How to design a library that makes kids want to read | Michael Bierut

Translator: Anni Polding Reviewer: Aari Lemmik

So there's this thing called the law of unintended consequences.

On olemas selline asi nagu ettekavatsemata tagajärgede seadus.

Mõtlesin, et nii lihtsalt öeldakse,

I thought it was just like a saying,

but it actually exists, I guess.

aga see on vist tegelikult ka olemas,

There's, like, academic papers about it.

seda on isegi teaduslikult uuritud.

And I'm a designer.

Mina olen disainer.

I don't like unintended consequences.

Mulle ootamatud tagajärjed ei istu.

People hire me because they have consequences that they really intend,

Mind palgatakse siis, kui teatakse, mida tahetakse saavutada

and what they intend is for me to help them achieve those consequences.

ja minu töö on aidata selle tulemuseni jõuda.

So I live in fear of unintended consequences.

Nii et ma kohe kardan igasuguseid ootamatuid tagajärgi.

And so this is a story about consequences intended and unintended.

See lugu ongi plaanitud ja plaanimata tagajärgedest.

I got called by an organization called Robin Hood

Minuga võttis ühendust selline organisatsioon nagu Robin Hood

ja palus, et ma neid aitaksin.

to do a favor for them.

Robin Hood is based in New York, a wonderful philanthropic organization

Robin Hood on New Yorgis asuv heategevuslik organisatsioon,

that does what it says in the name.

mis, nagu nimigi ütleb, võtab rikastelt ära ja annab vaestele.

They take from rich people, give it to poor people.

In this case, what they wanted to benefit was the New York City school system,

Seekord võtsid nad nõuks toetada New Yorgi koolivõrku,

a huge enterprise that educates more than a million students at a time,

tohutut masinavärki, kus õpib üle miljonile õpilase

and in buildings that are like this one,

koolimajades, mis näevad välja nagu see

old buildings, big buildings,

vanad, suured ja kõledad hooned,

drafty buildings, sometimes buildings that are in disrepair,

sageli väga armetus olukorras majad,

certainly buildings that could use a renovation.

mis vajaksid hädasti remonti.

Robin Hood had this ambition to improve these buildings in some way,

Robin Hood tahtis neid koolimaju kuidagi paremaks teha,

but what they realized was

aga nad said aru,

to fix the buildings would be too expensive and impractical.

et hoonete täielik remont oleks liiga kallis ja teostamatu.

So instead they tried to figure out what one room they could go into

Selle asemel püüti mõelda, mis võiks olla see üks ruum

in each of these buildings, in as many buildings that they could,

mille saaks igas koolis ette võtta, võimalikult paljudes koolimajades,

and fix that one room

ja teha see ruum täiesti korda,

so that they could improve the lives of the children inside

nii et kõikidel selle kooli õpilastel,

oleks sellest kasu.

as they were studying.

And what they came up with was the school library,

Jõuti otsusele, et see koht on kooli raamatukogu,

and they came up with this idea called the Library Initiative.

sellest sündis algatus nimetusega Library Initiative.

All the students have to pass through the library.

Kõik õpilased käivad ju raamatukogus,

sest seal on raamatud,

That's where the books are.

That's where the heart and soul of the school is.

raamatukogu on kooli hing ja süda.

Tehkem raamatukogud korda!

So let's fix these libraries.

So they did this wonderful thing where they brought in

Nõnda sai alguse imetore ettevõtmine,

kuhu kaasati esmalt 10, siis 20 ja siis veel rohkem arhitekti.

first 10, then 20, then more architects,

each one of whom was assigned a library to rethink what a library was.

Igaühele anti üks raamatukogu, et mõtestada ümber raamatukogu olemus.

They trained special librarians.

Koolitati välja raamatukogutöötajad,

So they started this mighty enterprise

alustati mastaapse projektiga,

to reform public schools by improving these libraries.

et reformida riigikoole alustades raamatukogudest.

Then they called me up and they said, "Could you make a little contribution?"

Minult küsiti, kas ma saaksin sellesse ettevõtmisse panustada.

I said, "Sure, what do you want me to do?"

Vastasin, et sobib, mida vaja teha?

And they said, "Well, we want you to be the graphic designer

Nad ütlesid, et tahaksid, et oleksin graafiline disainer,

in charge of the whole thing."

kes kogu asja eest vastutab.

