Biomimicry in action | Janine Benyus

324,678 views ใƒป 2009-08-06

TED


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ.

ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…: Lalla Khadija Tigha ุงู„ู…ุฏู‚ู‘ู‚: Anwar Dafa-Alla
00:18
If I could reveal anything
0
18330
4000
ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุนู„ูŠู‘ูŽ ุฃู† ุฃูƒุดู ุนู† ุดูŠุก ู…ุง
00:22
that is hidden from us,
1
22330
2000
ู…ุญุฌูˆุจ ุนู†ุง
00:24
at least in modern cultures,
2
24330
4000
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู‚ู„ ุนู† ุงู„ุซู‚ุงูุงุช ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซุฉุŒ
00:28
it would be to reveal something that we've forgotten,
3
28330
4000
ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู† ุฃู…ุฑ ู‚ุฏ ู†ุณูŠู†ุงู‡
00:32
that we used to know
4
32330
2000
ูƒู†ุง ู†ุนุฑูู‡
00:34
as well as we knew our own names.
5
34330
4000
ุชู…ุงู…ุง ูƒู…ุง ู†ุนุฑู ุฃุณู…ุงุกู†ุง.
00:38
And that is that we live in a competent universe,
6
38330
4000
ู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ุนูŠุด ููŠ ูƒูˆู† ู…ู‚ุชุฏุฑุŒ
00:42
that we are part of a brilliant planet,
7
42330
3000
ูˆ ุฃู†ู†ุง ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ูƒูˆูƒุจ ุฑุงุฆุน.
00:45
and that we are surrounded by genius.
8
45330
4000
ูˆุฃู†ู†ุง ู…ุญุงุทูˆู† ุจุงู„ุนุจุงู‚ุฑุฉ.
00:49
Biomimicry is a new discipline
9
49330
3000
ู…ุญุงูƒุงุฉ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉ (ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุจูŠูˆู…ู…ูŠูƒุฑูŠุฉ) ู‡ูˆ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุฌุฏูŠุฏ
00:52
that tries to learn from those geniuses,
10
52330
2000
ูŠุญุงูˆู„ ุงู„ุชุนู„ู… ู…ู† ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ุนุจุงู‚ุฑุฉ,
00:54
and take advice from them, design advice.
11
54330
4000
ูˆุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ู†ุตุงุฆุญ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุŒ ู†ุตุงุฆุญ ููŠ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุชุตู…ูŠู…
00:58
That's where I live,
12
58330
3000
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุญูŠุซ ุฃุนูŠุด.
01:01
and it's my university as well.
13
61330
3000
ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฌุงู…ุนุชูŠ ุฃูŠุถุง.
01:04
I'm surrounded by genius. I cannot help but
14
64330
4000
ุฃู†ุง ู…ุญุงุทุฉ ุจุงู„ุนุจู‚ุฑูŠุฉ.ุญูŠุซ ู„ุงูŠุณุนู†ูŠ ุฅู„ุง
01:08
remember the organisms and the ecosystems
15
68330
5000
ุชุฐูƒุฑ ุงู„ูƒุงุฆู†ุงุช ุงู„ุญูŠุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ู†ุธู… ุงู„ุงูƒูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุฉ
01:13
that know how to live here gracefully on this planet.
16
73330
5000
ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุนุฑู ูƒูŠู ุชุนูŠุด ุจูƒู„ ุชุฑุงุญู… ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒูˆูƒุจ.
01:18
This is what I would tell you to remember
17
78330
2000
ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ุฃูˆุฏ ู…ู†ูƒู… ุชุฐูƒุฑู‡
01:20
if you ever forget this again.
18
80330
3000
ุฅู† ูƒู†ุชู… ู‚ุฏ ู†ุณูŠุชู… ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰.
01:23
Remember this.
19
83330
2000
ุชุฐูƒุฑูˆุง ู‡ุฐุง.
01:25
This is what happens every year.
20
85330
4000
ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ูŠุญุตู„ ูƒู„ ุณู†ุฉ.
01:29
This is what keeps its promise.
21
89330
3000
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุนุฏู‡.
01:32
While we're doing bailouts, this is what happened.
22
92330
3000
ุญูŠู† ูƒู†ุง ู†ุฏูุน ูƒูุงู„ุงุชู†ุงุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุงุญุตู„.
01:35
Spring.
23
95330
2000
ูุตู„ ุงู„ุฑุจูŠุน.
01:37
Imagine designing spring.
24
97330
5000
ุชุฎูŠู„ูˆุง ุชุตู…ูŠู… ุงู„ุฑุจูŠุน.
01:42
Imagine that orchestration.
25
102330
2000
ุชุฎูŠู„ูˆุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชู†ุธูŠู….
01:44
You think TED is hard to organize. (Laughter) Right?
26
104330
4000
ุชุธู†ูˆู† ุฃู† ุชู†ุธูŠู… TED ุตุนุจ ุŸ(ุถุญูƒ) ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ
01:48
Imagine, and if you haven't done this in a while, do.
27
108330
5000
ุชุฎูŠู„ูˆุงุŒ ุฅู† ู„ู… ุชูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ู‚ุฏ ูุนู„ุชู… ู„ุจุฑู‡ุฉ ุŒ ุชุฎูŠู„ูˆุง.
01:53
Imagine the timing, the coordination,
28
113330
4000
ุชุฎูŠู„ูˆุง ุงู„ุชูˆู‚ูŠุช ุŒ ุงู„ุชู†ุณูŠู‚ุŒ
01:57
all without top-down laws,
29
117330
4000
ุฏูˆู† ุงู„ุฃุฎุฐ ุจุงู„ุงุนุชุจุงุฑ ุงู„ู‚ูˆุงู†ูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุณุทุฑุฉุŒ
02:01
or policies, or climate change protocols.
30
121330
3000
ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณุงุชุŒ ูˆ ุจุฑูˆุชูˆูƒูˆู„ุงุช ุชุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุฎ.
02:04
This happens every year.
31
124330
3000
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ูŠุญุตู„ ูƒู„ ุณู†ุฉ.
02:07
There is lots of showing off.
32
127330
4000
ุจูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฒู‡ูˆ ูˆ ุงู„ุชุจุงู‡ูŠ.
02:11
There is lots of love in the air.
33
131330
5000
ุจูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุจ ุงู„ู„ุงู…ุชู†ุงู‡ูŠ
02:16
There's lots of grand openings.
34
136330
5000
ุจูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุชูุชุญ.
02:21
And the organisms, I promise you,
35
141330
2000
ูˆ ุงู„ูƒุงุฆู†ุงุช ุงู„ุญูŠุฉุŒ ุฃุคูƒุฏ ู„ูƒู… ุŒ
02:23
have all of their priorities in order.
36
143330
4000
ู„ู‡ุง ุฌู…ูŠุนุง ุฃูˆู„ูˆูŠุงุช ู…ู†ุชุธู…ุฉ.
02:27
I have this neighbor that keeps me in touch with this,
37
147330
4000
ู„ุฏูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุงุฑ ุŒ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุทู„ุนู†ูŠ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ.
02:31
because he's living, usually on his back,
38
151330
2000
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุนูŠุดุŒ ุบุงู„ุจุง ุนู„ู‰ ุธู‡ุฑู‡ุŒ
02:33
looking up at those grasses.
39
153330
3000
ูŠู†ุธุฑ ุนุงู„ูŠุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู†ุนู….
