠΉμ§„μ„ μ›ν•˜λŠ” κ°„μ ˆν•œ λ§ˆμŒμ΄μš”.
06:05
The motor of the brain.
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λ‡Œμ˜ λͺ¨ν„°, 즉 μš•κ΅¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:07
It's a drive.
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06:08
And in fact, I think it's more powerful than the sex drive.
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사싀, 제 생각엔 μ„±μš•λ³΄λ‹€ 더 κ°•λ ₯ν•œ 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ„ μ•Œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²Œ 잠자리λ₯Ό κ°–μžκ³  ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ κ±°μ ˆμ„ ν–ˆλ‹€λ©΄
06:12
You know, if you ask somebody to go to bed with you,
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06:14
and they say, "No, thank you,"
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 슀슀둜 λͺ©μˆ¨μ„ λŠκ±°λ‚˜ μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 우울증 증세에 λΉ μ§€μ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:16
you certainly don't kill yourself or slip into a clinical depression.
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06:19
But certainly, around the world,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λΆ„λͺ…ν•œ 것은, μ „ 세계 곳곳에, μ‚¬λž‘μ— κ±°μ ˆλ‹Ήν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ κ·Έ 것을 μ–»κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ¬ΌλΆˆμ„ κ°€λ₯΄μ§€ μ•Šμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:22
people who are rejected in love will kill for it.
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06:27
People live for love.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μ‚¬λž‘ λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ‚΄κ³ , μ‚¬λž‘ λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 죽이고, μ‚¬λž‘ λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ£½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:28
They kill for love.
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06:29
They die for love.
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06:31
They have songs, poems, novels,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ λ…Έλž˜, μ‹œ, μ†Œμ„€, 쑰각, κ·Έλ¦Ό, μ‹ ν™”, 전섀을 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:34
sculptures, paintings, myths, legends.
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06:38
In over 175 societies,
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175κ°œκ°€ λ„˜λŠ” μ‚¬νšŒμ—, μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μ—„μ²­λ‚œ λ‡Œ ν™œλ™μ˜ 증거λ₯Ό λ‚¨κ²¨λ†¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:41
people have left their evidence of this powerful brain system.
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06:45
I have come to think
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ꡉμž₯ν•œ 즐거움과 ꡉμž₯ν•œ μŠ¬ν””μ„ λŠλ‚„ 수 μžˆλŠ”
06:46
it's one of the most powerful brain systems on Earth
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06:49
for both great joy and great sorrow.
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μ§€κ΅¬μ—μ„œ 제일 κ°•λ ₯ν•œ λ‡Œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λΌκ³  μ €λŠ” μƒκ°ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:52
And I've also come to think
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그리고, 짝짓기와 μƒμ‹μ—μ„œ μ§„ν™”λœ 기본적으둜 λ‹€λ₯Έ
06:54
that it's one of three basically different brain systems
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세가지 λ‡Œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λΌκ³  μƒκ°ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:57
that evolved from mating and reproduction.
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07:00
One is the sex drive: the craving for sexual gratification.
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ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” μ„±μš•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€: 성적 좩쑱을 μœ„ν•œ κ°ˆλ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:03
W.H. Auden called it an "intolerable neural itch,"
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W.H. Auden은 '참을 수 μ—†λŠ” μ‹ κ²½κ³„μ˜ 가렀움'이라고 λΆˆλ €μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:07
and indeed, that's what it is.
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그리고, μ‹€μ œλ‘œ κ·Έλ ‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
λ°°κ³ ν”ˆ 것 처럼, μ‘°κΈˆμ”© 신경이 μ“°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:10
It keeps bothering you a little bit, like being hungry.
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07:13
The second of these three brain systems is romantic love:
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두 번째 λ‡Œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ€ λ‘œλ§¨ν‹±ν•œ μ‚¬λž‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€:
07:16
that elation, obsession of early love.
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μ‚¬λž‘ 초기의 희열감, κ°•λ°• κ΄€λ…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:19
And the third brain system is attachment:
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그리고 μ„Έ 번째 λ‡Œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ€ μ• μ°©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€:
07:21
that sense of calm and security you can feel for a long-term partner.
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μž₯κΈ°κ°„ 짝에 λŒ€ν•œ ν‰μ˜¨ν•¨κ³Ό μ•ˆμ •κ° λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:25
And I think that the sex drive evolved to get you out there,
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μ €λŠ” κ·Έ 경지에 λ‹€λ₯΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ„±μš•μ΄ μ§„ν™”ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:28
looking for a whole range of partners.
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넓은 λ²”μœ„μ˜ 짝을 μ°ΎκΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œμ£ .
07:31
You can feel it when you're just driving along in your car.
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μ°¨λ₯Ό μš΄μ „ν•  λ•Œμ˜ κ·Έ 기뢄을 λŠλ‚„ μˆ˜κ°€ 있죠.
07:33
It can be focused on nobody.
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κ·Έ μ•„λ¬΄λ„μ—κ²Œ 집쀑될 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:35
I think romantic love evolved to enable you to focus your mating energy
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μ €λŠ” μ§μ§“λŠ” μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό ν•œ λ•Œμ— ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²Œλ§Œ
07:39
on just one individual at a time,
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집쀑할 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ λ‘œλ§¨ν‹± μ‚¬λž‘μ΄ μ§„ν™”ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:41
thereby conserving mating time and energy.
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이둜써 μ§μ§“λŠ” μ‹œκ°„κ³Ό μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό μ ˆμ•½ν•  수 있죠.
07:43
And I think that attachment, the third brain system,
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그리고, μ„Έ 번째의 λ‡Œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμΈ 애착은
07:46
evolved to enable you to tolerate this human being
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이 μ‚¬λžŒμ„ κ²¬λ”œ 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ μ§„ν™”ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. (μ›ƒμŒ)
07:50
at least long enough to raise a child together as a team.
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적어도 νŒ€μœΌλ‘œμ„œ μ• λ₯Ό κΈ°λ₯Ό 수 μžˆμ„ λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:56
So with that preamble,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·Έ μ„œλ‘ μ„ μ΄μ–΄μ„œ 제일 뜻 κΉŠμ€ 두 가지 μ‚¬νšŒμ μΈ νŠΈλ Œλ“œμ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:57
I want to go into discussing the two most profound social trends.
