Misha Glenny investigates global crime networks

138,506 views ใƒป 2009-09-14

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Yifat Adler ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
These are grim economic times,
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ืืœื• ื”ื ื–ืžื ื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ืœื›ืœื›ืœื”,
00:15
fellow TEDsters, grim economic times indeed.
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ื—ื‘ืจื™ TED ื™ืงืจื™ื, ื–ืžื ื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ืœื›ืœื›ืœื”.
00:18
And so, I would like to cheer you up
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ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ืจื•ื—ื›ื
00:21
with one of the great, albeit largely unknown,
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ืขื ืื—ื“ ืžืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื”ืžืกื—ืจื™ืช
00:24
commercial success stories
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ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืืš ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ื•ื“ืขื™ื
00:26
of the past 20 years.
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ืฉืœ 20 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช.
00:28
Comparable, in its own very peculiar way,
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ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื“ื•ืžื”, ื‘ื“ืจื›ื• ื”ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช,
00:31
to the achievements of Microsoft or Google.
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ืœื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกื•ืคื˜ ืื• ืฉืœ ื’ื•ื’ืœ.
00:34
And it's an industry which has bucked the current recession
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืฉื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื” ืขื ื”ืฉืคืœ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™
00:37
with equanimity.
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ื‘ืงื•ืจ ืจื•ื—.
00:39
I refer to organized crime.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืคืฉืข ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ.
00:42
Now organized crime has been around
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ื•ืื ืชืืžืจื• ืฉื”ืคืฉืข ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ
00:44
for a very long time, I hear you say,
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ืงื™ื™ื ืžื–ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘,
00:47
and these would be wise words, indeed.
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ืื›ืŸ, ื™ื”ื™ื• ืืœื” ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื˜ืขื.
00:49
But in the last two decades,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื
00:52
it has experienced an unprecedented expansion,
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืจื—ื‘ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื.
00:55
now accounting for roughly 15 percent
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ื•ื”ื’ื™ืข ื›ืขืช ืœื›-15 ืื—ื•ื–
00:59
of the world's GDP.
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ืžื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ื’ื•ืœืžื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™.
01:01
I like to call it the Global Shadow Economy,
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ืื ื™ ืžื›ื ื” ืื•ืชื• "ื›ืœื›ืœืช ื”ืฆืœืœื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช",
01:04
or McMafia, for short.
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ืื• ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ "ืžืงืžืืคื™ื”".
01:07
So what triggered this extraordinary growth
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ืžื” ื’ืจื ืœื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืขืฆื•ื
01:10
in cross-border crime?
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ื‘ืคืฉืข ื—ื•ืฆื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช?
01:12
Well, of course, there is globalization,
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”,
01:14
technology, communications, all that stuff,
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ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”, ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืืจ,
01:17
which we'll talk about a little bit later.
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ืขืœื™ื”ื ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš.
01:20
But first, I would like to take you back
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ืื‘ืœ ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ, ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืชื›ื
01:23
to this event:
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ืœืื™ืจื•ืข ื”ื‘ื -
01:25
the collapse of communism.
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ื”ืชืžื•ื˜ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ื–ื
01:27
All across Eastern Europe, a most momentous episode
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืžื–ืจื— ืื™ืจื•ืคื”. ืžืื•ืจืข ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
01:31
in our post-war history.
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ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”.
01:33
Now it's time for full disclosure.
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืื•ืช.
01:36
This event meant a great deal to me personally.
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ืœืžืื•ืจืข ื–ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืจื‘ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื™.
01:39
I had started smuggling books across the Iron Curtain
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ื”ื‘ืจื—ืชื™ ืกืคืจื™ื ืืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืžืกืš ื”ื‘ืจื–ืœ
01:43
to Democratic opposition groups in Eastern Europe,
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ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืื•ืคื•ื–ื™ืฆื™ื” ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ืื™ืจื•ืคื”,
01:45
like Solidarity in Poland,
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ื›ืžื• ืกื•ืœื™ื“ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ,
01:47
when I was in my teens.
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ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืขืฉืจื” ืฉืœื™.
01:49
I then started writing about Eastern Europe,
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ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื–ืจื— ืื™ืจื•ืคื”,
01:53
and eventually I became the BBC's chief correspondent for the region,
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื•ื ืชื™ ืœื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™.ื‘ื™.ืกื™. ืœืื™ื–ื•ืจ.
01:57
which is what I was doing in 1989.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืขืกืงืชื™ ื‘-1989.
02:01
And so when 425 million people
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ื•ื›ืš ื›ืืฉืจ 425 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื
02:05
finally won the right
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ื–ื›ื• ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช
02:07
to choose their own governments,
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ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื
02:09
I was ecstatic,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืืงืกื˜ื–ื”.
02:12
but I was also a touch worried
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื’ื ืงืฆืช ืžื•ื“ืื’
02:14
about some of the nastier things
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ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ื–ื“ื•ื ื™ื™ื
02:16
lurking behind the wall.
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ืฉืืจื‘ื• ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ื—ื•ืžื”.
02:18
It wasn't long, for example,
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ื“ื™ ืžื”ืจ, ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื,
02:20
before ethnic nationalism
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ื”ืœืื•ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืืชื ื™ืช
02:22
reared its bloody head
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ื”ืจื™ืžื” ืืช ืจืืฉื” ื”ืขืงื•ื‘ ืžื“ื
02:24
in Yugoslavia.
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ื‘ื™ื•ื’ื•ืกืœื‘ื™ื”.
