Gary Lauder's new traffic sign: Take Turns

50,274 views ・ 2010-03-09

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Prevoditelj: Mislav Ante Omazić - EFZG Recezent: Predrag Pale
00:15
I only have three minutes
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Imam samo 3 minute
00:17
so I'm going to have to talk fast, and it will
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zato ću morati pričati brzo, a to će
00:19
use up your spare mental cycles, so multitasking may be hard.
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opteretiti vaše rezervne mentalne aktivnosti, pa nećete lako moći raditi multitasking.
00:23
So, 27 years ago I got a traffic ticket
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Prije 27 godina dobio sam kaznu za prometni prekršaj
00:25
that got me thinking.
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koja me potaknula na razmišljanje.
00:27
I've had some time to think it over.
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Imao sam neko vrijeme da o tome promislim.
00:29
And energy efficiency is more than just
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Energetska efikasnost se ne odnosi samo
00:31
about the vehicle --
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na vozila.
00:33
it's also about the road.
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Već i na ceste.
00:35
Road design makes a difference, particularly intersections,
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Dizajn cesta je važan, posebno raskrižja,
00:37
of which there are two types: signalized
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kojih postoje dvije vrste: sa signalizacijom
00:39
and unsignalized, which means stop signs.
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i bez signalizacije, što znači da imaju znakove "stop".
00:41
Fifty percent of crashes happen at intersections.
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50% prometnih nesreća se dogodi na raskrižjima.
00:43
Roundabouts are much better.
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Kružni tokovi su bitno bolji.
00:45
A study of 24 intersections
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Studija koja je obuhvatila 24 raskrižja
00:47
has found crashes drop 40 percent
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je otkrila 40% smanjenje prometnih nesreća
00:50
from when you convert a traffic light into a roundabout.
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kada se raskrižje sa semaforom pretvori u kružni tok.
00:53
Injury crashes have dropped 76 percent,
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Sudari s povredama su se smanjili za 76%.
00:56
fatal crashes down 90 percent.
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Sudari s fatalnim posljedicama su se smanjili za 90%.
00:58
But that's just safety.
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To su samo podaci o sigurnosti.
01:00
What about time and gas?
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Što je s vremenom i gorivom?
01:02
So, traffic keeps flowing, so that means less braking,
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Saobraćaj teče, što zači manje kočenja,
01:04
which means less accelerating, less gas and less pollution,
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što znači manje ubrzavanja, manje goriva i manje zagađenja,
01:07
less time wasted,
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manje potrošenog vremena,
01:09
and that partly accounts for Europe's better efficiency
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i time se djelomično objašnjava razlog zašto je Europa učinkovitija
01:11
than we have in the United States.
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od onoga što imamo u SAD-u.
01:13
So, unsignalized intersections,
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Raskrižja bez signalizacije,
01:15
meaning stop signs, they save many lives,
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znači stop znakovi, mogu spasiti mnogo života,
01:17
but there's an excessive proliferation of them.
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ali je došlo do njihova prekomjernog širenja.
01:19
Small roundabouts are starting to appear.
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Pojavljuju se mali kružni tokovi.
01:22
This is one in my neighborhood. And they are
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Ovaj je u mom susjedstvu. I oni su
01:25
much better -- better than traffic lights, better than four-way stop signs.
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puno bolji -- bolji od semafora, bolji od četverosmjernih stop znakova.
01:28
They're expensive to install,
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Skupi su za postavljanje,
01:30
but they are more expensive not to. So, we should look at that.
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ali još je skuplje ne postaviti ih. Tako bismo na to trebali gledati.
01:33
But they are not applicable in all situations.
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Ali oni nisu primjenjivi na sve situacije.
01:34
So, take, for example, the three-way intersection.
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Uzmite, na primjer, raskrižje s tri smjera.
01:37
So, it's logical that you'd have one there,
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Logično je da imate jedan znak "stop" tamo,
01:39
on the minor road entering the major.
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na sporednoj cesti koja se križa s glavnom.
01:41
But the other two are somewhat questionable.
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Ali druga dva znaka su na neki način upitna.
01:44
So, here's one. There's another one which I studied.
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Evo jednog. Evo još jednog kojeg sam proučavao.
01:46
Cars rarely appear on that third road.
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Automobili se rijetko pojavljuju na trećoj cesti.
01:49
And so, the question is, what does that cost us?
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Pitanje je, koliko nas to košta?
01:51
That intersection I looked at had about 3,000
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To raskrižje koje sam promatrao imalo je oko 3,000
01:53
cars per day in each direction,
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automobila dnevno u svakom smjeru,
01:55
and so that's two ounces of gas to accelerate out of.
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to je oko 60 ml goriva kako bi se ubrzalo i prošlo raskrižje.
01:57
That's five cents each, and times 3,000 cars per day,
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To je po 5 centi svatko i puta 3,000 automobila dnevno,
01:59
that's $51,000 per year.
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to je 51,000 US$ godišnje.
02:02
That's just the gasoline cost. There is also pollution,
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I to su samo troškovi goriva. Postoji i zagađenje,
02:04
wear on the car, and time.
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trošenje automobila i vrijeme.
02:06
What's that time worth?
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Koliko vrijedi vrijeme?
02:08
Well, at 10 seconds per 3,000 cars,
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Dakle, po 10 sekundi na 3,000 automobila,
02:10
that's 8.3 hours per day. The average wage in the U.S.
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to je 8,3 sata dnevno. Prosječna plaća u SAD-u
02:12
is $20 an hour. That is 60,000 per year.
