Maria Bezaitis: The surprising need for strangeness

125,650 views ใƒป 2013-05-14

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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ืžืชืจื’ื: Ido Dekkers ืžื‘ืงืจ: Zeeva Livshitz
00:12
"Don't talk to strangers."
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"ืืœ ืชื“ื‘ืจื• ืขื ื–ืจื™ื."
00:16
You have heard that phrase uttered
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ืฉืžืขืชื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื–ื” ืžืคื™
00:18
by your friends, family, schools and the media for decades.
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ื—ื‘ืจื™ื›ื, ื”ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื•ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื.
00:22
It's a norm. It's a social norm.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื ื•ืจืžื”. ื–ื• ื”ื ื•ืจืžื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช.
00:25
But it's a special kind of social norm,
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœ ื ื•ืจืžื”,
00:27
because it's a social norm that wants to tell us
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื–ื• ื ื•ืจืžื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœื ื•
00:30
who we can relate to and who we shouldn't relate to.
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ืœืžื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ื•ืœืžื™ ืœื.
00:34
"Don't talk to strangers" says,
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"ืืœ ืชื“ื‘ืจื• ืขื ื–ืจื™ื" ืื•ืžืจ,
00:37
"Stay from anyone who's not familiar to you.
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"ื”ืชืจื—ืงื• ืžื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืฉืœื ืžื•ื›ืจ ืœื›ื.
00:41
Stick with the people you know.
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ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืืชื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื.
00:43
Stick with people like you."
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ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื•ื›ื."
00:46
How appealing is that?
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ื›ืžื” ื–ื” ืžื•ืฉืš?
00:49
It's not really what we do, is it, when we're at our best?
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ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื ื•?
00:52
When we're at our best, we reach out to people
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื™ื’ืฉื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื
00:55
who are not like us,
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ืฉืื™ื ื ื›ืžื•ื ื•,
00:56
because when we do that, we learn from people
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื›ืฉืื ื—ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžืื ืฉื™ื
00:59
who are not like us.
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ืฉืื™ื ื ื›ืžื•ื ื•.
01:01
My phrase for this value of being with "not like us"
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ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉืœื™ ืœืขืจืš ืฉืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืžื™ "ืฉืื™ื ื ื›ืžื•ื ื•"
01:06
is "strangeness,"
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ื”ื•ื "ื–ืจื•ืช,"
01:07
and my point is that in today's digitally intensive world,
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ื•ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ื ืกื™ื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื,
01:11
strangers are quite frankly not the point.
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ื–ืจื™ื ื”ื ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
01:15
The point that we should be worried about is,
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ืžื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื“ืื™ื’ ืื•ืชื ื• ื–ื”,
01:17
how much strangeness are we getting?
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ื›ืžื” ื–ืจื•ืช ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื?
01:20
Why strangeness? Because our social relations
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ืœืžื” ื–ืจื•ืช? ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
01:23
are increasingly mediated by data,
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ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื“ืจืš ืžื™ื“ืข,
01:26
and data turns our social relations into digital relations,
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ื•ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืœื™ื—ืกื™ื ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ื,
01:30
and that means that our digital relations
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ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
01:32
now depend extraordinarily on technology
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ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”
01:36
to bring to them a sense of robustness,
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ืฉืชื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช,
01:39
a sense of discovery,
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ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™,
01:41
a sense of surprise and unpredictability.
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ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืชืขื” ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื.
01:44
Why not strangers?
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ืœืžื” ืœื ื–ืจื™ื?
01:46
Because strangers are part of a world
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื–ืจื™ื ื”ื ื—ืœืง ืžืขื•ืœื
01:48
of really rigid boundaries.
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ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืžืžืฉ ืงืฉื™ื—ื™ื.
01:50
They belong to a world of people I know
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ื”ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจ
01:53
versus people I don't know,
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ื›ื ื’ื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจ,
01:56
and in the context of my digital relations,
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ื•ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™,
01:58
I'm already doing things with people I don't know.
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ืื ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื•ืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจื”.
02:02
The question isn't whether or not I know you.
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ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ืื ืื ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจื” ืืชื›ื ืื• ืœื.
02:06
The question is, what can I do with you?
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ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื, ืžื” ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื™ืชื›ื?