02:26
And amongst the chaos,
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ื•ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืชื•ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื•ื”ื•,
02:28
amidst the euphoria,
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืื•ืคื•ืจื™ื”,
02:30
it took me a little while to understand
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ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืชื•ืš ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ
02:32
that some of the people who had wielded power
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ืฉื—ืœืง ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื—ื–ื™ืงื• ื‘ืขืžื“ื•ืช ื›ื•ื—
02:35
before 1989, in Eastern Europe,
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ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ืœืคื ื™ 1989,
02:39
continued to do so after the revolutions there.
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ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ื”ืŸ ื’ื ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืžื”ืคื›ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• ืฉื.
02:43
Obviously there were characters like this.
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ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืืœื™ื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืกื™ื ื›ืืœื”.
02:47
But there were also some more unexpected people
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื’ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืฆืคื™ื ืœื›ืš
02:51
who played a critical role in what was going on in Eastern Europe.
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ืฉื™ืžืœืื• ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ืื™ืจื•ืคื”.
02:55
Like this character. Remember these guys?
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ื›ืžื• ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืœืžืฉืœ. ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจ'ื” ื”ืืœื”?
02:58
They used to win the gold medals in weightlifting
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ืœื™ื•ืช ื–ื”ื‘ ื‘ื”ืจืžืช ืžืฉืงื•ืœื•ืช
03:00
and wrestling, every four years in the Olympics,
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ื•ื‘ื”ืื‘ืงื•ืช ืคืขื ื‘ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืœื™ืžืคื™ืื“ื”.
03:03
and they were the great celebrities of communism,
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืกืœื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ื– ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ื–ื
03:06
with a fabulous lifestyle to go with it.
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ืขื ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื’ื“ื™ ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื”.
03:09
They used to get great apartments in the center of town,
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ื”ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืคืืจ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืขื™ืจ.
03:11
casual sex on tap,
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ืกืงืก ืžื–ื“ืžืŸ ื›ืื•ื•ืช ื ืคืฉื.
03:13
and they could travel to the West very freely,
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื ืกื•ืข ืœืžืขืจื‘ ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื”,
03:16
which was a great luxury at the time.
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ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”.
03:19
It may come as a surprise, but they played a critical role
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ืื•ืœื™ ืชื•ืคืชืขื• ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžื›ืจื™ืข
03:23
in the emergence of the market economy
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ื‘ืฆืžื™ื—ืช ื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™
03:25
in Eastern Europe.
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ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ืื™ืจื•ืคื”.
03:27
Or as I like to call them, they are
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ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื›ื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื
03:29
the midwives of capitalism.
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"ื”ืžื™ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงืคื™ื˜ืœื™ื–ื".
03:31
Here are some of those same weightlifters
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ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื” ืžืื•ืชื ืžืจื™ืžื™ ืžืฉืงื•ืœื•ืช
03:34
after their 1989 makeover.
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ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืžื”ืคืš ืฉืœื”ื ื‘-1989.
03:37
Now in Bulgaria --
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ื•ื‘ื‘ื•ืœื’ืจื™ื”,
03:40
this photograph was taken in Bulgaria --
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ืชืžื•ื ื” ื–ื• ืฆื•ืœืžื” ื‘ื‘ื•ืœื’ืจื™ื”.
03:42
when communism collapsed all over Eastern Europe,
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ื›ืฉื”ืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ื–ื ื”ืชืžื•ื˜ื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืžื–ืจื— ืื™ืจื•ืคื”,
03:45
it wasn't just communism;
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ืœื ืจืง ื”ืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ื–ื ื”ืชืžื•ื˜ื˜,
03:47
it was the state that collapsed as well.
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ื’ื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขืฆืžืŸ ื”ืชืžื•ื˜ื˜ื•.
03:49
That means your police force wasn't working.
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ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืœื ืชื™ืคืงื“ื•.
03:51
The court system wasn't functioning properly.
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ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืœื ืชืคืงื“ื”.
03:54
So what was a business man in the brave new world
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ืื™ืš ืื™ืฉ ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืฅ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ
03:59
of East European capitalism going to do
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ืฉืœ ืžื–ืจื— ืื™ืจื•ืคื”
04:01
to make sure that his contracts would be honored?
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ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืฉืœื• ื™ื›ื•ื‘ื“ื•?
04:05
Well, he would turn to people who were called, rather prosaically
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ื”ื•ื ืคื ื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื, ืฉื›ื•ื ื• ืข"ื™ ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื,
04:08
by sociologists, privatized law enforcement agencies.
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ื“ื™ ื‘ืคืจื•ื–ืื™ื•ืช, "ืกื•ื›ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื›ื™ืคืช ื—ื•ืง ืžื•ืคืจื˜ื•ืช".
04:12
We prefer to know them as the mafia.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื ืœื›ื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื”"ืžืืคื™ื”".
04:16
And in Bulgaria, the mafia was soon joined
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ื‘ื‘ื•ืœื’ืจื™ื”, ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืœืžืืคื™ื” ื“ื™ ืžื”ืจ
04:19
with 14,000 people
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14 ืืœืฃ ืื™ืฉ
04:21
who were sacked from their jobs in the security services
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ืฉืคื•ื˜ืจื• ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ
04:25
between 1989 and 1991.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื 1989 ื•-1991.
04:27
Now, when your state is collapsing,
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ื›ืฉื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœื›ื ืžืชืžื•ื˜ื˜ืช,
04:31
your economy is heading south at a rate of knots,
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ื•ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืžืื‘ื“ืช ืืช ื”ืฆืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืจืฆื—ื ื™,
04:34
the last people you want coming on to the labor market
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ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
04:37
are 14,000 men and women whose chief skills
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ื”ื 14 ืืœืฃ ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื
04:40
are surveillance,
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ื”ื ืจื™ื’ื•ืœ,
04:42
are smuggling, building underground networks
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ื”ื‘ืจื—ื•ืช, ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืจืฉืชื•ืช ืžื—ืชืจืชื™ื•ืช
04:45
and killing people.
