Misha Glenny investigates global crime networks

138,506 views ใƒป 2009-09-14

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Seokjun Kim ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jungwoo Jin
00:12
These are grim economic times,
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๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
fellow TEDsters, grim economic times indeed.
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TED๋ฐฉ์ฒญ๊ฐ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์ •๋ง ํž˜๋“  ์‹œ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
And so, I would like to cheer you up
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์‘์›์‚ผ์•„
00:21
with one of the great, albeit largely unknown,
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20๋…„ ์ „์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋˜
00:24
commercial success stories
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๋„๋ฆฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€์ง„ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
00:26
of the past 20 years.
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์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์—… ์„ฑ๊ณต ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์ข€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
Comparable, in its own very peculiar way,
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์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์•„์ฃผ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์„ฑ๊ณต ๊ณผ์ •์€
00:31
to the achievements of Microsoft or Google.
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๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ๊ธ€์— ๊ฒฌ์ค„ ๋งŒํผ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
And it's an industry which has bucked the current recession
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๋˜ ์ด๋“ค์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์นจ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์•„์ฃผ ์นจ์ฐฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ
00:37
with equanimity.
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๊ทน๋ณตํ•ด์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
I refer to organized crime.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์กฐ์ง๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
Now organized crime has been around
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๋ชจ๋‘๋“ค ์•Œ๊ณ ๊ณ„์‹  ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์กฐ์ง๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋Š”
00:44
for a very long time, I hear you say,
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์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋™์•ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์ฃผ์œ„์— ์กด์žฌํ•ด ์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
and these would be wise words, indeed.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค๋กœ ํƒ€๋‹นํ•œ ๋ง์”€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
But in the last two decades,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ตœ๊ทผ 20๋…„ ์‚ฌ์ด์—
00:52
it has experienced an unprecedented expansion,
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์ด๋“ค์€ ์ „๋ก€์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ์—… ํ™•์žฅ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
now accounting for roughly 15 percent
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์„ธ๊ณ„ GDP์˜
00:59
of the world's GDP.
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์•ฝ 15ํผ์„ผํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
I like to call it the Global Shadow Economy,
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์ „ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ตฐ์š”.
01:04
or McMafia, for short.
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์ค„์ด์ž๋ฉด ๋งฅ๋งˆํ”ผ์•„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
So what triggered this extraordinary growth
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์กฐ์ง์˜
01:10
in cross-border crime?
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๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ์„๊นŒ์š”?
01:12
Well, of course, there is globalization,
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์˜ˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์„ธ๊ณ„ํ™”
01:14
technology, communications, all that stuff,
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๊ธฐ์ˆ , ํ†ต์‹ , ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
01:17
which we'll talk about a little bit later.
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์ž ์‹œ ํ›„์— ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ค„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
But first, I would like to take you back
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๊ทธ์ „์— ์šฐ์„ , ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ
01:23
to this event:
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๋Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
the collapse of communism.
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๊ณต์‚ฐ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ๋ถ•๊ดด.
01:27
All across Eastern Europe, a most momentous episode
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์ „ํ›„ ์—ญ์‚ฌ ์†์—์„œ ๋™์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ‹€์–ด
01:31
in our post-war history.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
Now it's time for full disclosure.
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์ž ์ข€ ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”.
01:36
This event meant a great deal to me personally.
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์ œ๊ฒŒ ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ํฐ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
I had started smuggling books across the Iron Curtain
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ 10๋Œ€์ด๋˜ ์‹œ์ ˆ
01:43
to Democratic opposition groups in Eastern Europe,
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์ฒ ์˜ ์žฅ๋ง‰์„ ๋„˜์–ด
01:45
like Solidarity in Poland,
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ํด๋ž€๋“œ์˜ ์ž์œ ๋…ธ๋™์กฐํ•ฉ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋™์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์•ผ๋‹น์œผ๋กœ
01:47
when I was in my teens.
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๋„์„œ๋ฐ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
I then started writing about Eastern Europe,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋˜ ์ €๋Š” ๋™์œ ๋Ÿฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธ€์„ ์“ฐ๊ฒŒ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
01:53
and eventually I became the BBC's chief correspondent for the region,
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ BBC์˜ ๋™์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์„ ์ž„ ํŠนํŒŒ์›์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
which is what I was doing in 1989.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ 1989๋…„์— ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
And so when 425 million people
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  4์–ต2500๋งŒ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
02:05
finally won the right
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ •๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ• 
02:07
to choose their own governments,
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๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์†์— ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์„๋•Œ,
02:09
I was ecstatic,
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์ „ ์ •๋ง ํ™ฉํ™€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
but I was also a touch worried
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š”
02:14
about some of the nastier things
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๊ทธ ๋ฒฝ๋’ค์— ์ˆจ์–ด์žˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ์•…ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
02:16
lurking behind the wall.
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๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋Š๊ปด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
It wasn't long, for example,
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๊ทธ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜ค๋ž˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„
02:20
before ethnic nationalism
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์œ ๊ณ ์Šฌ๋ผ๋น„์•„์—์„œ
02:22
reared its bloody head
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์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์ ์ธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ฃผ์˜๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„
02:24
in Yugoslavia.
