Alex Laskey: How behavioral science can lower your energy bill

129,567 views ใƒป 2013-06-04

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Gichung Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Soo-min Chung
00:12
How many of you have checked your email today?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค ์ค‘ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹  ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๋ช‡ ๋ถ„์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณ„์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
00:15
Come on, raise your hands.
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์† ์ข€ ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
00:17
How many of you are checking it right now?
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์ง€๊ธˆ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๋Š” ๋ถ„์€ ๋ช‡ ๋ถ„์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณ„์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
00:19
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:20
And how about finances? Anybody check that today?
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๊ธˆ์œต ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€์š”? ์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹  ๋ถ„ ๊ณ„์„ธ์š”?
00:23
Credit card, investment account?
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์‹ ์šฉ ์นด๋“œ, ํˆฌ์ž ๊ณ„์ขŒ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹  ๋ถ„?
00:25
How about this week?
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ์ค‘์— ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹  ๋ถ„๋“ค์€์š”?
00:29
Now, how about your household energy use?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค ์ง‘์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ ํ™•์ธํ•ด๋ณด์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
00:32
Anybody check that today?
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด์‹  ๋ถ„ ๊ณ„์„ธ์š”?
00:34
This week? Last week?
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋Š”์š”? ์ง€๋‚œ ์ฃผ๋Š”์š”?
00:38
A few energy geeks spread out across the room.
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์ด ๋ฐฉ ์•ˆ์— ๊ตฐ๋ฐ๊ตฐ๋ฐ ๋ช‡ ๋ช…์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ดด์งœ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๊ธด ํ•˜๊ตฐ์š”.
00:41
It's good to see you guys.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ€์›Œ์š”.
00:44
But the rest of us -- this is a room filled with people
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์™ธ์— ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ถ„๋“ค, ์ด ๋ฐฉ์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
00:47
who are passionate about the future of this planet,
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์—ด์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฝ‰ ์ฐจ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
00:50
and even we aren't paying attention
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์กฐ์ฐจ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š”
00:52
to the energy use that's driving climate change.
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
00:55
The woman in the photo with me is Harriet.
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„ ์†์— ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ถ„์€ ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์—‡(Harriet)์ธ๋ฐ
00:58
We met her on our first family vacation.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฒซ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์—ฌํ–‰์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์ฃ .
01:00
Harriet's paying attention to her energy use,
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ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์—‡์€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:03
and she is decidedly not an energy geek.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ดด์งœ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
01:05
This is the story of how Harriet came to pay attention.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์—‡์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
This is coal,
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์ด๊ฑด ์„ํƒ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
01:13
the most common source of electricity on the planet,
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ•œ ์ „๋ ฅ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์›์ด์ฃ .
01:16
and there's enough energy in this coal
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์ด ์„ํƒ„ ์•ˆ์—๋Š”
01:19
to light this bulb for more than a year.
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์ „๊ตฌ๋ฅผ 1๋…„ ์ด์ƒ ๋ฐํžˆ๊ธฐ์— ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
But unfortunately, between here and here,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ํƒ„๊ณผ ์ „๊ตฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ
01:25
most of that energy is lost to things
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€
01:27
like transmission leakage and heat.
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์ „์†ก ์ค‘ ๋ˆ„์ถœ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์—ด์— ์˜ํ•ด ์†์‹ค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
In fact, only 10 percent ends up as light.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ, ์ด ์ค‘ 10% ๋งŒ์ด ๋ถˆ์„ ๋ฐํžˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด์šฉ๋˜์ฃ .
01:33
So this coal will last a little bit more than a month.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์„ํƒ„์€ ํ•œ๋‹ฌ ๋‚จ์ง“๋ฐ–์— ๋‚จ์•„๋‚˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
If you wanted to light this bulb for a year,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด ์ „๊ตฌ๋ฅผ 1๋…„๋™์•ˆ ๋ฐํžˆ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
01:40
you'd need this much coal.
