Chris Anderson: How YouTube is driving innovation

236,376 views ใƒป 2010-09-14

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Yubal Masalker ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:15
If nothing else, at least I've discovered
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ืื ืœื ื™ื™ืฆื ืžื–ื” ื›ืœื•ื, ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœืžื“ืชื™
00:18
what it is we put our speakers through:
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ืžื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืจืฆื™ื ื›ืืŸ:
00:20
sweaty palms, sleepless nights,
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ื›ืคื•ืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืžื–ื™ืขื•ืช, ืœื™ืœื•ืช ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื”,
00:23
a wholly unnatural fear of clocks.
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ืคื—ื“ ืžืฉืขื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ืœ ื›ื•ืœื• ืžื•ื–ืจ.
00:26
I mean, it's quite brutal.
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื–ื” ื“ื™ ืื›ื–ืจื™.
00:29
And I'm also a little nervous about this.
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ื’ื ืื ื™ ืงืฆืช ืขืฆื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื”.
00:33
There are nine billion humans coming our way.
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ื™ืฉ 9 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืชื ื•.
00:36
Now, the most optimistic dreams
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ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื•ืจื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
00:38
can get dented by the prospect
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ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื ืคืฅ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืชื—ื–ื™ืช
00:41
of people plundering the planet.
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ื”ืžื ื‘ืืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื–ื–ื™ื ืืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘-ื”ืœื›ืช.
00:44
But recently, I've become intrigued
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ืชืคืกื” ืื•ืชื™
00:47
by a different way of thinking of large human crowds,
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ืฆื•ืจืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืขืœ ืงื”ืœื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื
00:50
because there are circumstances
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช
00:52
where they can do something really cool.
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ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืืžืช ืžื’ื ื™ื‘.
00:54
It's a phenomenon that I think
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœืคื™ ื“ืขืชื™
00:56
any organization or individual can tap into.
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ื›ืœ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืื• ืื“ื ืคืจื˜ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ื”.
00:59
It certainly impacted the way we think about TED's future,
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ื–ื” ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ืื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืขืชื™ื“ TED,
01:02
and perhaps the world's future overall.
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ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืขืœ ืขืชื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื›ืœืœ.
01:05
So, let's explore.
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ืื– ื”ื‘ื” ื ื’ืœื”.
01:07
The story starts with just a single person,
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ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืขื ืื“ื ื™ื—ื™ื“,
01:09
a child, behaving a little strangely.
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ื™ืœื“, ื”ืžืชื ื”ื’ ืงืฆืช ืžื•ื–ืจ.
01:13
This kid is known online as Lil Demon.
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ื”ื™ืœื“ ืžื•ื›ืจ ื‘ืจืฉืช ื‘ืฉื ืœื™ืœ ื“ืžื•ืŸ.
01:16
He's doing tricks here, dance tricks,
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ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืฆืข ืคืขืœื•ืœื™ื, ืคืขืœื•ืœื™ ืจื™ืงื•ื“,
01:18
that probably no six-year-old in history ever managed before.
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ืฉืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืืฃ ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืŸ ืฉืฉ ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืขื‘ืจ.
01:21
How did he learn them?
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื•ื ืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื?
01:23
And what drove him to spend the hundreds of hours of practice
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ื•ืžื” ื”ื ื™ืข ืื•ืชื• ืœื”ืชืืžืŸ ืžืื•ืช ืฉืขื•ืช
01:26
this must have taken?
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืจืžื” ื”ื–ื•?
01:28
Here's a clue.
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ื”ื ื” ืจืžื–.
01:30
(Video) Lil Demon: โ™ซ Step your game up. Oh. Oh. โ™ซ
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(ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ) ืœื™ืœ ื“ืžื•ืŸ: โ™ซ ื”ืชื—ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ืฉืœืš. ืื•. ืื•. โ™ซ
01:33
โ™ซ Step your game up. Oh. Oh. โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ื”ืชื—ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ืฉืœืš. ืื•. ืื•. โ™ซ
01:36
Chris Anderson: So, that was sent to me by this man,
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ื›ืจื™ืก ืื ื“ืจืกื•ืŸ: ื–ื” ื ืฉืœื— ืืœื™ ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืื“ื ื–ื”,
01:39
a filmmaker, Jonathan Chu,
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ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืกืจื˜ื™ื, ื’'ื•ื ืชืŸ ืฆ'ื•,
01:41
who told me that was the moment he realized
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ืืฉืจ ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื™ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื’ืข ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืชืคืก
01:43
the Internet was causing dance to evolve.
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ืฉืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื’ื•ืจื ืœืจื™ืงื•ื“ ืœื”ืชืคืชื—.
01:46
This is what he said at TED in February.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ื‘-TED ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ.
01:50
In essence,
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ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ,
01:52
dancers were challenging each other online to get better;
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ืจืงื“ื ื™ื ืื™ืชื’ืจื• ื”ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืจืฉืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืคืจ;
01:54
incredible new dance skills were being invented;
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ื”ื•ืžืฆืื• ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™-ืจื™ืงื•ื“ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื;
01:57
even the six-year-olds were joining in.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ ืฉืฉ ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ.
01:59
It felt like a revolution.
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ื”ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ืžื• ื‘ืžื”ืคื›ื”.
02:01
And so Jon had a brilliant idea:
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ื•ืื– ืœื’'ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื™ืง:
02:04
He went out to recruit the best of the best dancers
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื—ืœ ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืืช ื”ืจืงื“ื ื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื
02:06
off of YouTube
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ืžืชื•ืš ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘
02:08
to create this dance troupe --
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืจื™ืงื•ื“ ื”ื–ื” --
02:11
The League of Extraordinary Dancers, the LXD.
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ื”"ืœื™ื’ื” ืฉืœ ืจืงื“ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™-ื“ื•ืคืŸ", ื” -LXD.
02:14
I mean, these kids were web-taught,
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืœืžื“ื• ืžืชื•ืš ืจืฉืช,
02:16
but they were so good that they got to play at the Oscars this year.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื–ื›ื• ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื˜ืงืก ื”ืื•ืกืงืจ ื”ืฉื ื”.
02:20
And at TED here in February,
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ื•ื‘-TED ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ,
02:22
their passion and brilliance just took our breath away.