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์ž”์ธํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋‡Œ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋˜ ์ผ ๊ฐ™์€๊ฒƒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:26
And amongst the chaos,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜ผ๋ž€๊ณผ
02:28
amidst the euphoria,
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ํ–‰๋ณตํ•จ ์†์—์„œ
02:30
it took me a little while to understand
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1989๋…„ ์ด์ „
02:32
that some of the people who had wielded power
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๋™์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์ž๋“ค์ด ํ˜๋ช… ์ดํ›„์—๋„ ๊ณ„์†
02:35
before 1989, in Eastern Europe,
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๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
02:39
continued to do so after the revolutions there.
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์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
Obviously there were characters like this.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
But there were also some more unexpected people
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋”์šฑ๋” ๋‹ฌ๊ฐ‘์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
who played a critical role in what was going on in Eastern Europe.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ„ ๋™์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
02:55
Like this character. Remember these guys?
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”?
02:58
They used to win the gold medals in weightlifting
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4๋…„๋งˆ๋‹ค ์—ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ์˜ ์—ญ๋„๋‚˜ ๋ ˆ์Šฌ๋ง ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์—์„œ
03:00
and wrestling, every four years in the Olympics,
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๊ธˆ๋ฉ”๋‹ฌ์„ ๋ชฉ์— ๊ฑธ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
and they were the great celebrities of communism,
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์‚ฌ์น˜์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์‚ถ์„ ์‚ด์•˜๋˜ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
03:06
with a fabulous lifestyle to go with it.
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์‚ฌํšŒ์ฃผ์˜ ์ฒด์ œ ํ•˜์—์„œ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ์œ ๋ช…์ธ์‚ฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
They used to get great apartments in the center of town,
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๋„์‹ฌ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ ,
03:11
casual sex on tap,
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์›ํ• ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์„น์Šค๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
and they could travel to the West very freely,
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์„œ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์œผ๋กœ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:16
which was a great luxury at the time.
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๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ์‚ฌ์น˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
It may come as a surprise, but they played a critical role
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๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด
03:23
in the emergence of the market economy
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๋™์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์‹œ์žฅ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
03:25
in Eastern Europe.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
Or as I like to call them, they are
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์„
03:29
the midwives of capitalism.
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์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ์‚ฐํŒŒ๋“ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
Here are some of those same weightlifters
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ 1989๋…„์˜ ๊ฐœํ˜ ์ดํ›„์˜
03:34
after their 1989 makeover.
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์—ญ๋„์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
Now in Bulgaria --
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์•„๋ฅผ ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”.
03:40
this photograph was taken in Bulgaria --
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์ฐ์€ ์‚ฌ์ง„์œผ๋กœ
03:42
when communism collapsed all over Eastern Europe,
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๋™์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์ „์—ญ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ๋ถ•๊ดดํ• ๋•Œ
03:45
it wasn't just communism;
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ์ € ์‚ฌํšŒ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
03:47
it was the state that collapsed as well.
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ ธ ๋‚ด๋ฆฐ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋œปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
That means your police force wasn't working.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๋ ฅ์ด ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
03:51
The court system wasn't functioning properly.
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๋ฒ•์ •๋˜ํ•œ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
So what was a business man in the brave new world
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๋™์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜๋ผ๋Š” ์‹ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งž์ดํ•ด
03:59
of East European capitalism going to do
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์‚ฌ์—…๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
04:01
to make sure that his contracts would be honored?
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
04:05
Well, he would turn to people who were called, rather prosaically
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์‚ฌํšŒํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋”ฑ๋”ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ
04:08
by sociologists, privatized law enforcement agencies.
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์ผ๋ช… ๋ฒ•์ง‘ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ณ‘์ง‘๋‹จ์—๊ฒŒ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋Œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
We prefer to know them as the mafia.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋งˆํ”ผ์•„๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š”๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
And in Bulgaria, the mafia was soon joined
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋ž˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ๋Š” ์•ฝ ๋งŒ4์ฒœ๋ช…์— ์ด๋ฅด๋Š”
04:19
with 14,000 people
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งˆํ”ผ์•„์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
who were sacked from their jobs in the security services
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ 1989๋…„๊ณผ 1991๋…„ ์‚ฌ์ด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์•ˆ๋ณด์ง์—์„œ
04:25
between 1989 and 1991.
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ํ•ด๊ณ ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:27
Now, when your state is collapsing,
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์ฆ‰, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณ 
04:31
your economy is heading south at a rate of knots,
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๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋น ๋ฅธ์†๋„๋กœ ์ถ”๋ฝํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ
04:34
the last people you want coming on to the labor market
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋…ธ๋™์‹œ์žฅ์— ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“  ๋งŒ์‚ฌ์ฒœ๋ช…์ด๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
04:37
are 14,000 men and women whose chief skills
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์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด
04:40
are surveillance,
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๊ฐ์‹œ,
04:42
are smuggling, building underground networks
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๋ฐ€์ˆ˜, ์ง€ํ•˜์กฐ์ง ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ,
04:45
and killing people.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ด์ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
04:48
But that's what happened all over Eastern Europe.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ „์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
Now, when I was working in the 1990s,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ 1990๋…„๋Œ€ ์ผํ•˜๋˜ ๋‹น์‹œ
04:56
I spent most of the time covering
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์ €๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์œ ๊ณ ์Šฌ๋ผ๋น„์•„์—์„œ์˜
04:59
the appalling conflict in Yugoslavia.
