The mind behind Linux | Linus Torvalds | TED

Translator: Aari Lemmik Reviewer: Kaisa-Kitri Niit

(Aplaus)

Päris imelik on mõelda,

Chris Anderson: This is such a strange thing.

et sinu loodud tarkvara, Linux, on kasutusel miljonites arvutites,

Your software, Linux, is in millions of computers,

it probably powers much of the Internet.

sellel põhineb enamik internetitaristust.

And I think that there are, like,

Praegu on kasutusel ligi 1.5 miljardit aktiivset Androidi seadet.

a billion and a half active Android devices out there.

Your software is in every single one of them.

Igas sellises seadmes on sinu tarkvara.

It's kind of amazing.

See on ikka päris vinge.

You must have some amazing software headquarters driving all this.

Kindlasti on selle taga võimas tarkvara arenduskeskus.

Nii ma arvasin ja pidin pikali kukkuma, kui nägin seda pilti.

That's what I thought -- and I was shocked when I saw a picture of it.

I mean, this is --

See ongi Linuxi globaalne peakorter.

this is the Linux world headquarters.

(Laughter)

(Naer)

(Applause)

(Aplaus)

Linus Torvalds: It really doesn't look like much.

Pole tõesti suurem asi...

And I have to say,

Kõige huvitavam asi sel pildil, mis inimestele kohe silma hakkab,

the most interesting part in this picture,

that people mostly react to,

on töölaud, mille taga saab kõndida.

is the walking desk.

It is the most interesting part in my office

See ongi kõige huvitavam asi mu kontoris,

and I'm not actually using it anymore.

mida ma tegelikult enam ei kasuta.

And I think the two things are related.

Need kaks asja on omavahel seotud.

The way I work is ...

Minu tööstiil on selline, et...

I want to not have external stimulation.

Ma ei taha, et miski väline mind häiriks.

Nagu pildilt näha, on seinad helerohelised.

You can kind of see, on the walls are this light green.

I'm told that at mental institutions they use that on the walls.

Kuulsin, et vaimuhaiglates on seinad sama värvi.

(Laughter)

(Naer)

See on rahustav värv, mis kuidagi ei stimuleeri.

It's like a calming color,

it's not something that really stimulates you.

Siit pildilt ei näe hästi mu arvutit,

What you can't see is the computer here, you only see the screen,

näha on küll ainult ekraan,

but the main thing I worry about in my computer is --

aga minu jaoks ei ole arvuti juures kõige olulisem see,

it doesn't have to be big and powerful, although I like that --

et ta oleks suur ja võimas, kuigi see meeldib mulle ka,

it really has to be completely silent.

aga arvuti peab olema täiesti vaikne.

I know people who work for Google

Ma tean inimesi, kes töötavad Google'is

ja neil on kodus oma väike arvutuskeskus,

and they have their own small data center at home,

and I don't do that.

minul seda ei ole.

My office is the most boring office you'll ever see.

Minu kontor on maailma kõige igavam koht.

Istun seal omaette vaikuses.

And I sit there alone in the quiet.

Kui kass tuleb tuppa ja mulle sülle tuleb,

If the cat comes up,

it sits in my lap.

siis tahan kuulda kassi nurrumist,

And I want to hear the cat purring,

not the sound of the fans in the computer.

mitte arvutiventilaatorite undamist.

CA: So this is astonishing,

See on ikka hämmastav, kuidas sedasi töötades

because working this way,

you're able to run this vast technology empire --

suudad sa juhtida hiiglaslikku tehnoloogiaimpeeriumi -

it is an empire --

ja see on impeerium -

so that's an amazing testament to the power of open source.

mis eriti ilmekalt annab tunnistust avatud lähtekoodi võimsusest.

Tell us how you got to understand open source

Räägi palun, kuidas sa tundsid ära avatud lähtekoodi potentsiaali

and how it lead to the development of Linux.

ja kuidas see viis Linuxini.

LT: I mean, I still work alone.

Tegelikult töötan ma senini üksinda.

Päriselt, ma töötangi üksi oma kodus,

Really -- I work alone in my house,

often in my bathrobe.

sageli hommikumantlis.

When a photographer shows up, I dress up,

Kui tuleb fotograaf, panen riidesse,

so I have clothes on.

et mul oleks midagi seljas.

(Laughter)

Ja nii olen ma alati töötanud.

And that's how I've always worked.

I mean, this was how I started Linux, too.

Sedasi sai alguse ka Linux.

I did not start Linux as a collaborative project.

Linux ei sündinud kellegiga koostöös.