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ื”ืชืฉื•ืงื” ื•ื”ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืขืฆืจื” ืืช ื ืฉื™ืžืชื ื•.
02:26
So, this story
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ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื–ื”
02:28
of the evolution of dance
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ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ืจื™ืงื•ื“,
02:30
seems strangely familiar.
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ื ืจืื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ื–ืจ ืžื•ื›ืจ.
02:32
You know, a while after TEDTalks started taking off,
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ื–ืžืŸ ืžื” ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ื‘-TED ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืžืจื™ื,
02:35
we noticed that speakers
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ืฉืžื ื• ืœื‘ ืฉื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื
02:37
were starting to spend a lot more time in preparation.
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ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื”ื›ื ืชืŸ.
02:40
It was resulting in incredible new talks like these two.
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ื–ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉืชื™ ืืœื•.
02:43
... Months of preparation
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....ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ื•ืช
02:45
crammed into 18 minutes,
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ื”ื ื“ื—ืกื™ื ืœ-18 ื“ืงื•ืช,
02:47
raising the bar cruelly for the next generation of speakers,
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ื”ืžืขืœื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื›ื–ืจื™ ืืช ื”ืจืฃ ืœื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื,
02:50
with the effects that we've seen this week.
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ืขื ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข.
02:52
It's not as if J.J. and Jill
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ื–ื” ืœื ืฉื›ืื™ืœื• ื’'ื™ื™.ื’'ื™ื™. ื•ื’'ื™ืœ
02:55
actually ended their talks saying, "Step your game up,"
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ืกื™ื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ืจืฆืืชื ื‘ืื•ืžืจื, "ืชืขืœื• ืืช ื”ืจืžื”,"
02:57
but they might as well have.
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ืืœื ืฉื”ื ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืขืฉื• ื›ืš.
02:59
So, in both of these cases,
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ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•,
03:02
you've got these cycles of improvement,
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ื™ืฉ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืฉืชืคืจื•ืช,
03:04
apparently driven
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ืฉื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื” ืžื•ื–ื ื™ื
03:06
by people watching web video.
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ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืจืฉืช.
03:08
What is going on here?
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ืžื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืงื•ืจื” ื›ืืŸ?
03:10
Well, I think it's the latest iteration of a phenomenon we can call
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ืื ื™ ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื–ื”ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ื”ืขื“ื›ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื›ื ื•ืชื”
03:13
"crowd-accelerated innovation."
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"ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช ืžื•ืืฆืช ืงื”ืœ".
03:17
And there are just three things you need for this thing to kick into gear.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืจืง ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ื—ื•ืฆื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื™ืชืขื•ืจืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ื.
03:20
You can think of them
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ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื
03:22
as three dials on a giant wheel.
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ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื—ื•ื’ื•ืช ืขืœ-ื’ื‘ื™ ื’ืœื’ืœ ืขื ืง.
03:24
You turn up the dials, the wheel starts to turn.
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ืžืกื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื’ื•ืช, ื”ื’ืœื’ืœ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘.
03:27
And the first thing you need is ... a crowd,
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ืื– ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื ื—ื•ืฅ ื”ื•ื .... ืงื”ืœ,
03:30
a group of people who share a common interest.
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ืื•ืกืฃ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ.
03:33
The bigger the crowd,
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ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืงื”ืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
03:35
the more potential innovators there are.
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ื™ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžืฆื™ืื™ื ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื.
03:37
That's important, but actually most people in the crowd
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ื–ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘, ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืงื”ืœ
03:39
occupy these other roles.
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ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.
03:41
They're creating the ecosystem
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ื”ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืืช ืชืคืื•ืจืช ื”ืจืงืข
03:43
from which innovation emerges.
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ืฉืžืžื ื” ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื.
03:46
The second thing you need is light.
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื•ื "ืื•ืจ ื–ืจืงื•ืจื™ื".
03:48
You need clear, open visibility
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ืฆืจื™ืš ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื•ื’ืœื•ื™ื”
03:50
of what the best people in that crowd are capable of,
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ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืงื”ืœ,
03:52
because that is how you will learn
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื–ื• ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“
03:54
how you will be empowered to participate.
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื—ื™ื–ื•ืงื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ.
03:57
And third, you need desire.
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ื•ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ืฆืจื™ืš ืชืฉื•ืงื”.
04:00
You know, innovation's hard work.
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ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืงืฉื”.
04:02
It's based on hundreds of hours of research, of practice.
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ื”ืžืฆืื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืื•ืช ืฉืขื•ืช ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ืื™ืžื•ืŸ.
04:05
Absent desire, not going to happen.
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ืœืœื ืชืฉื•ืงื”, ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ืงืจื”.
04:08
Now, here's an example -- pre-Internet --
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ื”ื ื” ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื”
04:10
of this machine in action.
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ืžืชืงื•ืคื” ื˜ืจื•ื-ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ืช.
04:12
Dancers at a street corner --
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ืจืงื“ื ื™ื ื‘ืคื™ื ืช ืจื—ื•ื‘ --
04:14
it's a crowd, a small one,
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ื™ืฉ ืงื”ืœ ืงื˜ืŸ,
04:16
but they can all obviously see what each other can do.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืžื” ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืขื•ืฉื”.
04:19
And the desire part comes, I guess,
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ื”ื—ืœืง ืฉืœ ื”ืชืฉื•ืงื” ืžื’ื™ืข, ืื ื™ ืžืฉืขืจ,
04:21
from social status, right?
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ืžื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™.
04:23
Best dancer walks tall, gets the best date.
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ื”ืจืงื“ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ืœืš ื’ืื” ื•ื–ืงื•ืฃ, ื–ื•ื›ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื™ื˜ ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘.
04:26
There's probably going to be some innovation happening here.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ื›ืืŸ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื.
04:29
But on the web,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจืฉืช,
04:31
all three dials are ratcheted right up.
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ื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื—ื•ื’ื•ืช ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ.
04:33
The dance community is now global.
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ืงื”ื™ืœืช ื”ืจื™ืงื•ื“ ื”ื™ื ื›ืขืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช.
04:35
There's millions connected.
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ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžืงื•ืฉืจื™ื.
