Chris Bliss: Comedy is translation

Translator: Adrián Delgado Reviewer: Andres Corral

Gabriel García Márquez is one of my favorite writers,

Gabriel García Márquez é un dos meus escritores favoritos,

for his storytelling,

pola súa forma de contar historias,

but even more, I think,

pero aínda máis, creo,

for the beauty and precision of his prose.

pola beleza e a precisión da súa prosa.

And whether it's the opening line from "One Hundred Years of Solitude"

E xa sexa nas primeiras liñas de "Cen anos de soidade"

or the fantastical stream of consciousness

ou no fantástico monólogo interno

in "Autumn of the Patriarch,"

en "O outono do patriarca",

where the words rush by,

onde as palabras se precipitan por

page after page of unpunctuated imagery

páxinas e páxinas de imaxes sen puntuación

sweeping the reader along

arrastrando ao lector

like some wild river

como un río salvaxe

twisting through a primal South American jungle,

revirándose a través dunha primitiva xungla sudamericana,

reading Márquez is a visceral experience.

ler a Márquez é unha experiencia visceral.

Which struck me as particularly remarkable

Isto sorpredeume sobremanera

during one session with the novel

cando lendo a novela

when I realized that I was being swept along

me din conta de que estaba sendo arrastrado

on this remarkable, vivid journey

por este magnífico e vívida viaxe

in translation.

na tradución.

Now I was a comparative literature major in college,

Cando facía a miña especialidade en literatura comparada,

which is like an English major,

que é como unha especialidade en inglés,

only instead of being stuck studying Chaucer for three months,

só que no canto de quedarse atascado en Chaucer durante tres meses,

we got to read great literature in translation

liamos grandes obras da literatura en tradución

from around the world.

de todo o mundo.

And as great as these books were,

E tan magníficos como eran estes libros,

you could always tell

sempre te decatabas

that you were getting close to the full effect.

cando estabas chegando ao seu clímax.

But not so with Márquez

Pero non é así con Márquez

who once praised his translator's versions

que nunha ocasión louvou as versións dos seus tradutores

as being better than his own,

coma mellores que o orixinal,

which is an astonishing compliment.

o cal foi unha louvanza incrible.

So when I heard that the translator, Gregory Rabassa,

Así que cando oín que o tradutor, Gregory Rabassa,

had written his own book on the subject,

escribiu un libro sobre este tema,

I couldn't wait to read it.

non puiden esperar para o ler.

It's called apropos of the Italian adage

O seu título proven dun dito italiano

that I lifted from his forward,

que me chamou a atención,

"If This Be Treason."

"Se isto é traizón".

And it's a charming read.

E é un lectura engaiolante.

It's highly recommended for anyone who's interested

É recomendable para calquera que estea interesado

in the translator's art.

na arte da tradución.

But the reason that I mention it

Pero a razón pola que o menciono

is that early on, Rabassa offers

é que antes, Rabassa ofreceu

this elegantly simple insight:

este simple e elegante pensamento:

"Every act of communication

"Cada acto de comunicación

is an act of translation."

é un acto de tradución."

Now maybe that's been obvious to all of you for a long time,

Quizais agora resulte moi obvio para todos vós,

but for me,

pero para min,

as often as I'd encountered

que no meu día día, me encontraba tan a miúdo

that exact difficulty on a daily basis,

con esa mesma dificultade,

I had never seen the inherent challenge of communication

nunca vira o reto inherente da comunicación

in so crystalline a light.

dunha forma tan clara.

Ever since I can remember

Desde que teño memoria

thinking consciously about such things,

de pensar neste tipo de cousas,

communication has been my central passion.

a comunicación foi a miña maior paixón.

Even as a child,

Incluso de neno,

I remember thinking that what I really wanted most in life

recordo pensar que realmente o que máis quería na vida

was to be able to understand everything

era ser capaz de o entender todo

and then to communicate it to everyone else.

e despois comunicarllo a todo o mundo.