Arvasin, et minult tahetakse, et teeksin neile logo.

And so I thought, I know what that means. That means I get to design a logo.

I know how to design that. I design logos.

Seda ma oskan, logod on minu teema,

That's what people come to me for.

see ongi mu igapäevatöö.

So OK, let's design a logo for this thing.

Hea küll, kujundame siis logo.

Easy to do, actually, compared with architecture

Midagi rasket siin pole

and being a librarian.

võrreldes arhitekti ja raamatukoguhoidja tööga.

Just do a logo, make a contribution, and then you're out,

Lihtsalt üks logo valmis ja asi ants,

and you feel really good about yourself.

endal ka hea tunne,

And I'm a great guy and I like to feel good about myself when I do these favors.

et olen lahke mees ja saan kellelegi head teha.

So I thought, let's overdeliver.

Nii mõtlesingi, et teeks rohkem.

Teen selle idee põhjal lausa kolm logo.

I'm going to give you three logos, all based on this one idea.

So you have three options, pick any of the three.

Teil on siin kolm varianti, valige ükskõik milline,

They're all great, I said.

kõik sobivad suurepäraselt.

So the basic idea was these would be new school libraries

Projekti eesmärgiks oli, et NEW Yorgi koolid

for New York schools,

saaksid uued (NEW) raamatukogud,

and so the idea is that it's a new thing, a new idea that needs a new name.

kuna see on täiesti UUS lähenemine, siis tuleks asjale anda ka UUS nimi.

What I wanted to do was dispel the idea that these were musty old libraries,

Tahtsin saada lahti kuvandist, et raamatukogu on kulunud, tolmune,

the kind of places that everyone is bored with,

surmigavad ja mõttetud kohad,

you know, not your grandparents' library.

et raamatukogu oma aja ära elanud.

Don't worry about that at all.

Pole probleemi.

This is going to this new, exciting thing,

Teeme midagi uut ja lahedat,

not a boring library.

mitte mingit mõttetut kohta.

So option number one:

Esimene variant:

so instead of thinking of it as a library,

tavapärase raamatukogu asemel on uus koht selline,

think of it as a place where it is like: do talk, do make loud noises.

kus on OK juttu rääkida ja valju häält teha.

Right? So no shushing, it's like a shush-free zone.

Onju? Keegi ei sisista “Psssst!”, see on pssst!-vaba tsoon.

We're going to call it the Reading Room.

Mõtlesime, et nimeks võiks olla Lugemistuba.

That was option number one. OK, option number two.

See oli esimene variant.

Variant number kaks, pange nüüd tähele, oli...

Option number two was, wait for it,

OWL.

...OWL (öökull).

I'll meet you at OWL.

Saame OWLis kokku!

I'm getting my book from the OWL. Meet you after school down at OWL.

“Võtan OWList oma raamatu." "Kohtume peale kooli OWLis.”

I like that, right? Now, what does OWL stand for?

Lahe mu arust, eks? Mida OWL tähendab?

Well, it could be One World Library,

Näiteks One World Library,

or it could be Open. Wonder. Learn.

või Open (ava), Wonder (taha teada), Learn (õpi).

Or it could be -- and I figure librarians could figure out other things it could be

Või hoopis -- usun, et raamatukogu töötajatel oleks veel variante,

because they know about words.

sest nad on osavad sõnasepad.

So other things, right?

Nii et, mida iganes.

And then look at this. It's like the eye of the owl.

Vaadake, see siin on kui öökulli silm,

This is irresistible in my opinion.

täiesti vastupandamatu.

Aga oli veel üks mõte.

But there's even another idea.

Option number three.

Variant number kolm.

Option number three was based actually on language.

Variant kolm oli tuletatud inglise keele grammatikast.

It's the idea that "read" is the past tense of "read,"

Sõna “read” (loetud/luges) kirjapilt on sama,

and they're both spelled the same way.

mis sõnal “red” (punane),

So why don't we call this place The Red Zone?

Nimetaks selle koha Punaseks Tsooniks?

I'll meet you at the Red Zone.

Kohtume Punases/Lugemise Tsoonis.

Are you Red? Get Red.

Oled juba lugenud/punane? Loe läbi/saa punaseks!

I'm well Red.

Olen palju lugenud/väga punane.