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ื•ื”ืจื™ื’ื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื.
04:48
But that's what happened all over Eastern Europe.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืžื–ืจื— ืื™ืจื•ืคื”.
04:51
Now, when I was working in the 1990s,
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ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-90 ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื”
04:56
I spent most of the time covering
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ืขืกืงืชื™ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืฉืœ
04:59
the appalling conflict in Yugoslavia.
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ื”ืขื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืจื ื‘ื™ื•ื’ื•ืกืœื‘ื™ื”.
05:02
And I couldn't help notice
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ื•ื”ื‘ื—ื ืชื™
05:04
that the people who were perpetrating the appalling atrocities,
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ืฉื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืื—ืจืื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื™ ื”ื–ื•ื•ืขื” ื”ื ื•ืจืื™ื,
05:08
the paramilitary organizations,
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ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ื™ื ืœืžื—ืฆื”,
05:11
were actually the same people running
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ื”ื™ื• ืœืžืขืฉื”
05:13
the organized criminal syndicates.
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ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืกื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืฉืข ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ.
05:16
And I came to think that behind the violence
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ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช
05:20
lay a sinister criminal enterprise.
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ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื™ื•ื–ืžื” ืคืœื™ืœื™ืช ื•ืžืจื•ืฉืขืช.
05:23
And so I resolved to travel around the world
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœื ืกื•ืข ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื
05:27
examining this global criminal underworld
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ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื–ื”
05:30
by talking to policemen,
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืขื ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื,
05:32
by talking to victims, by talking to consumers
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ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืขื ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช, ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืขื ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื
05:35
of illicit goods and services.
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ืฉืœ ืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœื ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื.
05:37
But above all else, by talking to the gangsters themselves.
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ื•ืžืขืœ ื”ื›ืœ, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืขื ืื ืฉื™ ื”ื›ื ื•ืคื™ื•ืช ืขืฆืžื.
05:42
And the Balkans was a fabulous place to start.
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ื”ื‘ืœืงื ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืงื•ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื•.
05:45
Why? Well of course
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ืœืžื”?
05:47
there was the issue of law and order collapsing,
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ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืชืžื•ื˜ื˜ื• ืฉื.
05:49
but also, as they say in the retail trade,
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ืื‘ืœ, ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืžืกื—ืจ ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™,
05:51
it's location, location, location.
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ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื™ืงื•ื, ื”ืžื™ืงื•ื ื•ื”ืžื™ืงื•ื.
05:55
And what I noticed at the beginning of my research
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ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœื™ ื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™
05:57
that the Balkans had turned into a vast transit zone
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ืฉื”ื‘ืœืงื ื™ื ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืื™ื–ื•ืจ ื ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ
06:02
for illicit goods and services coming from all over the world.
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ืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืžื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
06:05
Heroin, cocaine,
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ื”ื™ืจื•ืื™ืŸ, ืงื•ืงืื™ืŸ,
06:07
women being trafficked into prostitution
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ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืกื—ืจื• ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื–ื ื•ืช
06:10
and precious minerals.
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ื•ืžื™ื ืจืœื™ื ืจื‘ื™ ืขืจืš.
06:12
And where were they heading?
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ื•ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ืขื“ ืฉืœื”ื?
06:14
The European Union, which by now
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ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคืื™, ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื•
06:16
was beginning to reap the benefits of globalization,
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ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืงืฆื•ืจ ืืช ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืฆื™ื”.
06:20
transforming it into
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืคืš
06:22
the most affluent consumer market in history,
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ืœืฉื•ืง ื”ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื’ืฉื’ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื›ื•ืœื”,
06:25
eventually comprising some 500 million people.
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ืฉื›ืœืœ ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื›-500 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉ.
06:28
And a significant minority
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ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ืœื ืžื‘ื•ื˜ืœ
06:31
of those 500 million people
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ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื 500 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉ
06:33
like to spend some of their leisure time and spare cash
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ื ื”ื ื™ื ืœื‘ืœื•ืช ืืช ื–ืžื ื ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ื•ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื›ืกืคื
06:36
sleeping with prostitutes,
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ืขืœ ื–ื•ื ื•ืช,
06:38
sticking 50 Euro notes up their nose
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ืฉืื™ืคืช ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ 50 ืื™ืจื•
06:41
and employing illegal migrant laborers.
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ื•ื”ืขืกืงืช ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื.
06:44
Now, organized crime in a globalizing world
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ืคืฉืข ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืœื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™
06:48
operates in the same way as any other business.
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ืžื ื•ื”ืœ ื›ืžื• ื›ืœ ืขืกืง ืื—ืจ.
06:50
It has zones of production,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืื™ื–ื•ืจื™ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ,
06:53
like Afghanistan and Columbia.
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ื›ืžื• ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ ื•ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ื”.
06:56
It has zones of distribution,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืื™ื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืคืฆื”,
06:58
like Mexico and the Balkans.
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ื›ืžื• ืžืงืกื™ืงื• ื•ื”ื‘ืœืงื ื™ื.
07:01
And then, of course, it has zones of consumption,
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืื™ื–ื•ืจื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื”,
07:05
like the European Union, Japan
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ื›ืžื• ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคืื™, ื™ืคืŸ,
07:07
and of course, the United States.
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืืจื”"ื‘.