04:37
And amazingly,
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ื•ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ื”ืคืชืขื”,
04:39
you can still see what the best can do,
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื•ืฉื™ื,
04:42
because the crowd itself shines a light on them,
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืงื”ืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืžืื™ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื,
04:45
either directly, through comments, ratings,
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืขืจื•ืช, ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ื™ื,
04:48
email, Facebook, Twitter,
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ืื™-ืžื™ื™ืœ, ืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง, ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืจ,
04:50
or indirectly,
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ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืขืงื™ืคื”,
04:52
through numbers of views,
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื’ื•ืœืฉื™ื,
04:54
through links that point Google there.
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ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉืžืคื ื™ื ืืช ื’ื•ื’ืœ ืœืฉื.
04:56
So, it's easy to find the good stuff,
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ื›ืš ืฉื–ื” ืงืœ ืœืืชืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ื™ื,
04:58
and when you've found it, you can watch it in close-up repeatedly
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ื•ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืžืฆืืชื ืื•ืชื, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ื”ื
05:00
and read what hundreds of people have written about it.
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ืžืงืจื•ื‘ ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืœืงืจื•ื ืžื” ืžืื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืฉื™ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืขืœ ื–ื”.
05:03
That's a lot of light.
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ื–ื” ืฉืคืข ืฉืœ "ืื•ืจ ื–ืจืงื•ืจื™ื".
05:05
But the desire element
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ืื‘ืœ ืืœืžื ื˜ ื”ืชืฉื•ืงื”
05:07
is really dialed way up.
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ืžืžืฉ ืžืงื‘ืœ ื“ื—ื™ืคื” ืœืžืขืœื”.
05:11
I mean, you might just be a kid with a webcam,
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื” ืจืง ื™ืœื“ ืขื ืžืฆืœืžืช ืจืฉืช,
05:14
but if you can do something that goes viral,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืืชื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžื•ืคืฅ ื—ื–ืง ื‘ืจืฉืช,
05:17
you get to be seen by the equivalent
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ืืชื” ืชื–ื›ื” ืฉื™ืจืื• ืื•ืชืš ื›ืžื•
05:19
of sports stadiums crammed with people.
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื“ื•ืžื” ืœืื™ืฆื˜ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืœื ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื.
05:22
You get hundreds of strangers writing excitedly about you.
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ืืชื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืžืžืื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ืš ื‘ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช.
05:25
And even if it's not that eloquent -- and it's not --
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื–ื” ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืจื”ื•ื˜ - ื•ื–ื” ืœื --
05:28
it can still really make your day.
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืœืš ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื.
05:32
So, this possibility
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ืœื›ืŸ, ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื–ื•
05:34
of a new type of global recognition,
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ืฉืœ ืกื•ื’ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืจื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช,
05:37
I think, is driving huge amounts of effort.
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ื›ืš ืื ื™ ืกื‘ื•ืจ, ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื”ืฉืงืขืช ืžืืžืฆื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืื•ื“.
05:41
And it's important to note that it's not just the stars who are benefiting:
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ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืฉื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืฉืžืจื•ื™ื—ื™ื:
05:44
because you can see the best, everyone can learn.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื ืืชื” ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“.
05:47
Also, the system is self-fueling.
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ื›ืžื•-ื›ืŸ, ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื–ื™ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื”.
05:50
It's the crowd that shines the light and fuels the desire,
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ื–ื” ื”ืงื”ืœ ืฉืžืื™ืจ ืืช ืื•ืจ ื”ื–ืจืงื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžืชื“ืœืง ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ืงื”,
05:53
but the light and desire are a lethal one-two combination
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื•ื”ืชืฉื•ืงื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื ืฆื—
05:56
that attract new people to the crowd.
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ื”ืžื•ืฉืš ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืงื”ืœ.
05:59
So, this is a model
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ื–ื”ื• ืžื•ื“ืœ
06:01
that pretty much any organization could use
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ืฉื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืœ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื•
06:03
to try and nurture its own cycle
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืกื•ืช ื•ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœื•
06:05
of crowd-accelerated innovation.
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ืฉืœ ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืืฆืช ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื.
06:08
Invite the crowd, let in the light,
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ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืืช ื”ืงื”ืœ, ื”ื“ืœืง ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ,
06:11
dial up the desire.
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ื”ืคืขืœ ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ืงื”.
06:13
And the hardest part about that is probably the light,
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ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืงืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ื›ื ืจืื” ื”ืื•ืจ,
06:16
because it means you have to open up,
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืคืชื—,
06:18
you have to show your stuff to the world.
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ืขืœื™ืš ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืš ืœืขื•ืœื.
06:23
It's by giving away what you think is your deepest secret
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ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื–ื” ืฉืืชื” ืžื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ื“ ื”ื›ื™ ื›ืžื•ืก ืฉืœืš,
06:26
that maybe millions of people
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ืื•ืœื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื
06:28
are empowered to help improve it.
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ื™ื•ืžืจืฆื• ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื•.
06:30
And, very happily, there's one class of people
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ื•ืœืฉืžื—ืชื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื”, ื™ืฉ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืื—ืช ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื
06:32
who really can't make use of this tool.
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ืฉืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื–ื”.
06:35
The dark side of the web
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ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืืคืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉืช
06:37
is allergic to the light.
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ืืœืจื’ื™ ืœืื•ืจ.
06:39
I don't think we're going to see terrorists, for example,
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ืื™ื ื™ ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืื ื• ื ืจืื” ืžื—ื‘ืœื™ื, ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื,
06:41
publishing their plans online and saying to the world,
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ืžืคืจืกืžื™ื ืืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืจืฉืช ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื,
06:43
"Please, could you help us to actually
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"ืื ื, ื”ืื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื•
06:45
make them work this time?"
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืคืขื ื–ื” ื™ืคืขืœ?"
06:47
But you can publish your stuff online.
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ืื‘ืœ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคืจืกื ืืช ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื‘ืจืฉืช.
06:50
And if you can get that wheel to turn,
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ื•ืื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื’ืœื’ืœ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘,
06:52
look out.
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ืชื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื.
06:54
So, at TED,
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ืืฆืœื ื• ื‘-TED,
06:56
we've become a little obsessed with this idea of openness.