02:36
And one time he came up to me --
40
156330
2000
ูˆููŠ ุฅุญุฏู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุช ุŒ ุฌุงุก ุฅู„ูŠุŒ
02:38
he was about seven or eight years old -- he came up to me.
41
158330
2000
ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ุณุงุจุนุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุซุงู…ู†ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู…ุฑ.
02:40
And there was a wasp's nest
42
160330
2000
ูˆูƒุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุนุด ู„ู„ุฏุจุงุจูŠุฑ
02:42
that I had let grow in my yard,
43
162330
2000
ุชุฑูƒุชู‡ ูŠู†ู…ูˆ ููŠ ูู†ุงุก ู…ู†ุฒู„ูŠ.
02:44
right outside my door.
44
164330
3000
ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุจุงุจ ุงู„ู…ู†ุฒู„.
02:47
And most people knock them down when they're small.
45
167330
2000
ู…ุนุธู… ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูŠุณุญู‚ูˆู†ู‡ู… ุŒ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุตุบุงุฑุง.
02:49
But it was fascinating to me,
46
169330
2000
ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ูƒุงู† ู…ุฏู‡ุดุง ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ูŠ.
02:51
because I was looking at this sort of fine Italian end papers.
47
171330
3000
ู„ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ูƒู†ุช ุฃู†ุธุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃูˆุฑุงู‚ ุงู„ูƒุชุจ ุงู„ุฅูŠุทุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฑููŠุนุฉ ุชู„ูƒ.
02:54
And he came up to me and he knocked.
48
174330
2000
ูุฌุงุก ุฅู„ูŠุŒ ูˆ ุฏู‚ ุจุงุจูŠ.
02:56
He would come every day with something to show me.
49
176330
3000
ูƒุงู† ูŠุฃุชูŠ ุฅู„ูŠ ูŠูˆู…ูŠุง ูŠุญู…ู„ ุดูŠุฆุง ูŠุฑูŠู†ูŠ ุฅูŠุงู‡.
02:59
And like, knock like a woodpecker on my door until I opened it up.
50
179330
3000
ููƒุงู† ู…ุซู„... ูƒุงู† ูŠุฏู‚ ุงู„ุจุงุจ ู…ุซู„ ู†ู‚ุงุฑ ุงู„ุฎุดุจ ุญุชู‰ ูุชุญุช ู„ู‡.
03:02
And he asked me
51
182330
4000
ุซู… ุณุฃู„ู†ูŠ
03:06
how I had made the house for those wasps,
52
186330
7000
ูƒูŠู ุตู†ุนุช ุจูŠุชุง ู„ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฏุจุงุจูŠุฑ.
03:13
because he had never seen one this big.
53
193330
3000
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ู… ูŠุฑ ู‚ุท ุฅุญุฏุงู‡ุง ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุญุฌู….
03:16
And I told him, "You know, Cody,
54
196330
3000
ูู‚ู„ุช ู„ู‡" ู‡ู„ ุชุนู„ู… ูŠุง ูƒูˆุฏูŠ
03:19
the wasps actually made that."
55
199330
2000
ุงู„ุฏุจุงุจูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู† ุตู†ุนุช ู‡ุฐุง"
03:21
And we looked at it together.
56
201330
2000
ูˆู†ุธุฑู†ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุณูˆูŠุฉ.
03:23
And I could see why he thought,
57
203330
4000
ูˆุนู„ู…ุช ุญูŠู†ู‡ุง ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ููƒุฑ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ.
03:27
you know -- it was so beautifully done.
58
207330
2000
ุฃุชุนู„ู…ูˆู†ุŒ ู„ู‚ุฏ ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ุตู†ูˆุนุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ูุงุฆู‚ ุงู„ุฌู…ุงู„.
03:29
It was so architectural. It was so precise.
59
209330
3000
ูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ู†ุฏุณุชู‡ุง ุบุงูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู‚ุฉ.
03:32
But it occurred to me, how in his small life
60
212330
4000
ูˆู„ูƒู† ุฎุทุฑ ุจุจุงู„ูŠุŒ ูƒูŠู ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนุงู„ู…ู‡ ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑ
03:36
had he already believed the myth
61
216330
4000
ู‚ุฏ ุตุฏู‚ ุงู„ุฃุณุทูˆุฑุฉ :
03:40
that if something was that well done,
62
220330
4000
ุฃู† ูƒู„ ู…ุงุตู†ุน ุจุฏู‚ุฉ ูˆุฅุชู‚ุงู†ุŒ
03:44
that we must have done it.
63
224330
2000
ูุฅู†ู‡ ุจุงู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุตู†ุนู†ุง.
03:46
How did he not know --
64
226330
3000
ูƒูŠู ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ู… ูŠูƒู† ูŠุนู„ู…ุŒ
03:49
it's what we've all forgotten --
65
229330
3000
ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู†ุณูŠู†ุงู‡ ุฌู…ูŠุนุงุŒ
03:52
that we're not the first ones to build.
66
232330
3000
ุฃู†ู†ุง ู„ู…ู† ู†ูƒู† ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุจู†ู‰.
03:55
We're not the first ones to process cellulose.
67
235330
3000
ุฃู†ู†ุง ู„ู…ู† ู†ูƒู† ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงูƒุชุดู ุงู„ุณู„ูŠูˆู„ูˆุฒ.
03:58
We're not the first ones to make paper. We're not the first ones
68
238330
2000
ุฃู†ู†ุง ู„ู…ู† ู†ูƒู† ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุตู†ุน ุงู„ูˆุฑู‚.ู„ุณู†ุง ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู†
04:00
to try to optimize packing space,
69
240330
3000
ุญุงูˆู„ ุงุณุชุนู…ุงู„ ู…ูˆุงุฑุฏ ุงู„ุชุนุจุฆุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ุงูุถู„ุŒ
04:03
or to waterproof, or to try to heat and cool a structure.
70
243330
3000
ุฃูˆ ุตู†ุน ูˆุงู‚ูŠุงุช ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุงุก ุŒ ุฃูˆ ุชุจุฑูŠุฏ ูˆ ุชุณุฎูŠู† ุจู†ูŠุฉ ู…ุง.
04:06
We're not the first ones to build houses for our young.
71
246330
6000
ู„ุณู†ุง ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุจู†ู‰ ู…ุณุงูƒู† ู„ุตุบุงุฑู†ุง.
04:12
What's happening now, in this field called biomimicry,
72
252330
4000
ู…ุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ู…ุณู…ู‰ " ู…ุญุงูƒุงุฉ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉ"ุŒ
04:16
is that people are beginning to remember
73
256330
3000
ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุจุฏุฃูˆุง ูŠุชุฐูƒุฑูˆู†
04:19
that organisms, other organisms,
74
259330
4000
ุฃู† ุงู„ูƒุงุฆู†ุงุช ุงู„ุญูŠุฉ ุŒ ุงู„ูƒุงุฆู†ุงุช ุงู„ุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ
04:23
the rest of the natural world,
75
263330
2000
ู…ุงุชุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŒ
04:25
are doing things very similar to what we need to do.
76
265330
4000
ุชุตู†ุน ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุชุดุจู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ ุญุฏ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุŒ ู…ุง ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡.
04:29
But in fact they are doing them in a way
77
269330
2000
ู„ูƒู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุชูุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ุจุดูƒู„
04:31
that have allowed them to live gracefully on this planet
78
271330
2000
ู…ูƒู†ู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุนูŠุด ุจุชู†ุงุบู… ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒูˆูƒุจ
04:33
for billions of years.