07:10
The zones of production and distribution
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ืื™ื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื•ื”ื”ืคืฆื”
07:13
tend to lie in the developing world,
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ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœืฉื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืชืคืชื—.
07:16
and they are often threatened by appalling violence
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ื•ื”ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืžื–ืขื–ืขืช
07:20
and bloodshed.
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ื•ืฉืคื™ื›ื•ืช ื“ืžื™ื.
07:22
Take Mexico, for example.
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ื‘ืžืงืกื™ืงื•, ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื.
07:24
Six thousand people killed there in the last 18 months
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6,000 ืื ืฉื™ื ื ืจืฆื—ื• ื‘-18 ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื
07:28
as a direct consequence of the cocaine trade.
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ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกื—ืจ ื‘ืงื•ืงืื™ืŸ.
07:32
But what about the Democratic Republic of Congo?
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ื•ืžื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื” ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืงื•ื ื’ื•?
07:36
Since 1998, five million people have died there.
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ืžืื– 1998, 5 ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ืžืชื• ืฉื.
07:42
It's not a conflict you read about much in the newspapers,
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ืœื ืชืงืจืื• ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ื ื•ืช,
07:44
but it's the biggest conflict on this planet
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื”ื• ื”ืขื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ
07:47
since the Second World War.
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ืžืื– ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื ื™ื”.
07:49
And why is it? Because mafias from all around the world
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ื•ื–ืืช ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืืคื™ื•ืช ืžื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื
07:52
cooperate with local paramilitaries
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ืžืฉืชืคื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ื™ื ืœืžื—ืฆื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื
07:55
in order to seize the supplies
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืœื˜ ืขืœ ืžืœืื™
07:58
of the rich mineral resources
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ื”ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืจืœื™ื™ื
08:00
of the region.
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ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืจ.
08:02
In the year 2000, 80 percent of the world's coltan
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ื‘ืฉื ืช 2000, 80 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืœื˜ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™
08:06
was sourced to the killing fields
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ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืžืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืงื˜ืœ
08:08
of the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.
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ืฉืœ ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื” ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืงื•ื ื’ื•.
08:12
Now, coltan you will find in almost every mobile phone,
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ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœื˜ืŸ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ื™ื“,
08:16
in almost every laptop
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ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื ื™ื™ื“
08:18
and games console.
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ื•ืงื•ื ืกื•ืœืช ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื.
08:20
The Congolese war lords were selling this stuff to the mafia
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ืืœื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืžืงื•ื ื’ื• ืžื›ืจื• ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ืœืžืืคื™ื”
08:23
in exchange for weapons,
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ื‘ืชืžื•ืจื” ืœื›ืœื™ ื ืฉืง.
08:25
and the mafia would then sell it on to Western markets.
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ื”ืžืืคื™ื” ืžื›ืจื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื.
08:29
And it is this Western desire
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ื•ื”ืœื”ื˜ ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ื”ื–ื”
08:31
to consume
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ืœืฆืจื™ื›ื”
08:33
that is the primary driver
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื ื•ืข ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™
08:36
of international organized crime.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืคืฉืข ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™.
08:39
Now, let me show you some of my friends in action,
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ืืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืืช ื›ืžื” ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื”.
08:43
caught conveniently on film by the Italian police,
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ื”ื ื ืชืคืกื• ื‘ืขื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื”ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช
08:46
and smuggling duty-not-paid cigarettes.
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ืžื‘ืจื™ื—ื™ื ืกื™ื’ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืœื ืชืฉืœื•ื ืžื›ืก.
08:49
Now, cigarettes out the factory gate are very cheap.
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ื”ืกื™ื’ืจื™ื•ืช ื–ื•ืœื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื›ืฉื”ืŸ ื™ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžืฉืขืจื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ืจื•ืฉืช.
08:52
The European Union then imposes the highest taxes on them in the world.
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ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคืื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
08:56
So if you can smuggle them into the E.U.,
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ, ืžื™ ืฉืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื‘ืจื™ื— ืื•ืชืŸ ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคืื™
08:59
there are very handsome profits to be made,
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ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื ืื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
09:02
and I want to show you this to demonstrate
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ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘
09:04
the type of resources available to these groups.
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ืœืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
09:07
This boat is worth one million Euros when it's new.
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ื”ืกื™ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ืฉื•ื•ื” ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืจื• ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื”.
09:11
And it's the fastest thing on European waters.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžื™ืžื™ ืื™ืจื•ืคื”.
09:15
From 1994, for seven years,
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ื”ื—ืœ ื‘-1994, ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื,
09:18
20 of these boats
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20 ืกื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืืœื”
09:20
made the trip across the Adriatic,
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ื—ืฆื• ืืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืื“ืจื™ืื˜ื™,
09:23
from Montenegro to Italy, every single night.
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ืžืžื•ื ื˜ื ื’ืจื• ืœืื™ื˜ืœื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืœื™ืœื”.
09:26
And as a consequence of this trade,
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ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ืกื—ืจ ื”ื–ื”
09:28
Britain alone lost eight billion dollars in revenue.
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ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” ืœื‘ื“ื” ื”ืคืกื™ื“ื” ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ 8 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ.
09:33
And instead that money went to underwrite the wars in Yugoslavia
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ื›ืกืฃ ื–ื” ืžืฆื ืืช ื“ืจื›ื• ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื’ื•ืกืœื‘ื™ื”
09:37
and line the pockets of unscrupulous individuals.
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ื•ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืŸ ื›ื™ืกื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ.
09:41
Now Italian police, when this trade started,
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ื›ืฉื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ, ืœืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื”ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช
09:44
had just two boats which could go at the same speed.