(Laughter)

(Naer)

I really loved this idea,

Mulle see idee väga meeldis

and I somehow was not focused on the idea

ja mul läks juhtumisi meelest,

that librarians as a class are sort of interested in spelling and I don't know.

et raamatukogutöötajad on õigekirja osas väga tundlikud.

(Laughter)

(Naer)

But sometimes cleverness is more important than spelling,

Aga vahel on vaimukus tähtsam kui ortograafia

and I thought this would be one of those instances.

ja mulle paistis, et antud juhul ongi.

So usually when I make these presentations

Tavaliselt ütlen oma ideed tutvustades,

I say there's just one question and the question should be,

et teil saab olla vaid üks küsimus:

“Kuidas sind küll tänada, Mike?"

"How can I thank you, Mike?"

But in this case, the question was more like,

Aga sel korral küsiti pigem,

"Um, are you kidding?"

“Sa teed nalja või?”

Because, they said,

Nad selgitasid mulle,

the premise of all this work

et minu idee lähtub eeldusest,

was that kids were bored with old libraries, musty old libraries.

et lapsed on tüdinud kulunud tolmustest raamatukogudest,

They were tired of them.

mis neile üldse ei meeldi.

And instead, they said, these kids have never really seen a library.

Asi oli hoopis selles, et lapsed polnud raamatukogu näinudki.

The school libraries in these schools

Nendes koolides olid raamatukogud nii armetud,

are really so dilapidated, if they're there at all,

et isegi kui raamatukogu olemas oli,

that they haven't bored anyone.

ei olnud lapsed seal käinud.

They haven't even been there to bore anyone at all.

Mida ei teata, see ei saa ka ära tüüdata.

So the idea was, just forget about giving it a new name.

Nii polnud mõtet tegeleda uue nime leiutamisega.

Just call it, one last try, a library.

Prooviks nimetada asja siiski raamatukoguks.

Right? OK.

Heakene küll.

So I thought, OK, give it a little oomph?

Mõtlesin siis, et lisaks veidi värvi.

Exclamation point?

Paneks hüüumärgi?

Then -- this is because I'm clever --

Ja siis olin ma nii kaval,

move that into the "i,"

et paneks selle hüüumärgi “i” kohale,

make it red,

ja teeks punaseks,

and there you have it, the Library Initiative.

nii oleks meil L!brary Initiative.

So I thought, mission accomplished, there's your logo.

Tundus, et tehtud, logo olemas.

So what's interesting about this logo, an unintended consequence,

Selle logo ettenägematuks tagajärjeks oli aga see,

was that it turned out that they didn't really even need my design

et tegelikult polnud neil minu disaini isegi vaja,

because you could type it any font, you could write it by hand,

sest seda sai igas kirjastiilis trükkida või käsitsi kirjutada,

and when they started sending emails around,

e-mailis tuli lihtsalt vajutada Shift+1.

they just would use Shift and 1,

they'd get their own logo just right out of the thing.

Logo sündis suurema vaevata justkui iseenesest.

And I thought, well, that's fine.

Mõtlesin siis, et mis seal ikka.

Feel free to use that logo.

Kasutage julgelt seda logo.

And then I embarked on the real rollout of this thing --

Siis aga tabasin ära, mida olime tegelikult saavutanud:

working with every one of the architects

koostöö kõikide nende arhitektidega,

to put this logo on the front door of their own library. Right?

et saaks selle logo panna raamatukogu uksele, eks ole?

Tegelik saavutus seisnes hoopis muus.

So here's the big rollout.

Basically I'd work with different architects.

Töötasin erinevate arhitektidega.

First Robin Hood was my client. Now these architects were my client.

Esmalt oli mu kliendiks Robin Hood.

Seejärel said mu klientideks arhitektid.

I'd say, "Here's your logo. Put it on the door."

Ütlen neile: “Siin on logo. Pange uksele."

"Here's your logo. Put it on both doors."

“Pange see logo ukse mõlemale poole.”

"Here's your logo. Put it off to the side."

“Pange see logo siia külje peale.”

"Here's your logo repeated all over to the top."

“Siin on need logod üle kogu ukse.”

So everything was going swimmingly.

Kõik läks kui lepase reega.

I just was saying, "Here's your logo. Here's your logo."

Pidin kõigile lihtsalt seda logo näitama.

Siis sain aga kõne arhitektilt, kelle nimi on Richard Lewis.