Hakkasin seda tegema samamoodi nagu mitmeid teisi projekte,

I started it as one in a series of many projects

I had done at the time for myself,

mida olin omaette nokitsenud,

partly because I needed the end result,

osalt seetõttu, et mul oli seda asja vaja,

but even more because I just enjoyed programming.

aga rohkem seetõttu, et mulle programmeerimine lihtsalt meeldis.

So it was about the end of the journey,

Nii et asi sai alguse lõppeesmärgist,

which, 25 years later, we still have not reached.

kuhu me nüüd, 25 aastat hiljem, endiselt jõudnud ei ole,

But it was really about the fact that I was looking for a project on my own

aga jah, kõik sai alguse sellest, et mul oli ühte konkreetset asja vaja

and there was no open source, really, on my radar at all.

ja avatud lähtekood ei olnud tegelikult mul üldse mõttes.

And what happened is ...

Ja siis juhtus see,

the project grows and becomes something you want to show off to people.

et projekt muudkui kasvas ja sellest tuli midagi, millega sai teiste ees eputada.

Really, this is more of a, "Wow, look at what I did!"

Nii et jah, see oli rohkem nagu "Vau, vaadake, mis ma siin tegin!"

And trust me -- it was not that great back then.

Uskuge mind, tollal polnud see midagi nii erilist.

Tegin selle kõigile kättesaadavaks

I made it publicly available,

ja tol hetkel ei olnudki asi avatud lähtekoodis.

and it wasn't even open source at that point.

At that point it was source that was open, but there was no intention

Jah, lähtekood oli küll avatud, aga polnud otsest kavatsust

behind using the kind of open-source methodology that we think of today

hakata kasutama avatud lähtekoodi nii, nagu me seda praegu mõistame,

to improve it.

et asja paremaks teha.

It was more like,

Pigem oli see nagu:

"Look, I've been working on this for half a year,

"Näete, olen selle kallal töötanud viimased pool aastat,

I'd love to have comments."

oleks tore, kui keegi midagi arvaks."

And other people approached me.

Ja siis hakati minuga ühendust võtma.

At the University of Helsinki,

Helsinki Ülikoolis oli mul sõber, kes oli üks avatud lähtekoodi fänn,

I had a friend who was one of the open source --

it was called mainly "free software" back then --

mida tollal kutsuti vabavaraks,

and he actually introduced me to the notion that, hey,

kes üldse pani mulle pähe mõtte, et võiks ju kasutada

you can use these open-source licenses that had been around.

neid avatud lähtekoodiga litsentse, mis juba olemas olid.

Ma siis mõtlesin veidi selle üle.

And I thought about it for a while.

Tegelikult hirmutas mind võimalik kommertshuvi.

I was actually worried about the whole commercial interests coming in.

I mean, that's one of the worries I think most people who start out have,

Uute lahenduste puhul ongi ju üks peamisi muresid see,

is that they worry about somebody taking advantage of their work, right?

et keegi kasutab nende tehtud tööd enda huvides ära, kas pole?

And I decided, "What the hell?"

Nii ma otsustasingi, et "Mida kuradit?!"

And --

Ja siis...

CA: And then at some point,

Ja siis mingil hetkel

pakkus keegi välja mingi programmi, mis pani sind mõtlema:

someone contributed some code that you thought,

"Wow, that really is interesting, I would not have thought of that.

"Vau, lahe, ma ei oleks ise selle peale tulnudki.

This could actually improve this."

Nii saab asja palju paremaks teha!"

LT: It didn't even start by people contributing code,

Asi ei saanud algust mitte sellest, et panustati koodidega

it was more that people started contributing ideas.

vaid sellest, et inimesed hakkasid oma ideedega panustama.

And just the fact that somebody else takes a look at your project --

Nii et pelgalt fakt, et keegi teine tunneb huvi su projekti vastu -

ilmselt on see nii ka teiste asjadega,

and I'm sure it's true of other things, too,

but it's definitely true in code --

aga kindlasti on see nii programmeerimisel,

is that somebody else takes an interest in your code,

et kui kellelegi teisele pakub su programm nii palju huvi

looks at it enough to actually give you feedback

et ta süveneb sellesse, annab tagasisidet ja uusi ideid.

and give you ideas.

That was a huge thing for me.

Minu jaoks oli see väga suur asi.

Olin tollal 21-aastane, väga noor,

I was 21 at the time, so I was young,

but I had already programmed for half my life, basically.

aga olin programmeerimisega tegelenud praktiliselt pool oma elust.

And every project before that had been completely personal

Kõik mu varasemad projektid olid täiesti enda tarbeks tehtud

and it was a revelation when people just started commenting,

ja see oli ikka väga eriline, kui teised hakkasid kommenteerima

started giving feedback on your code.

ja andma koodile tagasisidet.