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je 20 US$ po satu. To je 60,000 US$ godišnje.
02:16
Add that together with the gas, and it's $112,000 per year,
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Zbrojite to s gorivom, i to je 112,000 US$ godišnje
02:19
just for that sign in each direction.
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samo za taj znak u svakom smjeru.
02:21
Discount that back to the present, at five percent:
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Napravimo kamatni račun sa stopom od 5%:
02:23
over two million dollars
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ispada preko 2 milijuna US$
02:26
for a stop sign, in each direction.
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za stop znak u svakom smjeru.
02:29
Now, if you look at what that adjacent property is worth,
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Sada, ako pogledate koliko je vrijedno to susjedno imanje,
02:33
you could actually buy the property,
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mogli biste ga kupiti,
02:35
cut down the shrubbery to improve the sight line,
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sasjeći grmlje kako biste povečali preglednost,
02:38
and then sell it off again.
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i ponovno ga prodati.
02:40
And you'd still come out ahead.
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I dalje biste bili na dobitku.
02:42
So, it makes one wonder, "Why is it there?"
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Zato se moramo zapitati, "Zašto je tamo?"
02:44
I mean, why is there that stop sign in each direction?
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Mislim, zašto postoji znak "stop" u svakom od smjerova?
02:47
Because it is saving lives. So, is there a better way to accomplish that goal?
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Zato jer spašava živote. Postoji li bolji način da se postigne taj cilj?
02:50
The answer is to enable cars
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Odgovor je: omogućiti automobilima
02:52
to come in from that side road safely.
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sa sporedne ceste da sigurno ukljuće u promet.
02:54
Because there are a lot of people who might live up there
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Ako postoji puno ljudi koji bi mogli tamo živjeti
02:56
and if they're waiting forever a long queue could form
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i ako oni vječno čekaju u dugačkim redovima
02:58
because the cars aren't slowing down on the main road.
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jer automobili na glavnoj cesti ne usporavaju.
03:01
Can that be accomplished with existing signs?
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Može li se to postići s postojećim znakovima?
03:03
So, there is a long history of stop signs and yield signs.
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Postoji dugačka povijest stop znakova i onih s prvenstvom prolaza.
03:06
Stop signs were invented in 1915,
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Stop znakovi su izmišljeni 1915.
03:08
yield signs in 1950. But that's all we got.
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Znakovi s pravom prvenstva 1950. I to je sve što imamo.
03:11
So, why not use a yield sign?
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Zašto ne bismo koristili trokutaste znakove?
03:13
Well the meaning of yield is: You must yield the right-of-way.
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Pa, smisao trokutastog znaka jest -- dolazite na cestu s pravom prvenstva.
03:16
That means that if there are five cars waiting, you have to wait
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To znači ako postoji pet automobila koji čekaju, moraš čekati
03:18
till they all go, then you go. It lacks the notion
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dok svi ne prođu, i onda si ti na redu. Nedostaje ideja
03:20
of alternating, or taking turns,
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o smjenjivanju ili naizmjeničnom kretanju.
03:22
and it's always on the minor road,
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I uvijek na cesti koja je sporedna
03:24
allowing the major one to have primacy.
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dajući glavnoj pravo prvenstva.
03:26
So, it's hard to create a new meaning for the existing sign.
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Teško je dati novo značenje postojećem znaku.
03:28
You couldn't suddenly tell everyone, "OK, remember
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Ne možete odjednom svima reči: "OK, sjećate li se
03:30
what you used to do at yield signs? Now do something different."
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ono što ste radili na trokutastom znaku? Sada je situacija drugačija."
03:32
That would not work.
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Tako to neće ići.
03:34
So, what the world needs now
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Dakle, ono što svijetu treba
03:36
is a new type of sign.
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jest nova vsta znaka.
03:38
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
03:42
So, you'd have a little instruction below it,
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Mogu se staviti i male upute ispod znaka,
03:45
you know, for those who didn't see the public service announcements.
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znate, za one koji nisu vidjeli javnu obavijest o promjeni.
03:47
And it merges the stop sign and yield signs.
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Ovaj znak spaja znak "stop" i trokutasti znak.
03:50
It's kind of shaped like a T, as in taking turns.
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Sliči slovu "T". ("Take turns" - smjenjivanje)
03:52
And uncertainty results in caution.
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A nesigurnost rezultira oprezom.
03:55
When people come to an unfamiliar situation they don't know how to deal with
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Kada se ljudi nađu u novoj situaciji s kojom se do tada nisu susreli
03:57
they slow down.
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oni uspore.
03:59
So, now that you are all "Road Scholars" ...
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Sada kada ste svi prometno obrazovani...
04:01
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
04:02
don't wait for that sign to be adopted, these things don't change quickly.
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ne čekajte da se novi znak usvoji, te se stvari ne mijenjaju brzo.
04:05
But you all are members of communities,
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Ali svi ste vi članovi zajednica,
04:07
and you can exercise your community influence
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i ovime biste mogli ispitati svoj utjecaj na zajednicu
04:09
to create more sensible traffic flows.
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kako biste osigurali razumniji promet.
04:11
And you can have more impact on the environment
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I možete imati veći utjecaj na okoliš
04:13
just getting your neighborhood to change these things
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ako nagovorite svoje susjede da promijenite te stvari
04:15
than by changing your vehicle. Thank you very much.
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od onoga kada promijenite vozilo. Puno vam hvala.
04:18
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
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