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ื”ื™ื• ืจืง ืฉืชื™ ืกื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื–ื”ื”.
09:48
And this is very important, because the only way you can catch these guys
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœืชืคื•ืก ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”
09:50
is if they run out of gas.
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ื”ื™ื ื›ืฉืื•ื–ืœ ืœื”ื ื”ื“ืœืง.
09:53
Sometimes the gangsters would bring with them
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื ืฉื™ ื”ื›ื ื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืื•
09:55
women being trafficked into prostitution,
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ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืกื—ืจื• ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื–ื ื•ืช.
09:58
and if the police intervened, they would hurl
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ื•ืื ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืชืขืจื‘ืช, ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืฉืœื™ื›ื™ื
10:00
the women into the sea
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ืืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœื™ื
10:03
so that the police had to go and save them from drowning,
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืื•ืชืŸ ืžื˜ื‘ื™ืขื”,
10:05
rather than chasing the bad guys.
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืžืจื“ืฃ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื‘ืจื ืฉื™ื ื”ืจืขื™ื.
10:09
So I have shown you this to demonstrate
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ื”ืฆื’ืชื™ ื–ืืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ื ืœื›ื
10:12
how many boats, how many vessels it takes
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ื›ืžื” ืกื™ืจื•ืช, ื›ืžื” ื›ืœื™ ืฉื™ื™ื˜ ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื
10:14
to catch one of these guys.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืคื•ืก ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื.
10:16
And the answer is six vessels.
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ื•ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื 6 ื›ืœื™ ืฉื™ื™ื˜.
10:18
And remember, 20 of these speed boats
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ื•ื–ื™ื›ืจื•, 20 ืžื”ืกื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื”
10:21
were coming across the Adriatic
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ื—ืฆื• ืืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืื“ืจื™ืื˜ื™
10:23
every single night.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืœื™ืœื”.
10:25
So what were these guys doing with all the money they were making?
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ืžื” ื”ื‘ืจื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉื”ื ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื™ื?
10:29
Well, this is where we come to globalization,
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ื›ืืŸ, ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืžืฆื˜ืจืคืช ืœืžืฉื—ืง.
10:33
because that was not just the deregulation of global trade.
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืจืง ื‘ื“ื”-ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™.
10:36
It was the liberalization of international financial markets.
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ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื.
10:39
And boy, did that make it easy
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ื•ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉื–ื” ื”ืงืœ ืžืื•ื“
10:42
for the money launderers.
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ืขืœ ืžืœื‘ื™ื ื™ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื.
10:44
The last two decades have been the champagne era
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ืฉื ื™ ื”ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ
10:47
for dirty lucre.
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ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจ.
10:49
In the 1990s, we saw financial centers around the world
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ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-90 ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื
10:53
competing for their business,
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ื”ืชื—ืจื• ืขืœื™ื•.
10:56
and there was simply no effective mechanism
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ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ื ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื
10:58
to prevent money laundering.
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ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืœื‘ื ืช ื”ื•ืŸ.
11:00
And a lot of licit banks were also happy
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ื‘ื ืงื™ื ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืžื—ื• ื’ื ื”ื
11:03
to accept deposits
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ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ืคืงื“ื•ืช
11:06
from very dubious sources
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ืžืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืžืคื•ืงืคืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
11:08
without questions being asked.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืฉืืœื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืชืจื•ืช.
11:11
But at the heart of this, is the offshore banking network.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืœื‘ ืœื™ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืžืฆืืช ืจืฉืช ื”ื‘ื ืงืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ-ื’ื‘ื•ืœื™ืช.
11:15
Now these things
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ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื”
11:18
are an essential part of the money laundering parade,
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ื”ื ื—ืœืง ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืžืฆืขื“ ื”ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื.
11:21
and if you want to do something about illegal tax evasion
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ื•ืื ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื ื• ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”ืขืœืžื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช
11:25
and transnational organized crime, money laundering,
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ื‘ืคืฉืข ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ืชื™ ื•ื‘ื”ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืŸ
11:29
you have to get rid of them.
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื™ืคื˜ืจ ืžื”ื.
11:31
On a positive note, we at last have someone in the White House
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ื•ื‘ื ื™ืžื” ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืช, ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื‘ืŸ
11:34
who has consistently spoken out
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืžืชื‘ื˜ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™
11:37
against these corrosive entities.
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ื ื’ื“ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ืจืกื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.
11:40
And if anyone is concerned about what I believe
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ื•ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื—ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžืžื”
11:44
is the necessity for
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ืฉื”ื•ื, ืœื“ืขืชื™, ื”ื›ืจื—
11:47
new legislation, regulation, effective regulation,
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ื‘ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื—ื“ืฉื”, ื‘ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช,
11:50
I say, let's take a look at Bernie Madoff,
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ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืขื™ืฃ ืžื‘ื˜ ื‘ื‘ืจื ื™ ืžืื“ื•ืฃ,
11:54
who is now going to be spending the rest of his life in jail.
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ืฉืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ืœื•ืช ืืช ืฉืืจื™ืช ื™ืžื™ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกื•ื”ืจ.
11:58
Bernie Madoff stole 65 billion dollars.
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ื‘ืจื ื™ ืžืื“ื•ืฃ ื’ื ื‘ 65 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ.
12:04
That puts him up there on the Olympus of gangsters
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ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืœื™ืžืคื•ืก ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ื›ื ื•ืคื™ื•ืช
12:07
with the Colombian cartels
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ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืงืจื˜ืœื™ื ื”ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ืื ื™ื
12:09
and the major Russian crime syndicates,
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ื•ืกื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื™ ื”ืคืฉืข ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืจื•ืกื™ื”.