And even before they started giving code back,

Veel enne seda kui mulle hakati koode vastu saatma

that was, I think, one of the big moments where I said,

oli minu jaoks pöördeline hetk, kus ma ütlesin:

"I love other people!"

"Ma armastan teisi inimesi!"

Don't get me wrong --

Ärge saage valesti aru,

I'm actually not a people person.

ma ei ole tegelikult inimeste inimene.

(Laughter)

(Naer)

I don't really love other people --

Ega mulle inimesed eriti ei meeldi.

(Laughter)

(Naer)

Aga ma armastan arvuteid,

But I love computers,

I love interacting with other people on email,

mulle meeldib suhelda meili teel,

sest see annab teatava puhvri.

because it kind of gives you that buffer.

But I do love other people who comment and get involved in my project.

Aga armastan neid, kes kommenteerivad ja tulevad mu projektiga kaasa.

And it made it so much more.

Ja see andis asjale väga palju juurde.

CA: So was there a moment when you saw what was being built

Aga kas oli üks hetk, kus said aru, mis tegelikult on sündimas

and it suddenly started taking off,

ja siis see sai hoo sisse

and you thought, "Wait a sec, this actually could be something huge,

ning sa mõtlesid, et oot-oot, siit võib tulla midagi suurt,

not just a personal project that I'm getting nice feedback on,

mitte enam väike hobiprojekt, millele antakse positiivset tagasisidet

but a kind of explosive development in the whole technology world"?

vaid hoopis plahvatuslik areng kogu tehnoloogiamaailma jaoks.

LT: Not really.

Mitte päris.

Minu jaoks ei olnud pöördeline hetk see, kui asi paisus ülisuureks,

I mean, the big point for me, really, was not when it was becoming huge,

it was when it was becoming little.

vaid see, kui see muutus väikeseks.

The big point for me was not being alone

Minu jaoks oli kõige tähtsam, et ma ei olnud üksi,

and having 10, maybe 100 people being involved --

et oli veel 10 või 100 inimest, kes asjaga tegelesid,

that was a big point.

see oli suur asi.

Then everything else was very gradual.

Kõik muu tuli järk-järgult.

Going from 100 people to a million people is not a big deal -- to me.

Kasv sajalt inimeselt miljonini pole minu jaoks eriline näitaja.

Well, I mean, maybe it is if you're --

Või ehk on, kui....

(Laughter)

Kui on huvi oma toodet müüa, siis muidugi on see oluline näitaja,

If you want to sell your result then it's a huge deal --

don't get me wrong.

ärge mind valesti mõistke.

But if you're interested in the technology

Aga kui tähtis on eelkõige tehnoloogia ja käsilolev projekt,

and you're interested in the project,

the big part was getting the community.

on kõige olulisem, et tekiks kogukond.

Then the community grew gradually.

Siis hakkas kogukond muudkui kasvama.

And there's actually not a single point where I went like,

Ja tegelikult ei olnudki ühte konkreetset hetke, mil oleksin öelnud:

"Vau, nüüd läks asi käima!",

"Wow, that just took off!" because it --

I mean -- it took a long time, relatively.

See võttis ikka suhteliselt kaua aega.

CA: So all the technologists that I talk to really credit you

Kõik tehnoloogiainimesed, kellega olen rääkinud,

with massively changing their work.

peavad just sinu teeneks, et nende töö on radikaalselt muutunud.

And it's not just Linux,

Mitte ainult tänu Linuxile,

it's this thing called Git,

on veel üks asi, GIT, tarkvara arenduse haldussüsteem

which is this management system for software development.

Tell us briefly about that and your role in that.

Räägi palun, millega tegu ja milline on sinu roll selles.

LT: So one of the issues we had,

Üks asi, millega me kimpus olime,

and this took a while to start to appear,

ja esialgu me seda ei adunud,

is when you ...

oli see, et...

When you grow from having 10 people or 100 people working on a project

Kui projekt, kus on 10 või 100 osalejalt kasvab 10 000 osalejani, siis...

to having 10,000 people, which --

I mean, right now we're in the situation where just on the kernel,

Praeguseks on asi selline, et ainult tuuma kallal

we have 1,000 people involved in every single release

töötab iga versiooni peal 1000 inimest

and that's every two months, roughly two or three months.

ja uus versioon tuleb välja iga kahe-kolme kuu tagant.

Osa nendest inimestest teeb väga väikesi lõike.

Some of those people don't do a lot.

There's a lot of people who make small, small changes.

On palju inimesi, kes teevad imeväikseid muudatusi.

But to maintain this,

Aga kõige majandamiseks sellises mastaabis

the scale changes how you have to maintain it.

on vaja hoopis teistsugust lähenemist

And we went through a lot of pain.

ja me nägime ikka kõvasti vaeva.

And there are whole projects that do only source-code maintenance.