79
273330
3000
ู„ู…ู„ูŠุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ุณู†ูŠู†.
04:36
So these people, biomimics,
80
276330
3000
ุฅุฐู† ูู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุŒ ู…ุญุงูƒูˆ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉุŒ
04:39
are nature's apprentices.
81
279330
2000
ุชู„ุงู…ูŠุฐ ู„ู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉ.
04:41
And they're focusing on function.
82
281330
2000
ูŠุฑูƒุฒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ูˆุธุงุฆูู‡ุง.
04:43
What I'd like to do is show you a few of the things
83
283330
3000
ูˆ ู…ุง ุฃูˆุฏ ูุนู„ู‡ ุŒ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู† ุฃุฑูŠูƒู… ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก
04:46
that they're learning.
84
286330
3000
ู…ู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู‡.
04:49
They have asked themselves,
85
289330
2000
ุณุฃู„ูˆุง ุฃู†ูุณู‡ู…ุŒ
04:51
"What if, every time I started to invent something,
86
291330
4000
"ู…ุงุฐุง ู„ูˆ ุŒ ููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุจุฏุฃ ููŠู‡ุง ุงุฎุชุฑุงุน ุดูŠุก ู…ุง
04:55
I asked, 'How would nature solve this?'"
87
295330
3000
ุงุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ุณุคุงู„ :ูƒูŠู ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุณุชุญู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุŸ"
04:58
And here is what they're learning.
88
298330
2000
ูˆุฅู„ูŠูƒู… ุดูŠุฆุง ู…ู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู‡.
05:00
This is an amazing picture from a Czech photographer named Jack Hedley.
89
300330
3000
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู…ุฏู‡ุดุฉ ู„ู…ุตูˆุฑ ุชุดูŠูƒูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ ุฌุงูƒ ู‡ูŠุฏู„ูŠ.
05:03
This is a story about an engineer at J.R. West.
90
303330
3000
ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‚ุตุฉ ุนู† ู…ู‡ู†ุฏุณ ููŠ ุงู„ุณูƒูƒ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏูŠุฉ ุงู„ูŠุงุจุงู†ูŠุฉ.
05:06
They're the people who make the bullet train.
91
306330
2000
ุฅู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุตู†ุนูˆู† ู‚ุทุงุฑ ุงู„ุฑุตุงุต.
05:08
It was called the bullet train
92
308330
2000
ูˆู‚ุฏ ุณู…ูŠ ุจู‚ุทุงุฑ ุงู„ุฑุตุงุตุŒ
05:10
because it was rounded in front,
93
310330
2000
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฏุงุฆุฑูŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุฏู…ุฉ.
05:12
but every time it went into a tunnel
94
312330
2000
ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ูŠู…ุฑ ุนุจุฑ ุงู„ู†ูู‚
05:14
it would build up a pressure wave,
95
314330
2000
ู‚ุฏ ูŠุฎู„ู‚ ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุถุบุท.
05:16
and then it would create like a sonic boom when it exited.
96
316330
3000
ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ูŠุฎู„ู‚ ู…ุง ูŠุดุจู‡ ุตูˆุชุง ู…ุฏูˆูŠุง ุนู†ุฏ ุฎุฑูˆุฌู‡.
05:19
So the engineer's boss said,
97
319330
2000
ุญูŠู†ู‡ุง ู‚ุงู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ู‡ู†ุฏุณูŠู†ุŒ
05:21
"Find a way to quiet this train."
98
321330
3000
"ุฌูุฏูˆุง ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู…ุง ู„ุฅุณูƒุงุช ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‚ุทุงุฑ"
05:24
He happened to be a birder.
99
324330
2000
ูˆู‚ุฏ ุตุฏู ุฃู†ู‡ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ุฎุจูŠุฑ ุทูŠูˆุฑ.
05:26
He went to the equivalent of an Audubon Society meeting.
100
326330
4000
ูˆูƒุงู† ุฃู† ุฐู‡ุจ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุง ูŠุนุงุฏู„ "ู…ุคุชู…ุฑ ุฃูˆุฏูˆุจูˆู† ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠ".
05:30
And he studied -- there was a film about king fishers.
101
330330
2000
ูˆุฏุฑุณุŒ ูƒุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ููŠู„ู… ุนู† ู…ู„ูƒ ุงู„ุตูŠุงุฏูŠู†.
05:32
And he thought to himself, "They go from one density of medium,
102
332330
3000
ูููƒุฑ ููŠ ู†ูุณู‡" ุฅู†ู‡ู… ู„ูŠู…ุฑูˆู† ู…ู† ูƒุซุงูุฉ ู…ุชูˆุณุทุฉ,
05:35
the air, into another density of medium, water,
103
335330
3000
ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุกุŒ ุซู… ูƒุซุงูุฉ ู…ุชูˆุณุทุฉุŒ ู…ุงุกุŒ
05:38
without a splash. Look at this picture.
104
338330
3000
ุฏูˆู† ุฃู† ูŠุฎูˆุถูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุก. ุงู†ุธุฑูˆุง ุฅู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ.
05:41
Without a splash, so they can see the fish.
105
341330
3000
ุฏูˆู† ุฃู† ูŠุฎูˆุถูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุก ู„ูƒูŠ ูŠุฑูˆุง ุงู„ุณู…ูƒุฉ.
05:44
And he thought, "What if we do this?"
106
344330
3000
ุซู… ููƒุฑ : " ู…ุงุฐุง ู„ูˆ ูุนู„ู†ุง ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุŸ"
05:47
Quieted the train.
107
347330
3000
ู„ุฅุณูƒุงุช ุงู„ู‚ุทุงุฑ.
05:50
Made it go 10 percent faster on 15 percent less electricity.
108
350330
5000
ูˆุฌุนู„ู‡ ุฃุณุฑุน ุจู†ุณุจุฉ 10% ุจู…ุนุฏู„ ุฎูุถ ู„ู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ูŠุนุงุฏู„ 15% .
05:55
How does nature repel bacteria?
109
355330
2000
ูƒูŠู ุชุตุฏ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุนู†ู‡ุงุŸ
05:57
We're not the first ones to have to protect ourselves
110
357330
3000
ู„ุณู†ุง ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ูƒุงู† ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ุญุงูุธุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ูุณู‡ู…
06:00
from some bacteria.
111
360330
2000
ู…ู† ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง.
06:02
Turns out that -- this is a Galapagos Shark.
112
362330
4000
ุงุชุถุญ ุฃู†ู‡-- ู‡ุฐุง ู‚ุฑุด ุบู„ุงุจุงุบูˆุณ.
06:06
It has no bacteria on its surface, no fouling on its surface, no barnacles.
113
366330
5000
ุงุชุถุญ ุฃู†ู‡ุŒ ู„ุง ุชูˆุฌุฏ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุฃูŠุฉ ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุŒ ุฃูˆุณุงุฎ ุฃูˆุฃุณู…ุงูƒ ู‚ุดุฑูŠุฉ.
06:11
And it's not because it goes fast.
114
371330
2000
ู„ูŠุณ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุณุฑูŠุน.
06:13
It actually basks. It's a slow-moving shark.
115
373330
3000
ุจู„ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุชุฏูุฃ ุจุงู„ุดู…ุณ ุŒ ุฅู†ู‡ ู‚ุฑุด ุจุทูŠุก.
06:16
So how does it keep its body free of bacteria build-up?