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๋”์ฐํ•œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์„ ์ทจ์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
And I couldn't help notice
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋”์ฐํ•œ ํ•™์‚ด์„
05:04
that the people who were perpetrating the appalling atrocities,
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ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค,
05:08
the paramilitary organizations,
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์ฆ‰ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ค€๊ตฐ์‚ฌ์กฐ์ง๋“ค์ด
05:11
were actually the same people running
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์กฐ์ง ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์‹ ๋””์ผ€์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š”
05:13
the organized criminal syndicates.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
And I came to think that behind the violence
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ํญ๋ ฅ ๋’ค์— ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”
05:20
lay a sinister criminal enterprise.
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์‚ฌ์•…ํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ธฐ์—…์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
And so I resolved to travel around the world
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์ด์— ์ €๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ
05:27
examining this global criminal underworld
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์ง€ํ•˜์— ์ˆจ์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
by talking to policemen,
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๋•Œ๋ก  ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ ,
05:32
by talking to victims, by talking to consumers
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ํฌ์ƒ์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ์ƒํ’ˆ๊ณผ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ
05:35
of illicit goods and services.
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๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
But above all else, by talking to the gangsters themselves.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๊ฐฑ๋“ค์„ ์ง์ ‘ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ทจ์žฌํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
And the Balkans was a fabulous place to start.
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๋ฐœ์นธ ๋ฐ˜๋„๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ์ผ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฐธ ์ข‹์€ ์žฅ์†Œ์˜€์ฃ . (์—ญ์ฃผ:์œ ๋Ÿฝ ๋‚จ๋™๋ถ€์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋„๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์•Œ๋ฐ”๋‹ˆ์•„, ๋ณด์Šค๋‹ˆ์•„ ํ—ค๋ฅด์ฒด๊ณ ๋น„๋‚˜, ์ฝ”์†Œ๋ณด, ํ„ฐํ‚ค ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค)
05:45
Why? Well of course
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์™œ์ผ๊นŒ์š”? ๋ฌผ๋ก ,
05:47
there was the issue of law and order collapsing,
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์งˆ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
but also, as they say in the retail trade,
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๋ฟ๋งŒ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ด๊ณณ์€ ์†Œ๋งค ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์—
05:51
it's location, location, location.
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์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
And what I noticed at the beginning of my research
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์ด ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ €๋Š”
05:57
that the Balkans had turned into a vast transit zone
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๋ฐœ์นธ๋ฐ˜๋„๊ฐ€ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ์ƒํ’ˆ๊ณผ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜
06:02
for illicit goods and services coming from all over the world.
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ํ†ตํ–‰์ง€์—ญ์ด ๋˜์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
Heroin, cocaine,
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ํ—ค๋กœ์ธ, ์ฝ”์นด์ธ,
06:07
women being trafficked into prostitution
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๋งค์ถ˜์œผ๋กœ ํŒ”๋ ค์˜จ ์—ฌ์ž๋“ค,
06:10
and precious minerals.
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๊ท€๊ธˆ์†,
06:12
And where were they heading?
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ”๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
06:14
The European Union, which by now
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—ฐํ•ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹œ์— ์ด๋ฏธ ์„ธ๊ณ„ํ™”์˜
06:16
was beginning to reap the benefits of globalization,
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๋‹จ๋ง›์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
06:20
transforming it into
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์  ์ƒํ’ˆ๊ณผ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋“ค์ด
06:22
the most affluent consumer market in history,
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์†Œ๋น„์ž ์‹œ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
eventually comprising some 500 million people.
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ๊ทธ 5์–ต๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค(์—ญ์ฃผ:์‚ฌํšŒ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ๋ถ•๊ดด๋œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ)๋„ ์ด ์‹œ์žฅ์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
And a significant minority
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์ด๋“ค 5์–ต๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์ค‘
06:31
of those 500 million people
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๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ž๋“ค์€
06:33
like to spend some of their leisure time and spare cash
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋‚จ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋ˆ์„
06:36
sleeping with prostitutes,
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๋งค์ถ˜๋ถ€๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ,
06:38
sticking 50 Euro notes up their nose
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50์œ ๋กœ์งœ๋ฆฌ ์ง€ํ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋“ค ๋ˆˆ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ง‘์–ด๋˜์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
and employing illegal migrant laborers.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ• ์ด๋ฏผ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์„ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
Now, organized crime in a globalizing world
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์ด์ œ ์„ธ๊ณ„ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์กฐ์ง ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋Š”
06:48
operates in the same way as any other business.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ์—…์ฒด๋“ค๊ณผ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์›€์ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
It has zones of production,
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์ƒ์‚ฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
like Afghanistan and Columbia.
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์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„์ด๋‚˜ ์ฝœ๋Ÿผ๋น„์•„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
06:56
It has zones of distribution,
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์œ ํ†ต์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
like Mexico and the Balkans.
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๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”๋‚˜ ๋ฐœ์นธ๋ฐ˜๋„๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
And then, of course, it has zones of consumption,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์†Œ๋น„์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
like the European Union, Japan
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—ฐํ•ฉ์ด๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ณธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์—
07:07
and of course, the United States.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
The zones of production and distribution
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ž์™€ ์œ ํ†ต์ž๋Š”
07:13
tend to lie in the developing world,
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ๋“ค์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
and they are often threatened by appalling violence
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ข…์ข… ๋”์ฐํ•œ ํญ๋ ฅ์ด๋‚˜
07:20
and bloodshed.
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์œ ํ˜ˆ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ณ ํ†ต๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
Take Mexico, for example.
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๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ฃ .
07:24
Six thousand people killed there in the last 18 months
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์ตœ๊ทผ 18๊ฐœ์›”๋™์•ˆ 6์ฒœ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
07:28
as a direct consequence of the cocaine trade.