Then I got a call from one of the architects,

a guy named Richard Lewis, and he says, "I've got a problem.

Ta ütles, et tal on probleem:

“Sa jagad seda graafikat, äkki saad aidata?”

You're the graphics guy. Can you solve it?"

Ütlesin, et OK.

And I said, OK, sure."

And he said, "The problem is that there's a space

Ta ütles, et probleem on selles,

between the shelf and the ceiling."

et riiulite ja lae vahele jääb tühimik.

So that sounds like an architectural issue to me,

Probleem tundus pigem arhitektuuriline kui graafilise disaini teema,

not a graphic design issue, so I'm, "Go on."

palusin lähemalt selgitada.

And Richard says, "Well, the top shelf has to be low enough

Richard selgitas, et ülemine riiul peab olema piisavalt madalal,

for the kid to reach it,

et lapsed sinna ulataks,

but I'm in a big old building, and the ceilings are really high,

aga see on vana kõrgete lagedega maja

so actually I've got all this space up there

ja sinna vahele jääb lai tühimik,

and I need something like a mural."

kus võiks olla mingi seinamaaling.

And I'm like, "Whoa, you know, I'm a logo designer.

Ütlesin talle, et pidagu nüüd hoogu,

ma teen logosid ja pole mingi Diego Rivera,

I'm not Diego Rivera or something.

I'm not a muralist."

ma ei tee seinamaalinguid.

And so he said, "But can't you think of anything?"

Aga ta käis peale, et ma midagi ikka välja mõtleks

So I said, "OK, what if we just took pictures of the kids in the school

ja nii tuli mõte, et teeks pilte selle kooli õpilastest

and just put them around the top of the thing,

ja paneks siis need riiulite kohale,

and maybe that could work."

äkki see oleks hea lahendus.

And my wife is a photographer,

Mu naine on fotograaf,

and I said, "Dorothy, there's no budget,

ütlesin talle: "Dorothy, selle eest ei maksta,

can you come to this school in east New York, take these pictures?"

aga kas saaksid tulla ühte New Yorgi kooli pilte tegema?”

And she did,

Ja ta tuligi.

and if you go in Richard's library,

Ja kui nüüd minna Richardi raamatukokku,

which is one of the first that opened,

mis on üks esimesi, mis avati,

it has this glorious frieze of, like, the heroes of the school,

siis näete seinal reas hiiglasuuri kooli staare,

oversized, looking down

kes justkui vaatavad alla

into the little dollhouse of the real library, right?

raamatukogu väiksesse nukumajja.

And the kids were great, hand-selected by the principals

Lapsed olid nii vahvad,

õpetajad ja raamatukoguhoidjad valisid ise need õpilased välja.

and the librarian.

It just kind of created this heroic atmosphere in this library,

Raamatukogus tekkis võimas atmosfäär,

this very dignified setting below and the joy of the children above.

kus alloleva väärika ruumi peale vaatavad ülalt rõõmsad lapsed.

So naturally all the other librarians in the other schools see this

Ja kui siis teiste koolide raamatukoguhoidjad seda nägid,

and they said, well, we want murals too.

tahtsid nad ka selliseid pilte.

And I'm like, OK.

Hea küll siis.

So then I think, well, it can't be the same mural every time,

Mulle tundus, et igal pool ei saa olla ju sama pilt,

so Dorothy did another one, and then she did another one,

ja nii tegi Dorothy tegi veel pilte ühte ja teise kooli,

but then we needed more help,

aga siis vajasime juba lisajõudu,

so I called an illustrator I knew named Lynn Pauley,

ja ma helistasin tuttavale illustraatorile Lynn Pauleyle,

and Lynn did these beautiful paintings of the kids.

kes neid armsaid lapsi maalis.

Then I called a guy named Charles Wilkin at a place called Automatic Design.

Siis helistasin Charles Wilkinile kes töötab Automatic Designis.

He did these amazing collages.

Tema tehtud on need lahedad kollaažid.

We had Rafael Esquer

Kutsusime Rafael Esqueri,

do these great silhouettes.

kes tegi vahvaid kujutisi.

He would work with the kids, asking for words,

Ta rääkis lastega ja lasi neil öelda sõnu ja tegi nendest siis

and then based on those prompts,

come up with this little, delirious kind of constellation

igasuguseid naljakaid kompositsioone raamatutegelaste piltidest.

of silhouettes of things that are in books.