116
376330
3000
ุฅุฐู† ููƒูŠู ูŠุจู‚ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุฌุณู…ู‡ ุฎุงู„ูŠุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุงุŸ
06:19
It doesn't do it with a chemical.
117
379330
2000
ู„ุง ูŠูุนู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ู…ูˆุงุฏ ูƒูŠู…ุงูˆูŠุฉ.
06:21
It does it, it turns out, with the same denticles
118
381330
2000
ุงุชุถุญ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠูุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ
06:23
that you had on Speedo bathing suits,
119
383330
4000
ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุฌุฏูˆู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช "ุณุจูŠุฏูˆ" ู„ู„ุณุจุงุญุฉุŒ
06:27
that broke all those records in the Olympics,
120
387330
2000
ูˆ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุญุทู…ุช ุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ุฃุฑู‚ุงู… ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงุณูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู…ุจูŠุฉ.
06:29
but it's a particular kind of pattern.
121
389330
2000
ุฅู†ู‡ ู†ู…ุท ุฎุงุต ู†ูˆุนุง ู…ุง.
06:31
And that pattern, the architecture of that pattern
122
391330
3000
ูˆ ู‡ู†ุฏุณุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ู…ุทุŒ
06:34
on its skin denticles
123
394330
3000
ุฃู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฌู„ุฏู‡ ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ
06:37
keep bacteria from being able to land and adhere.
124
397330
4000
ุชู…ู†ุน ุงู„ุฌุฑุงุซูŠู… ู…ู† ุงู„ุจู‚ุงุก.
06:41
There is a company called Sharklet Technologies
125
401330
2000
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุดุฑูƒุฉ ุชุฏุนู‰ :ุดุงุฑูƒู„ุช ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุฒ
06:43
that's now putting this on the surfaces in hospitals
126
403330
4000
ุชุถุน ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ู…ุท ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุณุทุญ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุดููŠุงุช
06:47
to keep bacteria from landing,
127
407330
2000
ู„ุชู…ู†ุน ุงู„ุจูƒุชุฑูŠุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุชูƒุงุซุฑ .
06:49
which is better than dousing it with anti-bacterials or harsh cleansers
128
409330
6000
ู…ู…ุง ูŠุฌุนู„ู‡ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู† ุฅุบุฑุงู‚ ุงู„ุฃุณุทุญ ุจู…ุถุงุฏุงุช ุงู„ุจูƒุชุฑูŠุง ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู…ู†ุธูุงุช ุงู„ู‚ุงุณูŠุฉ
06:55
that many, many organisms are now becoming drug resistant.
129
415330
4000
ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฃุตุจุญุช ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒุงุฆู†ุงุช ุงู„ุญูŠุฉ ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ู„ู‡ุง.
06:59
Hospital-acquired infections are now killing
130
419330
2000
ุชู‚ุชู„ ุงู„ุนุฏูˆู‰ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู†ุชู‚ู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุดููŠุงุช ุงู„ุขู†
07:01
more people every year in the United States
131
421330
3000
ู…ุฒูŠุฏุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุณู†ูˆูŠุงุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉุŒ
07:04
than die from AIDS or cancer or car accidents combined --
132
424330
5000
ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู…ุง ูŠุณุจุจู‡ ุงู„ุงูŠุฏุฒุŒ ูˆุญูˆุงุฏุซ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช ู…ุฌุชู…ุนุฉุŒ
07:09
about 100,000.
133
429330
2000
ู…ุง ูŠุนุงุฏู„ 100 ุฃู„ู ุดุฎุต.
07:11
This is a little critter that's in the Namibian desert.
134
431330
3000
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู…ุฎู„ูˆู‚ ูŠุนูŠุด ููŠ ุตุญุฑุงุก ู†ุงู…ูŠุจูŠุง.
07:14
It has no fresh water that it's able to drink,
135
434330
3000
ูˆ ู…ุง ู…ู† ู…ุงุก ุนุฐุจ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู‡ ุดุฑุจู‡.
07:17
but it drinks water out of fog.
136
437330
3000
ู„ูƒู†ู‡ ูŠุดุฑุจ ุงู„ู…ุงุก ุงู„ู…ุณุชู…ุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุถุจุงุจ.
07:20
It's got bumps on the back of its wing covers.
137
440330
3000
ุฅุฐ ุชูˆุฌุฏ ู„ุฏูŠู‡ ุซู‚ูˆุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุธู‡ุฑ ุฌู†ุงุญูŠู‡.
07:23
And those bumps act like a magnet for water.
138
443330
3000
ุชุนู…ู„ ูƒู…ุบู†ุงุทูŠุณ ู„ู„ู…ูŠุงู‡.
07:26
They have water-loving tips, and waxy sides.
139
446330
3000
ูˆู„ุฏูŠู‡ ุฎุงุตูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฒูŠุฆุงุช ุงู„ู…ุญุจุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุงุก ุŒ ูˆ ุฃุทุฑุงู ุดู…ุนูŠุฉ.
07:29
And the fog comes in and it builds up on the tips.
140
449330
3000
ููŠุฃุชูŠ ุงู„ุถุจุงุจ ูˆ ูŠุจู†ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎุงุตูŠุงุช.
07:32
And it goes down the sides and goes into the critter's mouth.
141
452330
3000
ููŠู†ุฒู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจูŠู† ุŒ ูˆ ูŠุฏุฎู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ูู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฎู„ูˆู‚.
07:35
There is actually a scientist here at Oxford
142
455330
3000
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุนุงู„ู… ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุฃูˆูƒุณููˆุฑุฏ
07:38
who studied this, Andrew Parker.
143
458330
2000
ุฏุฑุณ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุŒุฃู†ุฏุฑูˆ ุจุงุฑูƒุฑ.
07:40
And now kinetic and architectural firms like Grimshaw
144
460330
4000
ูˆ ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุดุฑูƒุงุช ู„ู„ู‡ู†ุฏุณุฉ ู…ุซู„ ุดุฑูƒุฉ " ูƒุฑูŠู…ุดุงูˆ"
07:44
are starting to look at this as a way
145
464330
2000
ุจุฏุฃุช ุชุฑู‰ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
07:46
of coating buildings
146
466330
3000
ู„ุชุบู„ูŠู ุงู„ุจู†ุงูŠุงุช
07:49
so that they gather water from the fog.
147
469330
2000
ุจุญูŠุซ ุชุณุชุฎู„ุต ุงู„ู…ุงุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุถุจุงุจ.
07:51
10 times better than our fog-catching nets.
148
471330
5000
ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ุจ 10 ุฃุถุนุงู ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุจูƒุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ุนุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุงุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุถุจุงุจ.
07:56
CO2 as a building block.
149
476330
2000
ุซู†ุงุฆูŠ ุฃูˆูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุงุฑุจูˆู† ูƒู„ูŽุจูู†ุฉ ุจู†ุงุก.
07:58
Organisms don't think of CO2 as a poison.
150
478330
3000
ู„ุง ุชุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„ูƒุงุฆู†ุงุช ุงู„ุญูŠุฉ ุซู†ุงุฆูŠ ุฃูˆูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุงุฑุจูˆู† ุณู…ู‘ุงู‹.
08:01
Plants and organisms that make shells,
151
481330
2000
ุงู„ู†ุจุงุชุงุช ูˆ ุงู„ูƒุงุฆู†ุงุช ุงู„ุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุตู†ุน ุงู„ุตุฏูุงุชุŒ
08:03
coral, think of it as a building block.