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์ด๋งŒํผ์˜ ์„ํƒ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์‹ค ๊บผ์—์š”.
01:45
The bad news here is that, for every unit of energy we use,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‚˜์œ ์†Œ์‹์€, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์–‘๋งˆ๋‹ค
01:48
we waste nine.
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๊ทธ 9๋ฐฐ์˜ ์–‘์„ ํ—ˆ๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
That means there's good news,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€์†Œ์‹์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋ฐ์š”,
01:52
because for every unit of energy we save,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์•„๋‚„ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
01:54
we save the other nine.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ 9๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ์•„๋ผ๋Š” ์…ˆ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
01:58
So the question is, how can we get the people in this room
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด ๋ฐฉ์— ๊ณ„์‹  ๋ถ„๋“ค,
02:03
and across the globe to start paying attention
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๋˜ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”
02:06
to the energy we're using,
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ,
02:08
and start wasting less of it?
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๋œ ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š๋ƒ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ ?
02:11
The answer comes from a behavioral science experiment
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์ •๋‹ต์€ ํ–‰๋™ ๊ณผํ•™ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
02:13
that was run one hot summer, 10 years ago,
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์ด๋Š” 10๋…„ ์ „, ์–ด๋Š ๋”์šด ์—ฌ๋ฆ„๋‚ ,
02:17
and only 90 miles from here,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ 90๋งˆ์ผ ๋ฐ–์— ๋–จ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€
02:19
in San Marcos, California.
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์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์‚ฐ๋งˆ๋ฅด์ฝ”์Šค(San Marcos)์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
Graduate students put signs on every door in a neighborhood,
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๋Œ€ํ•™์›์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ด์›ƒ์ง‘ ๋ฌธ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ž‘์€ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
02:25
asking people to turn off their air conditioning
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์—์–ด์ปจ์„ ๋„๊ณ 
02:28
and turn on their fans.
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์„ ํ’ํ‚ค๋ฅผ ํ‚ค๋„๋ก ๊ถŒ์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
One quarter of the homes received a message that said,
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์ด ์ค‘ 4๋ถ„์˜ 1์˜ ๊ฐ€์ •์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.:
02:32
did you know you could save 54 dollars a month this summer?
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ 54๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
02:34
Turn off your air conditioning, turn on your fans.
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์—์–ด์ปจ์„ ๋„๊ณ , ์„ ํ’๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ผœ์„ธ์š”.
02:36
Another group got an environmental message.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€์ •๋“ค์—๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์ธ ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:38
And still a third group got a message about
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€
02:40
being good citizens, preventing blackouts.
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์ข‹์€ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ์ •์ „ ๋ฐฉ์ง€์— ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์–ด์š”.
02:43
Most people guessed that money-saving message would work best of all.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋น„์šฉ ์ ˆ์•ฝ ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:47
In fact, none of these messages worked.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š”, ์ด ์ค‘ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€๋„ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
02:49
They had zero impact on energy consumption.
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„์— ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:52
It was as if the grad students hadn't shown up at all.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™์›์ƒ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์•˜์–ด์š”.
02:56
But there was a fourth message,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 4๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:58
and this message simply said,
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์ด ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ ,
03:00
"When surveyed, 77 percent of your neighbors
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"์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋‹น์‹  ์ด์›ƒ์˜ 77ํผ์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€
03:04
said that they turned off their air conditioning and turned on their fans.
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์—์–ด์ปจ์„ ๋„๊ณ  ์„ ํ’๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ผ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
Please join them. Turn off your air conditioning
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๊ทธ๋“ค์— ๋™์ฐธํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์—์–ด์ปจ์„ ๋„๊ณ 
03:08
and turn on your fans."
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์„ ํ’๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ผœ์„ธ์š”."
03:10
And wouldn't you know it, they did.