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08:04
One of the last 10,000 years
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μ§€λ‚œ λͺ‡ λ§Œλ…„λ™μ•ˆ, 그리고 ν™•μ‹€νžˆ μ§€λ‚œ 25λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ,
08:06
and the other, certainly of the last 25 years,
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08:11
that are going to have an impact on these three different brain systems:
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μ •μš•, λ‘œλ§¨ν‹±ν•œ μ‚¬λž‘κ³Ό 짝에 λŒ€ν•œ κΉŠμ€ 애착인,
08:15
lust, romantic love and deep attachment to a partner.
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이 μ„Έ 개의 λ‹€λ₯Έ λ‡Œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ— 영ν–₯을 끼칠 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:19
The first is women working, moving into the workforce.
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μ²«μ§ΈλŠ” 여성듀이 μΌν•˜κ³  인λ ₯으둜 μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ €λŠ” μœ μ—”μ˜ 인ꡬ 톡계책을 ν†΅ν•΄μ„œ 150, 130개의 μ‚¬νšŒλ“€μ„ λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:26
I've looked at 130 societies
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08:29
through the demographic yearbooks of the United Nations.
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08:31
Everywhere in the world, 129 out of 130 of them,
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그리고 전세계 μ–΄λ””μ„œλ‚˜, 130 쀑 129κ°œλŠ”, μ—¬μ„±λ“€μ˜ 취업이 μ¦κ°€ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒλΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ -
08:36
women are not only moving into the job market --
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08:39
sometimes very, very slowly, but they are moving into the job market --
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μ–΄μ©” λ•ŒλŠ” μ•„μ£Ό ꡉμž₯히 λŠλ¦¬μ§€λ§Œ, 취업을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ -
08:43
and they are very slowly closing that gap between men and women
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경제적 λŠ₯λ ₯, 건강 및 κ΅μœ‘μ—μ„œ
08:46
in terms of economic power, health and education.
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남녀 차이λ₯Ό 쀄이고 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:50
It's very slow.
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ꡉμž₯히 λŠλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:51
For every trend on this planet, there's a counter-trend.
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이 μ§€κ΅¬μ—μ„œ λͺ¨λ“  νŠΈλ Œλ“œμ—λŠ” λ°˜λŒ€-νŠΈλ Œλ“œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:55
We all know of them, but nevertheless --
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우리 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ κ·Έ 것듀을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ§€λ§Œ, 였래된 μ•„λž 속담에
08:57
the Arabs say, "The dogs may bark, but the caravan moves on."
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'κ°œλ“€μ΄ 짖을 순 μžˆμ–΄λ„, μΉ΄λΌλ°˜μ€ μ—¬μ „νžˆ 움직인닀.'
09:03
And, indeed, that caravan is moving on.
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그리고 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ, κ·Έ μΉ΄λΌλ°˜μ€ 움직이고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:06
Women are moving back into the job market.
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여성듀은 λ‹€μ‹œ 직업 μ‹œμž₯으둜 λŒμ•„κ°€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:08
And I say back into the job market, because this is not new.
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그리고 μ œκ°€ λŒμ•„κ°€κ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•˜λŠ” μ΄μœ λŠ” 이 것이 μƒˆλ‘­μ§€ μ•ŠκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:12
For millions of years, on the grasslands of Africa,
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λͺ‡λ°±λ§Œλ…„ λ™μ•ˆ, μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ μ΄ˆμ›μ—μ„œ
여성듀은 야채λ₯Ό λͺ¨μœΌλŸ¬ μΌν•˜λŸ¬ λ‚˜κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:16
women commuted to work to gather their vegetables.
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09:19
They came home with 60 to 80 percent of the evening meal.
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μ €λ…μ˜ 60 - 80%의 μŒμ‹μ„ 가지고 집에 λŒμ•„μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:22
The double income family was the standard.
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두 개의 μˆ˜μž…μ„ 가진 가쑱이 ν‘œμ€€μ΄μ—‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:25
And women were regarded as just as economically,
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그리고 여성듀은 경제적으둜, μ‚¬νšŒμ μœΌλ‘œ, μ„±μ μœΌλ‘œ λ‚¨μ„±λ§ŒνΌ κ°•ν•˜κ²Œ μ—¬κ²¨μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:29
socially and sexually powerful as men.
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09:33
In short, we're really moving forward to the past.
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μš”μ•½ν•΄μ„œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 과거둜 μ§„μ „ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:37
Then, women's worst invention was the plow.
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κ·Έ λ•Œ, μ—¬μ„±μ˜ μ΅œμ•…μ˜ 발λͺ…ν’ˆμ€ μŸκΈ°μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:42
With the beginning of plow agriculture, men's roles became extremely powerful.
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갈이 농사가 μ‹œμž‘λ˜λ©΄μ„œ λ‚¨μ„±λ“€μ˜ μ—­ν™œμ΄ 맀우 κ°•ν•΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:46
Women lost their ancient jobs as collectors,
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여성듀은 μ±„μ§‘μžλ‘œμ„œμ˜ 였래된 일을 μžƒμ—ˆμœΌλ‚˜,
μ‚°μ—…ν˜λͺ…κ³Ό 포슀트-μ‚°μ—…ν˜λͺ…μœΌλ‘œ μΈν•˜μ—¬
09:50
but then with the industrial revolution and the post-industrial revolution
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09:54
they're moving back into the job market.
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그듀은 λ‹€μ‹œ μ·¨μ—… λ§ˆμΌ“μœΌλ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:56
In short, they are acquiring the status that they had a million years ago,
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μš”μ•½ν•΄μ„œ, 만, μ‹­λ§Œ, λͺ‡λ°±λ§Œλ…„ 전에 κ°€μ‘Œλ˜ μ§€μœ„λ₯Ό
10:01
10,000 years ago, 100,000 years ago.
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그듀은 되 μ°Ύκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:04
We are seeing now one of the most remarkable traditions
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인간 μ—­μ‚¬μ—μ„œ 제일 μ£Όλͺ©ν•  λ§Œν•œ 전톡 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν˜„μž¬ 보고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:09
in the history of the human animal.
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그리고 κ·Έ 것은 영ν–₯을 끼칠 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:13
And it's going to have an impact.
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10:15
I generally give a whole lecture
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일반적으둜 μ €λŠ” 사업 단체에 μ—¬μ„±λ“€μ˜ 영ν–₯에 λŒ€ν•΄ 전체 κ°•μ˜λ₯Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:16
on the impact of women on the business community.
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10:19
I'll say just a couple of things, and then go on to sex and love.