12:12
but he did this for decades
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ื‘ืžืฉืš ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื
12:14
in the very heart of Wall Street,
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ื‘ืœื‘ ืœื™ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื•ื•ืœ ืกื˜ืจื™ื˜.
12:16
and no regulator picked up on it.
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ื•ืืฃ ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจ ืœื ืขืœื” ืขืœื™ื•.
12:19
So how many other Madoffs are there on Wall Street
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ื›ืžื” ืžืื“ื•ืคื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื•ื•ืœ ืกื˜ืจื™ื˜,
12:22
or in the city of London,
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ืื• ื‘ืกื™ื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ,
12:24
fleecing ordinary folk
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ืขื•ืฉืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื,
12:26
and money laundering?
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ื•ืžืœื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื•ืŸ?
12:28
Well I can tell you, it's quite a few of them.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื ืฉื”ื ืœื ืžืขื˜ื™ื.
12:32
Let me go on to the 101 of international organized crime now.
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ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืคืฉืข ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ืขืœ ืจื’ืœ ืื—ืช -
12:36
And that is narcotics. Our second marijuana farm photograph for the morning.
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ื”ืกืžื™ื ื”ื ืจืงื•ื˜ื™ื™ื. ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื•ืช ืžืจื™ื—ื•ืื ื” ืœื‘ื•ืงืจ ื–ื”.
12:40
This one, however, is in central British Columbia
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ืื‘ืœ ื—ื•ื•ื” ื–ื• ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ื” ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช,
12:43
where I photographed it.
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ืฉื ืฆื™ืœืžืชื™ ืื•ืชื”.
12:45
It's one of the tens of thousands
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืื—ืช ืžืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™
12:47
of mom-and-pop grow-ops in B.C.
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ื—ื•ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ื” ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช.
12:50
which ensure that over five percent
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ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืœืžืขืœื” ืžื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื
12:53
of the province's GDP is accounted for by this trade.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืฆื™ื” ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืžื”ืกื—ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
12:57
Now, I was taken by inspector Brian Cantera,
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ื”ืžืคืงื— ื‘ืจื™ืืŸ ืงื ื˜ืจื”
13:02
of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police,
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ืžืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื”ืคืจืฉื™ื ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื”ืงื ื“ื™ืช
13:04
to a cavernous warehouse east of Vancouver
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ืœืงื— ืื•ืชื™ ืœืžื—ืกืŸ ืขื ืง ืžืžื–ืจื— ืœื•ื•ื ืงื•ื‘ืจ
13:06
to see some of the goods which are regularly confiscated
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ืฉื ืจืื™ืชื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืžื•ื—ืจืžื•ืช ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช
13:10
by the RCMP
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ืข"ื™ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”
13:12
from the smugglers who are sending it,
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ืžื”ืžื‘ืจื™ื—ื™ื ืฉืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ,
13:14
of course, down south to the United States
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื“ืจื•ืžื” ืœืืจื”"ื‘,
13:17
where there is an insatiable market
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ืฉื ืงื™ื™ื ืฉื•ืง ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื‘ืขื”
13:19
for B.C. Bud, as it's called,
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ืœ"ื ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืžืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ื” ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช", ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืกื—ื•ืจื” ืžื›ื•ื ื”,
13:22
in part because it's marketed as organic,
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ื’ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื•ืงืช ื›ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ืช,
13:24
which of course goes down very well in California.
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ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืชื•ืจื ืœืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื” ื‘ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”.
13:28
(Laughter)
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[ืฆื—ื•ืง]
13:30
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
13:31
Now, even by the police's admission,
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ื’ื ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืžื•ื“ื”
13:34
this makes not a dent in the profits, really,
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ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืืคืก ืงืฆื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืจื•ื•ื—ื™
13:39
of the major exporters.
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ื”ืžื‘ืจื™ื—ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื.
13:41
Since the beginning of globalization,
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ืžืื– ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”
13:43
the global narcotics market has expanded enormously.
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ืฉื•ืง ื”ืกืžื™ื ื”ื ืจืงื•ื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืชืจื—ื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืขืฆื•ืžื”.
13:47
There has, however, been no concomitant increase
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ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืชื•ืื
13:50
in the resources available
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ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ืช
13:53
to police forces.
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ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”.
13:55
This, however, may all be about to change,
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ืื‘ืœ, ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช.
14:00
because something very strange is going on.
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื•ื–ืจ ืžืื•ื“.
14:02
The United Nations recognized
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ื”ืื•"ื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ
14:04
earlier this -- it was last month actually --
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ืœืคื ื™ ื›ื—ื•ื“ืฉ
14:07
that Canada has become a key area of distribution and production
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ืฉืงื ื“ื” ื”ืคื›ื” ืœืžืจื›ื– ื”ืคืฆื” ื•ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืœ
14:13
of ecstasy and other synthetic drugs.
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ืืงืกื˜ื–ื™ ื•ืฉืœ ืกืžื™ื ืกื™ื ื˜ื˜ื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื.
14:17
Interestingly, the market share
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ื ืชื— ื”ืฉื•ืง
14:19
of heroin and cocaine is going down,
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ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ืจื•ืื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืงื•ืงืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื™ื•ืจื“
14:22
because the pills are getting ever better at reproducing their highs.
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื›ื“ื•ืจื™ื ื ืขืฉื™ื ืจื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ื•ื ืœื™ื•ื.
14:27
Now that is a game changer,
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ืขืงื‘ ื–ืืช, ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ืžืฉืชื ื™ื.