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์„ค๋งˆ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
The people who received this message
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์ด ๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
03:14
showed a marked decrease in energy consumption
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ๊ฐ์†Œ์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:17
simply by being told what their neighbors were doing.
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๊ทธ์ € ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์›ƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒƒ ๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
So what does this tell us?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ตํ›ˆ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
03:22
Well, if something is inconvenient,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•จ์„ ๋ผ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด,
03:24
even if we believe in it,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ณ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ• ์ง€๋ผ๋„
03:26
moral suasion, financial incentives, don't do much to move us --
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๋„๋•์  ์„ค๋“, ๊ธˆ์ „์  ์ด๋“ ๋“ฑ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—์š”.
03:30
but social pressure, that's powerful stuff.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์••๋ ฅ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
And harnessed correctly, it can be a powerful force for good.
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์ž˜๋งŒ ์ด์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด๋Š” ์„ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋™๋ ฅ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
In fact, it already is.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ .
03:39
Inspired by this insight, my friend Dan Yates and I
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์ด์— ์˜๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„์„œ, ์ œ ์นœ๊ตฌ ๋Œ„ ์˜ˆ์ด์ธ (Dan Yates)์™€ ์ €๋Š”
03:42
started a company called Opower.
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์˜คํŒŒ์›Œ(OPower)๋ผ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
We built software and partnered with utility companies
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค๊ณผ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ
03:47
who wanted to help their customers save energy.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋•๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
We deliver personalized home energy reports
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ ๊ฐ€์ •๋ณ„๋กœ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์†กํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ
03:53
that show people how their consumption
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์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์†Œ๋น„๊ฐ€
03:54
compares to their neighbors in similar-sized homes.
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๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์ด์›ƒ์ง‘๋“ค์— ๋น„ํ•ด์„œ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์ธ์ง€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
Just like those effective door hangers,
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ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋˜ ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์ „๋‹จ๊ณผ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:59
we have people comparing themselves to their neighbors,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์›ƒ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ 
04:02
and then we give everyone targeted recommendations
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๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์„ ๋ณ„์ ์ธ ์ถ”์ฒœ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
to help them save.
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:06
We started with paper, we moved to a mobile application,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ด๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์„œ. ํ•ธ๋“œํฐ ์•ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ๊ฐ”๊ณ ,
04:08
web, and now even a controllable thermostat,
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ์ œ์–ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์˜จ๋„์กฐ์ ˆ ์žฅ์น˜๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
and for the last five years we've been running
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๋‚œ 5๋…„๊ฐ„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
04:13
the largest behavioral science experiment in the world.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ํ–‰๋™ ๊ณผํ•™ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
And it's working.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
Ordinary homeowners and renters have saved
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ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์ฃผํƒ ์ฃผ์ธ์ด๋‚˜ ์ „์„ธ๋กœ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
04:21
more than 250 million dollars on their energy bills,
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์š”๊ธˆ์—์„œ 2์–ต5์ฒœ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ด์ƒ์„ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•ด์™”๋Š”๋ฐ,
04:25
and we're just getting started.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
This year alone, in partnership with more than 80 utilities
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์˜ฌํ•ด๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„, 6๊ฐœ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜
04:29
in six countries, we're going to generate
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80์—ฌ๊ฐœ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค๊ณผ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•ด์„œ
04:32
another two terawatt hours of electricity savings.
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2์กฐ ์™€ํŠธ์‹œ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์„ ๋” ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
Now, the energy geeks in the room know two terawatt hours,
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์ด ๋ฐฉ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ดด์งœ๋“ค์€ 2 ์กฐ์™€ํŠธ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
04:37
but for the rest of us, two terawatt hours
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, 2 ์กฐ์™€ํŠธ์‹œ๋Š”
04:39
is more than enough energy to power every home
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์„ธ์ธํŠธ๋ฃจ์ด์Šค(St.Louis)์™€ ์†”ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ์‹œํ‹ฐ(Salt Lake City)์— ์žˆ๋Š”
04:42
in St. Louis and Salt Lake City combined
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ€์ •์— 1๋…„ ๋„˜๊ฒŒ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ ๋„ ๋‚จ๋Š” ์–‘์˜
04:45
for more than a year.