152
483330
3000
ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฌุงู†ุŒุชุนุชุจุฑู‡ ู„ูŽุจูู†ุฉ ุจู†ุงุก.
08:06
There is now a cement manufacturing company
153
486330
3000
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ุขู† ุดุฑูƒุฉ ู„ุตู†ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฅุณู…ู†ุช
08:09
starting in the United States called Calera.
154
489330
3000
ุฃู†ุดุฃุช ููŠ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุŒ ุชุณู…ู‰ "ูƒู„ุงุฑุง".
08:12
They've borrowed the recipe from the coral reef,
155
492330
3000
ุงุณุชุนุงุฑุช ุงู„ูˆุตูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุนุจ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฌุงู†ูŠุฉ.
08:15
and they're using CO2 as a building block
156
495330
3000
ูˆ ู‡ู… ุงู„ุขู† ูŠุณุชุนู…ู„ูˆู† ุซู†ุงุฆูŠ ุฃูˆูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุงุฑุจูˆู† ูƒู„ูŽุจูู†ุฉ ุจู†ุงุก
08:18
in cement, in concrete.
157
498330
2000
ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุณู…ู†ุชุŒ ุจุดูƒู„ ู…ู„ู…ูˆุณ.
08:20
Instead of -- cement usually
158
500330
2000
ุบุงู„ุจุง ู…ุง ูŠุตุฏุฑ ุงู„ุฅุณู…ู†ุช
08:22
emits a ton of CO2 for every ton of cement.
159
502330
3000
ุทู†ุง ูˆุงุญุฏุง ู…ู† ุซู†ุงุฆูŠ ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุนู† ูƒู„ ุทู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฅุณู…ู†ุช.
08:25
Now it's reversing that equation,
160
505330
2000
ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ุขู† ูุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ู‚ุฏ ู‚ู„ุจุชุŒ
08:27
and actually sequestering half a ton of CO2
161
507330
3000
ุจุฎูุถ ู…ุนุฏู„ ุงู†ุจุนุงุซ ุซู†ุงุฆูŠ ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุฅู„ู‰ ู†ุตู ุทู†
08:30
thanks to the recipe from the coral.
162
510330
2000
ุจูุถู„ ุงู„ูˆุตูุฉ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุฏู…ุฉ ู…ู† ุทุฑู ุงู„ุดุนุจ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฌุงู†ูŠุฉ.
08:32
None of these are using the organisms.
163
512330
2000
ู…ุงู…ู† ุฃุญุฏ ูŠุณุชุนู…ู„ ุงู„ูƒุงุฆู†ุงุช ุงู„ุญูŠุฉ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ.
08:34
They're really only using the blueprints or the recipes
164
514330
2000
ุฅู†ู‡ู… ูŠุณุชุนู…ู„ูˆู† ูู‚ุท ุงู„ุชุตุงู…ูŠู… ุฃูˆ ุงู„ูˆุตูุงุช
08:36
from the organisms.
165
516330
3000
ุงู„ู…ุณุชูˆุญุงุฉ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒุงุฆู†ุงุช.
08:39
How does nature gather the sun's energy?
166
519330
3000
ูƒูŠู ุชุณุชุทูŠุน ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุชุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุดู…ุณูŠุฉุŸ
08:42
This is a new kind of solar cell
167
522330
2000
ู‡ุฐุง ู†ูˆุน ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ุดู…ุณูŠุฉ
08:44
that's based on how a leaf works.
168
524330
2000
ูŠุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ุนู…ู„ ุฃูˆุฑุงู‚ ุงู„ุฃุดุฌุงุฑ.
08:46
It's self-assembling.
169
526330
2000
ุญูŠุซ ุชุฌู…ุน ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุจู†ูุณู‡ุง.
08:48
It can be put down on any substrate whatsoever.
170
528330
2000
ูˆูŠู…ูƒู† ูˆุถุนู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠ ุฑูƒูŠุฒุฉ ุถุฎ.
08:50
It's extremely inexpensive
171
530330
2000
ูˆู‡ูŠ ุจุฎุณุฉ ุงู„ุซู…ู†
08:52
and rechargeable every five years.
172
532330
3000
ูˆ ูŠุชู… ุดุญู†ู‡ุง ูƒู„ 5 ุณู†ูˆุงุช.
08:55
It's actually a company a company that I'm involved in called OneSun,
173
535330
3000
ุฅู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุŒ ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฃุนู…ู„ ููŠู‡ุง ุŒ ูˆ ุชุฏุนู‰ : OneSun ุŒ
08:58
with Paul Hawken.
174
538330
2000
ู…ุน ูพูˆู„ ู‡ุงูˆูƒู†.
09:00
There are many many ways that nature filters water
175
540330
4000
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุทุฑู‚ ุนุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุชุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุง ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ู„ุชุตููŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงุก
09:04
that takes salt out of water.
176
544330
3000
ุฃูˆ ู„ุชุญู„ูŠุชู‡ุŒ
09:07
We take water and push it against a membrane.
177
547330
3000
ู†ุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ู…ุงุก ูˆ ู†ุฏูุนู‡ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุฃุบุดูŠุฉ
09:10
And then we wonder why the membrane clogs
178
550330
2000
ุซู… ุจุชู†ุง ู†ุชุณุงุกู„ ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ุจุฏุฃุช ุซู‚ูˆุจ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุบุดูŠุฉ ุจุงู„ุงู†ุณุฏุงุฏ
09:12
and why it takes so much electricity.
179
552330
2000
ูˆู„ู…ุงุฐุง ุชูุณุชู‡ู„ูƒ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑุŸ
09:14
Nature does something much more elegant.
180
554330
2000
ุชู‚ูˆู… ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุบุงูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู†ุงู‚ุฉ.
09:16
And it's in every cell.
181
556330
2000
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ูƒู„ ุฎู„ูŠุฉ.
09:18
Every red blood cell of your body right now
182
558330
3000
ูƒู„ ูƒุฑูŠุฉ ุฏู… ุญู…ุฑุงุก ููŠ ุฌุณู…ูƒู… ุงู„ุขู†
09:21
has these hourglass-shaped pores
183
561330
2000
ู„ู‡ุง ู…ุณุงู… ุนู„ู‰ ุดูƒู„ ุณุงุนุฉ ุฑู…ู„ูŠุฉ
09:23
called aquaporins.
184
563330
2000
ุชุฏุนู‰ ุงู„ุฃูƒูˆุงูพูˆุฑูŠู†.
09:25
They actually export water molecules through.
185
565330
3000
ุชุตุฏุฑ ุฌุฒูŠุฆุงุช ุงู„ู…ุงุก ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง.
09:28
It's kind of a forward osmosis.
186
568330
2000
ููŠ ุดูƒู„ ุฃุดุจู‡ ุจุงู„ุชู†ุงูุฐ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู…ูŠ.
09:30
They export water molecules through,
187
570330
2000
ุชุตุฏุฑ ุฌุฒูŠุฆุงุช ุงู„ู…ุงุก ุนุจุฑู‡ุงุŒ
09:32
and leave solutes on the other side.
188
572330
3000
ูˆ ุชุชุฑูƒ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฐุงุจุฉ ุฌุงู†ุจุง.
09:35
A company called Aquaporin is starting to make desalination
189
575330
3000
ุดุฑุนุช ุดุฑูƒุฉ ุชุฏุนู‰ ุฃูƒูˆุงูพูˆุฑูŠู† ุจุตู†ุน ุฃุบุดูŠุฉ
09:38
membranes mimicking this technology.