02:08
What can I learn with you?
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ืžื” ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื™ืชื›ื?
02:11
What can we do together that benefits us both?
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ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื™ื—ื“ ืฉืžื•ืขื™ืœ ืœืฉื ื™ื ื•?
02:15
I spend a lot of time thinking about
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ืื ื™ ืžื‘ืœื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืขืœ
02:17
how the social landscape is changing,
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ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื ื•ืคื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืžืฉืชื ื™ื,
02:20
how new technologies create new constraints
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ืื™ืš ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช
02:23
and new opportunities for people.
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ื•ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื.
02:25
The most important changes facing us today
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ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื
02:28
have to do with data and what data is doing
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ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื•ืœืžื” ืฉืžื™ื“ืข ืขื•ืฉื”
02:31
to shape the kinds of digital relations
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื‘ ืืช ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ื
02:33
that will be possible for us in the future.
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ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืืคืฉืจื™ื™ื ืœื ื• ื‘ืขืชื™ื“.
02:35
The economies of the future depend on that.
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ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื–ื”.
02:38
Our social lives in the future depend on that.
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ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื–ื”.
02:41
The threat to worry about isn't strangers.
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ื”ืื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืžืžื ื• ื”ื•ื ืœื ื–ืจื™ื.
02:44
The threat to worry about is whether or not
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ื”ืื™ื•ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืžืžื ื• ื”ื•ื ืื
02:46
we're getting our fair share of strangeness.
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ืื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื—ืœืงื ื• ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจื•ืช.
02:49
Now, 20th-century psychologists and sociologists
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ื•ืกื•ืฆื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื” ื”20
02:51
were thinking about strangers,
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ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื–ืจื™ื,
02:53
but they weren't thinking so dynamically about human relations,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื“ื™ื ืžื™ ืขืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืื ื•ืฉื™ื™ื,
02:56
and they were thinking about strangers
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ื•ื”ื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื–ืจื™ื
02:58
in the context of influencing practices.
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ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉืคืขื”.
03:00
Stanley Milgram from the '60s and '70s,
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ืกื˜ื ืœื™ ืžื™ืœื’ืจื ืžืฉื ื•ืช ื”60 ื•ื” 70,
03:03
the creator of the small-world experiments,
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ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœ ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื˜ืŸ,
03:05
which became later popularized as six degrees of separation,
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ืฉื”ืคืš ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ ื›ืฉืฉ ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื”ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื”,
03:08
made the point that any two arbitrarily selected people
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ื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื›ืœ ืฉื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื ืืงืจืื™ืช
03:12
were likely connected from between five to seven intermediary steps.
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ื”ื™ื• ื›ื ืจืื” ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื“ืจืš ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขื“ ืฉื‘ืขื” ืฆืขื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื.
03:15
His point was that strangers are out there.
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ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉื–ืจื™ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ.
03:18
We can reach them. There are paths
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื”ื. ื™ืฉ ื“ืจื›ื™ื
03:20
that enable us to reach them.
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ืฉืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื ื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื”ื.
03:23
Mark Granovetter, Stanford sociologist, in 1973
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ืžืืจืง ื’ืจื ื•ื‘ื˜ืจ, ืกื•ืฆื™ื•ืœื•ื’ ืžืกื˜ื ืคื•ืจื“, ื‘ 1973
03:26
in his seminal essay "The Strength of Weak Ties,"
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ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื• "ื”ื—ื•ื–ืง ืฉืœ ืงืฉืจื™ื ื—ืœืฉื™ื,"
03:29
made the point that these weak ties
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ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื”ื—ืœืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”
03:32
that are a part of our networks, these strangers,
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ืฉื”ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืจืฉืชื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
03:35
are actually more effective at diffusing information to us
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ื”ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืืœื™ื ื•
03:38
than are our strong ties, the people closest to us.
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ืžื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื”ื—ื–ืงื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื›ื™ ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืืœื™ื ื•.
03:42
He makes an additional indictment of our strong ties
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ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ืขื•ื“ ืื‘ื—ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื”ื—ื–ืงื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
03:46
when he says that these people who are so close to us,
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฉื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืืœื™ื ื•,
03:48
these strong ties in our lives,
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ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื”ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
03:50
actually have a homogenizing effect on us.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืืคืงื˜ ื”ื•ืžื•ื’ื ื™ ืขืœื™ื ื•.