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ื”ืคื›ื ื• ืœืงืฆืช ื›ืคื™ื™ืชื™ื™ื ืขื ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืคืชื™ื—ื•ืช.
06:59
In fact, my colleague, June Cohen, has taken to calling it "radical openness,"
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืขืžื™ืชื™, ื–'ื•ืŸ ื›ื”ืŸ, ื”ื—ืœื” ืœื›ื ื•ืชื• "ืคืชื™ื—ื•ืช ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช",
07:02
because it works for us each time.
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื.
07:05
We opened up our talks to the world,
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ืคืชื—ื ื• ืืช ื”ืจืฆืื•ืชื™ื ื• ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
07:07
and suddenly there are millions of people out there
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ื•ืคืชืื•ื, ื™ืฉ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื
07:09
helping spread our speakers' ideas,
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ื”ืžืกื™ื™ืขื™ื ืœื”ืคื™ืฅ ืืช ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื,
07:11
and thereby making it easier for us
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ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืžืงืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื ื•
07:13
to recruit and motivate the next generation of speakers.
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ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ื•ืœื”ืžืจื™ืฅ ืืช ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจืฆื™ื.
07:16
By opening up our translation program,
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ื‘ืฉืœ ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืชืจื’ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
07:18
thousands of heroic volunteers --
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ืืœืคื™ ืžืชื ื“ื‘ื™ื ื”ืจื•ืื™ื™ื --
07:20
some of them watching online right now, and thank you! --
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ื—ืœืงื ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื ื• ืžืžืฉ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ืจืฉืช, ื•ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื! --
07:23
have translated our talks
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ืชืจื’ืžื• ืืช ื”ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
07:25
into more than 70 languages,
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ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-70 ืฉืคื•ืช,
07:27
thereby tripling our viewership in non-English-speaking countries.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ืœืฉื• ืืช ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืฆื•ืคื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื“ื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ืื ื’ืœื™ืช.
07:30
By giving away our TEDx brand,
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ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืžืกืจื ื• ืืช ืžื•ืชื’ ื”-TEDx ืฉืœื ื•,
07:33
we suddenly have a thousand-plus
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ืคืชืื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืœืฃ
07:36
live experiments in the art of spreading ideas.
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ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืฆืช ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช.
07:39
And these organizers,
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ื•ืžืืจื’ื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•,
07:41
they're seeing each other, they're learning from each other.
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ื”ื ืจื•ืื™ื ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื”, ื”ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื–ื” ืžื–ื”.
07:44
We are learning from them.
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ืื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžื”ื.
07:46
We're getting great talks back from them.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžื”ื ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืช.
07:48
The wheel is turning.
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ื”ื’ืœื’ืœ ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘.
07:50
Okay, step back a minute.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื ืขืฆื•ืจ ืœืจื’ืข.
07:52
I mean, it's really not news for me to tell you
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื–ื” ืœื ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืœื›ื
07:55
that innovation emerges out of groups.
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ืฉื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช.
07:57
You know, we've heard that this week --
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ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืขื ื• ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข --
07:59
this romantic notion of the lone genius
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ืฉื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื•ืžื ื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื’ืื•ืŸ ืžืชื‘ื•ื“ื“
08:01
with the "eureka!" moment that changes the world
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ืขื ืจื’ืข ื”ืงืจื™ืื” "ืžืฆืืชื™!", ืจื’ืข ืฉืžืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื,
08:04
is misleading.
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ื”ื•ื ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื•ืœื™ืš ืฉื•ืœืœ.
08:06
Even he said that, and he would know.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ื–ืืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ื ืจืื” ื™ื•ื“ืข.
08:09
We're a social species.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื.
08:11
We spark off each other.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ื ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™.
08:13
It's also not news
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ื–ื” ื’ื ืœื ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ
08:15
to say that the Internet has accelerated innovation.
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ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื”ืื™ืฅ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื.
08:18
For the past 15 years,
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ื‘-15 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื•,
08:20
powerful communities have been connecting online,
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ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื“ืจืš ื”ืจืฉืช,
08:22
sparking off each other.
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ืžืžืจื™ืฆื•ืช ืื—ืช ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื”.
08:24
If you take programmers,
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ืื ื ื™ืงื— ืืช ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื•ืช,
08:26
you know, the whole open-source movement
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ื›ืœ ื”ื’ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ื“-ืžืงื•ืจ ืคืชื•ื—
08:29
is a fantastic instance of crowd-accelerated innovation.
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ื”ื•ื ืžืงืจื” ืคื ื˜ืกื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช ืžื•ืืฆืช ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื”ืžื•ืŸ.
08:32
But what's key here is,
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ืื‘ืœ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžืคืชื— ื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื,
08:34
the reason these groups have been able to connect
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ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื” ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื•ืช ืœืชืงืฉืจ
08:37
is because their work output is of the type
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ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืžื•ืคืงืช ืขืœ-ื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื›ื–ื•
08:39
that can be easily shared digitally --
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ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืชืคื” ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ --
08:42
a picture, a music file,
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ืชืžื•ื ื”, ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”,
08:45
software.
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ืชื•ื›ื ื”.
08:48
And that's why what I'm excited about,
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžื“ื•ืข ืื ื™ ื›ื” ื ืคืขื,
08:50
and what I think is under-reported,
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื“ื•ื•ื— ืžืกืคื™ืง ื‘ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช,
08:53
is the significance of the rise
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ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืคืจื™ื—ืชื•
08:55
of online video.
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ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื‘ืจืฉืช.
08:57
This is the technology
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืชืืคืฉืจ
09:00
that's going to allow the rest of the world's talents to be shared digitally,
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ืœืฉืชืฃ ื•ืœื—ืœื•ืง ื›ื™ืฉืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™,
09:03
thereby launching a whole new cycle
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ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืชืฉื™ืง ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ ืœื’ืžืจื™
09:05
of crowd-accelerated innovation.
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ืฉืœ ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช ืžื•ืืฆืช ืงื”ืœ.
09:08
The first few years of the web
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ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
09:10
were pretty much video-free,
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ื”ื™ื• ื“ื™ ืฉื—ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ ื•ื™ื“ืื•,
09:12
for this reason: video files are huge; the web couldn't handle them.