190
578330
4000
ู„ุชุญู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุงู‡ ู…ุญุงูƒูŠุฉ ุจุฐู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง.
09:42
Trees and bones are constantly reforming themselves
191
582330
5000
ุชู‚ูˆู… ุงู„ุฃุดุฌุงุฑ ูˆ ุงู„ุนุธุงู… ุจุชู‚ูˆูŠู… ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุจู†ูุณู‡ุง ุจุงุณุชู…ุฑุงุฑ
09:47
along lines of stress.
192
587330
2000
ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุฎุทูˆุท ุงู„ุชูˆุชุฑ.
09:49
This algorithm has been put into a software program
193
589330
4000
ูˆู‚ุฏ ุชู… ูˆุถุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎูˆุงุฑุฒู…ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุฃุญุฏ ุงู„ุจุฑุงู…ุฌ
09:53
that's now being used to make bridges lightweight,
194
593330
2000
ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุขู† ู„ุตู†ุงุนุฉ ุฌุณูˆุฑ ุฎููŠูุฉ ุงู„ูˆุฒู†,
09:55
to make building beams lightweight.
195
595330
3000
ู„ุฌุนู„ ุญุฒู…ุฉ ุงู„ุจู†ุงุก ุฎููŠูุฉ ุงู„ูˆุฒู†.
09:58
Actually G.M. Opel used it
196
598330
2000
ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุฌู†ุฑุงู„ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุฃูˆูพู„ ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ุช ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ
10:00
to create that skeleton you see,
197
600330
4000
ู„ุฅู†ุดุงุก ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ูŠูƒู„ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุชุฑูˆู†ุŒ
10:04
in what's called their bionic car.
198
604330
3000
ููŠ ู…ุง ูŠุณู…ู‰ ุณูŠุงุฑุชู‡ู… ุฐุงุช ุงู„ุฃุนุถุงุก ุงู„ุขู„ูŠุฉ.
10:07
It lightweighted that skeleton using a minimum amount of material,
199
607330
3000
ุฐู„ูƒ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชุฎูู ูˆุฒู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‡ูŠูƒู„ ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ุฃุฏู†ู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏุŒ
10:10
as an organism must,
200
610330
3000
ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ุน ู…ุง ูŠุชุทู„ุจู‡ ุฌุณู… ุนุถูˆูŠุŒ
10:13
for the maximum amount of strength.
201
613330
4000
ุจุฃู‚ุตู‰ ู‚ุฏุฑ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ูˆุฉ.
10:17
This beetle, unlike this chip bag here,
202
617330
4000
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎู†ูุณุงุกุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุนูƒุณ ูƒูŠุณ ุฑู‚ุงุฆู‚ ุงู„ุจุทุงุทุณ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ู†ุงุŒ
10:21
this beetle uses one material, chitin.
203
621330
3000
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎู†ูุณุงุกุŒ ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ู…ุงุฏุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุŒ ุงู„ูƒูŠุชูŠู†.
10:24
And it finds many many ways
204
624330
2000
ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุชุฌุฏ ุทุฑู‚ุง ุนุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุฌุฏุง
10:26
to put many functions into it.
205
626330
2000
ู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ุง ู„ุนุฏุฉ ูˆุธุงุฆู.
10:28
It's waterproof.
206
628330
2000
ุฅู†ู‡ุง ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุงุก.
10:30
It's strong and resilient.
207
630330
2000
ู‚ูˆูŠุฉ ูˆู…ุฑู†ุฉ.
10:32
It's breathable. It creates color through structure.
208
632330
4000
ู‡ูŠ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุชุชู†ูุณุŒ ูˆ ุชุฎู„ู‚ ุฃู„ูˆุงู†ุง ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุจู†ูŠุฉ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ.
10:36
Whereas that chip bag has about seven layers to do all of those things.
209
636330
4000
ููŠ ุญูŠู† ุฃู† ุญู‚ูŠุจุฉ ุฑู‚ุงู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุจุทุงุทุณ ุชุญุชุงุฌ ุฅู„ู‰ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุณุจุน ุทุจู‚ุงุช ู„ู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจูƒู„ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุฑ.
10:40
One of our major inventions
210
640330
3000
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุฃู‡ู… ุงุฎุชุฑุงุนุงุชู†ุง
10:43
that we need to be able to do
211
643330
2000
ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุญุชุงุฌู‡ุง ู„ู†ุชู…ูƒู† ู…ู†
10:45
to come even close to what these organisms can do
212
645330
2000
ุงู„ุงู‚ุชุฑุงุจ ู…ู…ุง ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจู‡ ุงู„ูƒุงุฆู†ุงุช ุงู„ุญูŠุฉ
10:47
is to find a way
213
647330
4000
ู‡ูˆ ุฃู† ู†ุฌุฏ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู…ุง
10:51
to minimize the amount of material, the kind of material we use,
214
651330
3000
ู„ู„ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ู…ู† ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุง ูˆ ู†ูˆุนูŠุชู‡ุงุŒ
10:54
and to add design to it.
215
654330
2000
ูˆุฅุถุงูุฉ ุชุตุงู…ูŠู… ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง.
10:56
We use five polymers in the natural world
216
656330
3000
ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ุฎู…ุณ ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ
10:59
to do everything that you see.
217
659330
2000
ู„ู„ุญุตูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุชุดุงู‡ุฏูˆู†ู‡ ุงู„ุขู†.
11:01
In our world we use about 350 polymers
218
661330
4000
ู†ุณุชุนู…ู„ ููŠ ุนุงู„ู…ู†ุง 350 ู…ูƒูˆุซุฑุง ( ุจูˆู„ูŠู…ุฑ)
11:05
to make all this.
219
665330
5000
ู„ุตู†ุงุนุฉ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง.
11:10
Nature is nano.
220
670330
2000
ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ู‡ูŠ ู†ุงู†ูˆ.
11:12
Nanotechnology, nanoparticles, you hear a lot of worry about this.
221
672330
5000
ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ุงู„ู†ุงู†ูˆ ุŒ ุงู„ู†ุงู†ูˆูŠุฉุŒ ุชุณู…ุนูˆู† ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑุนู† ุงู„ู…ุฎุงูˆู ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุทุฉ ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุฑ .
11:17
Loose nanoparticles. What is really interesting to me
222
677330
4000
ู†ุงู†ูˆู†ูŠุฉ ุบูŠุฑ ู…ู†ุธู…ุฉ. ู…ุง ูŠู‡ู…ู†ูŠ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ
11:21
is that not many people have been asking,
223
681330
3000
ู‡ูˆ ุฃู† ูุฆุฉ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุชุณุงุกู„ุช
11:24
"How can we consult nature about how to make nanotechnology safe?"
224
684330
5000
"ูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงุณุชุดุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุญูˆู„ ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ุฌุนู„ ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ุงู„ู†ุงู†ูˆ ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ุฃู…ู†ุฉ ุŸ"
11:29
Nature has been doing that for a long time.
225
689330
2000
ู„ุทุงู„ู…ุง ูุนู„ุช ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ู†ุฐ ูุชุฑุฉ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ.
11:31
Embedding nanoparticles in a material for instance, always.
226
691330
4000
ูƒุชุถู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู†ุงู†ูˆู†ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„.