On terveid projekte, mis tegelevad ainult lähtekoodi hooldusega.

CVS is the one that used to be the most commonly used,

CVS oli üks neist, mida tollal kasutati kõige rohkem

and I hated CVS with a passion and refused to touch it

ja ma vihkasin CVSi täiega, keeldusin seda kasutamast,

and tried something else that was radical and interesting

selle asemel proovisin midagi palju radikaalsemat ja põnevamat,

and everybody else hated.

mida kõik teised vihkasid.

CA: (Laughs)

LT: And we were in this bad spot,

Jõudsime omadega ummikusse

where we had thousands of people who wanted to participate,

kus oli tuhandeid huvilisi, kes tahtsid osaleda,

but in many ways, I was the kind of break point,

aga ma sain aru, et endistviisi enam edasi minna ei saa,

where I could not scale to the point

where I could work with thousands of people.

ma ei suuda nii mastaapset asja hallata ja töötada koos tuhandete inimestega.

So Git is my second big project,

GIT oli minu teine suur projekt,

which was only created for me to maintain my first big project.

mille tegin ainult selleks, et hallata oma esimest suurt projekti.

And this is literally how I work.

Nii ma põhimõtteliselt neid asju teengi.

I don't code for --

Ma ei tee programme selleks, et...

well, I do code for fun --

Või õigemini ma teen programme lõbu pärast,

but I want to code for something meaningful

aga ma tahan, et sellest programmist oleks midagi kasu.

so every single project I've ever done has been something I needed

Olen kõiki oma projekte teinud puhtalt oma vajadusest lähtuvalt

and --

CA: So really, both Linux and Git kind of arose

Nii et siis tegelikult sündisid Linux ja GIT justkui poolkogemata,

almost as an unintended consequence

of your desire not to have to work with too many people.

sellepärast, et sulle ei meeldi töötada teiste inimestega koos?

LT: Absolutely. Yes.

Täpselt nii!

(Laughter)

CA: That's amazing. LT: Yeah.

(Naer)

Väga lahe!

(Applause)

Samas oled just sina see mees, kes tegi tehnoloogias revolutsiooni

And yet, you're the man who's transformed technology

mitte ainult üks vaid kaks korda

not just once but twice,

and we have to try and understand why it is.

ja tahaks aru saada, kuidas see juhtus.

You've given us some clues, but ...

Üht-teist oled juba rääkinud, aga...

Here's a picture of you as a kid, with a Rubik's Cube.

Siin on pilt sinust lapsena, käes Rubiku kuubik.

You mentioned that you've been programming since you were like 10 or 11,

Ütlesid, et alustasid programmeerimisega 10-11 aasta vanuselt

half your life.

Kas sa olid nohikust arvutigeenius,

Were you this sort of computer genius, you know, übernerd,

were you the star at school who could do everything?

imelaps, kes oskas alati kõike?

What were you like as a kid?

Milline sa lapsena olid?

Ma olingi selline tüüpiline nohik.

LT: Yeah, I think I was the prototypical nerd.

I mean, I was ...

Selles mõttes, et ma ei olnud juba siis inimeste inimene.

I was not a people person back then.

That's my younger brother.

See on mu noorem vend.

I was clearly more interested in the Rubik's Cube

On näha, et Rubiku kuubik huvitab mind palju rohkem kui mu noorem vend.

than my younger brother.

(Laughter)

(Naer)

My younger sister, who's not in the picture,

Minu noorem õde, keda siin pildil ei ole,

when we had family meetings --

kui meil oli sugulastega tulemas mingi üritus,

and it's not a huge family, but I have, like, a couple of cousins --

ja meil polnud just palju sugulasi, aga mõned ikka,

she would prep me beforehand.

siis valmistas ta mind eelnevalt ette.

Like, before I stepped into the room she would say,

Enne kui ma tuppa tulin, seletas ta mulle,

"OK. That's so-and-so ..."

et vaata, see on nüüd see inimene,

Because I was not --

sest ma polnud nagu eriti...

I was a geek.

I was into computers,

Ma olin lihtsalt arvutifriik,

I was into math,

mulle meeldisid matemaatika ja füüsika, nendes olin ma tugev.

I was into physics.

I was good at that.

I don't think I was particularly exceptional.

Ma ei arva, et oleksin olnud midagi nii väga erilist.

Apparently, my sister said

Olen nõus oma õega, kes ütles,

that my biggest exceptional quality was that I would not let go.

et mu kõige silmapaistvam omadus on järeleandmatus.

CA: OK, so let's go there, because that's interesting.

Räägime sellest lähemalt, see on huvitav.

Nii et sa olid väga järjekindel.

You would not let go.