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λͺ‡ κ°€μ§€λ§Œ μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•˜κ³ , μ„ΉμŠ€μ™€ μ‚¬λž‘μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ 말씀 λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:22
There's a lot of gender differences;
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λ§Žμ€ 남녀 차이가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:24
anybody who thinks men and women are alike
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남녀가 λΉ„μŠ·ν•˜λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ€ λ‚¨μž 아이와 μ—¬μž 아이λ₯Ό ν‚€μ›Œλ³΄μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:26
simply never had a boy and a girl child.
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10:28
I don't know why they want to think that men and women are alike.
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μ™œ 그듀이 남녀가 λΉ„μŠ·ν•˜λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜κ³  싢은지 λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:31
There's much we have in common,
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λ‚¨λ…€μ—κ²Œ 맣은 곡톡점이 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ,
10:33
but there's a whole lot that we do not have in common.
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μ•„λ‹Œ 점듀도 λ§ŽμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:36
We are -- in the words of Ted Hughes,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ”, Ted Hughes의 λ§λ‘œλŠ”, *Ted Hughes-영ꡭ의 μ‹œμΈ
10:38
"I think that we are like two feet. We need each other to get ahead."
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'λ‚˜λŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ‘Œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•œλ‹€ - 마치 두 발처럼 말이닀. μ•žμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜μ•„κ°€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ„œλ‘œκ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€.'
10:43
But we did not evolve to have the same brain.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 같은 λ‡Œλ₯Ό 갖도둝 μ§„ν™”ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:46
And we're finding more and more gender differences in the brain.
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그리고 λ‡Œμ—μ„œ 점점 더 λ§Žμ€ 남녀 차이λ₯Ό λ°œκ²¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:49
I'll only just use a couple and then move on to sex and love.
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λͺ‡ κ°€μ§€λ§Œ λ§ν•˜κ³ , μ„ΉμŠ€μ™€ μ‚¬λž‘μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ μ–˜κΈ°ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:52
One of them is women's verbal ability.
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ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” μ—¬μ„±μ˜ 언어적인 λŠ₯λ ₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 여성듀은 말을 μž˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:54
Women can talk.
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10:56
Women's ability to find the right word rapidly, basic articulation
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여성듀이 μ•Œλ§žμ€ 단어λ₯Ό 빨리 μ°ΎλŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯, 기본적인 ν‘œν˜„μ€
11:00
goes up in the middle of the menstrual cycle,
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μ›”κ²½ μ£ΌκΈ° 쀑간에 μƒμŠΉν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ—μŠ€ν† λ‘œκ² 호λ₯΄λͺ¬μ΄ 제일 λ§Žμ„ λ•Œ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:02
when estrogen levels peak.
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11:03
But even at menstruation, they're better than the average man.
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μ›”κ²½ 쀑일 λ•Œμ—λ„, 평균적인 남성보닀 더 μš°μˆ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:08
Women can talk.
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여성듀은 말을 μž˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:09
They've been doing it for a million years; words were women's tools.
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그듀은 λͺ‡λ°±λ§Œλ…„ λ™μ•ˆ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” μ—¬μ„±λ“€μ˜ λ„κ΅¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:13
They held that baby in front of their face,
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μ• κΈ° 얼꡴을 마주보고 μ•ˆμœΌλ©΄μ„œ
11:15
cajoling it, reprimanding it, educating it with words.
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λ‹¨μ–΄λ‘œ λΆ€μΆ”κΈ°κ³ , κΎΈμ§–κ³ , κ΅μœ‘μ‹œν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:18
And, indeed, they're becoming a very powerful force.
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그리고 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ κ°•λ ₯ν•œ 힘이 λ˜μ–΄κ°€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:22
Even in places like India and Japan,
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심지어 μΈλ„λ‚˜ 일본같은 κ³³μ—μ„œλ„,
11:27
where women are not moving rapidly into the regular job market,
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여성듀은 일반적인 μ·¨μ—… μ‹œμž₯으둜 빨리 μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ” κ²ƒλΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ,
11:30
they're moving into journalism.
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μ €λ„λ¦¬μ¦˜μœΌλ‘œ 움직이고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:32
And I think that the television is like the global campfire.
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그리고 μ €λŠ” ν…”λ ˆλΉ„μ Όμ΄ 세계적인 μΊ ν”„νŒŒμ΄μ–΄κ°™λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:37
We sit around it and it shapes our minds.
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κ·Έ μ£Όμœ„μ— 앉아 우리의 λ§ˆμŒμ„
11:41
Almost always, when I'm on TV, the producer who calls me,
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거의 μ–Έμ œλ‚˜, μ œκ°€ ν…”λ ˆλΉ„μ Όμ— μΆœμ—°ν•  λ•Œ, 말할 λ‚΄μš©μ„
11:45
who negotiates what we're going to say,
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ν˜‘μƒν•˜λŠ” ν”„λ‘œλ“€μ„œλŠ” μ—¬μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:47
is a woman.
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11:48
In fact, Solzhenitsyn once said,
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Solzhenitsyn은 μ΄λ ‡κ²Œλ„ λ§ν•œ 적이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€: *Solzhenitsyn μ†”μ œλ‹ˆμΉœ-κ΅¬μ†Œλ ¨μ˜ μž‘κ°€
'ν›Œλ₯­ν•œ μž‘κ°€λ₯Ό 가진 것은 λ˜λ‹€λ₯Έ μ •λΆ€λ₯Ό κ°–λŠ” 것이닀.'
11:51
"To have a great writer is to have another government."
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11:54
Today 54 percent of people who are writers in America are women.
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였늘 λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ 54%의 μž‘κ°€λŠ” μ—¬μ„±μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ·¨μ—… μ‹œμž₯으둜 κ°–κ³  올 수 μžˆλŠ”
12:00
It's one of many, many characteristics that women have
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12:02
that they will bring into the job market.
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여성듀이 가진 λ§Žμ€ νŠΉμ§• 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:05
They've got incredible people skills, negotiating skills.
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그듀은 λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒμ μΈ μ†œμ”¨, ν˜‘μƒ μ†œμ”¨λ“€μ„ κ°–κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:09
They're highly imaginative.
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그듀은 ꡉμž₯히 상상λ ₯이 ν’λΆ€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:11
We now know the brain circuitry of imagination, of long-term planning.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 상상λ ₯의, μž₯κΈ°κ°„ κ³„νšμ˜ λ‡Œ 회둜λ₯Ό μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:15
They tend to be web thinkers.