So no ego problems.

Así, sen problemas de ego.

It's funny, my wife, Daisy,

É divertido, a miña muller, Daisy,

whose family is littered with schizophrenics --

cuxa familia está chea de esquizofrénicos,

and I mean littered with them --

e quero dicir izada deles,

once said to me, "Chris, I already have a brother who thinks he's God.

unha vez dixome, "Chris, xa teño un irmán que cre que é Deus.

I don't need a husband who wants to be."

Non necesito un marido que queira selo."

(Laughter)

(gargalladas)

Anyway, as I plunged through my 20s

Segundo me mergullaba nos meus vintetantos

ever more aware of how unobtainable

era máis consciente do imposible

the first part of my childhood ambition was,

que era acadar esta ambición de infancia,

it was that second part,

era na segunda parte,

being able to successfully communicate to others

en ser capaz de comunicar con éxito aos outros

whatever knowledge I was gaining,

calquera coñecemento que adquiría,

where the futility of my quest really set in.

onde realmente se mostraba a futilidade da miña busca.

Time after time,

Unha e outra vez,

whenever I set out to share some great truth

cando quixera que comezase a compartir algunha gran verdade

with a soon-to-be grateful recipient,

con un receptor que pronto estaría agradecido,

it had the opposite effect.

tiña o efecto contrario.

Interestingly, when your opening line of communication is,

Curiosamente, cando o primeiro que dis é,

"Hey, listen up,

"Ei, escoita,

because I'm about to drop some serious knowledge on you,"

porque che vou explicar algúns coñecementos moi importantes",

it's amazing how quickly you'll discover

resulta marabilloso o rápido que te encontras

both ice and the firing squad.

coa frialdade e o pelotón de fusilamento.

Finally, after about 10 years

Finalmente, tras uns 10 anos

of alienating friends and strangers alike,

de amigos e descoñecidos alienantes,

I finally got it,

finalmente o conseguín,

a new personal truth all my own,

unha nova verdade persoal:

that if I was going to ever communicate well with other people

se quería ser bo comunicando

the ideas that I was gaining,

as ideas que aprendía,

I'd better find a different way of going about it.

máis me valía encontrar outra forma de abordar á xente.

And that's when I discovered comedy.

E foi entón cando descubrín a comedia.

Now comedy travels along a distinct wavelength

A comedia viaxa por un ancho de onda distinto das

from other forms of language.

outras formas de linguaxe.

If I had to place it on an arbitrary spectrum,

Se a tivese que colocar nalgunha parte,

I'd say it falls somewhere

estaría nalgún punto

between poetry and lies.

entre a poesía e a mentira.

And I'm not talking about all comedy here,

Non estou a falar de toda a comedia,

because, clearly, there's plenty of humor

porque, evidentemente, hai moito humor

that colors safely within the lines of what we already think and feel.

que entra dentro dos límites seguros do que xa pensamos e sentimos.

What I want to talk about

Do que quero falar é

is the unique ability that the best comedy and satire has

da habilidade única que a mellor comedia e sátira teñen

at circumventing our ingrained perspectives --

para eludir as nosas conviccións máis enraizadas.

comedy as the philosopher's stone.

A comedia é como a pedra filosofal.

It takes the base metal of our conventional wisdom

Toma coma base metálica o sentido común

and transforms it through ridicule

e a transforma a través do ridículo

into a different way of seeing

nun forma distinta de ver

and ultimately being in the world.

e finalmente nunha forma distinta de estar no mundo.

Because that's what I take

Porque iso é o que saco

from the theme of this conference: Gained in Translation.

do título deste conferencia: Gañado na tradución.

That it's about communication

Todo isto é sobre comunicación

that doesn't just produce greater understanding

que non só produce unha maior comprensión

within the individual,

a nivel individual,

but leads to real change.

pero tamén leva a un cambio real.