Peter Arkle interviewed the kids

Peter Arkle rääkis lastega nende lemmikraamatutest

and had them talk about their favorite books

ja kirjutas nende mõtted seinale.

and he put their testimony as a frieze up there.

Stefan Sagmeister worked with Yuko Shimizu

Stefan Sagmeister ja Yuko Shmizu

and they did this amazing manga-style statement,

tegid koos väga laheda manga stiilis loosungi:

"Everyone who is honest is interesting,"

“Kõik, kes on ausad, on ka huvitavad”,

that goes all the way around.

mis on kirjutatud üle nelja seina.

Christoph Niemann, brilliant illustrator,

Christoph Niemann, andekas illustraator, tegi mitmeid maalinguid,

did a whole series of things

where he embedded books into the faces and characters

kus raamatud olid joonistatud

and images and places that you find in the books.

juturaamatutest tuttavatele nägudele, tegelastele ja kohtadesse.

And then even Maira Kalman

Ja siis isegi Maira Kalman

did this amazing cryptic installation of objects and words

kes tegi salapärase installatsiooni igasugu asjadest ja sõnadest

that kind of go all around and will fascinate students

mis on üle kogu seina ja mida lapsed saavad siis uudistada

for as long as it's up there.

kuni see seal üleval püsib.

So this was really satisfying,

Mulle meeldis see väga

and basically my role here was reading a series of dimensions to these artists,

ja minu osaks oli kunstnikele mõõtude etteandmine stiilis:

and I would say,

“1 x 4,5 meetrit, tehke, mida tahate.

"Three feet by 15 feet, whatever you want.

Let me know if you have any problem with that."

Öelge, kui mingi mure tekib.”

And they would go and install these. It just was the greatest thing.

Ja nad tegid sinna, mis nad tahtsid. See oli kohutavalt lahe!

But the greatest thing, actually, was --

Aga kõige lahedam oli see,

Every once in a while,

et iga natukese aja tagant leidsin oma postkastist

I'd get, like, an invitation in the mail made of construction paper,

ehituspapist valmistatud kutse:

“Olete oodatud meie uue raamatukogu avamisele.”

and it would say, "You are invited to the opening of our new library."

Ja siis lähed sinna raamatukokku, mis on tavaline linnakool,

So you'd go to the library, say, you'd go to PS10,

and you'd go inside.

ja kui lähed sisse,

There'd be balloons, there'd be a student ambassador,

siis on seal uhked õhupallid, seal on õpilaste esindaja,

there'd be speeches that were read,

peetakse kõnesid,

poetry that was written specifically for the opening,

loetakse luulet, mis on kirjutatud ekstra avamise puhuks,

dignitaries would present people with certificates,

tähtsad asjamehed annavad üle tänukirju

and the whole thing was just a delirious, fun party.

ja kogu see üritus on üks meeletult lõbus pidu.

So I loved going to these things.

Mulle nii meeldis avamistel käia.

I would stand there dressed like this, obviously not belonging,

Olin samamoodi riides kui praegu, erinedes teistest kohaolijatest,

and someone would say, "What are you doing here, mister?"

ja mõni tuleb küsima, et härra, mis teie siin teete?

And I'd say, "Well, I'm part of the team that designed this place."

Vastan talle, et olen üks neist, kes selle koha kujundas.

Siis küsitakse, et kas teie tegite need riiulid?

And they'd said, "You do these shelves?"

And I said, "No." "You took the pictures up above."

Vastan, et ei.

“Kas teie tegite need pildid?”

"No."

"Ei"

"Well, what did you do?"

“Aga mis te siis tegite?”

"You know when you came in? The sign over the door?"

“Kas märkasite sisse tulles seda kirja ukse kohal,

"The sign that says library?"

seda silti L!BRARY?”

(Laughter)

(Naer)

"Yeah, I did that!"

“See on minu tehtud!”

And then they'd sort of go, "OK. Nice work if you can get it."

Selle peale öeldakse: “Noh, asi seegi.”