11:35
In fact, sulfur-reducing bacteria,
227
695330
2000
ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุนุŒ ูุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ู…ุฎุชุฒู„ุฉ ุงู„ูƒุจุฑูŠุชุŒ
11:37
as part of their synthesis,
228
697330
3000
ูˆ ูƒุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุชุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ุงุŒ
11:40
they will emit, as a byproduct,
229
700330
2000
ุณุชุตุฏุฑ ุŒ ูƒู…ู†ุชุฌ ุซุงู†ูˆูŠุŒ
11:42
nanoparticles into the water.
230
702330
2000
ุฌุณูŠู…ุงุช ู†ุงู†ูˆู†ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุก.
11:44
But then right after that, they emit a protein
231
704330
2000
ูˆู„ูƒู† ููˆุฑุง ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุณุชุตุฏุฑ ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุง
11:46
that actually gathers and aggregates those nanoparticles
232
706330
3000
ุณูŠุฌู…ุน ูˆ ูŠูุฌู…ูู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฌุณูŠู…ุงุช ุงู„ู†ุงู†ูˆู†ูŠุฉ
11:49
so that they fall out of solution.
233
709330
5000
ุจุญูŠุซ ุชุณู‚ุท ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูˆู„.
11:54
Energy use. Organisms sip energy,
234
714330
5000
ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ . ุชุฑุดู ุงู„ูƒุงุฆู†ุงุช ุงู„ุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ.
11:59
because they have to work or barter for every single bit that they get.
235
719330
5000
ู„ุฃู† ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ุฃูˆ ู…ู‚ุงูŠุถุฉ ุจูƒู„ ุฌุฒุก ูŠุญุตู„ูˆู† ุนู„ูŠู‡.
12:04
And one of the largest fields right now,
236
724330
3000
ูˆูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุงู„ุญู‚ูˆู„ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุงู„ุฑุงู‡ู† ุŒ
12:07
in the world of energy grids,
237
727330
2000
ููŠ ุนุงู„ู… ุดุจูƒุงุช ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉุŒ
12:09
you hear about the smart grid.
238
729330
2000
ู„ุง ุจุฏ ุฃู†ูƒู… ุณู…ุนุชู… ุนู† ุงู„ุดุจูƒุฉ ุงู„ุฐูƒูŠุฉ.
12:11
One of the largest consultants are the social insects.
239
731330
4000
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุงู„ุงุณุชุดุงุฑูŠูŠู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุญุดุฑุงุช ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุฉ.
12:15
Swarm technology. There is a company called Regen.
240
735330
3000
ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ุงู„ุณุฑุจ. ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุดุฑูƒุฉ ุชุฏุนู‰ ุฑูŠุฌูŠู†.
12:18
They are looking at how ants and bees
241
738330
3000
ุชุจุญุซ ุงู„ุขู† ูƒูŠู ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ู…ู„ ูˆ ุงู„ู†ุญู„
12:21
find their food and their flowers
242
741330
3000
ุชุจุญุซ ุงู„ุขู† ูƒูŠู ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ู…ู„ ูˆ ุงู„ู†ุญู„
12:24
in the most effective way
243
744330
2000
ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุบุงูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูุนุงู„ูŠุฉ
12:26
as a whole hive.
244
746330
2000
ูƒุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุจุฃูƒู…ู„ู‡ุง.
12:28
And they're having appliances in your home
245
748330
3000
ูˆู„ู‡ุง ุฃุฌู‡ุฒุฉ ุฏุงุฎู„ ู…ู†ุงุฒู„ูƒู…
12:31
talk to one another through that algorithm,
246
751330
3000
ุชุชุญุฏุซ ู…ุน ุจุนุถู‡ุง ุงู„ุจุนุถ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎูˆุงุฑุฒู…ูŠุฉุŒ
12:34
and determine how to minimize peak power use.
247
754330
6000
ูˆุชุญุฏุฏ ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุทุงู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฐุฑูˆุฉ.
12:40
There's a group of scientists in Cornell
248
760330
3000
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ููŠ ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ูƒูˆุฑู†ูŠู„
12:43
that are making what they call a synthetic tree,
249
763330
2000
ูŠุญุงูˆู„ูˆู† ุตู†ุน ู…ุง ูŠุณู…ูˆู†ู‡ ุดุฌุฑุฉ ุงุตุทู†ุงุนูŠุฉ.
12:45
because they are saying, "There is no pump at the bottom of a tree."
250
765330
4000
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ู… ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู†ุŒ "ู„ุง ุชูˆุฌุฏ ู…ุถุฎุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุฌุฑ".
12:49
It's capillary action and transpiration pulls
251
769330
4000
ุฅู†ู‡ ู†ุดุงุท ู…ุซู„ ู†ุดุงุท ุงู„ุดุนุฑุŒ ุชุฑูุน ุงู„ู…ุงุก
12:53
water up, a drop at a time,
252
773330
2000
ุงู„ู…ุฑุชุดู ุŒ ู‚ุทุฑุฉู‹ ู‚ุทุฑุฉ.
12:55
pulling it, releasing it from a leaf and pulling it up through the roots.
253
775330
5000
ุชุณุญุจู‡ุŒ ุชุณุชุฎู„ุตู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุฑู‚ุฉ ุซู… ุชุฑูุนู‡ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุฌุฐูˆุฑ.
13:00
And they're creating -- you can think of it as a kind of wallpaper.
254
780330
3000
ูˆ ู‡ู… ูŠุตู†ุนูˆู† --ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒู… ุฃู† ุชุนุชุจุฑูˆู‡ ู†ูˆุนุง ู…ู† ูˆุฑู‚ ุงู„ุญุงุฆุท.
13:03
They're thinking about putting it on the insides of buildings
255
783330
4000
ูˆู‡ู… ูŠููƒุฑูˆู† ููŠ ูˆุถุนู‡ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ู…ุจุงู†ูŠ
13:07
to move water up without pumps.
256
787330
6000
ู„ู†ู‚ู„ ุงู„ู…ูŠุงู‡ ู…ู† ุฏูˆู† ู…ุถุฎุงุช.
13:13
Amazon electric eel -- incredibly endangered,
257
793330
2000
ุณู…ูƒ ุงู„ุฅู†ู‚ู„ูŠุณ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุนูŠุด ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงุฒูˆู†ุŒ ู…ู‡ุฏุฏ ุงู„ุขู† ุจุฎุทูˆุฑุฉุŒ
13:15
some of these species --
258
795330
2000
ุจุนุถ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุŒ
13:17
create 600 volts of electricity
259
797330
4000
ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุฎู„ู‚ 600 ููˆู„ุช ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุก
13:21
with the chemicals that are in your body.
260
801330
3000
ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชูˆุฌุฏ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุฌุณู…ูƒู….
13:24
Even more interesting to me is that
261
804330
2000
ูˆ ู…ุงุฃุนุชุจุฑู‡ ู…ุซูŠุฑุง ู„ู„ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู… ููŠ ุฑุฃูŠูŠ
13:26
600 volts doesn't fry it.
262
806330
3000
ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ู„ุง ุชุญุฑู‚ู‡.
13:29
You know we use PVC, and we sheath wires
263
809330
3000
ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู† ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ุณุชุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ. ูˆ ู†ุบู…ุฏ ุงู„ุฃุณู„ุงูƒ
13:32
with PVC for insulation.
264
812330
2000
ุจุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ ู…ู† ุฃุฌู„ ุนุฒู„ู‡ุง.