Which in my experience means communication

Na miña experiencia, comunicación significa

that manages to speak to and expand

conseguir falar e expandir

our concept of self-interest.

o noso concepto de interese propio.

Now I'm big on speaking to people's self-interest

Creo que xa falei dabondo do interese propio da xente

because we're all wired for that.

porque todos estamos programados para elo.

It's part of our survival package,

É parte do noso paquete de supervivencia,

and that's why it's become so important for us,

e é polo que se converteu en tan importante para nós

and that's why we're always listening at that level.

e polo que sempre escoitamos a ese nivel.

And also because that's where,

E tamén porque é onde,

in terms of our own self-interest,

en termos de interese propio,

we finally begin to grasp

finalmente comezamos a entender

our ability to respond, our responsibility

a nosa habilidade para responder, a nosa responsabilidade

to the rest of the world.

co resto do mundo.

Now as to what I mean by the best comedy and satire,

Ben, cando falaba da mellor comedia e sátira,

I mean work that comes first and foremost

referíame ao traballo que procede en primeiro lugar

from a place of honesty and integrity.

da honestidade e da integridade.

Now if you think back

E se agora voltas a pensar

on Tina Fey's impersonations on Saturday Night Live

nas imitacións de Tina Fey, en Saturday Night Live,

of the newly nominated vice presidential candidate

da nova candidata á vicepresidencia,

Sarah Palin,

Sarah Palin,

they were devastating.

verás que foron devastadoras.

Fey demonstrated far more effectively than any political pundit

Fey demostrou que moito máis efectivo que calquera comentarista político

the candidate's fundamental lack of seriousness,

é a fundamental falta de seriedade do propio candidato,

cementing an impression

cimentando unha impresión dela

that the majority of the American public still holds today.

que a maioría de público estadounidense aínda ten.

And the key detail of this

E o detalle principal disto foi

is that Fey's scripts weren't written by her

que os guións de Fey no foron escritos por ela

and they weren't written by the SNL writers.

nin por escritores do Saturday Night Live.

They were lifted verbatim

Foron recollidos de forma literal

from Palin's own remarks.

dos comentarios da propia Palin.

(Laughter)

(gargalladas)

Here was a Palin impersonator

Aquí está a imitadora de Palin

quoting Palin word for word.

citando a Palin palabra por palabra.

Now that's honesty and integrity,

Iso é honestidade e integridade,

and it's also why Fey's performances

e é tamén polo que as actuacións de Fey

left such a lasting impression.

deixaron unha impresión tan duradeira.

On the other side of the political spectrum,

No outro lado do espectro político,

the first time that I heard Rush Limbaugh

a primeira vez que ouvín a Rush Limbaugh

refer to presidential hopeful John Edwards as the Breck girl

referirse ao aspirante a presidencia John Edwards como a rapaza Pantene

I knew that he'd made a direct hit.

sabía que lle dera un golpe directo.

Now it's not often that I'm going to associate

Non sucede de cotío que asocie

the words honesty and integrity with Limbaugh,

as palabras honestidade e integridade con Limbaugh,

but it's really hard to argue with that punchline.

pero é que é realmente difícil argumentar contra ese chiste.

The description perfectly captured

A descrición amosa perfectamente

Edwards' personal vanity.

a banalidade de Edwards.

And guess what?

E sabedes que?

That ended up being the exact personality trait

Ese trazo da personalidade estaba detrás

that was at the core of the scandal that ended his political career.

do escándalo que acabou cosa súa carreira política.

Now The Daily Show with John Stewart

The Daily Show con John Stewart

is by far the most --

é de lonxe...

(Applause)

(aplausos)

(Laughter)

(gargalladas)

it's by far the most well-documented example

é de lonxe o exemplo mellor documentado

of the effectiveness of this kind of comedy.

da efectividade deste tipo de comedia.