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
Two terawatt hours, it's roughly half
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2 ์กฐ์™€ํŠธ์‹œ๋Š”, ๋Œ€๋žต
04:49
what the U.S. solar industry produced last year.
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์ง€๋‚œํ•ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ์‚ฐ์—…์ด ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•œ ์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
And two terawatt hours? In terms of coal,
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2 ์กฐ์™€ํŠธ์‹œ๋Š”, ๋˜, ์„ํƒ„์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์ž๋ฉด,
04:55
we'd need to burn 34 of these wheelbarrows
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์†์ˆ˜๋ ˆ๋“ค 34๊ฐœ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ
04:58
every minute around the clock every day for an entire year
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๋ฐค๋‚ฎ์œผ๋กœ 1๋ถ„๋งˆ๋‹ค 1๋…„๋‚ด๋‚ด ํƒœ์›Œ์•ผ
05:02
to get two terawatt hours of electricity.
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์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „๋ ฅ์˜ ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
And we're not burning anything.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ํƒœ์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
We're just motivating people to pay attention
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ์ € ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜๊ณ 
05:07
and change their behavior.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋„๋ก ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•  ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
But we're just one company, and this is just
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๊ณ , ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ์ €
05:13
scratching the surface.
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๊ฒ‰๋งŒ ํ•ฅ๋Š” ์ •๋„์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
Twenty percent of the electricity in homes is wasted,
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๊ฐ€์ •์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ 20%๊ฐ€ ๋‚ญ๋น„๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
and when I say wasted, I don't mean that people have
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ญ๋น„๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
05:20
inefficient lightbulbs. They may.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋น„ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์ „๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
05:24
I mean we leave the lights on in empty rooms,
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์ œ ๋ง์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋นˆ ๋ฐฉ์— ๋ถˆ์„ ์ผœ๋†“๊ณ ,
05:27
and we leave the air conditioning on when nobody's home.
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์ง‘์— ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์—†์„ ๋•Œ ์—์–ด์ปจ์„ ์ผœ๋†“๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
That's 40 billion dollars a year wasted
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์ผ๋…„์— 4๋ฐฑ์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ญ๋น„๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ
05:33
on electricity that does not contribute to our well-being
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์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์›ฐ๋น™์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
05:36
but does contribute to climate change.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์—๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
05:39
That's 40 billion -- with a B --
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4๋ฐฑ์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ -4์ฒœ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ตฌ์š”-
05:41
every year in the U.S. alone.
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๋งค๋…„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋งŒ ๋ฒ„๋ ค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
That's half our coal usage right there.
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์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์„ํƒ„์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
Now thankfully, some of the world's best material scientists
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์ตœ๊ทผ ๋‹คํ–‰์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ๋„, ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด
05:50
are looking to replace coal with sustainable resources
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์„ํƒ„์„ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ž์›์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
like these,
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๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
05:54
and this is both fantastic and essential.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ด๊ณ ๋„ ํ•„์ˆ˜๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๊ฒฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
But the most overlooked resource to get us
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ„๊ณผ๋œ ์ž์›๋“ค ์ค‘ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ
06:00
to a sustainable energy future, it isn't on this slide.
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์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์„ ์„œํ•  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€, ์ด ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ์— ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
It's in this room. It's you, and it's me.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด ๋ฐฉ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด๊ณ , ๋˜ ์ €์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
And we can harness this resource
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์ž์›์„ ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์žฌ๋ฃŒ ๊ณผํ•™์—†์ด๋„
06:11
with no new material science
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์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
simply by applying behavioral science.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํ–‰๋™ ๊ณผํ•™์„ ์ ์šฉํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:16
We can do it today, we know it works,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ตฌ์š”,
06:18
and it will save us money right away.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œํ–‰ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ๋ˆ์ด ์ ˆ์•ฝ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
So what are we waiting for?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ ?