03:54
They produce sameness.
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ื”ื ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ื—ื“ื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืช.
03:56
My colleagues and I at Intel have spent the last few years
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ื”ืงื•ืœื’ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืœ ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช
03:59
looking at the ways in which digital platforms
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ื‘ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืื—ืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช
04:02
are reshaping our everyday lives,
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ืžืขืฆื‘ื•ืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
04:04
what kinds of new routines are possible.
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ืื™ืœื• ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช.
04:06
We've been looking specifically at the kinds
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ื”ื‘ื˜ื ื• ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื
04:08
of digital platforms that have enabled us
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ืฉืœ ืคืœืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืืคืฉืจื• ืœื ื•
04:10
to take our possessions, those things that used to be
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ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื•
04:14
very restricted to us and to our friends in our houses,
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ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ืœื ื• ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื• ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื ื•,
04:17
and to make them available to people we don't know.
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ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืชื ื–ืžื™ื ื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื.
04:20
Whether it's our clothes, whether it's our cars,
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืืœื” ื”ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืืœื” ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
04:23
whether it's our bikes, whether it's our books or music,
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืืœื” ื”ืื•ืคื ื•ืขื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืืœื” ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืื• ื”ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ืฉืœื ื•,
04:26
we are able to take our possessions now
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื•
04:29
and make them available to people we've never met.
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ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืชื ื–ืžื™ื ื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืคื’ืฉื ื•.
04:32
And we concluded a very important insight,
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ื•ื”ืกืงื ื• ืžืกืงื ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”,
04:35
which was that as people's relationships
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ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืฉื›ืฉื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื
04:37
to the things in their lives change,
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ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืžืฉืชื ื™ื,
04:39
so do their relations with other people.
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ื›ืš ื’ื ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
04:43
And yet recommendation system
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ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืช-ื”ืžืœืฆื”
04:44
after recommendation system continues to miss the boat.
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ืื—ืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช-ื”ืžืœืฆื” ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœืคืกืคืก.
04:49
It continues to try to predict what I need
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ื”ื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื—ื–ื•ืช ืžื” ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš
04:51
based on some past characterization of who I am,
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ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืืคื™ื•ื ื™ื ืื—ื“ื™ื ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืื ื™,
04:54
of what I've already done.
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ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืขืฉื™ืชื™.
04:57
Security technology after security technology
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ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืื‘ื˜ื—ื”
04:59
continues to design data protection
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ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืžื™ื“ืข
05:01
in terms of threats and attacks,
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ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื™ื•ืžื™ื ื•ื”ืชืงืคื•ืช,
05:04
keeping me locked into really rigid kinds of relations.
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ืฉืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœื™ ืชืงื•ืข ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืžืžืฉ ืงืฉื™ื—ื™ื.
05:07
Categories like "friends" and "family"
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ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• "ื—ื‘ืจื™ื" ื•"ืžืฉืคื—ื”"
05:10
and "contacts" and "colleagues"
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ื•"ืื ืฉื™ ืงืฉืจ" ื•"ืงื•ืœื’ื•ืช"
05:12
don't tell me anything about my actual relations.
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ืœื ืื•ืžืจื•ืช ืœื™ ื›ืœื•ื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™.
05:16
A more effective way to think about my relations
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ื“ืจืš ื™ืขื™ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœื™
05:18
might be in terms of closeness and distance,
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ืื•ืœื™ ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืงื™ืจื‘ื” ืื• ืžืจื—ืง,
05:21
where at any given point in time, with any single person,
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ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื ืชื•ื ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ, ืขื ื›ืœ ืื“ื ื™ื—ื™ื“,
05:25
I am both close and distant from that individual,
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ืื ื™ ื’ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ื•ื’ื ืžืจื•ื—ืงืช ืžื”ืื“ื ื”ื–ื”,
05:28
all as a function of what I need to do right now.
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ื”ื›ืœ ื›ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
05:33
People aren't close or distant.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืื™ื ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืื• ืžืจื•ื—ืงื™ื.
05:35
People are always a combination of the two,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื,
05:38
and that combination is constantly changing.