Survey after survey,

Enquisa tras enquisa

from Pew Research to the Annenberg Center for Public Policy,

dende o Pew Research ao Centro Annenberg para Políticas Públicas,

has found that Daily Show viewers are better informed about current events

descubriron que a súa audiencia estaba mellor informada sobre a actualidade

than the viewers of all major network and cable news shows.

que a audiencia de todos os telexornais de cadeas públicas e de pago.

(Applause)

(aplausos)

Now whether this says more

Independentemente de se isto di máis

about the conflict between integrity and profitability

sobre o conflito entre integridade e beneficios

of corporate journalism

do xornalismo corporativo

than it does about the attentiveness of Stewart's viewers,

que sobre a atención da audiencia de Stewart,

the larger point remains

o principal punto segue a ser

that Stewart's material

que o material de Stewart

is always grounded in a commitment to the facts --

está sempre baseado nun compromiso cos feitos.

not because his intent is to inform. It's not.

Non porque a súa intención sexa informar. Non é tal.

His intent is to be funny.

A súa intención e ser gracioso.

It just so happens that Stewart's brand of funny

Só acontece que a marca humorística de Stewart

doesn't work unless the facts are true.

non funciona agás que os feitos sexan certos.

And the result is great comedy

E o resultado é unha comedia brillante

that's also an information delivery system

que tamén funciona como medio de información

that scores markedly higher in both credibility and retention

e consegue cotas máis altas de atención e credibilidade

than the professional news media.

que os medios de comunicación profesionais.

Now this is doubly ironic

Isto é dobremente irónico

when you consider that what gives comedy its edge

cando se ten en conta que o que dá á comedia a súa principal arma

at reaching around people's walls

para collernos de improviso

is the way that it uses deliberate misdirection.

é o modo en que nos desorienta deliberadamente.

A great piece of comedy is a verbal magic trick,

Unha gran peza de comedia é un truco máxico verbal,

where you think it's going over here

pensas que está indo para aquí

and then all of a sudden you're transported over here.

e de súpeto veste transportando para alá.

And there's this mental delight

E niso hai deleite mental

that's followed by the physical response of laughter,

seguido dunha resposta física en forma de riso,

which, not coincidentally,

o cal, non por erro,

releases endorphins in the brain.

libera endorfinas no cerebro.

And just like that, you've been seduced

E xusto desa maneira es atraído

into a different way of looking at something

ate unha nova forma de ollar algo

because the endorphins have brought down your defenses.

porque as endorfinas baixaron as túas defensas.

This is the exact opposite

Isto é diametralmente o contrario á

of the way that anger and fear and panic,

forma en que a ira e o medo e o pánico,

all of the flight-or-fight responses, operate.

e todas as respostas de fuxida ou enfrontamento, operan.

Flight-or-fight releases adrenalin,

Os respostas de fuxida ou loita liberan adrenalina,

which throws our walls up sky-high.

a cal levanta as nosas defensas ate o ceo.

And the comedy comes along,

E a comedia

dealing with a lot of the same areas

trata moitas das mesmas áreas

where our defenses are the strongest --

onde as nosas defensas son moi fortes:

race, religion, politics, sexuality --

raza, relixión, política, sexualidade.

only by approaching them through humor instead of adrenalin,

Só polo acercamento a través do humor en lugar da adrenalina,

we get endorphins

conseguimos endorfinas

and the alchemy of laughter turns our walls into windows,

e a alquimia do riso derruba as nosas defensas,

revealing a fresh and unexpected point of view.

revelando un novo e inesperado punto de vista.

Now let me give you an example from my act.

Agora déixenme que lles de un exemplo sacado dos meus monólogos.

I have some material

Teño algo de material

about the so-called radical gay agenda,

sobre a recoñecida axenda dos homosexuais radicais,

which starts off by asking,

que comeza preguntando,

how radical is the gay agenda?

como de radicais é esta axenda homosexual?