14:31
because it shifts production away from the developing world
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ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืชืคืชื—
14:35
and into the Western world.
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ืืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™.
14:39
When that happens, it is a trend
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ื”ืžื’ืžื” ื”ื–ืืช
14:41
which is set to overwhelm our policing capacity in the West.
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ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™.
14:45
The drugs policy which we've had in place for 40 years
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ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืกืžื™ื ื ืงื‘ืขื” ืœืคื ื™ 40 ืฉื ื™ื
14:49
is long overdue for a very serious rethink,
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ื•ื–ืงื•ืงื” ื‘ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช ืœืจืขื ื•ืŸ
14:54
in my opinion.
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ื•ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช.
14:56
Now, the recession.
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ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืฉืคืœ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™.
14:58
Well, organized crime has already adapted
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ื”ืคืฉืข ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื•
15:00
very well to the recession.
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ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช ืœืฉืคืœ.
15:02
Not surprising, the most opportunistic industry
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ื–ื” ืœื ืžืคืชื™ืข. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”
15:04
in the whole world.
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ื”ืื•ืคื•ืจื˜ื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
15:06
And it has no rules to its regulatory system.
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ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ืฉืœื” ืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืงื™ื.
15:10
Except, of course, it has two business risks:
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ืžืœื‘ื“, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืฉื ื™ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืขื™ืกืงื™ื™ื:
15:14
arrest by law enforcement,
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ืžืืกืจ ืข"ื™ ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง,
15:16
which is, frankly, the least of their worries,
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ืฉืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืืžืช, ืœื ืžื˜ืจื™ื“ ืืช ืžื ื•ื—ืชื,
15:18
and competition from other groups,
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ื•ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืข"ื™ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช,
15:21
i.e. a bullet in the back of the head.
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ืขื•ืจืฃ.
15:23
What they've done is they've shifted their operations.
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ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
15:26
People don't smoke as much dope, or visit prostitutes quite so frequently
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืคื—ื™ืชื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืกืžื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ื ืืฆืœ ื–ื•ื ื•ืช
15:30
during a recession.
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ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืคืœ ื›ืœื›ืœื™.
15:32
And so instead, they have invaded financial
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ื›ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ, ื”ื ืคืœืฉื• ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืคืฉื™ืขื” ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ืช
15:34
and corporate crime in a big way,
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ื•ืœืคืฉืข ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™,
15:36
but above all, two sectors,
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ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœืฉื ื™ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื:
15:38
and that is counterfeit goods
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ืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื–ื•ื™ื™ืคื•ืช
15:41
and cybercrime.
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ื•ืคืฉืข ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ.
15:43
And it's been terribly successful.
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ื”ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
15:45
I would like to introduce you to Mr. Pringle.
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ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืืช ืžืจ ืคืจื™ื ื’ืœ.
15:48
Or perhaps I should say, more accurately, Seรฑor Pringle.
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ืื•, ืœื™ืชืจ ื“ื™ื•ืง, ืืช ืกื ื™ื•ืจ ืคืจื™ื ื’ืœ.
15:52
I was introduced to this bit of kit by a Brazilian cybercriminal.
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ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœืื™ ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืคืฉืข ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืขืจื›ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื‘ืคื ื™.
15:56
We sat in a car on the Avenue Paulista
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ื™ืฉื‘ื ื• ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื“ืจื•ืช ืคืื•ืœื™ืกื˜ื”
15:58
in Sรฃo Paulo, together.
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ื‘ืกืื• ืคืื•ืœื•.
16:00
Hooked it up to my laptop,
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ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชื” ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ ืฉืœื™,
16:02
and within about five minutes he had penetrated
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ื•ืชื•ืš ื›ื—ืžืฉ ื“ืงื•ืช ื—ื“ืจ
16:05
the computer security system
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ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืื‘ื˜ื—ื”
16:07
of a major Brazilian bank.
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ืฉืœ ื‘ื ืง ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœืื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
16:10
It's really not that difficult.
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ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ืžืกื•ื‘ืš.
16:12
And it's actually much easier because
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ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืืžืช, ื–ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžืื•ื“,
16:15
the fascinating thing about cybercrime
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืžืคืชื— ืœืคืฉืข ื”ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ
16:17
is that it's not so much the technology.
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ื”ื•ื ืœืื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
16:21
The key to cybercrime is what we call social engineering.
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ืืœื ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืžื›ื ื™ื "ื”ื ื“ืกื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช".
16:25
Or to use the technical term for it,
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ื•ืื ื ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื•ื ื— ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™,
16:27
there's one born every minute.
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ืื—ื“ ื›ื–ื” ื ื•ืœื“ ื›ืœ ื“ืงื”...
16:30
You would not believe how easy it is
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ืœื ืชืืžื™ื ื• ื›ืžื” ืงืœ
16:33
to persuade people to do things with their computers
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ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ืขื ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื
16:36
which are objectively not in their interest.
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ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
16:39
And it was very soon
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ื•ื”ืคื•ืฉืขื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœืžื“ื• ืžื”ืจ ืžืื•ื“
16:41
when the cybercriminals learned that the quickest way to do this,
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ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื–ืืช,
16:43
of course, the quickest way to a person's wallet
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ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืืจื ืงื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื
16:47
is through the promise of sex and love.
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ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกืงืก ื•ืื”ื‘ื”.
16:50
I expect some of you remember the ILOVEYOU virus,
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ื—ืœืงื›ื ื•ื“ืื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืืช ื•ื™ืจื•ืก ื”-"ืื ื™-ืื•ื”ื‘-ืื•ืชืš",
16:53
one of the very great worldwide viruses that came.