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그듀은 'web thinker'일 κ°€λŠ₯성이 더 λ†’μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:17
Because the female parts of the brain are better connected,
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μ—¬μ„± λ‡Œ 뢀뢄듀이 더 연결이 잘 λ˜μ–΄ 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
12:20
they tend to collect more pieces of data when they think,
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그듀이 생각할 λ•Œ 더 λ§Žμ€ 정보λ₯Ό μˆ˜μ§‘ν•˜λ©°,
12:23
put them into more complex patterns, see more options and outcomes.
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더 λ³΅μž‘ν•œ νŒ¨ν„΄μœΌλ‘œ 이루어, 더 λ§Žμ€ μ˜΅μ…˜κ³Ό 결과듀을 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:28
They tend to be contextual, holistic thinkers,
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그듀은 μ •ν™©μ μœΌλ‘œ, μ „μ²΄μ μœΌλ‘œ 생각을 ν•˜λŠ” 'web thinker'인 편이죠.
12:32
what I call web thinkers.
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12:33
Men tend to -- and these are averages --
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남성듀은, ν‰κ· μ μœΌλ‘œ, 그듀이 μ™ΈλΆ€μ μœΌλ‘œ κ³ λ €ν•˜λŠ” 것듀을 μ œκ±°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:35
tend to get rid of what they regard as extraneous,
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12:38
focus on what they do,
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 일에 μ§‘μ€‘ν•˜κ³ , 단계에 따라 μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” νŒ¨ν„΄μœΌλ‘œ μΌν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:39
and move in a more step-by-step thinking pattern.
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12:46
They're both perfectly good ways of thinking.
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λ‘˜λ‹€ μƒκ°ν•˜κΈ° 쒋은 λ°©μ‹μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:48
We need both of them to get ahead.
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μ•žμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜μ•„κ°€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ‘˜λ‹€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:50
In fact, there's many more male geniuses in the world.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ, μ„Έμƒμ—λŠ” 남성 μ²œμž¬λ“€μ΄ 더 λ§ŽμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:54
And there's also many more male idiots in the world.
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그리고 λ˜ν•œ μ„Έμƒμ—λŠ” 남성 바보듀이 더 λ§ŽμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. (μ›ƒμŒ)
12:56
(Laughter)
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12:58
When the male brain works well, it works extremely well.
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남성 λ‘λ‡Œκ°€ 잘 λŒμ•„κ°ˆ λ•ŒλŠ”, ꡉμž₯히 일을 잘 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:01
And what I really think that we're doing is,
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그리고 μ œκ°€ μƒκ°ν•˜κΈ°μ—λŠ” μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν˜‘λ ₯적인 μ‚¬νšŒλ‘œ 움직이고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:05
we're moving towards a collaborative society,
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13:07
a society in which the talents of both men and women
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남녀 λ‘˜λ‹€μ˜ 재λŠ₯을 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κ³ , μ‘΄μ€‘λ˜κ³  μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ”
13:10
are becoming understood and valued and employed.
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μ‚¬νšŒλ₯Ό λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:14
But in fact, women moving into the job market
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 여성듀이 점점 더 μΌν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨
13:16
is having a huge impact on sex and romance and family life.
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μ„ΉμŠ€, λ‘œλ§¨μŠ€μ™€ κ°€μ • μƒν™œμ— 큰 영ν–₯을 끼치고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:22
Foremost, women are starting to express their sexuality.
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λ¨Όμ €, 여성듀은 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 성별을 ν‘œν˜„ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:27
I'm always astonished when people come to me and say,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ €ν•œν…Œ μ™€μ„œ 'μ™œ 남성듀은 κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ κ°„ν†΅ν• κΉŒμš”?'
13:30
"Why is it that men are so adulterous?"
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라고 물을 λ•Œ 항상 λ†€λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:32
"Why do you think more men are adulterous than women?"
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μ €λŠ” 'μ™œ 당신은 남성보닀 여성이 더 κ°„ν†΅ν•˜λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ§€μš”?' 라고 물으면,
13:35
"Well, men are more adulterous!"
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'μ•„ κ·Έλƒ₯, λ‚¨μžλ“€μ΄ 더 κ°„ν†΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€!'라고 λŒ€λ‹΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
그러면 μ €λŠ” μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€: '이 λ‚¨μžλ“€μ΄ λˆ„κ΅¬μ™€ μž”λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?'
13:37
And I say, "Who do you think these men are sleeping with?"
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기초적인 μ‚°μˆ˜μ΄μ£ ! (μ›ƒμŒ)
13:40
(Laughter)
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13:41
And -- basic math!
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13:43
Anyway.
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μ–΄μ¨Œλ“ .
13:44
In the Western world,
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μ„œμ–‘ μ‚¬νšŒμ—μ„œλŠ”,
13:48
women start sooner at sex, have more partners,
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여성듀이 더 일찍 성관계λ₯Ό 가지며, 더 λ§Žμ€ 짝을 가지며,
13:51
express less remorse for the partners that they do,
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이에 λŒ€ν•΄ 덜 ν›„νšŒν•˜λ©°,
13:53
marry later, have fewer children,
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더 늦게 κ²°ν˜Όν•˜λ©°, 더 적게 아이λ₯Ό 가지며, ν–‰λ³΅ν•œ κ²°ν˜Όμ„ 찾으러 λΆˆν–‰ν•œ κ²°ν˜Όλ“€μ„ λ– λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:56
leave bad marriages in order to get good ones.
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13:59
We are seeing the rise of female sexual expression.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ—¬μ„± 성별 ν‘œν˜„μ˜ μƒμŠΉμ„ λͺ©κ²©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:03
And, indeed, once again we're moving forward to the kind of sexual expression
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그리고 μ•„λ§ˆ λͺ‡λ°±λ§Œλ…„ μ „ 아프리카 μ΄ˆμ›μ—μ„œλ‚˜ 봀을
14:08
that we probably saw on the grasslands of Africa a million years ago,
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성별 ν‘œν˜„μœΌλ‘œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ‹€κ°€κ°€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:12
because this is the kind of sexual expression that we see
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ˜ 사λƒ₯κ³Ό μ±„μ§‘μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒμ—μ„œ λ³΄λŠ”
14:15
in hunting and gathering societies today.
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성별 ν‘œν˜„μ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:17
We're also returning to an ancient form of marriage equality.
