Rob Harmon: How the market can keep streams flowing

23,780 views ใƒป 2011-03-14

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Shlomo Adam ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:18
This is a river.
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ื–ื”ื• ื ื”ืจ.
ื–ื”ื• ื ื—ืœ.
00:21
This is a stream.
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00:23
This is a river.
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ื–ื”ื• ื ื”ืจ.
ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ.
00:26
This is happening all over the country.
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00:28
There are tens of thousands of miles of dewatered streams in the United States.
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ื™ืฉ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื
ืฉืœ ื ื—ืœื™ื ืฉื”ืชื™ื™ื‘ืฉื• ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘.
00:33
On this map, the colored areas represent water conflicts.
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ื‘ืžืคื” ื”ื–ื•,
ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืฆื‘ืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื ืžืื‘ืงื™-ืžื™ื.
00:39
Similar problems are emerging in the East as well.
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ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ืžื–ืจื—.
ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”,
00:43
The reasons vary state to state, but mostly in the details.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืจืง ื‘ืคืจื˜ื™ื.
ื™ืฉ 6,000 ืง"ืž ืฉืœ ื ื—ืœื™ื ื™ื‘ืฉื™ื
00:47
There are 4,000 miles of dewatered streams in Montana alone.
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ื‘ืžื•ื ื˜ื ื” ืœื‘ื“ื”.
00:52
They would ordinarily support fish and other wildlife.
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ืคืขื ื”ื ื›ืœื›ืœื• ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื“ื’ื™ื ื•ื—ื™ื™ ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื.
00:56
They're the veins of the ecosystem,
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ื”ื ืขื•ืจืงื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช,
ื•ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขื•ืจืงื™ื ืจื™ืงื™ื.
00:59
and they're often empty veins.
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ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื•
01:03
I want to tell you the story of just one of these streams,
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ืฉืœ ื ื—ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืžื›ืœ ืืœื”
01:06
because it's an archetype for the larger story.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืืคื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
01:09
This is Prickly Pear Creek.
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ื–ื”ื• ืขืจื•ืฅ ื”ืฆื‘ืจ.
01:11
It runs through a populated area from East Helena to Lake Helena.
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ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืžืื•ื›ืœืก
ืžืื™ืกื˜ ื”ืœื ื” ื•ืขื“ ืื’ื ื”ืœื ื”.
ื”ื•ื ืžื›ืœื›ืœ ื“ื’ื™ ื‘ืจ,
01:17
It supports wild fish including cutthroat, brown and rainbow trout.
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ื›ื•ืœืœ ื›ืžื” ืกื•ื’ื™ื
ืฉืœ ื“ื’ื™ ื˜ืจื•ื˜ื”.
01:22
Nearly every year for more than a hundred years ...
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ื›ืžืขื˜ ืžื™ื“ื™ ืฉื ื”
ื‘ืžืฉืš ืžืขืœ ืžืื” ืฉื ื™ื,
ื”ื•ื ื ืจืื” ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ื›ืš.
01:28
it looked like this in the summer.
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01:30
How did we get here?
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ืื™ืš ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื”?
ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืื™-ืื– ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืžืื” ื”-18
01:33
Well, it started back in the late 1800s
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ื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืžื•ื ื˜ื ื”.
01:36
when people started settling in places like Montana.
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01:39
In short, there was a lot of water and there weren't very many people.
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ื‘ืงืฆืจื”, ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื™ื
ื•ื“ื™ ืžืขื˜ ืื ืฉื™ื.
01:44
But as more people showed up wanting water,
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ืืš ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื–ื“ืงืงื• ืœืžื™ื,
01:46
the folks who were there first got a little concerned,
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ืืœื” ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื ืขืฉื• ืžื•ื“ืื’ื™ื ืžืขื˜,
01:49
and in 1865, Montana passed its first water law.
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ื•ื‘-1865 ืžื•ื ื˜ื ื” ื—ื•ืงืงื” ืืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”.