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์ฝ”์นด์ธ ๋ฌด์—ญ๊ณผ ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋˜์–ด ์ฃฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
But what about the Democratic Republic of Congo?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ฝฉ๊ณ  ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ์„ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
07:36
Since 1998, five million people have died there.
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1998๋…„ ์ดํ›„๋กœ 5๋ฐฑ๋งŒ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
It's not a conflict you read about much in the newspapers,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋‰ด์Šค์ง€์ƒ์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ๋‚˜์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
07:44
but it's the biggest conflict on this planet
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์ด๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ œ2์ฐจ๋Œ€์ „ ์ดํ›„๋กœ
07:47
since the Second World War.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
And why is it? Because mafias from all around the world
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด์งธ์„œ์ผ๊นŒ์š”? ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋งˆํ”ผ์•„๊ฐ€
07:52
cooperate with local paramilitaries
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์ค€๊ตฐ์‚ฌ์กฐ์ง๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ
07:55
in order to seize the supplies
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์ด ์ง€์—ญ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
07:58
of the rich mineral resources
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ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ๊ด‘๋ฌผ์ž์›์„ ์†์— ๋„ฃ์œผ๋ ค
08:00
of the region.
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ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
In the year 2000, 80 percent of the world's coltan
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2000๋…„ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ฝœํƒ„์˜ 80ํผ์„ผํŠธ๊ฐ€
08:06
was sourced to the killing fields
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์ฝฉ๊ณ  ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ์˜ ๋™์ชฝ
08:08
of the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ํ‚ฌ๋งํ•„๋“œ์—์„œ ์ฒด์ทจ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
Now, coltan you will find in almost every mobile phone,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ด ์ฝœํƒ„์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ๊ณผ
08:16
in almost every laptop
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๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ,
08:18
and games console.
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๊ฒŒ์ž„๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
The Congolese war lords were selling this stuff to the mafia
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์ฝฉ๊ณ ์˜ ํ•œ ์žฅ๊ตฐ์ด ์ด ์ž์›๋“ค์„
08:23
in exchange for weapons,
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๋ฌด๊ธฐ์™€ ๋งž๋ฐ”๊ฟ” ๋งˆํ”ผ์•„์—๊ฒŒ ํŒ”์•„ ๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:25
and the mafia would then sell it on to Western markets.
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๋งˆํ”ผ์•„๋Š” ์ด ์ž์›๋“ค์„ ์„œ์–‘ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ํŒ”์•˜๊ตฌ์š”.
08:29
And it is this Western desire
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„œ์–‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
08:31
to consume
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์ด๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์„œ ์•ˆ๋‹ฌ์ด ๋‚˜์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ์˜€์ฃ .
08:33
that is the primary driver
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค์˜
08:36
of international organized crime.
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์ฃผ์ž๊ธˆ์›์„ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
Now, let me show you some of my friends in action,
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์ž ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜ ํ•œ์ฐธ ํ™œ๋™์ค‘์ธ ์ œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด
08:43
caught conveniently on film by the Italian police,
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์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ทผ์ ‘ ์ดฌ์˜๋œ ์žฅ๋ฉด์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด์„œ
08:46
and smuggling duty-not-paid cigarettes.
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ํƒˆ์„ธ ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ ๋ฐ€์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
Now, cigarettes out the factory gate are very cheap.
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์ž, ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ ๊ทธ์ž์ฒด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ €๋ ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
The European Union then imposes the highest taxes on them in the world.
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—ฐํ•ฉ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๊ด€์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ์— ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
So if you can smuggle them into the E.U.,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ€์ˆ˜ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:59
there are very handsome profits to be made,
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์•„์ฃผ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ์ด์ต์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
and I want to show you this to demonstrate
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋“ค ์กฐ์ง๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์ž์›์— ์†์„ ๋Œ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
09:04
the type of resources available to these groups.
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์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
This boat is worth one million Euros when it's new.
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์ด ๋ฐฐ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ์œ ๋กœ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
And it's the fastest thing on European waters.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:15
From 1994, for seven years,
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1994๋…„ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 7๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
09:18
20 of these boats
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณดํŠธ 20์ฒ™์€
09:20
made the trip across the Adriatic,
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๋งค์ผ๋ฐค ์•„๋“œ๋ฆฌ์•„ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ
09:23
from Montenegro to Italy, every single night.
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๋ชฌํ…Œ๋„ค๊ทธ๋กœ์—์„œ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋‹ค๋…”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
And as a consequence of this trade,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ
09:28
Britain alone lost eight billion dollars in revenue.
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์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ๋งŒ 80์–ต๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ์„ธ๊ธˆ์ด ์†์‹ค๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
And instead that money went to underwrite the wars in Yugoslavia
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๋Œ€์‹  ์ด ๋ˆ์€ ์œ ๊ณ ์Šฌ๋ผ๋น„์•„์˜ ์ „์Ÿ์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์“ฐ์ด๊ณ ,
09:37
and line the pockets of unscrupulous individuals.
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๋ถ€๋„๋•์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
Now Italian police, when this trade started,
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์ด๋“ค์ด ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ ๋ฐ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋•Œ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
09:44
had just two boats which could go at the same speed.