So that's not about being a geek and being smart,

Mitte niivõrd friik või ülitark vaid hoopis kangekaelne?

that's about being ... stubborn?

LT: That's about being stubborn.

Jah, olin selline järeleandmatu.

That's about, like,

Selles mõttes, et kui midagi alustasin, siis ma ei öelnud kohe varsti:

just starting something

and not saying, "OK, I'm done, let's do something else --

"OK, ma enam ei viitsi, teeme midagi muud. Näe, lahe läikiv asi!"

Look: shiny!"

Sama lugu on mul elus ka teiste asjadega.

And I notice that in many other parts in my life, too.

I lived in Silicon Valley for seven years.

Olen Silicon Valleys elanud seitse aastat.

And I worked for the same company, in Silicon Valley,

Ja töötanud kogu see aeg Silicon Valleys samas firmas.

Ainult Silicon Valleys, kogu aeg.

for the whole time.

That is unheard of.

See on midagi ennekuulmatut!

That's not how Silicon Valley works.

Silicon Valleys nii ei tehta!

The whole point of Silicon Valley is that people jump between jobs

Silicon Valley mõte ongi selles, et inimesed hüppavad ühelt töölt teisele

to kind of mix up the pot.

And that's not the kind of person I am.

Ma ei ole sellist tüüpi inimene.

CA: But during the actual development of Linux itself,

Aga Linuxi väljatöötamise protsessis

that stubbornness sometimes brought you in conflict with other people.

tekitas su kangekaelsus vahel ka konflikte?

Talk about that a bit.

Räägi sellest ka.

Was that essential to sort of maintain the quality of what was being built?

Kas oli kõige tähtsam oli kõrge kvaliteet kõiges, mida tegite?

How would you describe what happened?

Kuidas sa toimunut kirjeldaksid?

LT: I don't know if it's essential.

Ma ei tea, kas see oli nüüd kõige tähtsam.

Going back to the "I'm not a people person," --

Arvestades, et ma ei ole just inimeste inimene,

sometimes I'm also ...

siis teinekord olen ma...

shall we say,

kuidas nüüd öelda,

"myopic" when it comes to other people's feelings,

pime teiste inimeste tunnete suhtes.

and that sometimes makes you say things that hurt other people.

Ja seetõttu ütlen vahel asju, mis võivad teistele haiget teha.

And I'm not proud of that.

Ega ma ise selle üle uhke pole.

(Applause)

(Aplaus)

But, at the same time, it's --

Aga samas on inimesi,

I get people who tell me that I should be nice.

kes tulevad mulle ütlema, et peaksin olema sõbralikum.

And then when I try to explain to them that maybe you're nice,

Ja kui ma siis püüan neile seletada,

et sina, kes sa oled sõbralik, peaksid ehk hoopis ise agressiivsem olema,

maybe you should be more aggressive,

they see that as me being not nice.

siis arvatakse, et ma ei ole sõbralik.

(Laughter)

(Naer)

Ma tahan öelda, et inimesed on erinevad.

What I'm trying to say is we are different.

I'm not a people person;

Mina ei ole inimeste inimene,

it's not something I'm particularly proud of,

mitte et ma selle üle nüüd uhke oleksin,

but it's part of me.

aga selline ma olen.

And one of the things I really like about open source

Ja mis mulle avatud lähtekoodi juures väga meeldib, ongi see,

is it really allows different people to work together.

et ta võimaldab erinevatel inimestel koos töötada.

We don't have to like each other --

Me ei pea üksteisele meeldima,

and sometimes we really don't like each other.

ja vahel ei meeldi teine inimene üldse.

Really -- I mean, there are very, very heated arguments.

Päriselt ka, tuleb ikka ette väga teravaid konflikte.

But you can, actually, you can find things that --

On asju, kus lihtsalt pole võimalik

you don't even agree to disagree,

teise inimesega kompromissile jõuda,

it's just that you're interested in really different things.

sest teie huvid on täiesti erinevad.

And coming back to the point where I said earlier

Ja tulles tagasi selle juurde, mida ma enne ütlesin,

that I was afraid of commercial people taking advantage of your work,

et ma kartsin, et mingid ärimehed hakkavad minu tööd ära kasutama,

it turned out, and very quickly turned out,

siis sai väga kiiresti selgeks,

that those commercial people were lovely, lovely people.

et need äri-inimesed olid äärmiselt kenad inimesed.

And they did all the things that I was not at all interested in doing,

Ja nad tegid kõiki neid asju, mida ma ise üldse teha ei tahtnud,

ja neil olid täiesti erinevad eesmärgid.

and they had completely different goals.

And they used open source in ways that I just did not want to go.

Ja nad kasutasid avatud lähtekoodi nii, nagu mina ei oleks kunagi teinud.