ืฉืœืžืขืฉื” ืงื‘ืข ืฉื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื’ืจ ืœื™ื“ ื ื—ืœ
01:54
It basically said, everybody near the stream can share in the stream.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื•.
01:58
Oddly, a lot of people showed up wanting to share the stream,
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ื•ืžื” ืžื•ื–ืจ, ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืจืฆื• ื—ืœืง ื‘ื ื—ืœ,
02:01
and the folks who were there first
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ื•ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืฉื
02:03
got concerned enough to bring out their lawyers.
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ื ืขืฉื• ื›ื” ืžื•ื“ืื’ื™ื, ืฉื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ.
02:05
There were precedent-setting suits in 1870 and 1872,
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ื ืขืจื›ื• ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืชืงื“ื™ืžื™ื™ื
ื‘-1870 ื•ื‘-1872,
02:09
both involving Prickly Pear Creek.
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ืฉื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื• ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืœืขืจื•ืฅ ื”ืฆื‘ืจ.
ื•ื‘-1921,
02:12
And in 1921,
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02:13
the Montana Supreme Court ruled in a case involving Prickly Pear
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ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื•ื ื˜ื ื”
ืคืกืง ื‘ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ืขืจื•ืฅ ื”ืฆื‘ืจ
02:18
that the folks who were there first had the first, or "senior water rights."
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ืฉืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉื ืงื•ื“ื
ื™ืฉ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช, ืื• ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื•ืจื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื.
02:24
These senior water rights are key.
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ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื•ืจื” ืืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืŸ ื”ืžืคืชื—.
ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ื™ื•ื, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืขืจื‘
02:28
The problem is that all over the West now it looks like this.
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ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื›ื›ื”.
02:31
Some of these creeks have claims
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ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืขืจื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืืœื”
02:33
for 50 to 100 times more water than is actually in the stream.
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ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืกืคืง ืคื™ 50 ืื• 100 ืžื™ื
ืžืžื” ืฉื–ื•ืจื ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ.
02:38
And the senior water rights holders, if they don't use their water right,
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ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื,
ืื ืื™ื ื ืžื ืฆืœื™ื ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ื,
02:43
they risk losing their water right --
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ื”ื ืžืกืชื›ื ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ืคืกื™ื“ื• ืื•ืชื”,
ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืžืชืœื•ื•ื” ืืœื™ื”.
02:46
along with the economic value that goes with it.
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ืื– ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืฉื•ื ืชืžืจื™ืฅ ืœืฉืžืจ.
02:49
So they have no incentive to conserve.
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02:52
So it's not just about the number of people;
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ื›ืš ืฉืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืจืง ื‘ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื;
02:55
the system itself creates a disincentive to conserve
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ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขืฆืžื” ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ื”ืขื“ืจ ืชืžืจื™ืฅ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ
ื›ื™ ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื ืฆืœ ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœื• ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืคืกื™ื“ื”.
02:59
because you can lose your water right if you don't use it.
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03:03
So after decades of lawsuits and 140 years, now, of experience,
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ืื– ืื—ืจื™ ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื•ืช ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื•ืช
ื•-140 ืฉื ื•ืช ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ,
03:07
we still have this.
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื”.
ื–ื• ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืงื•ืœืงืœืช.
03:11
It's a broken system.
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03:12
There's a disincentive to conserve,
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ืงื™ื™ื ื—ื•ืกืจ ื‘ืชืžืจื™ืฅ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ,
03:14
because if you don't use your water right, you can lose your water right.
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ื›ื™ ืื ืœื ืžื ืฆืœื™ื ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื,
ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืคืกื™ื“ ืื•ืชื”.
03:18
And I'm sure you all know, this has created significant conflicts
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ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉื›ื•ืœื›ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื’ืจื ืœืžืื‘ืงื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื
03:21
between the agricultural and environmental communities.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื ื™ื•ืช.
03:25
OK, now I'm going to change gears here.
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ื•ื›ืขืช ืืขื‘ื™ืจ ื”ื™ืœื•ืš.
ืžืจื‘ื™ืชื›ื ื™ืฉืžื—ื• ืœืฉืžื•ืข
03:29
Most of you will be happy to know that the rest of the presentation's free ...