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ืžื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืงื‘ืฆื™ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื”ื ืขื ืงื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืจืฉืช ืœื ื™ื›ืœื” ืœืฉืืชื.
09:15
But in the last 10 years,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘-10 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช,
09:17
bandwidth has exploded a hundredfold.
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ืจื•ื—ื‘-ื”ืคืก ื”ืจืงื™ืข ืคื™ ืžืื•ืช.
09:20
Suddenly, here we are.
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ื•ืœืคืชืข ืื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื”.
09:22
Humanity watches 80 million hours of YouTube every day.
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ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ืฆื•ืคื” ื‘-80 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื.
09:25
Cisco actually estimates that, within four years,
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ืกื™ืกืงื• ืžืขืจื™ื›ื” ืฉื‘ืชื•ืš 4 ืฉื ื™ื,
09:28
more than 90 percent of the web's data will be video.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-90 ืื—ื•ื– ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ื•ื™ื“ืื•.
09:32
If it's all puppies, porn and piracy,
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ืื ื”ื›ืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœื‘ืœื‘ื™ื, ืคื•ืจื ื• ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™,
09:34
we're doomed.
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ื ื—ืจืฅ ื’ื•ืจืœื ื•.
09:36
I don't think it will be.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืœื ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื›ืš ื™ื”ื™ื”.
09:38
Video is high-bandwidth for a reason.
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ื™ืฉื ื” ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื•ื™ื“ืื• ืฆื•ืจืš ืจื•ื—ื‘-ืคืก ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
09:41
It packs a huge amount of data,
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ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื™ืœ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ื“ืข,
09:44
and our brains are uniquely wired to decode it.
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ื•ืžื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืžืจื•ืฉืชื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืขื ื— ืื•ืชื•.
09:47
Here, let me introduce you to Sam Haber.
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ื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื›ื ืืฆื™ื’ ืœื›ื ืืช ืกืื ื”ืื‘ืจ.
09:50
He's a unicyclist.
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ื”ื•ื ืจื•ื›ื‘ ืขืœ ื—ื“-ืื•ืคืŸ.
09:52
Before YouTube,
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ืœืคื ื™ ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘,
09:54
there was no way for him to discover
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ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื• ืฉื•ื ื“ืจืš ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืœื•ืช
09:56
his sport's true potential,
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ืืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœื• ื‘ืกืคื•ืจื˜,
09:58
because you can't communicate this stuff in words, right?
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื• ืœื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ื›ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื.
10:01
But looking at video clips posted by strangers,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื• ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ืฉื”ื•ืขืœื• ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื›ื™ืจ,
10:04
a world of possibility opens up for him.
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ื ืคืชื— ื‘ืคื ื™ื• ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื ืฉืœ ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.
10:07
Suddenly, he starts to emulate and then to innovate.
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ืœืคืชืข, ื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื—ืงื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจ-ื›ืš ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื.
10:10
And a global community of unicyclists discover each other online,
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ื•ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืจื•ื›ื‘ื™ ื—ื“-ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื’ืœื™ื ื”ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืจืฉืช,
10:13
inspire each other to greatness.
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ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ื”ืฉืจืื” ืื—ื“ ืœืฉื ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืคืจ.
10:15
And there are thousands of other examples of this happening --
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ื•ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืืœืคื™ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ืฉืงื•ืจื•ืช --
10:18
of video-driven evolution of skills,
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ืฉืœ ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื™ืช ื›ื™ืฉืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื–ื ืช ืžืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ ื•ื™ื“ืื•,
10:20
ranging from the physical to the artful.
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ืฉื˜ื•ื•ื—ื ื ืข ืžื”ืคื™ื–ื™ ืœืืžื ื•ืชื™.
10:23
And I have to tell you,
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ื•ืขืœื™ื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื,
10:25
as a former publisher of hobbyist magazines,
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ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจ ืžื•ืฆื™ื-ืœืื•ืจ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื’ื–ื™ื ื™ ืชื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื,
10:27
I find this strangely beautiful.
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ืื ื™ ืžื•ืฆื ื–ืืช ื™ืคื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ื–ืจ.
10:29
I mean, there's a lot of passion right here on this screen.
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืชืฉื•ืงื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืš ื›ืืŸ.
10:32
But if Rube Goldberg machines
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืจื™ื•ื‘ ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’
10:35
and video poetry aren't quite your cup of tea,
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ื•ืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ื•ื™ื“ืื• ืื™ื ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืืชื ืžืฆื˜ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื•,
10:38
how about this.
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ืžื” ื“ืขืชื›ื ืขืœ ื–ื”?
10:41
Jove is a website
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ื’'ื•ืื•ื• ื”ื•ื ืืชืจ
10:43
that was founded to encourage scientists
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ืฉื”ื•ืงื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืžื“ืขื ื™ื
10:45
to publish their peer-reviewed research
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ืœืคืจืกื ืืช ืžื—ืงืจื™ื”ื ื‘ื•ื™ื“ืื•
10:47
on video.
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ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืขืžื™ืชื™ื”ื.
10:49
There's a problem with a traditional scientific paper.
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ื™ืฉื ื” ื‘ืขื™ื” ืขื ืžืืžืจ ืžื“ืขื™ ืžืกื•ืจืชื™.
10:52
It can take months for a scientist in another lab
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ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื—ืช ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืžื“ืขืŸ ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ืื—ืจืช
10:55
to figure out how to replicate the experiments
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ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืฉื—ื–ืจ ืืช ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื
10:57
that are described in print.
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ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ื‘ืžืืžืจ.
10:59
Here's one such frustrated scientist,
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ื”ื ื” ืžื“ืขืŸ ืื—ื“ ื›ื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืชื•ืกื›ืœ,
11:01
Moshe Pritsker, the founder of Jove.
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ืžืฉื” ืคืจื™ื˜ืกืงืจ, ืžืงื™ื ื’'ื•ืื•ื•.
11:03
He told me that the world is wasting
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ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื™ ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื‘ื–ื‘ื–
11:05
billions of dollars on this.
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ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื”.
11:07
But look at this video.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืกืชื›ืœื• ืขืœ ื”ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื”ื–ื”.