Because from what I can tell, the three things gay Americans seem to want most

Porque polo que vexo, as tres cousas que os homosexuais norteamericanos queren son

are to join the military, get married and start a family.

entrar no exército, casarse e formar unha familia.

(Laughter)

(gargalladas)

Three things I've tried to avoid my entire life.

Tres cousas que levo toda a miña vida tentando evitar.

(Laughter)

(gargalladas)

Have at it you radical bastards. The field is yours.

Todo para vós, bastardos radicais. Todo voso.

(Laughter)

(gargalladas)

And that's followed by these lines

E vai seguido por este comentario

about gay adoption:

sobre os dereitos de adopción dos homosexuais:

What is the problem with gay adoption?

Cal é o problema coa adopción dos homosexuais?

Why is this remotely controversial?

Por que é tan conflitiva?

If you have a baby and you think that baby's gay,

Se tes un bebé e cres que é homosexual,

you should be allowed to put it up for adoption.

deberías o poder dar en adopción.

(Laughter)

(gargalladas)

You have given birth to an abomination.

Deches a luz a unha abominación.

Remove it from your household.

Sácao da túa casa.

Now by taking the biblical epithet "abomination"

Neste punto ao tomar o epíteto bíblico "abominación"

and attaching it to the ultimate image of innocence, a baby,

e o xuntar coa imaxe máis representativa da inocencia, o bebé,

this joke short circuits the emotional wiring

este chiste curtocircuíta o cableado emocional

behind the debate

detrás do debate

and it leaves the audience with the opportunity, through their laughter,

e deixa a audiencia coa oportunidade, a través das súas gargalladas,

to question its validity.

de cuestionarse a súa validez.

Misdirection isn't the only trick

A desorientación non é o único truco

that comedy has up its sleeve.

que ten a comedia baixo a manga.

Economy of language

A economía da linguaxe é

is another real strong suit of great comedy.

outro punto forte da boa comedia.

There are few phrases

Estas son unhas frases

that pack a more concentrated dose of subject and symbol

que conseguen concentrar unha cantidade maior de información e símbolo

than the perfect punchline.

que o mellor chiste.

Bill Hicks -- and if you don't know his work,

Bill Hicks, se non coñecedes o seu traballo,

you should really Google him --

deberiades consúltalo en Google.

Hicks had a routine

Hicks tiña un monólogo

about getting into one of those childhood bragging contests on the playground,

sobre os concursos de fachenda que fan os rapaces no patio,

where finally the other kid says to him,

onde ao fin o outro rapaz dille,

"Huh? Well my dad can beat up your dad,"

"Eh? Pois o meu pai pode darlle unha malleira o teu."

to which Hicks replies,

ao que Hicks contesta,

"Really? How soon?"

"De verdade? En canto tempo?"

(Laughter)

(gargalladas)

That's an entire childhood

Iso é a infancia enteira

in three words.

en tres palabras.

(Laughter)

(gargalladas)

Not to mention what it reveals

Sen mencionar o que revela

about the adult who's speaking them.

sobre o adulto que as está a dicir.

And one last powerful attribute

E unha última poderosa característica

that comedy has as communication

que ten a comedia como medio de comunicación

is that it's inherently viral.

é que é intrinsecamente "viral".

People can't wait

A xente non pode esperar

to pass along that new great joke.

a contar outra vez ese chiste novo tan bo.

And this isn't some new phenomenon of our wired world.

E isto non é un novo fenómeno do noso mundo interconectado.

Comedy has been crossing country

A comedia leva cruzando o país

with remarkable speed

cunha velocidade admirable

way before the Internet, social media,

moito antes da Internet, dos medios sociais,

even cable TV.

incluso da tele por cable.