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ืฉื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื”ืจืฆืื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื.
03:32
(Laughter)
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ื•ื—ืœืงื›ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืจื”.
03:34
and some of you'll be happy to know that it involves beer.
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03:36
(Laughter)
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[ืฆื—ื•ืง]
03:39
There's another thing happening around the country,
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ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ,
ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื˜ืจื“ื•ืช
03:42
which is that companies are starting to get concerned
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ.
03:44
about their water footprint.
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03:46
They're concerned about securing an adequate supply of water,
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ื”ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืจื“ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืงื™ื,
03:49
they're trying to be really efficient with their water use,
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ื”ืŸ ืžืชื—ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืฉ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื™ื,
03:52
and they're concerned about how their water use
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ื•ื”ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืจื“ื•ืช ืžื”ืฉืืœื” ืื™ืš ืื•ืคืŸ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื
03:54
affects the image of their brand.
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ื™ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืชื“ืžื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ืฉืœื”ืŸ.
03:57
Well, it's a national problem,
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ื–ื• ื‘ืขื™ื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช,
03:59
but I'm going to tell you another story from Montana ...
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ืื‘ืœ ืืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืžืžื•ื ื˜ื ื”,
04:01
and it involves beer.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืจื”.
04:03
I bet you didn't know, it takes about 5 pints of water
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ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื ืฉื ื—ื•ืฆื™ื ื›-2.3 ืœื™ื˜ืจ ืžื™ื
04:06
to make a pint of beer.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื›ื—ืฆื™ ืœื™ื˜ืจ ื‘ื™ืจื”.
04:08
If you include all the drain,
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ืื ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื•ื‘,
04:10
it takes more than a hundred pints of water to make a pint of beer.
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ื ื—ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืขืœ 47 ืœื™ื˜ืจ ืžื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื›ื—ืฆื™ ืœื™ื˜ืจ ื‘ื™ืจื”.
ื•ื”ืžื‘ืฉืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ื ื˜ื ื”
04:14
Now the brewers in Montana
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04:15
have already done a lot to reduce their water consumption,
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ื›ื‘ืจ ืขืฉื• ื”ืจื‘ื”
ื›ื™ ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ,
04:19
but they still use millions of gallons of water.
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ืืš ื”ืŸ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื™ื˜ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ื.
04:21
I mean, there's water in beer.
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ื›ื™ ื”ืจื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื” ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื.
04:25
So what can they do about this remaining water footprint
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ืื– ืžื” ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช
ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืฉืืจ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ
04:31
that can have serious effects on the ecosystem?
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ืฉืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื—ืžื•ืจื”
ืขืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช?
04:35
These ecosystems are really important
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ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื‘ืืžืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช
04:37
to the Montana brewers and their customers.
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ืœืžื‘ืฉืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื•ื ื˜ื ื” ื•ืœืœืงื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ.
04:39
After all, there's a strong correlation between water and fishing,
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ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ, ื™ืฉ ื–ื™ืงื” ื—ื–ืงื”
ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื ืœื“ื™ื’.
04:43
and for some, there's a strong correlation between fishing and beer.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื” ืฉืืฆืœื ื™ืฉ ื–ื™ืงื” ื—ื–ืงื”
ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื’ ืœื‘ื™ืจื”.
04:47
(Laughter)
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[ืฆื—ื•ืง]
04:49
So the Montana brewers and their customers are concerned
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ืื– ื”ืžื‘ืฉืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ื ื˜ื ื” ื•ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ืžื•ื“ืื’ื™ื,
04:52
and they're looking for some way to address the problem.
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ื•ื”ื ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ื“ืจืš ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื”.
04:55
So how can they address this remaining water footprint?
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ืื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชืŸ ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืฉืืจ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ?
ื–ื™ื›ืจื• ืืช ืขืจื•ืฅ ื”ืฆื‘ืจ.
04:59
Remember Prickly Pear.