11:09
I mean, look: if you can show
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ืื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช
11:11
instead of just describing,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืชืืจ ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื,
11:13
that problem goes away.
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ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื”ื™ื ื ืขืœืžืช.
11:15
So it's not far-fetched to say
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ื›ืš ืฉื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื•ืžืจ
11:17
that, at some point,
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ืฉืžืชื™ ืฉื”ื•ื,
11:19
online video is going to dramatically accelerate scientific advance.
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ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื‘ืจืฉืช ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ืื™ืฅ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื“ืขื™ืช.
11:23
Here's another example
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ื”ื ื” ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื ื•ืกืคืช
11:25
that's close to our hearts at TED,
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ืฉื”ื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ืœืœื™ื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื‘-TED,
11:27
where video is sometimes more powerful than print --
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ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ื“ืื• ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื—ื–ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ื•ืžืจ ืžื•ื“ืคืก --
11:30
the sharing of an idea.
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ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื.
11:34
Why do people like watching TEDTalks?
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ืžื“ื•ืข ืื ืฉื™ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช TED?
11:37
All those ideas are already out there in print.
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ื›ืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื•ื“ืคืกื™ื ืขืœ ื ื™ื™ืจ.
11:40
It's actually faster to read than to view.
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื™ืจ ืœืงืจื•ื ืžืืฉืจ ืœืฆืคื•ืช.
11:42
Why would someone bother?
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ืื– ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื˜ืจื—?
11:44
Well, so, there's some showing as well as telling.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื’ื ื”ื•ืคืขื” ื›ืžื• ื’ื ื”ืืžื™ืจื”.
11:47
But even leaving the screen out of it,
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืื ื ื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืš,
11:50
there's still a lot more being transferred than just words.
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืžื•ืขื‘ืจ ืžืืฉืจ ืกืชื ืžื™ืœื™ื.
11:53
And in that non-verbal portion, there's some serious magic.
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื—ืœืง ืœื-ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™, ื™ืฉ ืื™ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืงืกื
11:56
Somewhere hidden in the physical gestures,
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ื”ื—ื‘ื•ื™ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืžื—ื•ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืคื ื™ื•ืช,
11:59
the vocal cadence, the facial expressions,
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ื”ืžืงืฆื‘ ื”ืงื•ืœื™, ื”ื‘ืขื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ื,
12:02
the eye contact,
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ืžื’ืข ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื,
12:04
the passion,
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ื”ืชืฉื•ืงื”,
12:06
the kind of awkward, British body language,
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ืžืŸ ืฉืคืช ื’ื•ืฃ ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช, ืžื’ื•ืฉืžืช ื›ื–ื•,
12:09
the sense of how the audience are reacting,
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ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืžืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืงื”ืœ ื•ืขื•ื“.
12:12
there are hundreds of subconscious clues
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ื™ืฉื ื ืžืื•ืช ืจืžื–ื™ื ืชืช-ื”ื›ืจืชื™ื™ื
12:14
that go to how well you will understand,
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ื”ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื›ืžื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื,
12:17
and whether you're inspired --
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ื•ืื ื–ื” ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืืฆืœื ื• ื”ืฉืจืื” --
12:19
light, if you like,
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ืื•ืจ, ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื,
12:21
and desire.
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ื•ืชืฉื•ืงื”.
12:23
Incredibly, all of this can be communicated
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ื•ืžื” ืฉืžื“ื”ื™ื, ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ
12:25
on just a few square inches of a screen.
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืขืœ-ื’ื‘ื™ ืฆื’ ืฉืฉื˜ื—ื• ืžืกืคืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืฉื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ืขื™ื.
12:28
Reading and writing are actually
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ืงืจื™ืื” ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ื”ืŸ ืœืžืขืฉื”
12:30
relatively recent inventions.
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ื”ืžืฆืื•ืช ืžืื•ื—ืจื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ืช.
12:32
Face-to-face communication has been fine-tuned
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ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืคื ื™ื-ืžื•ืœ-ืคื ื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื•ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื™ื™ืง
12:34
by millions of years of evolution.
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื”.
12:36
That's what's made it into this mysterious, powerful thing it is.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืื•ืชื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ ื•ื”ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื.
12:39
Someone speaks,
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจ,
12:41
there's resonance in all these receiving brains,
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ื•ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืชื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืœื˜ื™ื,
12:43
the whole group acts together.
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ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ื™ื—ื“.
12:45
I mean, this is the connective tissue
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืจื™ืงืžื” ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช
12:47
of the human superorganism in action.
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ืฉืœ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช-ื”ืขืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื”.
12:49
It's probably driven our culture for millennia.
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ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื ื™ืขื” ืืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ืžื™ืœื™ื ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื.
12:51
500 years ago, it ran into
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ืœืคื ื™ 500 ืฉื ื™ื, ื”ื™ื ื ืชืงืœื”
12:53
a competitor with a lethal advantage.
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ื‘ืžืชื—ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืžื›ืจื™ืข.
12:55
It's right here.
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ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ื›ืืŸ.
12:57
Print scaled.
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ื”ื“ืคื•ืก ื‘ื ืœืขื•ืœื.
13:00
The world's ambitious innovators and influencers
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ื”ืžืžืฆื™ืื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ืฉืืคืชื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื
13:02
now could get their ideas to spread far and wide,
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ื™ื›ืœื• ื›ืขืช ืœื”ืคื™ืฅ ืืช ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืœื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื,
13:05
and so the art of the spoken word
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ื•ื›ืš ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจืช
13:07
pretty much withered on the vine.
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ื“ื™ ื”ืชื ื•ื•ื ื” ื‘ืขื•ื“ื” ื‘ืื™ื‘ื”.
13:09
But now, in the blink of an eye,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืขืช, ื‘ื”ื™ื ื“ ืขืคืขืฃ,
13:12
the game has changed again.
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ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืฉืชื ื”.
13:14
It's not too much to say
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ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื’ื–ื ืœื•ืžืจ
13:16
that what Gutenberg did for writing,
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ืฉืžื” ืฉื’ื•ื˜ื ื‘ืจื’ ืขืฉื” ืœื›ืชื™ื‘ื”,
13:19
online video can now do for face-to-face communication.