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 였래된 결혼 λ™λ“±ν•¨μœΌλ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:22
They're now saying that the 21st century
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21μ„ΈλŠ” 'λŒ€μΉ­μ μΈ 결혼',
14:27
is going to be the century of what they call the "symmetrical marriage,"
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'μˆœμˆ˜ν•œ 결혼' 및 'μš°μ•  결혼'인
14:31
or the "pure marriage," or the "companionate marriage."
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μ„ΈκΈ°κ°€ 될 것이라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:36
This is a marriage between equals,
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λ™λ“±ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λΌλ¦¬μ˜ κ²°ν˜Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:40
moving forward to a pattern
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였래된 인간 μ •μ‹ κ³Ό 극히 ν˜Έν™˜μ„±μ΄ μžˆλŠ” νŒ¨ν„΄μœΌλ‘œ 움직이고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:42
that is highly compatible with the ancient human spirit.
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14:46
We're also seeing a rise of romantic love.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ˜ν•œ λ‘œλ§¨ν‹± μ‚¬λž‘μ˜ μƒμŠΉμ„ λͺ©κ²©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:49
91 percent of American women and 86 percent of American men
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λ―Έκ΅­ μ—¬μ„±μ˜ 91%와 λ―Έκ΅­ λ‚¨μ„±μ˜ 86%κ°€
14:54
would not marry somebody who had every single quality
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μ§μ—μ„œ μ°ΎλŠ” λͺ¨λ“  νŠΉμ§•μ„ κ°€μ‘Œμ–΄λ„ μ‚¬λž‘ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λ©΄
14:58
they were looking for in a partner,
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15:00
if they were not in love with that person.
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κ²°ν˜Όν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ² λ‹€κ³  λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:03
People around the world, in a study of 37 societies,
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전세계 곳곳에 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄, 37μ‚¬νšŒλ₯Ό μ—°κ΅¬ν•œ μ‹€ν—˜μ—μ„œ,
15:06
want to be in love with the person that they marry.
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κ²°ν˜Όν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒκ³Ό μ‚¬λž‘μ— 빠져있고 μ‹Άλ‹€κ³  λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:10
Indeed, arranged marriages are on their way off this braid of human life.
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쀑맀 κ²°ν˜Όλ“€μ€ ν˜„μž¬ 인간 μ‚Άμ—μ„œ 사라지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:20
I even think that marriages might even become more stable
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심지어 μ €λŠ” 이 두 번째의 세계 νŠΈλ Œλ“œ λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
15:23
because of the second great world trend.
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κ²°ν˜Όλ“€μ΄ 더 μ•ˆμ •μ μΌ 것이라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:27
The first one being women moving into the job market,
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첫 λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” 여성듀이 μ·¨μ—… μ‹œμž₯으둜 μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ” 것이고,
15:30
the second one being the aging world population.
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두 λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” λ…Έν™”ν•˜λŠ” 세계 μΈκ΅¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:32
They're now saying that in America,
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λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œλŠ” 쀑년 λ‚˜μ΄κ°€
15:35
that middle age should be regarded as up to age 85.
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85μ‚΄κΉŒμ§€λΌκ³  여겨져야 ν•œλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:39
Because in that highest age category of 76 to 85,
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 제일 높은 λ‚˜μ΄ λ²”μœ„μΈ 76μ—μ„œ 85 μ€‘μ—μ„œλŠ”
15:44
as much as 40 percent of people have nothing really wrong with them.
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μ˜€λ‘œμ§€ 40%κΉŒμ§€ μ§„μ •μœΌλ‘œ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:48
So we're seeing there's a real extension of middle age.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 쀑년 λ‚˜μ΄μ˜ μ§„μ •ν•œ μ—°μž₯을 보고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:51
For one of my books, I looked at divorce data in 58 societies.
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제 μ±…λ“€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄μ„œ, 58개 μ‚¬νšŒμ˜ 이혼 μžλ£Œλ“€μ„ λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:57
And as it turns out, the older you get, the less likely you are to divorce.
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κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό, λŠ™μ„ 수둝 μ΄ν˜Όν•  κ°€λŠ₯성이 μ€€λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:01
So the divorce rate right now is stable in America,
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λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ 이혼λ₯ μ΄ ν˜„μž¬ μ•ˆμ •μ μ΄κ³ ,
16:05
and it's actually beginning to decline.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ κ°μ†Œν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:07
It may decline some more.
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쑰금 더 κ°μ†Œν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
그리고 비아그라, μ—μŠ€νŠΈλ‘œκ² λŒ€μ²΄, νžˆν”„ λŒ€μ²΄λ“€,
16:12
I would even say that with Viagra,
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16:16
estrogen replacement, hip replacements
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16:19
and the incredibly interesting women
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및 ꡉμž₯히 ν₯미둜운 μ—¬μ„±λ“€
16:22
-- women have never been as interesting as they are now.
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- 여성듀은 κ·Έ μ–΄λŠ λ•Œλ³΄λ‹€ μ§€κΈˆμ²˜λŸΌ ν₯미둭지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:25
Not at any time on this planet have women been so educated,
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이 ν–‰μ„±μ—μ„œ κ·Έ μ–΄λŠ λ•Œλ³΄λ‹€ μ—¬μžλ“€μ΄ 더 ꡐ윑 λ°›κ³ , ν₯λ―Έλ‘­κ³ , λŠ₯λ ₯ μžˆμ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:28
so interesting, so capable.
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16:30
And so I honestly think that if there really was ever a time in human evolution
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μ†”μ§νžˆ 제 μƒκ°μ—λŠ” 인간 진화 쀑 쒋은 κ²°ν˜Όμ„ 맺을 κΈ°νšŒκ°€ μžˆλ”λΌλ©΄
16:36
when we have the opportunity to make good marriages, that time is now.
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κ·Έ μ‹œκ°„μ€ μ§€κΈˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:41
However, there's always kinds of complications in this.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜, μ–Έμ œλ‚˜ λ¬Έμ œμ λ“€μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:44
These three brain systems -- lust, romantic love and attachment --
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이 μ„Έ λ‡Œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œλ“€μ€ - μ •μš•, λ‘œλ§¨ν‹± μ‚¬λž‘κ³Ό μ• μ°© -
16:49
don't always go together.
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μ–Έμ œλ‚˜ 같이 μž‘λ™ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:50
They can go together, by the way.
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같이 μž‘λ™λ  λ•Œλ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:52
That's why casual sex isn't so casual.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 캐μ₯¬μ–Ό μ„ΉμŠ€λŠ” 캐μ₯¬μ–Όν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:54
With orgasm you get a spike of dopamine.