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05:00
Up until now, business water stewardship
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ืขื“ ืขืชื”,
ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืขื™ืกืงื™ ื‘ืžื™ื
05:04
has been limited to measuring and reducing,
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ื”ื•ื’ื‘ืœ ืœืžื“ื™ื“ื” ื•ืฆืžืฆื•ื,
ื•ื”ืฆืขืชื ื• ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื‘ื
05:09
and we're suggesting that the next step is to restore.
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ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ืงื•ื.
ื–ื™ื›ืจื• ืืช ืขืจื•ืฅ ื”ืฆื‘ืจ.
05:13
Remember Prickly Pear.
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05:14
It's a broken system.
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ื™ืฉ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืงื•ืœืงืœืช.
05:15
You've got a disincentive to conserve,
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ื•ืื™ืŸ ื“ื—ืฃ ืœืฉืžืจ,
05:17
because if you don't use your water right, you risk losing your water right.
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ื›ื™ ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื ืฆืœ ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœื• ืžืกืชื›ืŸ ื‘ืื•ื‘ื“ื ื”.
05:21
Well, we decided to connect these two worlds --
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ืื– ื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ืืœื”--
ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช
05:24
the world of the companies with their water footprints
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ืขืœ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ,
05:27
and the world of the farmers
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ื•ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื
05:29
with their senior water rights on these creeks.
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ื‘ืขืœื™ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
05:31
In some states,
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ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช,
05:33
senior water rights holders can leave their water in the stream
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ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื™ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื”
ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ื‘ื ื—ืœ
05:38
while legally protecting it from others,
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ื›ืฉืืœื” ืžื•ื’ื ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืข"ื™ ืื—ืจื™ื
ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื” ืฉืœื”ื.
05:42
and maintaining their water right.
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ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ,
05:46
After all, it is their water right,
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ื–ื• ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ื,
05:48
and if they want to use that water right to help the fish grow in the stream,
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ื•ืื ื”ื ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ื
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื“ื’ื” ืœื”ืชืคืชื— ื‘ื ื—ืœ,
05:52
it's their right to do so.
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ื–ื›ื•ืชื ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื›ืš.
05:55
But they have no incentive to do so.
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ืืš ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืชืžืจื™ืฅ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
ืื– ืขื‘ื“ื ื• ืขื ืงืจื ื•ืช ืžื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช,
06:00
So, working with local water trusts, we created an incentive to do so.
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ื•ื™ืฆืจื ื• ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื›ืš.
06:05
We pay them to leave their water in stream.
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ืื ื• ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืœื”ื ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ื‘ื ื—ืœ.
ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื›ืืŸ.
06:09
That's what's happening here.
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06:10
This individual has made the choice and is closing this water diversion,
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ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื”
ื•ื”ื•ื ืกื•ื’ืจ ื›ืืŸ ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื™ื,
06:15
leaving the water in the stream.
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ื•ืžืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ื‘ื ื—ืœ.
06:17
He doesn't lose the water right,
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืคืกื™ื“ ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื,
06:19
he just chooses to apply that right, or some portion of it,
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ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื–ื•,
ืื• ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžืžื ื”,
06:24
to the stream, instead of to the land.
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ื‘ื ื—ืœ, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืื“ืžื”.
06:27
Because he's the senior water-rights holder,
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ื›ื™ ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื‘ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื,
ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื• ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื™ื.
06:30
he can protect the water from other users in the stream.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ?
06:34
OK?
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06:35
He gets paid to leave the water in the stream.
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ื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ื‘ื ื—ืœ.
ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื
06:39
This guy's measuring the water that this leaves in the stream.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉืื™ืจ ื‘ื ื—ืœ.
06:43
We then take the measured water,
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ืื—ืจ ืื ื• ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ืฉื ืžื“ื“ื•,
06:46
we divide it into thousand-gallon increments.
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ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืœืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืŸ.
06:49
Each increment gets a serial number and a certificate,
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ื›ืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืžืงื‘ืœืช ืžืก' ืกื“ืจืชื™ ื•ืื™ืฉื•ืจ,
ื•ืื– ื”ืžื‘ืฉืœื•ืช ื•ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื
06:53
and then the brewers and others buy those certificates
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ืจื•ื›ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”
06:56
as a way to return water to these degraded ecosystems.