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ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื•ื™ืจื•ืกื™ื ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
16:57
I was very fortunate when the ILOVEYOU virus came out,
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ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืจ ืžื–ืœ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื™ืจื•ืก ืฉืœ ILOVEYOU ื”ื•ืคืฅ.
17:00
because the first person I received it from
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ื”ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ืžืžื ื•
17:03
was an ex-girlfriend of mine.
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ื”ื™ื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื™ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ.
17:05
Now, she harbored all sorts of sentiments and emotions towards me at the time,
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ื‘ื–ืžื ื• ื”ื™ื• ืœื” ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื ื˜ื™ื ื•ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™,
17:10
but love was not amongst them.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื”ื‘ื” ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืื—ืช ืžื”ื.
17:12
(Laughter)
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[ืฆื—ื•ืง]
17:14
And so as soon as I saw this drop into my inbox,
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ื•ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืชื™ื‘ืช ื”ื“ื•ืืจ ื”ื ื›ื ืก ืฉืœื™
17:18
I dispatched it hastily to the recycle bin
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ืฉืœื—ืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืกืœ ื”ืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ,
17:21
and spared myself a very nasty infection.
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ื•ื—ืกื›ืชื™ ืžืขืฆืžื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืงื” ื ื‘ื–ื™ืช.
17:26
So, cybercrime, do watch out for it.
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ืื ื›ืš, ื”ืฉืžืจื• ื•ื”ื–ื”ืจื• ืžื”ืคืฉืข ื”ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ.
17:30
One thing that we do know that the Internet is doing
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ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
17:32
is the Internet is assisting these guys.
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ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœื—ื‘ืจ'ื” ื”ืืœื”.
17:35
These are mosquitos who carry the malarial parasite
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ืืœื• ื”ื ื™ืชื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืืช ื˜ืคื™ืœ ื”ืžืœืจื™ื”
17:38
which infests our blood when the mosy has had a free meal
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ืฉืžื–ื”ื ืืช ื”ื“ื ืฉืœื ื• ื›ืฉื”ื™ืชื•ืฉ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืจื•ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื
17:42
at our expense.
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ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื ื•.
17:44
Now, Artesunate is a very effective drug
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ืืจื˜ืกื•ื ืื˜ ื”ื™ื ืชืจื•ืคื” ื™ืขื™ืœื” ืžืื•ื“
17:47
at destroying the parasite in the early days
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ืœื—ื™ืกื•ืœ ื”ื˜ืคื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื
17:50
of infection.
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ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ื“ื‘ืงื”.
17:52
But over the past year or so,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”
17:54
researchers in Cambodia have discovered
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ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืงืžื‘ื•ื“ื™ื” ื’ื™ืœื•
17:57
that what's happening is
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ืฉื˜ืคื™ืœื™ ื”ืžืœืจื™ื”
18:00
the malarial parasite is developing a resistance.
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ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืช.
18:03
And they fear that the reason why it's developing a resistance
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ื•ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื
18:06
is because Cambodians can't afford the drugs on the commercial market,
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ืฉื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื•ืช ืžื“ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืงืžื‘ื•ื“ื™ื,
18:10
and so they buy it from the Internet.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื ืจื•ื›ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื“ืจืš ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜.
18:13
And these pills contain only low doses
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ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืืœื” ืžื›ื™ืœื•ืช ืžื™ื ื•ื ื™ื ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื
18:15
of the active ingredient.
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ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืคืขื™ืœ.
18:17
Which is why
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ื•ืขืงื‘ ื–ืืช
18:19
the parasite is beginning to develop a resistance.
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ื”ื˜ืคื™ืœื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืคืชื— ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืช.
18:23
The reason I say this
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ืื ื™ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ื–ืืช
18:25
is because we have to know
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ
18:27
that organized crime
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ืฉื”ืคืฉืข ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ
18:29
impacts all sorts of areas of our lives.
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ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื•.
18:32
You don't have to sleep with prostitutes
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ื’ื ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืืฆืœ ื–ื•ื ื•ืช
18:35
or take drugs
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ืื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืกืžื™ื
18:37
in order to have a relationship with organized crime.
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ื”ืคืฉืข ื”ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•.
18:39
They affect our bank accounts.
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ื”ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ืง ืฉืœื ื•.
18:41
They affect our communications, our pension funds.
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ื”ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืฉืœื ื•, ืขืœ ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ืฉืœื ื•.
18:43
They even affect the food that we eat
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ื”ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•
18:47
and our governments.
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ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
18:49
This is no longer an issue
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ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืจืง
18:52
of Sicilians from Palermo and New York.
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ื‘ืกื™ืฆื™ืœื™ืื ื™ื ืžืคืœืจืžื• ื•ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง.
18:55
There is no romance involved with gangsters
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ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืจื•ืžื ื˜ื™ืงื” ื‘ืื ืฉื™ ื”ื›ื ื•ืคื™ื•ืช
18:58
in the 21st Century.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื” ื”-21.
19:00
This is a mighty industry,
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืขื ืง
19:03
and it creates instability and violence
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื™ื™ืฆืจืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืืœื™ืžื•ืช
19:06
wherever it goes.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืืœื™ื• ื”ื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื”.
19:08
It is a major economic force
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ื–ื”ื• ื›ื•ื— ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืขืฆื•ื
19:10
and we need to take it very, very seriously.
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ื•ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื• ื‘ื›ื•ื‘ื“ ืจืืฉ.
19:14
It's been a privilege talking to you.
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืœืขื•ื ื’ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื.
19:16
Thank you very much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
19:18
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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