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์ด๋“ค ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์žก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๋ผ๊ณค ๊ณ ์ž‘ ๋‘์ฒ™๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
And this is very important, because the only way you can catch these guys
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์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ๊ฒƒ์€, ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ฒดํฌํ•  ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
09:50
is if they run out of gas.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์†Œ๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฐ–์—๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
Sometimes the gangsters would bring with them
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๊ฐฑ๋“ค์€ ์ธ์‹ ๋งค๋งค๋กœ ํŒ”๋ฆฐ ๋งค์ถ˜๋ถ€๋“ค์„
09:55
women being trafficked into prostitution,
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฐ๋ ค์˜ค๊ณค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
and if the police intervened, they would hurl
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜น์‹œ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
10:00
the women into the sea
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์ด์ž๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ์ž๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ๋‚ด๋˜์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:03
so that the police had to go and save them from drowning,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์€ ์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค์„ ์ซ“์•„๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹จ,
10:05
rather than chasing the bad guys.
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๋ฌผ์— ๋น ์ง„ ์—ฌ์ž๋“ค์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
So I have shown you this to demonstrate
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์ž ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ณดํŠธ๊ฐ€,
10:12
how many boats, how many vessels it takes
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฐ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์žก์œผ๋ ค
10:14
to catch one of these guys.
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ํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜์‹ค๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
And the answer is six vessels.
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๋‹ต์€ 6์ฒ™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
And remember, 20 of these speed boats
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20์ฒ™์˜ ๋ณดํŠธ๋“ค์ด
10:21
were coming across the Adriatic
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๋งค์ผ๋ฐค ์•„๋“œ๋ฆฌ์•„ํ•ด๋ฅผ
10:23
every single night.
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๊ฑด๋„Œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋˜๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
10:25
So what were these guys doing with all the money they were making?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
10:29
Well, this is where we come to globalization,
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์„ธ๊ณ„ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋”ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
because that was not just the deregulation of global trade.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์„ธ๊ณ„ํ™”๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฌด์—ญ ์žฅ๋ฒฝ ํ•ด์ฒด๋งŒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
10:36
It was the liberalization of international financial markets.
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ธˆ์œต ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ์ž์œ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
And boy, did that make it easy
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธˆ์œต์˜ ์ž์œ ํ™”๋กœ ๋ง๋ฏธ์•”์•„
10:42
for the money launderers.
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๋ˆ์„ธํƒ์ด ์šฉ์ดํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
The last two decades have been the champagne era
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์ง€๋‚œ 20๋…„๋™์•ˆ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ด๋“์˜ ์ถ•์ œ๋ผ๊ณ 
10:47
for dirty lucre.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
In the 1990s, we saw financial centers around the world
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1990๋…„๋Œ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธˆ์œต๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์ด
10:53
competing for their business,
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์ด์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์‚ฌ์—…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:56
and there was simply no effective mechanism
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—๋Š” ๋ˆ์„ธํƒ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
10:58
to prevent money laundering.
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์ด์šฉํ• ๋งŒํ•œ ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:00
And a lot of licit banks were also happy
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์•„์ฃผ ์ˆ˜์ƒํ•œ ์ถœ์ฒ˜์˜ ์˜ˆ๊ธˆ์ด๋ผ๋„
11:03
to accept deposits
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์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ฌป์ง€์•Š๊ณ 
11:06
from very dubious sources
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์˜ˆ๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜
11:08
without questions being asked.
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์  ์€ํ–‰๋“ค๋„ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
But at the heart of this, is the offshore banking network.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋“ค์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์—๋Š” ์˜คํ”„์‡ผ์–ด ๊ธˆ์œต ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์—ญ์ฃผ:์˜คํ”„์‡ผ์–ด ๊ธˆ์œต์ด๋ž€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์— ์—…๋ฌด์กฐ์ง์„ ๋‘๋Š” ๊ธˆ์œต๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด ๊ตญ์™ธ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ์™ธํ™”์ž๊ธˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์–ด ํƒ€๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์šด์šฉ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค,)
11:15
Now these things
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์ด์ œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€
11:18
are an essential part of the money laundering parade,
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๋ˆ์„ธํƒ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์žŠ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:21
and if you want to do something about illegal tax evasion
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ถˆ๋ฒ• ํƒˆ์„ธ,
11:25
and transnational organized crime, money laundering,
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์ดˆ๊ตญ์  ์กฐ์ง ๋ฒ”์ฃ„, ๋ˆ ์„ธํƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
11:29
you have to get rid of them.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
On a positive note, we at last have someone in the White House
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๋‹คํ–‰์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ๋„, ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฑ์•…๊ด€์—
11:34
who has consistently spoken out
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ์ข€๋จน๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ
11:37
against these corrosive entities.
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์ œ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ธ๋ฌผ์„ ๋‹น์„ ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
And if anyone is concerned about what I believe
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์–ด๋–ค์ด๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ฐ€
11:44
is the necessity for
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ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
11:47
new legislation, regulation, effective regulation,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ž…๋ฒ•, ๊ทœ์น™, ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์กฐ์ • ๊ฐ™์€ ์—…๋ฌด์™€ ๊ด€๊ณ„์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
11:50
I say, let's take a look at Bernie Madoff,
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์ €๋Š” Bernie Madoff ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
who is now going to be spending the rest of his life in jail.
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์ผ์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์ฃ .
11:58
Bernie Madoff stole 65 billion dollars.