Back in 1980

Aló, en 1980,

when comedian Richard Pryor accidentally set himself on fire

cando o cómico Richar Pryor prendeuse lume accidentalmente

during a freebasing accident,

cando estaba manipulado cocaína,

I was in Los Angeles the day after it happened

eu estaba en Os Ánxeles o día despois de que ocorrese

and then I was in Washington D.C. two days after that.

e dos días despois estaba en Washington D.C..

And I heard the exact same punchline on both coasts --

E escoitei exactamente o mesmo chiste en ambas costas:

something about the Ignited Negro College Fund.

algo sobre a Ignited Negro College Fund.

Clearly, it didn't come out of a Tonight Show monologue.

De certo, non veñen de ningún monólogo de Tonight Show.

And my guess here -- and I have no research on this --

E a miña suposición, e non o investiguei,

is that if you really were to look back at it and if you could research it,

é que se realmente se mirasedes atrás e puidesedes investigar,

you'd find out that comedy

descubriríase que a comedia

is the second oldest viral profession.

é a segunda profesión "viral" máis antiga.

First there were drums

Primeiro foron os tambores

and then knock-knock jokes.

despois os chistes de toc-toc.

(Laughter)

(gargalladas)

But it's when you put all of these elements together --

Pero é cando pos todos estes elementos xuntos

when you get the viral appeal of a great joke

cando consegues o efecto "viral" dun gran chiste

with a powerful punchline

cun final contundente

that's crafted from honesty and integrity,

que foi construido desde a honestidade e a integridade,

it can have a real world impact

e pode ter un efecto real

at changing a conversation.

para cambiar unha conversa.

Now I have a close friend, Joel Pett,

Agora teño un amigo íntimo, Joel Pett,

who's the editorial cartoonist

quen é debuxante humorístico

for the Lexington Herald-Leader.

para o Lexington Herald-Leader.

And he used to be the USA Today Monday morning guy.

E era o tipo de USA Today da mañá dos luns.

I was visiting with Joel

Estaba visitando a Joel

the weekend before the Copenhagen conference on climate change opened

no fin de semana anterior á conferencia de Copenhague sobre o cambio climático

in December of 2009.

en decembro de 2009.

And Joel was explaining to me

E Joel contábame

that, because USA Today

que, por causa de que o USA Today

was one of America's four papers of record,

ía ser un dos catro periódicos estadounidenses oficiais,

it would be scanned by virtually everyone in attendance at the conference,

ía ser examinado por case calquera que asistise á conferencia,

which meant that, if he hit it out of the park with his cartoon

o que significaba que, se podía facer unha boa coa súa tira

on Monday, the opening day of the conference,

do luns, o día de apertura das conferencias,

it could get passed around

podería chegar

at the highest level among actual decision-makers.

á cúpula das persoas que realmente toman as decisións.

So we started talking about climate change.

Así comezamos falando do cambio climático.

And it turned out that Joel and I

E resultou que tanto a Joel como a min

were both bothered by the same thing,

molestábanos a mesma cousa,

which was how so much of the debate

e era que a meirande parte do debate

was still focused on the science

seguise enfocada na explicación científica

and how complete it was or wasn't,

e como de completa era ou deixaba ser

which, to both of us,

e iso a ámbolos dous

seems somewhat intentionally off point.

parecíanos que era una forma de intentar liar o tema.

Because first of all, there's this false premise

Porque primeiro de todo, é unha premisa falsa

that such a thing as complete science exists.

que exista unha explicación científica completa.

Now Governor Perry of my newly-adopted state of Texas

O gobernador Perry do meu novo estado adoptivo de Texas,

was pushing this same line this past summer

estaba usando este mesmo argumento o último verán

at the beginning of his oops-fated campaign

ao comezo dunha campaña electoral destinada ao fracaso

for the Republican presidential nomination,

para a nomeamento presidencial republicano,

proclaiming over and over that the science wasn't complete

proclamando unha e outra vez que a ciencia non estaba completa

at the same time that 250

e naquel momento 250 dos

out of 254 counties in the state of Texas

254 condados do estado de Texas

were on fire.

estaban ardendo.