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ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื‘ืจืฉืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืคื ื™ื-ืžื•ืœ-ืคื ื™ื.
13:22
So, that primal medium,
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ื›ืš ืฉืื•ืชื• ืžื“ื™ื•ื ืงื“ืžื•ื ื™,
13:25
which your brain is exquisitely wired for ...
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ืฉืžื•ื—ื ื• ืžืจื•ืฉืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ....
13:28
that just went global.
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ื”ืคืš ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™.
13:31
Now, this is big.
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ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
13:33
We may have to reinvent an ancient art form.
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ืื•ืœื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืช ืืžื ื•ืช ืขืชื™ืงื”.
13:36
I mean, today, one person speaking
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื™ื•ื, ืื“ื ืื—ื“ ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจ,
13:39
can be seen by millions,
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ื• ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ื,
13:42
shedding bright light on potent ideas,
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ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื™ื ืื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื”ืง ืขืœ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืขื ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ,
13:44
creating intense desire
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ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืชืฉื•ืงื” ื—ื–ืงื”
13:46
for learning and to respond --
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ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ --
13:48
and in his case, intense desire to laugh.
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ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื”, ืชืฉื•ืงื” ื—ื–ืงื” ืœืฆื—ื•ืง.
13:52
For the first time in human history,
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ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช,
13:55
talented students
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ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืžื•ื›ืฉืจื™ื
13:57
don't have to have their potential and their dreams
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ืื™ื ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืฉืœื”ื ื•ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื,
14:00
written out of history by lousy teachers.
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ื™ื™ื›ืชื‘ื• ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ื’ืจื•ืขื™ื.
14:03
They can sit two feet in front of the world's finest.
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ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื‘ืช ื—ืฆื™ ืžื˜ืจ ืžื•ืœ ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
14:07
Now, TED is just a small part of this.
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TED ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื—ืœืง ืงื˜ืŸ ืžื›ืœ ื–ื”.
14:10
I mean, the world's universities are opening up their curricula.
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช ืœืขื™ืŸ-ื›ืœ ืืช ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉืœื”ืŸ.
14:13
Thousands of individuals and organizations
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ืืœืคื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ืื™ืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื
14:16
are sharing their knowledge and data online.
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ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ื•ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ.
14:18
Thousands of people are figuring out new ways
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ืืœืคื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื’ืœื™ื ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช
14:20
to learn and, crucially,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“, ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘,
14:22
to respond, completing the cycle.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘, ืœื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืžืขื’ืœ.
14:25
And so, as we've thought about this,
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ื•ื›ืš, ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ืขืœ ื–ื”,
14:28
you know, it's become clear to us
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ื–ื” ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ื•
14:31
what the next stage of TED's evolution has to be.
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ืžื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื‘ื ื‘ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื™ืช TED.
14:34
TEDTalks can't be a one-way process, one-to-many.
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ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช TED ืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื—ื“-ืกื™ื˜ืจื™ -- ืื—ื“-ืœืจื‘ื™ื.
14:37
Our future is many-to-many.
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ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื-ืœืจื‘ื™ื.
14:40
So, we're dreaming of ways
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ื›ืš ืฉืื ื• ื—ื•ืœืžื™ื ืขืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ื
14:42
to make it easier for you, the global TED community,
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ืœื”ืงืœ ืขืœื™ื›ื, ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื™ื™ื” ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ TED,
14:45
to respond to speakers,
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ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืœื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื,
14:47
to contribute your own ideas,
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ืœืชืจื•ื ืืช ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื›ื ืฉืœื›ื,
14:49
maybe even your own TEDTalks,
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ืื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืชืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื›ื ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ื‘-TED,
14:52
and to help shine a light on the very best of what's out there.
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ื•ื›ืš ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื–ืจื•ืช ืื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืฉืงื™ื™ืžื™ื.
14:55
Because, if we can bubble up the very best
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฆื™ืฃ ืžืขืœื” ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
14:57
from a vastly larger pool,
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ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืžืฆื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขื ืงื™ ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ,
14:59
this wheel turns.
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ื”ื’ืœื’ืœ ื”ื–ื” ื™ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘.
15:01
Now, is it possible to imagine
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ
15:04
a similar process to this,
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ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื–ื”
15:06
happening to global education overall?
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ืฉื™ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื›ื•ืœื•?
15:09
I mean, does it have to be this painful,
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืื ื–ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื” ื›ื•ืื‘,
15:11
top-down process?
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ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ืžืœืžืขืœื”-ืœืžื˜ื”?
15:13
Why not a self-fueling cycle
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ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืžื–ื™ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื•
15:16
in which we all can participate?
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ืฉื‘ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ?
15:18
It's the participation age, right?
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ื–ื”ื• ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
15:21
Schools can't be silos.
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ื‘ืชื™-ืกืคืจ ืื™ื ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชืื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื.
15:23
We can't stop learning at age 21.
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ืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื“ื•ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 21.
15:27
What if, in the coming crowd of nine billion ...
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ืžื” ืื, ื‘ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ 9 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื”ืžืชืจื’ืฉ ื•ื‘ื ืขืœื™ื ื•....
15:31
what if that crowd could learn enough
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ืžื” ืื ืื•ืชื• ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืกืคื™ืง
15:34
to be net contributors,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื ืœืจืฉืช,
15:36
instead of net plunderers?
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื–ื– ืืช ื”ืจืฉืช?
15:39
That changes everything, right?
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ื–ื” ืžืฉื ื” ื”ื›ืœ, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
15:41
I mean, that would take more teachers than we've ever had.
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื–ื” ื™ื“ืจื•ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืื™-ืคืขื.
15:44
But the good news is they are out there.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ.
15:46
They're in the crowd,
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ื”ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื”ืžื•ืŸ,
15:48
and the crowd is switching on lights,
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ื•ื”ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžื“ืœื™ืง ืืช ื”ื–ืจืงื•ืจื™ื,
15:50
and we can see them for the first time,
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ื•ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืชื ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื”,
15:52
not as an undifferentiated mass of strangers,
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ืœื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื’ื•ืฉ ืื—ื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื,
15:55
but as individuals we can learn from.
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ืืœื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื”ื.
16:00
Who's the teacher?
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ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื•ืจื”?