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ื›ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื
ืœืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืคื’ื•ืขื•ืช ืืœื”.
07:00
The brewers pay to restore water to the stream.
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ื”ืžื‘ืฉืœื•ืช ืžืฉืœืžื•ืช
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืงื ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ื‘ื ื—ืœ.
07:05
It provides a simple, inexpensive and measurable way
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ื–ื” ืžืกืคืง ื“ืจืš ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”, ื–ื•ืœื”
ื•ื‘ืจืช-ืžื“ื™ื“ื”
ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืžื™ื ืœืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื’ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื”,
07:10
to return water to these degraded ecosystems,
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07:12
while giving farmers an economic choice
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ื•ื‘ื“-ื‘ื‘ื“ ืžืกืคืง ืœื—ืงืœืื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช,
07:15
and giving businesses concerned about their water footprints
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ื•ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืื’ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ
07:18
an easy way to deal with them.
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ื“ืจืš ืงืœื” ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื›ืš.
07:20
After 140 years of conflict and 100 years of dry streams,
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ืื—ืจื™ 140 ืฉื ื•ืช ืžืื‘ืงื™ื
ื•-100 ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ื—ืœื™ื ื™ื‘ืฉื™ื,
07:27
a circumstance that litigation and regulation has not solved,
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ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช
ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœืคืชื•ืจ,
ืื ื—ื ื• ืคื™ืชื—ื ื• ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ืกืก-ืฉื•ืง
07:33
we put together a market-based, willing buyer, willing seller solution --
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ื•ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืžื•ื›ืจ--
ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื—ืงื™ืงื”.
07:37
a solution that does not require litigation.
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07:41
It's about giving folks concerned about their water footprints
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ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœืชืช
ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื•ื˜ืจื“ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ื
07:46
a real opportunity to put water where it's critically needed,
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ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ืช
ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื ืœืืŸ ืฉื”ื ื ื—ื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืช,
ืœืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”,
07:51
into these degraded ecosystems,
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07:53
while at the same time providing farmers a meaningful economic choice
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ื•ื‘ื•-ื‘ื–ืžืŸ
ืœืกืคืง ืœื—ืงืœืื™ื
ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช
07:59
about how their water is used.
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื“ืจื›ื™ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
08:01
These transactions create allies, not enemies.
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ืขื™ืกืงืื•ืช ืืœื” ื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื™-ื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ืœื ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื.
08:04
They connect people rather than dividing them.
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ื”ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืคืœื’ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื.
08:06
And they provide needed economic support for rural communities.
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ื•ื”ืŸ ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื ื—ื•ืฆื” ืœืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื›ืคืจื™ื•ืช.
ื•ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ - ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“.
08:10
And most importantly, it's working.
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08:12
We've returned more than four billion gallons of water to degraded ecosystems.
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ื”ื—ื–ืจื ื• ืžืขืœ 15 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืœื™ื˜ืจ ืžื™ื
ืœืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื ื•ื•ื ื•ืช.
ืงื™ืฉืจื ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืžื™ื
08:17
We've connected senior water-rights holders
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ืœืžื‘ืฉืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ื ื˜ื ื”,
08:19
with brewers in Montana,
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08:20
with hotels and tea companies in Oregon,
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ื•ืœืžืœื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช-ืชื” ื‘ืื•ืจื’ื•ืŸ
08:23
and with high-tech companies that use a lot of water in the Southwest.
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ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื™-ื˜ืง ืฉืžืฉืชืžืฉื•ืช ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื™ื
08:26
And when we make these connections,
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ื‘ื“ืจื•ื-ืžืขืจื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ. ื•ื›ืฉืื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืงืฉืจื™ื ืืœื”,
08:29
we can and we do turn this ...
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ืืฃ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช,
ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื–ื” - ืœื–ื”.
08:33
into this.
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08:34
(Applause)
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื.
08:36
Thank you very much.
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08:37
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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