And Perry's policy solution

E a solución política de Perry

was to ask the people of Texas

foi pedir aos habitantes de Texas

to pray for rain.

que rezaran pedindo chuvia.

Personally, I was praying for four more fires

Persoalmente, eu rezaba por catro lumes máis

so we could finally complete the damn science.

para que finalmente puidesemos completar a maldita explicación científica.

(Laughter)

(gargalladas)

But back in 2009,

Pero alá en 2009,

the question Joel and I kept turning over and over

a pregunta á que Joel e máis eu seguiamos volvendo

was why this late in the game

era por qué a estas alturas do partido

so much energy was being spent talking about the science

seguiamos gastando enerxía en falar da ciencia

when the policies necessary to address climate change

cando as políticas necesarias para abordar o cambio climático

were unequivocally beneficial for humanity in the long run

eran de forma inequívoca beneficiosas para a humanidade a longo prazo

regardless of the science.

sen importar a ciencia.

So we tossed it back and forth until Joel came up with this.

Así que lle demos voltas e voltas ata que Joel tivo esta idea.

Cartoon: "What if it's a big hoax and we create a better world for nothing?"

Tira: "E se todo é unha gran argallada e creamos un mundo mellor para nada?"

(Laughter)

(gargalladas)

You've got to love that idea.

Ten que encantarte a idea.

(Applause)

(aplausos)

How about that? How about we create a better world for nothing?

Que pasa con iso? Que hai de crear un mundo mellor para nada?

Not for God, not for country, not for profit --

Non por Deus, non polo país, non polos beneficios,

just as a basic metric for global decision-making.

só como un indicador básico para a toma de decisións globais.

And this cartoon hit the bull's eye.

E esta tira golpea xusto no centro do furacán.

Shortly after the conference was over,

Pouco despois da clausura da conferencia,

Joel got a request for a signed copy

Joel recibiu unha petición dunha copia firmada

from the head of the EPA in Washington

desde a xefatura da Axencia de Protección Medioambiental (EPA) de Washington

whose wall it now hangs on.

e agora mesmo colga nos seus muros.

And not long after that, he got another request for a copy

E non moito despois diso, recibiu outra petición de copia

from the head of the EPA in California

para a xefa do EPA en California

who used it as part of her presentation

quen o usou como parte de súa presentación

at an international conference on climate change

na conferencia internacional sobre o cambio climático

in Sacramento last year.

en Sacaramento o ano pasado.

And it didn't stop there.

E non acaba aquí.

To date, Joel's gotten requests from over 40 environmental groups,

A día de hoxe, Joel recibiu peticións desde 40 asociacións medioambientais,

in the United States, Canada and Europe.

nos Estados Unidos, Canada e Europa.

And earlier this year,

E anteriormente neste ano,

he got a request from the Green Party in Australia

recibiu una petición do Partido Verde de Australia

who used it in their campaign

quenes o usaron na súa campaña

where it became part of the debate

onde se converteu en parte do debate

that resulted in the Australian parliament

que levou ao parlamento australiano

adopting the most rigorous carbon tax regime

a adoptar o réxime fiscal sobre a contaminación carbónica

of any country in the world.

máis estrito do mundo.

(Applause)

(aplausos)

That is a lot of punch

Iso é moito impacto

for 14 words.

para 14 palabras.

So my suggestion to those of you out here

Así que a miña suxestión para aqueles aí fora

who are seriously focused on creating a better world

que seguen centrados en crear un mundo mellor

is to take a little bit of time each day

é tomar un pouco de tempo cada día

and practice thinking funny,

e practicar o pensamento cómico

because you might just find the question that you've been looking for.

porque quizais acabedes encontrando a resposta que buscabades.

Thank you.

(Grazas)

(Applause)

(aplausos)