But because it was open source they could do it,

Aga kuna see oli avatud kood, siis nad said seda teha

and it actually works really beautifully together.

ja tegelikult toimib see suurepäraselt!

And I actually think it works the same way.

Tegelikult toimibki see täpselt samamoodi.

You need to have the people-people, the communicators,

Ongi vaja, et inimeste inimesed, tegeleksid suhtlemisega,

the warm and friendly people

sellised soojad ja sõbralikud inimesed,

who like --

(Laughter)

(Naer)

really want to hug you and get you into the community.

kes nagu tahaksid kõiki kallistada ja üht suurt kogukonda luua.

But that's not everybody.

Aga kõik ei ole sellised.

And that's not me.

Ma ise selline ei ole.

I care about the technology.

Mind huvitab tehnoloogia.

There are people who care about the UI.

Samas on neid, kelle jaoks on tähtis kasutajaliides.

I can't do UI to save my life.

Ma ei oskaks kasutajaliidest teha ka surmaähvardusel.

I mean, if I was stranded on an island

Kui satuksin üksikule saarele

and the only way to get off that island was the make a pretty UI,

ja ainus viis saarelt pääsemiseks oleks disainida hea kasutajaliides,

I'd die there.

siis ma sinna ka sureksin.

(Laughter)

So there's different kinds of people,

(Naer)

Nii et jah, inimesi on erinevaid

and I'm not making excuses, I'm trying to explain.

ja ma ei otsigi siin vabandusi, vaid püüan selgitada.

CA: Now, when we talked last week,

Kui me eelmisel nädalal rääkisime,

you talked about some other trait that you have,

siis sa mainisid endal veel üht omadust,

which I found really interesting.

mis minu arust on väga põnev,

It's this idea called taste.

nimelt hea maitse.

And I've just got a couple of images here.

Vaatame neid pilte.

See on näide mitte just kõige parema maitsega tehtud programmist

I think this is an example of not particularly good taste in code,

and this one is better taste,

ja see siin on parema maitsega tehtud,

which one can immediately see.

mis hakkab ka kohe silma.

What is the difference between these two?

Mis neil kahel aga vahet on?

LT: So this is --

Asi on selles, et...

How many people here actually have coded?

Kui paljud siin on kunagi midagi programmeerinud?

CA: Oh my goodness.

Heldeke!

Ma olen päris kindel,

LT: So I guarantee you,

everybody who raised their hand,

et kõik, kes siin käe tõstsid,

they have done what's called a singly-linked list.

on kunagi teinud lihtahelat.

And it's taught --

Ja seda õpetatakse...

See esimene mitte nii hea maitsega programm on näide sellest,

This, the first not very good taste approach,

is basically how it's taught to be done when you start out coding.

kuidas programmeerimist õpetatakse päris algajatele.

And you don't have to understand the code.

Selleks pole vaja koodist aru saada.

The most interesting part to me

Minu jaoks on aga kõige huvitavam

is the last if statement.

see viimane 'if' lausend.

Because what happens in a singly-linked list --

Sest lihtahelaga on nii, et kui sellest

this is trying to remove an existing entry from a list --

püütakse eemaldada üht sisendit,

and there's a difference between if it's the first entry

ja on suur vahe, kas see on esimene sisend

or whether it's an entry in the middle.

või on see sisend ahela keskel.

Because if it's the first entry,

Sest kui tegu on esimese sisendiga,

you have to change the pointer to the first entry.

tuleb muuta ära ka esimese sisendi viide.

If it's in the middle,

Kui see on aga keskel,

you have to change the pointer of a previous entry.

tuleb muuta eelneva sisendi viidet.

So they're two completely different cases.

Need on kaks täiesti erinevat asja.

CA: And that's better.

Jah, see on parem.

LT: And this is better.

It does not have the if statement.

Siin ei ole "if" lausendit.

Põhimõtteliselt siin vahet pole.

And it doesn't really matter --

I don't want you understand why it doesn't have the if statement,

Polegi oluline aru saada, miks siin 'if' lausendit pole,

aga ma tahan, et saaksite aru,

but I want you to understand

that sometimes you can see a problem in a different way

et teinekord on probleemi võimalik vaadata teise nurga alt

ja kirjutada see ümber nii, et erisus kaob ära

and rewrite it so that a special case goes away

and becomes the normal case.

ja sellest saab tavaline kood.

And that's good code.

Ja selline ongi hea programm.

But this is simple code.

Aga see on lihtne kood.

This is CS 101.

See on CS 101.

This is not important -- although, details are important.

Tegelikult pole vahet, kuigi detailid on olulised.

To me, the sign of people I really want to work with

Neil inimestel, kellega koos ma tõesti tahan töötada

is that they have good taste, which is how ...

on olemas see hea maitse, mis väljendub selles, mida siin nägite.