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였λ₯΄κ°€μ¦˜μ„ κ²ͺ으면 λ„νŒŒλ―Όμ΄ μΉ˜μ†ŸμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:56
Dopamine's associated with romantic love,
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λ„νŒŒλ―Όμ€ λ‘œλ§¨ν‹± μ‚¬λž‘κ³Ό 연관이 λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:58
and you can just fall in love with somebody
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그리고 캐μ₯¬μ–Ό μ„ΉμŠ€λ₯Ό ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒκ³Ό μ‚¬λž‘μ— 빠질 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:01
who you're just having casual sex with.
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17:02
With orgasm, then you get a real rush of oxytocin and vasopressin --
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였λ₯΄κ°€μ¦˜μ„ κ²ͺ으면 μ• μ°©κ³Ό μ—°κ΄€λœ
17:06
those are associated with attachment.
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μ˜₯μ‹œν† μ‹ κ³Ό λ°”μ†Œν”„λ ˆμ‹ μ΄ λΆ„λΉ„λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:08
This is why you can feel such a sense of cosmic union with somebody
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ³Ό μ‚¬λž‘μ„ λ‚˜λˆ΄μ„ λ•Œ
17:12
after you've made love to them.
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λ¬΄ν•œν•œ 쑰합을 λŠλ‚„ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:14
But these three brain systems: lust, romantic love and attachment,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이 μ„Έ λ‡Œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œλ“€μ€ - μ •μš•, λ‘œλ§¨ν‹± μ‚¬λž‘κ³Ό μ• μ°© -
17:19
aren't always connected to each other.
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μ–Έμ œλ‚˜ μ—°κ²°λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:22
You can feel deep attachment to a long-term partner
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μž₯κΈ°κ°„ μ§μ—μ„œ κΉŠμ€ 애착을 λŠλ‚„ 수 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
17:25
while you feel intense romantic love for somebody else,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²Œ κ°•λ ¬ν•œ λ‘œλ§¨ν‹± μ‚¬λž‘μ„ λŠλ‚„ 수 있고,
17:29
while you feel the sex drive for people unrelated to these other partners.
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κ·Έλ“€κ³Ό λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ„±μš•μ„ λŠλ‚„ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:35
In short, we're capable of loving more than one person at a time.
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μš”μ•½ν•΄μ„œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν•œ λ•Œμ— ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒ 이상 μ‚¬λž‘ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:40
In fact, you can lie in bed at night
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밀에 μΉ¨λŒ€μ— λˆ„μ›Œμžˆμ„ λ•Œ
17:42
and swing from deep feelings of attachment for one person
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ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ ν–₯ν•œ κΉŠμ€ μ• μ°©κ³Ό
17:46
to deep feelings of romantic love for somebody else.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ ν–₯ν•œ κΉŠμ€ λ‘œλ§¨ν‹± μ‚¬λž‘ μ‚¬μ΄μ—μ„œ 흔듀릴 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:49
It's as if there's a committee meeting going on in your head
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 해야될 지 κ²°μ •ν•˜λ €λŠ”
17:52
as you are trying to decide what to do.
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λ¨Έλ¦Ώ 속에 μœ„μ›νšŒ λ―ΈνŒ…μ΄ μžˆλ“―μ΄ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:55
So I don't think, honestly,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ†”μ§νžˆ μ €λŠ” ν–‰λ³΅ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§„ 동물이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌκ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€:
17:57
we're an animal that was built to be happy;
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17:59
we are an animal that was built to reproduce.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μƒμ‹ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§„ λ™λ¬Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:01
I think the happiness we find, we make.
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μ €λŠ” 행볡은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 것이라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:04
And I think, however,
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그리고 μ„œλ‘œμ™€ 쒋은 관계λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:07
we can make good relationships with each other.
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18:11
So I want to conclude with two things.
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μ €λŠ” 두 가지와 ν•¨κ»˜ 결둠을 λ§Ίκ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ €λŠ” κ±±μ •μœΌλ‘œ κ²°λ‘ ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:13
I want to conclude with a worry,
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μ €λŠ” 걱정이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 이어 멋진 이야기도 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:15
and with a wonderful story.
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ν•­μš°μšΈμ¦μ— λŒ€ν•œ κ±±μ •μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:19
The worry is about antidepressants.
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λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ λͺ‡λ°±λ§Œμ΄ λ„˜λŠ” ν•­μš°μšΈμ¦ 처방이 μ“°μ—¬μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:23
Over 100 million prescriptions of antidepressants
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18:28
are written every year in the United States.
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18:32
And these drugs are going generic.
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그리고 이 약듀은 μΌλ°˜ν™” λ˜μ–΄κ°€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:34
They are seeping around the world.
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세계 전체에 μŠ€λ©°λ“€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:37
I know one girl who's been on these antidepressants,
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μ €λŠ” 13μ‚΄ λ•ŒλΆ€ν„° ν•­μš°μšΈμ¦, μ„Έλ‘œν† λ‹Œ-ν–₯μƒν•˜λŠ”
18:43
SSRIs, serotonin-enhancing antidepressants -- since she was 13.
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SSRI, μ„Έλ‘œν† λ‹Œ-ν–₯μƒν•˜λŠ” ν•­μš°μšΈμ¦μ„ λ³΅μš©ν•˜λŠ” μ—¬μžλ₯Ό μ••λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:47
She's 23. She's been on them ever since she was 13.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 23μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 13μ‚΄ λ•ŒλΆ€ν„° 약을 λ¨ΉκΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:50
I've got nothing against people who take them short term,
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λ”μ°ν•œ 일을 κ²ͺκ³  μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
18:53
when they're going through something horrible.
355
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단기간 λ³΅μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ μ΄μ˜λŠ” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:55
They want to commit suicide or kill somebody else.
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그듀은 μžμ‚΄ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μ‚΄ν•΄ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:58
I would recommend it.
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그듀에겐 μΆ”μ²œν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:59
But more and more people in the United States
358
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œλŠ” λ”λ”μš± λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μž₯κΈ°κ°„ λ³΅μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:01
are taking them long term.
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그리고 이 약듀은 μ„Έλ‘œν† λ‹Œμ˜ 양을 μ¦κ°€μ‹œν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:04
And indeed, what these drugs do is raise levels of serotonin.
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19:09
And by raising levels of serotonin, you suppress the dopamine circuit.