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Bernie Madoff ๋Š” 650์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ํ›”์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:04
That puts him up there on the Olympus of gangsters
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ฝœ๋กฌ๋น„์•„ ์นด๋ฅดํ…”๊ณผ
12:07
with the Colombian cartels
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์‹ ๋””์ผ€์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
12:09
and the major Russian crime syndicates,
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๊ฐฑ๋“ค์˜ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ‘ธ์Šค ์‹ ์ „์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋„์™€์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
but he did this for decades
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
12:14
in the very heart of Wall Street,
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์›”์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์ค‘์‹ฌ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:16
and no regulator picked up on it.
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์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•๊ธฐ๊ด€๋„ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
So how many other Madoffs are there on Wall Street
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ Madoff์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ธ๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ์›”์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ ํ˜น์€
12:22
or in the city of London,
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๋Ÿฐ๋˜๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋„์‹œ์—
12:24
fleecing ordinary folk
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์„ ๋Ÿ‰ํ•œ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐˆ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ 
12:26
and money laundering?
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๋˜ ๋ˆ์„ ์„ธํƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
12:28
Well I can tell you, it's quite a few of them.
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๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ •๋ง ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์ˆซ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
Let me go on to the 101 of international organized crime now.
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์ž ์ด์ œ ๊ตญ์ œ ์กฐ์ง ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ก ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:36
And that is narcotics. Our second marijuana farm photograph for the morning.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ตœ๋ฉด์ œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„์นจ์— ์ฐ์€ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌํ™”๋‚˜ ๊ณต์žฅ์˜ ๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ์‚ฌ์ง„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
This one, however, is in central British Columbia
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๋ถ€ ์ฝœ๋กฌ๋น„์•„ ์˜๊ตญ๋ น์—์„œ
12:43
where I photographed it.
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์ดฌ์˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
It's one of the tens of thousands
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์ด ๋†์žฅ์€ ์˜๊ตญ๋ น ์ฝœ๋Ÿผ๋น„์•„์˜ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋งŒ
12:47
of mom-and-pop grow-ops in B.C.
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์˜์„ธ ๋Œ€๋งˆ ์ œ๋ฐฐ์ง€ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•˜์ฃ .
12:50
which ensure that over five percent
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์ด ๋Œ€๋งˆ ๋ฌด์—ญ์ด ์ด ์ง€์—ญ GDP์˜
12:53
of the province's GDP is accounted for by this trade.
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5ํผ์„ผํŠธ ์ด์ƒ์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:57
Now, I was taken by inspector Brian Cantera,
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค ์™•๋ฆฝ ๊ธฐ๋งˆ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ ์†Œ์† ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ Brian Cantera ์”จ๊ป˜
13:02
of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police,
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๊ฑด๋‚ด๋ฐ›์€ ์‚ฌ์ง„์œผ๋กœ
13:04
to a cavernous warehouse east of Vancouver
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๋ฐด์ฟ ๋ฒ„์˜ ๋™์ชฝ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™๊ตด ์ฐฝ๊ณ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:06
to see some of the goods which are regularly confiscated
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ํ‰์†Œ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ƒํ’ˆ๋“ค์ด
13:10
by the RCMP
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์••์ˆ˜๋˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
from the smugglers who are sending it,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ฐ€์ˆ˜์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
13:14
of course, down south to the United States
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๋‚จ์ชฝ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:17
where there is an insatiable market
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์†Œ์œ„ B.C. Bud(๋งˆ๋ฆฌํ™”๋‚˜์ข…๋ฅ˜) ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์•ฝ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ
13:19
for B.C. Bud, as it's called,
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๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ๋ง์ด์ฃ 
13:22
in part because it's marketed as organic,
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๊ฐ„ํ˜น ์œ ๊ธฐ๋†ํ’ˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์„ ์ „ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
13:24
which of course goes down very well in California.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„์—์„œ๋Š” ์œ ๊ธฐ๋†ํ’ˆ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ์ž˜ํŒ”๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
13:28
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
13:30
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
13:31
Now, even by the police's admission,
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์ด์ œ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ž…์€
13:34
this makes not a dent in the profits, really,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ์ด๋“ค ๋Œ€ํ˜• ์ˆ˜์ถœ์—…์ž์˜
13:39
of the major exporters.
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์ด์ต์— ๋ณ„๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:41
Since the beginning of globalization,
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์„ธ๊ณ„ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ์ดํ›„๋กœ
13:43
the global narcotics market has expanded enormously.
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์ด ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์ตœ๋ฉด์ œ ์‹œ์žฅ์€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํŒฝ์ฐฝํ•ด์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:47
There has, however, been no concomitant increase
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ, ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๋ ฅ๋„
13:50
in the resources available
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€๋Š”
13:53
to police forces.
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๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:55
This, however, may all be about to change,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ๋˜๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:00
because something very strange is going on.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:02
The United Nations recognized
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์ง€๋‚œ๋‹ฌ UN์€ ์ด์—์•ž์„œ
14:04
earlier this -- it was last month actually --
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์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์—‘์Šคํƒ€์‹œ๊ฐ™์€ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ๋งˆ์•ฝ์˜
14:07
that Canada has become a key area of distribution and production
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์ƒ์‚ฐ์ง€์™€ ์œ ํ†ต์ง€๋กœ์„œ ํฐ ์—ญํ• ์„
14:13
of ecstasy and other synthetic drugs.
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ํ•ด์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:17
Interestingly, the market share
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์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑด ํ—ค๋กœ์ธ๊ณผ ์ฝ”์นด์ธ์˜
14:19
of heroin and cocaine is going down,
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์‹œ์žฅ์ ์œ ์œจ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:22
because the pills are getting ever better at reproducing their highs.