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ื•ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืžืฉืชื ื” ืชืžื™ื“.
05:42
What if technologies could intervene
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ืžื” ืื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืชืขืจื‘
05:45
to disrupt the balance of certain kinds of relationships?
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœืฉื™ื•ื•ื™ ื”ืžืฉืงืœ ืฉืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ื?
05:49
What if technologies could intervene
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ืžื” ืื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืชืขืจื‘
05:51
to help me find the person that I need right now?
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืฉืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื•?
05:55
Strangeness is that calibration
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ื–ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืงืœื™ื‘ืจืฆื™ื” ื”ื–ื•
05:57
of closeness and distance
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ืฉืœ ืงืจื‘ื” ื•ืžืจื—ืง
06:00
that enables me to find the people that I need right now,
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ืฉืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื•,
06:04
that enables me to find the sources of intimacy,
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ืฉืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช,
06:07
of discovery, and of inspiration that I need right now.
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ืฉืœ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™, ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจืื” ืฉืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื›ืจื’ืข.
06:11
Strangeness is not about meeting strangers.
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ื–ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ ื–ืจื™ื.
06:13
It simply makes the point that we need
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ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ื”ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื
06:16
to disrupt our zones of familiarity.
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ืœืฉื‘ืฉ ืืช ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืคืžื™ืœื™ืืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
06:19
So jogging those zones of familiarity is one way to think about strangeness,
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ืื– ืœื˜ืœื˜ืœ ืืช ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืคืžื™ืœื™ืืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ืื—ืช ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื–ืจื•ืช,
06:23
and it's a problem faced not just by individuals today,
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ื•ื–ื• ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืคื ื™ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื,
06:25
but also by organizations,
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ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืื™ืจื’ื•ื ื™ื,
06:28
organizations that are trying to embrace massively new opportunities.
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ืื™ืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžื ืกื™ื ืœื—ื‘ืง ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
06:32
Whether you're a political party
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืืชื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื™ื
06:34
insisting to your detriment on a very rigid notion
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ืฉืžืชืขืงืฉื™ื ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื›ื ืขืœ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžืื•ื“ ื ื•ืงืฉื”
06:37
of who belongs and who does not,
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ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืฉื™ื™ืš ื•ืžื™ ืœื,
06:39
whether you're the government
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืืชื ื”ืžืžืฉืœ
06:41
protecting social institutions like marriage
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ืžื’ื™ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ
06:44
and restricting access of those institutions to the few,
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ื•ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืœืžืขื˜ื™ื,
06:48
whether you're a teenager in her bedroom
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืืชื ื‘ื ื™ ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœื”
06:50
who's trying to jostle her relations with her parents,
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ืฉืžื ืกื™ื ืœื“ื—ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœื” ืขื ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื”,
06:53
strangeness is a way to think about how we pave the way
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ื–ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื“ืจืš ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืกื•ืœืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš
06:56
to new kinds of relations.
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ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ื.
06:59
We have to change the norms.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช.
07:02
We have to change the norms in order to enable
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ
07:05
new kinds of technologies
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ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช
07:07
as a basis for new kinds of businesses.
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ื›ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืขืกืงื™ื.
07:10
What interesting questions lie ahead for us
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ืื™ืœื• ืฉืืœื•ืช ืžืขื ื™ื ื•ืช ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ื ื•
07:14
in this world of no strangers?
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ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ืœืœื ื–ืจื™ื?
07:16
How might we think differently about our relations with people?
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ืื™ืš ืื•ืœื™ ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืื—ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื?
07:20
How might we think differently about our relations
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ืื™ืš ืื•ืœื™ ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืื—ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
07:23
with distributed groups of people?
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ืขื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื?
07:25
How might we think differently about our relations with technologies,
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ืื™ืš ืื•ืœื™ ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืื—ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืขื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช,
07:30
things that effectively become social participants
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ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื
07:33
in their own right?
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ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืขืฆืžื?
07:35
The range of digital relations is extraordinary.
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ื”ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
07:39
In the context of this broad range of digital relations,
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ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืจื—ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ื,
07:43
safely seeking strangeness might very well be
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ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืœ ื–ืจื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืื•ืœื™
07:46
a new basis for that innovation.
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื•.
07:48
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
07:50
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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