361
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μ„Έλ‘œν† λ‹Œμ„ μ¦κ°€μ‹œν‚€λ©΄, λ„νŒŒλ―Ό 회둜λ₯Ό λ§‰μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:14
Everybody knows that.
362
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λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μ•„λŠ” μ‚¬μ‹€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:16
Dopamine is associated with romantic love.
363
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λ„νŒŒλ―Όμ€ λ‘œλ§¨ν‹± μ‚¬λž‘κ³Ό 연관이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:21
Not only do they suppress the dopamine circuit,
364
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λ„νŒŒλ―Ό 회둜λ₯Ό λ§‰λŠ” κ²ƒλΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ, μ„±μš•λ„ μ£½μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:24
but they kill the sex drive.
365
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19:27
And when you kill the sex drive, you kill orgasm.
366
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μ„±μš•μ„ 죽이면 였λ₯΄κ°€μ¦˜λ„ μ£½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:31
And when you kill orgasm,
367
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그리고 였λ₯΄κ°€μ¦˜μ„ 죽이면, μ• μ°©κ³Ό μ—°κ΄€λœ 호λ₯΄λͺ¬λ“€λ„ λ‹€ μ£½μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:32
you kill that flood of drugs associated with attachment.
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19:36
The things are connected in the brain.
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λ‡Œμ˜ 것듀은 λ‹€ 연결이 λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:39
And when you tamper with one brain system,
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λ‡Œμ˜ ν•œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ— κ°„μ„­ν•˜λ©΄,
19:41
you're going to tamper with another.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œλ„ κ°„μ„­ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:44
I'm just simply saying that a world without love is a deadly place.
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μ €λŠ” 단지 μ‚¬λž‘μ΄ μ—†λŠ” 세상은 치λͺ…적인 곳이라고 λ§ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:49
So now --
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19:50
(Applause)
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ - (λ°•μˆ˜) - κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:55
Thank you.
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μ €λŠ” μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ‘œ 끝내고 μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고, μ½”λ©˜νŠΈλ„λ„μš”.
19:56
I want to end with a story.
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19:58
And then, just a comment.
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20:01
I've been studying romantic love and sex and attachment for 30 years.
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μ €λŠ” 30λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ λ‘œλ§¨ν‹± μ‚¬λž‘κ³Ό, μ„ΉμŠ€μ™€ 애착을 연ꡬ해 μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ €λŠ” μΌλž€μ„± 쌍λ‘₯μ΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ™œ λΉ„μŠ·ν•œμ§€ μ €λŠ” κΆκΈˆν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:08
I'm an identical twin; I am interested in why we're all alike.
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20:12
Why you and I are alike, why the Iraqis and the Japanese
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μ™œ λ‹Ήμ‹ κ³Ό λ‚΄κ°€ 같은지, μ™œ 이라크인듀, 일본인듀,
20:16
and the Australian Aborigines and the people of the Amazon River
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μ˜€μŠ€νŠΈλ ˆμΌλ¦¬μ•„ 원주민듀 및 μ•„λ§ˆμ‘΄ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ λΉ„μŠ·ν•œμ§€ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:19
are all alike.
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20:20
And about a year ago,
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ν•œ 1λ…„ μ „, 인터넷 μ—°μ•  μ„œλΉ„μŠ€μΈ Match.com이
20:23
an Internet dating service, Match.com, came to me
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20:26
and asked me if I would design a new dating site for them.
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μ œκ°€ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ—°μ•  μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλ₯Ό λ””μžμΈν•΄ μ€„μˆ˜ μžˆλŠ”μ§€ λ¬Όμ–΄λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:29
I said, "I don't know anything about personality. You know?
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μ €λŠ”, '성격에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ 아무것도 λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:32
I don't know. Do you think you've got the right person?"
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μ €λŠ” λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ œκ°€ λ§žλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄λΌκ³  μƒκ°ν•˜λ‚˜μš”?'
20:35
They said, "Yes."
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그듀은 '예'라고 λŒ€λ‹΅ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:36
It got me thinking about why it is that you fall in love
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μ™œ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ•„λ‹Œ κ·Έ ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒκ³Ό μ‚¬λž‘μ— λΉ μ§€κ²Œ λ˜λŠ” μ΄μœ μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ μƒκ°ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:39
with one person rather than another.
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20:41
That's my current project; it will be my next book.
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이것이 제 ν˜„μž¬ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ΄λ©° 제 λ‹€μŒ μ±… μ£Όμ œκ°€ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:45
There's all kinds of reasons
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μ™œ λ‹€λ₯Έ 이가 μ•„λ‹Œ κ·Έ ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒκ³Ό μ‚¬λž‘μ— λΉ μ§€λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬κ°€μ§€ μ΄μœ κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:46
that you fall in love with one person rather than another.
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20:49
Timing is important. Proximity is important.
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타이밍이 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ°€κΉŒμ›€μ΄ μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:52
Mystery is important.
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신비성이 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•½κ°„ μ‹ λΉ„ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒκ³Ό μ‚¬λž‘μ— λΉ μ§€λŠ” 뢀뢄적인 μ΄μœ λŠ”
20:54
You fall in love with somebody who's somewhat mysterious,
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신비성이 λ‡Œμ˜ λ„λ§ˆν•€μ„ μ¦κ°€μ‹œν‚€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:57
in part because mystery elevates dopamine in the brain,
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20:59
probably pushes you over that threshold to fall in love.
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μ•„λ§ˆ μ‚¬λž‘μ— λΉ μ§€κ²Œ λ˜λŠ” ν•œκ³„λ₯Ό λ„˜κ²Œ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:02
You fall in love with somebody
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μ œκ°€ 'love map'이라고 λΆ€λ₯΄λŠ”, 쑰건에 λ§žλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒκ³Ό μ‚¬λž‘μ— λΉ μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:04
who fits within what I call your "love map,"
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21:06
an unconscious list of traits
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μžλΌλ©΄μ„œ λ¬΄μ˜μ‹μ μœΌλ‘œ 지은 νŠΉμ§•λ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:08
that you build in childhood as you grow up.
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21:10
And I also think that you gravitate to certain people,
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그리고 μ €λŠ” νŠΉμ •ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€, 보완적인 λ‡Œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ 가진
μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ λŒλ¦°λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:13
actually, with somewhat complementary brain systems.
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21:17
And that's what I'm now contributing to this.
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μ œκ°€ κΈ°μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” 것이 이 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:19
But I want to tell you a story, to illustrate.