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์•Œ์•ฝ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋งˆ์•ฝ๋“ค์ด ํ™˜๊ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
14:27
Now that is a game changer,
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์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„์ฃผ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ ์ธ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:31
because it shifts production away from the developing world
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์—์„œ
14:35
and into the Western world.
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์„œ๊ตฌ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
14:39
When that happens, it is a trend
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ž, ์„œ๊ตฌ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ
14:41
which is set to overwhelm our policing capacity in the West.
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์••๋„๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
The drugs policy which we've had in place for 40 years
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์ œ ์˜๊ฒฌ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ 40๋…„๋™์•ˆ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ด์˜จ
14:49
is long overdue for a very serious rethink,
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๋งˆ์•ฝ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์žฌ๊ณ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• 
14:54
in my opinion.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ์˜ค๋ž˜์ „์— ์ง€๋‚œ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:56
Now, the recession.
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๋‹ค์‹œ, ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์นจ์ฒด.
14:58
Well, organized crime has already adapted
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์กฐ์ง๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์นจ์ฒด์—
15:00
very well to the recession.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ž˜ ์ ์‘ํ•ด์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:02
Not surprising, the most opportunistic industry
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๋†€๋ž„์ผ๋„ ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฒƒ์ด, ์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ๊ฐ€ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ
15:04
in the whole world.
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๊ธฐํšŒ์ฃผ์˜์ ์ธ ์‚ฐ์—…์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
15:06
And it has no rules to its regulatory system.
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์ด๋“ค์„ ์ œ๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ์†ํ•  ๊ทœ์น™์กฐ์ฐจ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:10
Except, of course, it has two business risks:
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๋‘ ๋ฆฌ์Šคํฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:14
arrest by law enforcement,
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ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ตฌ์†๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:16
which is, frankly, the least of their worries,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ตฌ์†์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ณ„๋กœ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘์— ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๊ธด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:18
and competition from other groups,
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
i.e. a bullet in the back of the head.
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋’ค์—์„œ ์ด์„ ๋งž๋Š”๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€๊ฒƒ ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
15:23
What they've done is they've shifted their operations.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:26
People don't smoke as much dope, or visit prostitutes quite so frequently
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๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ ์นจ์ฒด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์•ฝ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
15:30
during a recession.
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์ž์ฃผ ๋งค์ถ˜๋ถ€๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š์ฃ .
15:32
And so instead, they have invaded financial
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๋Œ€์‹  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ธˆ์œต๊ณผ
15:34
and corporate crime in a big way,
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๊ธฐ์—…์  ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋กœ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋Œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:36
but above all, two sectors,
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๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ถ„์•ผ
15:38
and that is counterfeit goods
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์œ„์กฐ ์ƒํ’ˆ๊ณผ
15:41
and cybercrime.
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์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:43
And it's been terribly successful.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋“ค์€ ๋”์ฐํ• ์ •๋„๋กœ ์„ฑ๊ณก์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:45
I would like to introduce you to Mr. Pringle.
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๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ ํ”„๋ง๊ธ€์Šค๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ตฐ์š”.
15:48
Or perhaps I should say, more accurately, Seรฑor Pringle.
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์ข€๋” ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ธ๋‡จ๋ฅด ํ”„๋ง๊ธ€์Šค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:52
I was introduced to this bit of kit by a Brazilian cybercriminal.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋‹จ์ฒด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด ์ž‘์€ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:56
We sat in a car on the Avenue Paulista
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒํŒŒ์šธ๋ฃจ์˜ ํŒŒ์šธ๋ฆฌ์Šคํƒ€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š”
15:58
in Sรฃo Paulo, together.
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์ฐจ์— ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์•‰์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:00
Hooked it up to my laptop,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ ๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ์— ์ด ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:02
and within about five minutes he had penetrated
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5๋ถ„ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜์ž
16:05
the computer security system
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ ๋Œ€ํ˜• ์€ํ–‰์˜
16:07
of a major Brazilian bank.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋ณด์•ˆ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ํ•ดํ‚นํ•ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:10
It's really not that difficult.
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์ด๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋ ต์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:12
And it's actually much easier because
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์•„๋‹ˆ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์‚ฌ์‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:15
the fascinating thing about cybercrime
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์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์ ์€
16:17
is that it's not so much the technology.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
16:21
The key to cybercrime is what we call social engineering.
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์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ ์—ด์‡ ๋Š” ํ”ํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ณตํ•™์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:25
Or to use the technical term for it,
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์ข€ ๋” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
16:27
there's one born every minute.
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๋ฐ”๋ณด๋Š” 1๋ถ„๋งˆ๋‹ค ํ•œ๋ช…์”ฉ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ . (์—ญ์ฃผ:๋ฐ”๋ณด๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ์ •๋„์˜ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ)
16:30
You would not believe how easy it is
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋กœ
16:33
to persuade people to do things with their computers
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๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์ด์ต๋„ ์•ˆ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ผ๋“ค์„ ํ•˜๋„๋ก
16:36
which are objectively not in their interest.
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์„ค๋“ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์‰ฌ์šด์ผ์ธ์ง€
16:39
And it was very soon
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค์ด
16:41
when the cybercriminals learned that the quickest way to do this,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์Šต๋“ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šฐ์‹ค๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:43
of course, the quickest way to a person's wallet
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ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ง€๊ฐ‘์„ ํ„ธ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
16:47
is through the promise of sex and love.