So it was so satisfying going to these little openings

Aga mul oli väga tore nendel avamistel käia,

despite the fact that I was kind of largely ignored or humiliated,

kuigi mind ignoreeriti ja alandati seal päris kõvasti.

but it was actually fun going to the openings,

Aga ikka oli väga lahe,

so I decided that I wanted to get the people in my office

nii et ma otsustasin kutsuda kokku need,

who had worked on these projects, get the illustrators and photographers,

kes selles projektis osalesid, kõik kunstnikud ja fotograafid,

ütlesin neile, et mis oleks, kui rendiks bussi

and I said, why don't we rent a van

and drive around the five boroughs of New York

ja sõidaks läbi New Yorgi viie linnaosa

and see how many we could hit at one time.

ja vaataks mitmesse raamatukokku jõuame.

And eventually there were going to be 60 of these libraries,

Lõpuks sai neid raamatukogusid 60,

so we probably got to see maybe half a dozen in one long day.

jõudsime ühe pika päeva jooksul näha vaid 5-6 raamatukogu.

And the best thing of all was meeting these librarians

Kõige toredamad olid kohtumised raamatukoguhoidjatega,

who kind of were running these, took possession of these places

kes olid raamatukogud südamega oma hoole alla võtnud,

like their private stage upon which they were invited

justkui oleks see nende väike lava,

to mesmerize their students and bring the books to life,

kus nad saavad õpilasi lummata ja anda raamatutele elu.

and it was just this really exciting experience

Meie jaoks oli ääretult põnev näha,

for all of us to actually see these things in action.

kuidas see tegelikult tõesti toimib.

So we spent a long day doing this

Käisime terve päeva raamatukogudes

and we were in the very last library.

ja olime jõudnud viimasesse raamatukokku.

It was still winter, because it got dark early,

Väljas oli ikka talv ja läks vara pimedaks,

and the librarian says,

raamatukoguhoidja ütles,

"I'm about to close down. So really nice having you here.

et hakkab sulgema ja tore, et saime läbi astuda.

Hey, wait a second, do you want to see how I turn off the lights?"

“Aga oodake," ütles ta, "kas tahaksite näha, kuidas ma tulesid kustutan?”

I'm like, "OK."

Ütlesin, et OK.

And she said, "I have this special way that I do it."

Ta ütles, et tal on selleks oma nipp.

And then she showed me.

Ja siis ta näitas mulle.

What she did was she turned out every light one by one by one by one,

Ta pani kõik tuled ükshaaval kustu

and the last light she left on

ja viimane tuli, mis ta põlema jättis,

was the light that illuminated the kids' faces,

oli see, mis valgustas laste nägusid.

and she said, "That's the last light I turn off every night,

Ta ütles: “Selle tule kustutan ma igal õhtul viimasena,

because I like to remind myself why I come to work."

sest see tuletab mulle meelde, miks ma siin töötan.”

So when I started this whole thing,

Kui selle projektiga alustasin, mäletate,

remember, it was just about designing that logo

paistis kogu asi olevat vaid logo ja vaimuka nime väljamõtlemises?

and being clever, come up with a new name?

Ettekavatsemata tulemus aga,

The unintended consequence here,

which I would like to take credit for

mille eest ma võtaksin au endale

and like to think I can think through the experience to that extent,

ja mida mulle meeldiks arvata, et oskasin ette näha,

but I can't.

aga mis nii ei olnud,

I was just focused on a foot ahead of me, as far as I could reach with my own hands.

sest suutsin näha vaid oma jalge ette, kujutada ette vaid käegakatsutavat.

Instead, way off in the distance

Samas oli kuskil olemas raamatukoguhoidja,

was a librarian

kes leidis sellest tulemuste jadast,

who was going to find the chain of consequences

that we had set in motion,

mille olime käivitanud,

a source of inspiration

enda jaoks inspiratsiooniallika,

so that she in this case could do her work really well.

mis innustas teda oma tööd tegema parimal viisil.

40,000 kids a year are affected by these libraries.

Nendesse raamatukogudesse jõuab 40 000 last aastas.

They've been happening for more than 10 years now,

Projekt on kestnud üle 10 aasta, seega on need raamatukoguhoidjad

so those librarians have kind of turned on a generation of children to books

lugemise juurde toonud terve põlvkonna jagu lapsi

and so it's been a thrill to find out

ja on suur rõõm olla tunnistajaks,

that sometimes unintended consequences are the best consequences.

et vahel võivad ettenägematud tagajärjed olla just need kõige paremad tagajärjed.

Thank you very much.

Suur tänu teile.

(Applause)

(Aplaus)