16:02
You're the teacher.
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ืืชื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื•ืจื”.
16:06
You're part of the crowd
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ื”ื™ื ืš ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื”ืžื•ืŸ
16:08
that may be about to launch
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ืฉืื•ืœื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ืฉื™ืง
16:10
the biggest learning cycle in human history,
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ืืช ืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช,
16:13
a cycle capable of carrying all of us
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ืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืฉืืช ืืช ื›ื•ืœื ื•
16:16
to a smarter, wiser, more beautiful place.
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ืœืžืงื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคื™ืงื—, ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื‘ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ืคื”.
16:22
Here's a group of kids in a village in Pakistan
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ื”ื ื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ืคืจ ื‘ืคืงื™ืกื˜ืŸ
16:24
near where I grew up.
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ืกืžื•ืš ืœืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื’ื“ืœืชื™.
16:26
Within five years, each of these kids is going to have access
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ื‘ืชื•ืš 5 ืฉื ื™ื, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื™ืงื‘ืœ ื’ื™ืฉื”
16:28
to a cellphone capable of full-on web video
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ืœื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ื™ื“ ื”ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ืจื™ืฅ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ืฉืœื ืžืจืฉืช
16:31
and capable of uploading video to the web.
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ื•ื”ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ื•ื™ื“ืื• ืœืจืฉืช.
16:34
I mean, is it crazy to think that this girl,
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืื ื–ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื™ืœื“ื” ื–ื•,
16:36
in the back, at the right, in 15 years,
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ืžืื—ื•ืจ, ืžืฆื“ ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ืชื•ืš 15 ืฉื ื™ื,
16:38
might be sharing the idea that keeps the world beautiful
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ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื™ื ืชื—ืœื•ืง ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืขื•ืœื ื™ืคื”
16:41
for your grandchildren?
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ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื ื›ื“ื™ื ื•?
16:43
It's not crazy; it's actually happening right now.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืกื‘ื™ืจ; ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืงื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื•ื.
16:46
I want to introduce you to a good friend of TED
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ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืœื›ื ื—ื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ TED
16:49
who just happens to live in Africa's biggest shantytown.
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ืฉื‘ืžืงืจื” ื—ื™ ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ืช ืฆืจื™ืคื•ื ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
16:52
(Video) Christopher Makau: Hi. My name is Christopher Makau.
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(ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ) ื›ืจื™ืกื˜ื•ืคืจ ืžืืงืื•: ืฉืœื•ื. ืฉืžื™ ื›ืจื™ืกื˜ื•ืคืจ ืžืืงืื•.
16:55
I'm one of the organizers of TEDxKibera.
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ืื ื™ ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืืจื’ื ื™ื ืฉืœ TEDxKibera.
16:58
There are so many good things which are happening right here in Kibera.
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ื™ืฉ ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ืžืžืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื‘ืจื”.
17:01
There's a self-help group.
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ื™ืฉ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืขื–ืจื”-ืขืฆืžื™ืช.
17:03
They turned a trash place into a garden.
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ื”ื ื”ืคื›ื• ืžื’ืจืฉ ื–ื‘ืœ ืœื’ืŸ.
17:06
The same spot, it was a crime spot
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ืื•ืชื• ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืื–ื•ืจ ืคืฉื™ืขื”
17:09
where people were being robbed.
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ืฉื‘ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ื ืฉื“ื“ื•.
17:11
They used the same trash
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ื”ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืคืกื•ืœืช
17:13
to form green manure.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื“ืฉืŸ ื™ืจื•ืง.
17:15
The same trash site
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ืื•ืชื• ืืชืจ ื–ื‘ืœ
17:17
is feeding more than 30 families.
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ืžืคืจื ืก ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-30 ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช.
17:20
We have our own film school.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ื™ืช-ืกืคืจ ืžืฉืœื ื• ืœืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืกืจื˜ื™ื.
17:22
They are using Flip cameras
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ื”ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช ืคืœื™ืค
17:24
to record, edit,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืงืœื™ื˜, ืœืขืจื•ืš,
17:26
and reporting to their own channel,
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ื•ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืœืขืจื•ืฅ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœื”ื,
17:28
Kibera TV.
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ืขืจื•ืฅ ืงื™ื‘ืจื”.
17:30
Because of a scarcity of land,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืงืจืงืข,
17:32
we are using the sacks to grow vegetables,
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ืื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉืงื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ื“ืœ ื™ืจืงื•ืช,
17:34
and also [we're] able to save on the cost of living.
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ื•ืื ื• ื’ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื—ืกื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืงืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื”.
17:37
Change happens when we see things in a different way.
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ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืื—ืจืช.
17:40
Today, I see Kibera in a different way.
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ื”ื™ื•ื, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ืงื™ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉื•ื ื”.
17:43
My message to TEDGlobal
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ื”ืžืกืจ ืฉืœื™ ืœ-TEDGlobal
17:46
and the entire world is:
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ื•ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื:
17:48
Kibera is a hotbed
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ืงื™ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื—ืžืžื”
17:50
of innovation and ideas.
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ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช.
17:54
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
18:00
CA: You know what?
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ื›.ื.: ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื”?
18:03
I bet Chris has always been an inspiring guy.
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ืื ื™ ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืชืขืจื‘ ืฉื›ืจื™ืก ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืฉืจืื”.
18:06
What's new -- and it's huge --
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ืžื” ืฉื”ืชื—ื“ืฉ -- ื•ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ --
18:09
is that, for the first time, we get to see him,
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ืื ื• ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืชื•,
18:12
and he can see us.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื•.
18:14
Right now, Chris and Kevin
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ืžืžืฉ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ืจื™ืก ื•ืงื•ื•ื™ืŸ
18:16
and Dennis and Dickson and their friends
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ื•ื“ื ื™ืก ื•ื“ื™ืงืกื•ืŸ ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”ื
18:18
are watching us, in Nairobi, right now.
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ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื ื• ืžื ื™ื™ืจื•ื‘ื™.
18:21
Guys,
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ื—ื‘ืจื™ื,
18:23
we've learned from you today.
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ืœืžื“ื ื• ืžื›ื ื”ื™ื•ื.
18:25
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
18:27
And thank you.
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ื•ื’ื ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
18:29
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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