06:24
Well, in most places, utility regulation
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ทœ์ œ๊ฐ€
06:27
hasn't changed much since Thomas Edison.
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ํ† ๋งˆ์Šค ์—๋””์Šจ ์‹œ์ ˆ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
Utilities are still rewarded when their customers
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์—…์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ
06:34
waste energy.
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๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
They ought to be rewarded for helping their customers save it.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์ด ์ ˆ์•ฝ์„ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋„์šธ ๋•Œ ๋ณด์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
But this story is much more than about household energy use.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ •์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๊ตญํ•œ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
Take a look at the Prius.
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ํ”„๋ฆฌ์šฐ์Šค์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:45
It's efficient not only because Toyota invested in material science
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๋„์š”ํƒ€(Toyota)๊ฐ€ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ ๊ณผํ•™์— ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
06:48
but because they invested in behavioral science.
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ํ–‰๋™ ๊ณผํ•™์—๋„ ํˆฌ์žํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
The dashboard that shows drivers how much energy
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์šด์ „์ž๋“ค์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ
06:53
they're saving in real time
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์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ณ„๊ธฐํŒ์€
06:55
makes former speed demons
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๊ธฐ์กด ์Šคํ”ผ๋“œ ๋งค๋‹ˆ์•„๋“ค์ด
06:56
drive more like cautious grandmothers.
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์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
Which brings us back to Harriet.
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์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์—‡ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
We met her on our first family vacation.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ์ฒซ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์—ฌํ–‰์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์ฃ .
07:04
She came over to meet my young daughter,
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๊ทธ๋ถ„์ด ์ œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ๋”ธ์„ ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ์˜ค์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ
07:06
and she was tickled to learn that my daughter's name
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์ œ ๋”ธ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„ ๋˜ํ•œ ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์—‡์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
07:08
is also Harriet.
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์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์–ด ํ•˜์…จ์–ด์š”.
07:10
She asked me what I did for a living,
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ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์—‡์€ ์ œ ์ง์—…์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์œผ์…จ๊ณ ,
07:11
and I told her, I work with utilities
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ณผ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ
07:13
to help people save energy.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋•๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
It was then that her eyes lit up.
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ˆˆ๋น›์ด ๋ฐ˜์ง์˜€์ฃ .
07:17
She looked at me, and she said,
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹œ๋”๋‹ˆ, ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ,
07:19
"You're exactly the person I need to talk to.
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"๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋ถ„์ด์‹œ๊ตฐ์š”.
07:21
You see, two weeks ago, my husband and I got a letter
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2์ฃผ ์ „์—, ์ œ ๋‚จํŽธ๊ณผ ์ €๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
07:23
in the mail from our utility.
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ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•œ ํ†ต ๋ฐ›์•˜์–ด์š”.
07:26
It told us we were using twice as much energy as our neighbors."
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์›ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์— ๋น„ํ•ด 2๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”."
07:29
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:32
"And for the last two weeks, all we can think about,
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"๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๋‚œ 2์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ ,
07:35
talk about, and even argue about,
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๋งํ•˜๊ณ , ๋…ผ์Ÿํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€,
07:37
is what we should be doing to save energy.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผํ• ๊นŒ ๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
07:39
We did everything that letter told us to do,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ํŽธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‹ค ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”
07:42
and still I know there must be more.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ €๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋” ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์š”.
07:45
Now I'm here with a genuine expert.
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์ด์ œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง„์งœ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ต™๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ
07:47
Tell me. What should I do to save energy?"
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๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ ?"
07:51
There are many experts who can help answer Harriet's question.
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ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์—‡์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
My goal is to make sure
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์ œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š”
07:57
we are all asking it.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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