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μ‚¬λž‘μ˜ 생물학에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ§ν–ˆλ˜ 것을 λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ”
21:23
I've been carrying on here about the biology of love.
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이야기 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό λ§ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:26
I wanted to show you a little bit about the culture of it, too,
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그리고, μ‚¬λž‘μ˜ 문화에 λŒ€ν•΄, λ§ˆλ²•μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλ„
21:30
the magic of it.
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쑰금 보여주고 μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:33
It's a story that was told to me
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ν•΄λ‹Ή μΈλ¬Όμ—κ²Œμ„œ 듀은 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ €μ—κ²Œ μ–˜κΈ°ν•΄ μ€€ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:36
by somebody who had heard it just from one --
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21:38
probably a true story.
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μ•„λ§ˆ 싀화일 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
ν•œ λŒ€ν•™μ›μƒμ˜ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ €λŠ” 제 두 λ™λ£ŒλŠ” Rutgers에 있고,
21:41
It was a graduate student -- I'm at Rutgers and my two colleagues --
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21:45
Art Aron is at SUNY Stony Brook.
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Art Aaron은 SUNY Stonybrook에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:47
That's where we put our people in the MRI machine.
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κ±°κΈ°μ—μ„œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 자기 곡λͺ… μ˜μƒ 기계에 λ„£μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:50
And this graduate student was madly in love with another graduate student,
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이 λŒ€ν•™μ›μƒμ€ λ‹€λ₯Έ λŒ€ν•™μ›μƒκ³Ό λ―ΈμΉœλ“―μ΄ μ‚¬λž‘μ— λΉ μ Έ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:54
and she was not in love with him.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έλ…€λŠ” κ·Έλ₯Ό μ‚¬λž‘ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:58
And they were all at a conference in Beijing.
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그듀은 λ² μ΄μ§•μ˜ μ»¨νΌλŸ°μŠ€μ— μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
그리고 κ·ΈλŠ” μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ™”λ“―μ΄, λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ™€ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 것을 μ ‘ν•˜λ©΄
22:01
And he knew from our work
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22:04
that if you go and do something very novel with somebody,
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22:08
you can drive up the dopamine in the brain,
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λ‡Œμ˜ λ„νŒŒλ―Όμ΄ μ¦κ°€ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:11
and perhaps trigger this brain system for romantic love.
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그리고 λ‘œλ§¨ν‹± μ‚¬λž‘μ„ μœ„ν•œ λ‡Œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ μžκ·Ήν•  지도 λͺ¨λ₯΄μ£ . (μ›ƒμŒ)
22:14
(Laughter)
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·ΈλŠ” 과학을 μ‹€ν—˜ν•΄ 보기둜 κ²°μ •ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:16
So he decided he'd put science to work.
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그리고 μ—¬μžν•œν…Œ 같이 인λ ₯κ±°λ₯Ό νƒ€λŸ¬ κ°€μžκ³  μ΄ˆλŒ€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:21
And he invited this girl to go off on a rickshaw ride with him.
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22:25
And sure enough -- I've never been in one,
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μ €λŠ” ν•œ λ²ˆλ„ 타 λ³Έ 적이 μ—†μ§€λ§Œ
22:27
but apparently they go all around the buses and the trucks
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λ²„μŠ€μ™€ νŠΈλŸ­λ“€μ„ λŒμ•„λ‹€λ‹ˆλ©°,
22:30
and it's crazy and it's noisy and it's exciting.
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μ‚°λ§Œν•˜κ³ , μ‹œλ„λŸ½κ³  ν₯λΆ„μ‹œν‚€κ²Œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:33
He figured that this would drive up the dopamine,
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κ·ΈλŠ” 이 게 λ„νŒŒλ―Όμ„ μ¦κ°€μ‹œν‚€κ³ 
22:35
and she'd fall in love with him.
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ 그와 μ‚¬λž‘μ— 빠질 거라고 μΆ”μΈ‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:37
So off they go and she's squealing and squeezing him
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 탔을 λ•Œ κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ†Œλ¦¬ 지λ₯΄κ³ , κ·Έλ₯Ό 꽉 μ₯κ³ ,
웃고 쒋은 μ‹œκ°„μ„ λ³΄λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:42
and laughing and having a wonderful time.
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22:44
An hour later they get down off of the rickshaw,
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ν•œ μ‹œκ°„ ν›„ 인λ ₯κ±°μ—μ„œ 내릴 λ•Œ,
22:48
and she throws her hands up and she says,
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 손을 올리며 'λ„ˆλ¬΄λ‚˜λ„ 멋지지 μ•Šμ•˜λ‹ˆ?'라고 λ§ν•˜λ©°,
22:52
"Wasn't that wonderful?"
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22:54
And, "Wasn't that rickshaw driver handsome!"
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'κ·Έ 인λ ₯κ±° μš΄μ „μ‚¬ λ„ˆλ¬΄λ‚˜λ„ μž˜μƒκΈ°μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹ˆ!'라고 λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
22:57
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ) (λ°•μˆ˜)
23:00
(Applause)
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23:07
There's magic to love!
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μ‚¬λž‘μ—λŠ” λ§ˆλ²•μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€!
23:08
(Applause)
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23:09
But I will end by saying that millions of years ago,
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결둠적으둜, λͺ‡ λ°±λ§Œλ…„μ „ 3개의 κΈ°λ³Έ μš•κ΅¬κ°€ μ§„ν™”ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€:
23:13
we evolved three basic drives:
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23:15
the sex drive, romantic love
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μ„±μš•, λ‘œλ§¨ν‹± μ‚¬λž‘κ³Ό μž₯κΈ°κ°„ 짝에 λŒ€ν•œ μ• μ°©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
23:18
and attachment to a long-term partner.
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이 νšŒλ‘œλ“€μ€ 인간 λ‡Œμ˜ κΉŠμˆ™νžˆ λ¬»ν˜€μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
23:20
These circuits are deeply embedded in the human brain.
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23:24
They're going to survive as long as our species survives
446
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우리 쒅이 생쑴할 λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€, μ„Έμ΅μŠ€ν”Όμ–΄κ°€ '이 ν•„λ©Έμ˜ 고리'라고 λΆ€λ₯΄λŠ” 것을,
23:28
on what Shakespeare called "this mortal coil."
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그것듀도 생쑴할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
23:31
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. (λ°•μˆ˜)
23:32
Chris Anderson: Helen Fisher!
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23:33
(Applause)
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이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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