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์„น์Šค์™€ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์„ ์•ฝ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
16:50
I expect some of you remember the ILOVEYOU virus,
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๋ช‡๋ช‡๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์•„๋งˆ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์ค‘์— ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ
16:53
one of the very great worldwide viruses that came.
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'I-Love-You' ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ค๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:57
I was very fortunate when the ILOVEYOU virus came out,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ 'I-Love-You' ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์— ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์„๋• ์•„์ฃผ ์šด์ด ์ข‹์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์—ญ์ฃผ:๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜ ์ผ์ข…์œผ๋กœ e-mail์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํญ๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํŒŒ๋˜์—ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.)
17:00
because the first person I received it from
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€ ์ƒ๋Œ€๊ฐ€
17:03
was an ex-girlfriend of mine.
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ํ—ค์–ด์ง„ ์—ฌ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ ์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
17:05
Now, she harbored all sorts of sentiments and emotions towards me at the time,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋‹น์‹œ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ์ •๊ณผ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ’ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
17:10
but love was not amongst them.
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘์ด ๊ทธ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:12
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
17:14
And so as soon as I saw this drop into my inbox,
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์ „ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ›์€ํŽธ์ง€ํ•จ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ํ™”์ผ์„ ๋ณด์ž๋งˆ์ž
17:18
I dispatched it hastily to the recycle bin
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์žฌ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ํœด์ง€ํ†ต์œผ๋กœ ์‚ญ์ œํ–ˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
17:21
and spared myself a very nasty infection.
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์ด ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ์—ผ์„ ๋ฉดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:26
So, cybercrime, do watch out for it.
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์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:30
One thing that we do know that the Internet is doing
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ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
17:32
is the Internet is assisting these guys.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค์„ ๋•๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:35
These are mosquitos who carry the malarial parasite
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋ณ‘๊ท ์„ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ชจ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:38
which infests our blood when the mosy has had a free meal
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋นจ๋ฉด์„œ,
17:42
at our expense.
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๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์—ผ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:44
Now, Artesunate is a very effective drug
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์•„๋ฅดํ…Œ์ˆ˜๋„ค์ดํŠธ๋Š” ๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„์— ์•„์ฃผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์•ฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:47
at destroying the parasite in the early days
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์–ผ๋งˆ์ „๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ณ‘๊ท ๋“ค์„
17:50
of infection.
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ํŒŒ๊ดด์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ํƒ์›”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:52
But over the past year or so,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž‘๋…„์ฆˆ์Œํ•ด์„œ
17:54
researchers in Cambodia have discovered
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์บ„๋ณด๋””์•„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€
17:57
that what's happening is
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๋ง๋ผ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์ˆ™์ฃผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”
18:00
the malarial parasite is developing a resistance.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:03
And they fear that the reason why it's developing a resistance
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์บ„๋ณด๋””์•„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
18:06
is because Cambodians can't afford the drugs on the commercial market,
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๋ณดํ†ต์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ์•ฝ์„ ์‚ด ์—ฌ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์—์„œ ์•ฝ์„ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
18:10
and so they buy it from the Internet.
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์ˆ™์ฃผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ์šฐ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:13
And these pills contain only low doses
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•œ ์•ฝ๋“ค์€
18:15
of the active ingredient.
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ํ•ต์‹ฌ์„ฑ๋ถ„์˜ ์†Œ๋Ÿ‰๋งŒ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:17
Which is why
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
18:19
the parasite is beginning to develop a resistance.
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์ˆ™์ฃผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:23
The reason I say this
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ๋“ค์„
18:25
is because we have to know
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:27
that organized crime
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์ด ์กฐ์ง ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋Š”
18:29
impacts all sorts of areas of our lives.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ์—๋„ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:32
You don't have to sleep with prostitutes
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์กฐ์งํ™”๋œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์™€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งบ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
18:35
or take drugs
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๊ผญ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งค์ถ˜๋ถ€์™€ ์ž”๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
18:37
in order to have a relationship with organized crime.
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๋งˆ์•ฝ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:39
They affect our bank accounts.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์€ํ–‰ ๊ณ„์ขŒ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ ,
18:41
They affect our communications, our pension funds.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ†ต์‹ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ธˆ์„ ์Šต๊ฒฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:43
They even affect the food that we eat
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋จน๋Š” ์Œ์‹๊ณผ
18:47
and our governments.
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์ •๋ถ€๋งˆ์ €๋„ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋‘์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:49
This is no longer an issue
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋”์ด์ƒ
18:52
of Sicilians from Palermo and New York.
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ํŒ”๋ ˆ๋ฅด๋ชจ์—์„œ ์˜จ ๋‰ด์š•์˜ ์‹œ์น ๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ๋“ค ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์—ญ์ฃผ:๋Œ€๋ถ€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜ํ™”์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๋งˆํ”ผ์•„๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•จ)
18:55
There is no romance involved with gangsters
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21์„ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฐฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
18:58
in the 21st Century.
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๋”์ด์ƒ ๋‚ญ๋งŒ ๊ฐ™์€๊ฒƒ์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:00
This is a mighty industry,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์‚ฐ์—…์ด๊ณ 
19:03
and it creates instability and violence
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ณณ๋งˆ๋‹ค
19:06
wherever it goes.
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ํ˜ผ๋ž€๊ณผ ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:08
It is a major economic force
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์กฐ์ง๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ฅ˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์—์„œ ํฐ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:10
and we need to take it very, very seriously.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ •๋ง ์ง„์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:14
It's been a privilege talking to you.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์˜๊ด‘์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:16
Thank you very much.
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๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:18
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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