I sent you this stupid example

See oli veidi tobe näide,

that is not relevant because it's too small.

mis ei olnud päris asjakohane, kuna on liiga tühine.

Good taste is much bigger than this.

Hea maitse on palju enamat kui see.

Good taste is about really seeing the big patterns

Hea maitse seisneb võimes näha suuremat pilti,

and kind of instinctively knowing what's the right way to do things.

võimes tunda instinktiivselt ära, kuidas oleks kõige õigem asju teha.

CA: OK, so we're putting the pieces together here now.

OK, võtame nüüd siis kõik selle kokku.

Sul on hea maitse, millest saavad aru tarkvaraga tegelevad inimesed.

You have taste,

in a way that's meaningful to software people.

You're --

(Naer)

(Laughter)

Ma arvan, et siin on nii mõnigi, kes ka seda hinnata oskab.

LT: I think it was meaningful to some people here.

CA: You're a very smart computer coder,

Oled väga andekas programmeerija

and you're hellish stubborn.

ja sa oled pagana kangekaelne.

Aga midagi peab ju veel olema!

But there must be something else.

Sa oled ju muutnud tulevikku!

I mean, you've changed the future.

You must have the ability of these grand visions of the future.

Sul peab olema mingi võime suuri tulevikuvisioone näha.

You're a visionary, right?

Sa oled ju visionäär?

Ausalt öeldes olen end siin TEDil kuidagi ebamugavalt tundunud,

LT: I've actually felt slightly uncomfortable at TED

for the last two days,

because there's a lot of vision going on, right?

sest siin on õhk visioonidest paks.

And I am not a visionary.

Ja ma ei ole mingi visionäär.

I do not have a five-year plan.

Mul pole viie-aastast plaani.

I'm an engineer.

Ma olen insener.

And I think it's really --

Ja minu arust on lihtsalt...

I mean -- I'm perfectly happy with all the people

Mul pole midagi inimeste vastu,

who are walking around and just staring at the clouds

kes käivad ringi pea pilvedes, vahivad tähti ja ütlevad,

and looking at the stars and saying, "I want to go there."

et tahaks sinna minna.

But I'm looking at the ground,

Aga mina vaatan enda ette maha

and I want to fix the pothole that's right in front of me

ja ma tahan ära lappida teeaugud otse mu jalge ees

before I fall in.

enne kui ma sinna sisse kukun.

This is the kind of person I am.

Selline ma lihtsalt olen.

(Cheers)

(Aplaus)

(Applause)

Eelmisel nädalal rääkisid sa nendest kahest mehest.

CA: So you spoke to me last week about these two guys.

Kes need on ja mida nad sinu jaoks tähendavad?

Who are they and how do you relate to them?

LT: Well, so this is kind of cliché in technology,

Jah, tehnoloogiamaailmas on saanud juba klišeeks

the whole Tesla versus Edison,

kogu see Tesla versus Edison teema.

where Tesla is seen as the visionary scientist and crazy idea man.

Teslat kujutatakse visionäärina, hullu teadlase ja ideede generaatorina.

And people love Tesla.

Ja Tesla meeldib inimestele väga.

I mean, there are people who name their companies after him.

Mõned panevad isegi oma firmale tema nime.

(Laughter)

(Naer)

See teine mees on Edison.

The other person there is Edison,

keda tihti tögatakse nagu mingit jalameest.

who is actually often vilified for being kind of pedestrian

and is --

Tema tuntuim tsitaat on selline:

I mean, his most famous quote is,

"Geenius on 1% inspiratsiooni ja 99% järjekindlust"

"Genius is one percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration."

And I'm in the Edison camp,

Mina olen Edisoni poolt,

even if people don't always like him.

isegi kui ta inimestele väga ei meeldi.

Because if you actually compare the two,

Sest kui nüüd neid kahte võrrelda,

Tesla has kind of this mind grab these days,

siis on Tesla tänapäeval küll tuntum,

but who actually changed the world?

kuid kes tegelikult maailma muutis?

Edison may not have been a nice person,

Edison ei olnud ehk inimesena kuigi tore,

he did a lot of things --

aga ta tegi ära palju asju.

he was maybe not so intellectual,

Ta ei olnud ehk eriline intellektuaal

not so visionary.

ega suur visionäär,

But I think I'm more of an Edison than a Tesla.

aga ma leian, et olen rohkem Edisoni kui Tesla tüüpi.

CA: So our theme at TED this week is dreams --

Meie seekordse TEDi teema on unistused, suured ja ambitsioonikad unistused.

big, bold, audacious dreams.

You're really the antidote to that.

Sina räägid meile aga hoopis vastupidist.

LT: I'm trying to dial it down a bit, yes.

Jah, ma püüan tuure veidi vähemaks võtta.

CA: That's good.

Tore on.

(Laughter)

We embrace you, we embrace you.

(Naer)

Me tunnustame sind!

Google ja mitmed teised firmad on väidetavalt ajanud kokku miljoneid

Companies like Google and many others have made, arguably,

like, billions of dollars out of your software.

tänu sinu loodud tarkvarale.

Kas see ei aja sind närvi?

Does that piss you off?

LT: No.

Ei.

No, it doesn't piss me off for several reasons.

Ei, see ei aja mind närvi ja seda mitmel põhjusel.

Üks neist on see, et mul läheb hästi.

And one of them is, I'm doing fine.

Mul läheb tõesti hästi.

I'm really doing fine.

But the other reason is --

Aga teine põhjus on see,

I mean, without doing the whole open source and really letting go thing,

et kui poleks olnud avatud lähtekoodi, mis on kõigile kättesaadav,

Linux would never have been what it is.

siis poleks Linux jõudnud sinna, kus ta praegu on.

And it's brought experiences I don't really enjoy, public talking,

See on toonud kaasa kogemusi, mida ma just eriti ei naudi,

nagu avalikud esinemised,

but at the same time, this is an experience.

aga samas on see ju omaette kogemus.

Trust me.

So there's a lot of things going on that make me a very happy man

On juhtunud igasuguseid asju, mis on mind õnnelikuks teinud,

and thinking I did the right choices.

ja seetõttu usun, et minu valikud olid õiged.

CA: Is the open source idea --

Kas avatud lähtekoodi idee on oma potentsiaali nüüdseks ammendanud

this is, I think we'll end here --

is the open source idea fully realized now in the world,

or is there more that it could go,

või on veel midagi, mida sellega teha?

are there more things that it could do?

Kuidas seda veel rakendada?

LT: So, I'm of two minds there.

See on mõneti vastuoluline küsimus.

I think one reason open source works so well in code

Üks põhjus, miks avatud lähtekood on programeerimisel end õigustanud,

is that at the end of the day,

on see, et oma põhiolemuselt on koodid üldiselt mustvalged.

code tends to be somewhat black and white.

There's often a fairly good way to decide,

Reeglina on alati võimalik hinnata,

this is done correctly and this is not done well.

kas asi on tehtud korralikult või mitte.

Kood kas toimib või ei toimi,

Code either works or it doesn't,

which means that there's less room for arguments.

mis tähendab, et vaidlusteks siin väga ruumi ei jää.

And we have arguments despite this, right?

Ja me ikka vaidleme selle üle, kas pole?

Aga paljudes teistes valdkondades...

In many other areas --

I mean, people have talked about open politics and things like that --

On räägitud avatud poliitikast ja muust sellisest,

and it's really hard sometimes to say

ja sageli on väga raske öelda,

that, yes, you can apply the same principles in some other areas

et samu põhimõtteid on võimalik rakendada ka teistes eluvaldkondades,

just because the black and white turns into not just gray,

tulenevalt sellest, et must ja valge ei muutu pelgalt halliks,

vaid reaalsuses on värve rohkem.

but different colors.

So, obviously open source in science is making a comeback.

Jah, avatud lähtekood teaduses on taas populaarne.

Science was there first.

Teadus oligi ju esimene,

But then science ended up being pretty closed,

aga siis muutus teadus kinnisemaks,

with very expensive journals and some of that going on.

tekkisid väga kallid ajakirjad ja muu selline värk.

And open source is making a comeback in science,

Nüüd on aga avatud lähtekood teadusesse naasmas

with things like arXiv and open journals.

näiteks arXivi ja tasuta ajakirjade näol.

Wikipedia muidugi muutis ka maailma.

Wikipedia changed the world, too.

So there are other examples,

Nii et neid näiteid on

I'm sure there are more to come.

ja ma olen kindel, et tuleb juurde.

Aga kuna sa ei ole visionäär, ei oska sa ühtegi nimetada.

CA: But you're not a visionary,

and so it's not up to you to name them.

Ei.

LT: No.

(Laughter)

Teie oletegi ju need, kes neid tegema hakkavad?

It's up to you guys to make them, right?

CA: Exactly.

Just.

Linus Torvalds,

Linus Torvalds, aitäh sulle Linuxi eest,

thank you for Linux, thank you for the Internet,

aitäh sulle Interneti eest

thank you for all those Android phones.

aitäh kõikide Androidi telefonide eest.

Thank you for coming here to TED and revealing so much of yourself.

Aitäh, et tulid TEDile ja endast rääkisid.

Aitäh sulle!

LT: Thank you.

(Applause)

(Aplaus)