13:34
These organisms, how are they insulating
265
814330
2000
ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒุงุฆู†ุงุช ุงู„ุญูŠุฉุŒ ูƒูŠู ุชุชู…ูƒู† ู…ู† ุนุฒู„ ุฌุณู…ู‡ุง
13:36
against their own electric charge?
266
816330
3000
ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุญู†ุฉ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุตุฏุฑูˆู†ู‡ุงุŸ
13:39
These are some questions that we've yet to ask.
267
819330
3000
ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ุทุฑุญู‡ุง.
13:42
Here's a wind turbine manufacturer that went to a whale.
268
822330
4000
ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุตู‘ูู†ุน ู„ู…ุญุฑูƒุงุช ุงู„ุฑูŠุญ ุงุณุชู‚ู‰ ููƒุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญูˆุช.
13:46
Humpback whale has scalloped edges on its flippers.
269
826330
4000
ู„ุฏู‰ ุงู„ุญูˆุช ุงู„ุฃุญุฏุจ ุญูˆุงู ุตุฏููŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฒุนุงู†ูู‡ุง.
13:50
And those scalloped edges
270
830330
2000
ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญูˆุงู ุงู„ุตุฏููŠุฉ
13:52
play with flow in such a way
271
832330
3000
ุชู„ุงุนุจ ุงู„ุชูŠุงุฑ ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
13:55
that is reduces drag by 32 percent.
272
835330
3000
ุชู‚ู„ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงู†ุฌุฑุงู ุจู†ุณุจุฉ 32%.
13:58
These wind turbines can rotate in incredibly slow windspeeds, as a result.
273
838330
6000
ุฅุฐู† ููŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู…ุญุฑูƒุงุช ุงู„ุฑูŠุงุญ ู‡ุงุชู‡ ุฃู† ุชุชุญุฑูƒ ุจุดูƒู„ ุบุงูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุทุก ู…ู‡ู…ุง ุจู„ุบุช ุณุฑุนุฉ ุงู„ุฑูŠุงุญุŒ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ู„ุฐู„ูƒ.
14:04
MIT just has a new radio chip
274
844330
3000
ุงูƒุชุดู ู…ุนู‡ุฏ ู…ุงุณุงุชุดูˆุณุชุณ ู„ู„ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ุฑู‚ุงู‚ุฉ ุฑุงุฏูŠูˆ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ
14:07
that uses far less power than our chips.
275
847330
4000
ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ุทุงู‚ุฉ ุฃู‚ู„ ุจูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฑู‚ุงุฆู‚ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุณุชุนู…ู„ู‡ุง.
14:11
And it's based on the cochlear of your ear,
276
851330
3000
ูˆู‡ูŠ ุชูˆุถุน ุฏุงุฎู„ ู‚ูˆู‚ุนุฉ ุฃุฐู†ูƒู…ุŒ
14:14
able to pick up internet, wireless, television signals
277
854330
5000
ูˆู‡ูŠ ู‚ุงุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชู‚ุงุท ุฅุดุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ุงู†ุชุฑู†ุช ุŒุงู„ู„ุงุณู„ูƒูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ุชู„ูุงุฒุŒ
14:19
and radio signals, in the same chip.
278
859330
3000
ูˆุฅุดุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ุฑุงุฏูŠูˆุŒูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑู‚ุงู‚ุฉ ุฐุงุชู‡ุง.
14:22
Finally, on an ecosystem scale.
279
862330
4000
ูˆุฃุฎูŠุฑุงุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฃู†ุธู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅูŠูƒูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุฉ.
14:26
At Biomimicry Guild, which is my consulting company,
280
866330
3000
ููŠ" ุจูŠูˆู…ูŠู…ูŠูƒุฑูŠ ูƒูŠู„ุฏ" ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุดุฑูƒุชูŠ ุงู„ุฎุงุตุฉ ู„ู„ุงุณุชุดุงุฑุงุชุŒ
14:29
we work with HOK Architects.
281
869330
2000
ู†ุนู…ู„ ู…ุน ู…ู‡ู†ุฏุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุดุฑูƒุฉ "ู‡ูˆูƒ"ุŒ
14:31
We're looking at building whole cities
282
871330
4000
ูˆู†ุชุทู„ุน ุฅู„ู‰ ุจู†ุงุก ู…ุฏู† ูƒุงู…ู„ุฉุŒ
14:35
in their planning department.
283
875330
2000
ู…ุน ูุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุชุฎุทูŠุท ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจู‡ู….
14:37
And what we're saying is that,
284
877330
2000
ูˆู…ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ุŒ
14:39
shouldn't our cities do at least as well,
285
879330
3000
ุฃู„ุง ูŠู†ุจุบูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฏู†ู†ุง ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุฃูุถู„ ุญุงู„ุง ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู‚ู„ ุŒ
14:42
in terms of ecosystem services,
286
882330
2000
ู…ู† ุญูŠุซ ุฎุฏู…ุงุช ุงู„ู†ุธุงู… ุงู„ุฅูŠูƒูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠ ุŒ
14:44
as the native systems that they replace?
287
884330
3000
ูƒู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุญุงู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุธู… ุงู„ุชูŠ ุญู„ุช ู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ุงุŸ
14:47
So we're creating something called Ecological Performance Standards
288
887330
4000
ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู†ุญู† ุฎู„ู‚ ู…ุง ูŠุณู…ู‰ ู…ุนุงูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฃุฏุงุก ุงู„ุจูŠุฆูŠุŒ
14:51
that hold cities to this higher bar.
289
891330
4000
ู„ุฅู†ู‚ุงุก ุงู„ู…ุฏู† ุถู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุนุงูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ.
14:55
The question is -- biomimicry is an incredibly powerful
290
895330
3000
ูˆุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ู‡ูˆ -- ู…ุญุงูƒุงุฉ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุถุฎู… ุฌุฏุง
14:58
way to innovate.
291
898330
3000
ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงุจุชูƒุงุฑ.
15:01
The question I would ask is, "What's worth solving?"
292
901330
3000
ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุฃูˆุฏ ุทุฑุญู‡ ู‡ูˆ :" ู…ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุณุชุญู‚ ูุนู„ุง ุฃู† ู†ุฌุฏ ู„ู‡ ุญู„ุงุŸ"
15:04
If you haven't seen this, it's pretty amazing.
293
904330
2000
ุฅู† ูƒู†ุชู… ู„ู… ุชุฑูˆุง ู‡ุฐุง..ุฅู†ู‡ ู„ุฃู…ุฑ ู…ุฏู‡ุด ุฌุฏุง.
15:06
Dr. Adam Neiman.
294
906330
3000
ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุขุฏู… ู†ูŠู…ุงู†.
15:09
This is a depiction of
295
909330
2000
ู‡ุฐุง ุฑุณู… ูŠูˆุถุญ
15:11
all of the water on Earth
296
911330
2000
ุงู„ู…ูŠุงู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ
15:13
in relation to the volume of the Earth --
297
913330
2000
ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ุญุฌู… ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ
15:15
all the ice, all the fresh water, all the sea water --
298
915330
3000
ูƒู„ ุงู„ุฌู„ูŠุฏุŒ ูˆุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ู…ูŠุงู‡ ุงู„ุนุฐุจุฉ ุŒ ูˆุฌู…ูŠุน ู…ูŠุงู‡ ุงู„ุจุญุฑุŒ
15:18
and all the atmosphere that we can breathe, in relation to the volume of the Earth.
299
918330
4000
ูˆุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุก ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู†ุชู†ูุณู‡ุŒ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ.
15:22
And inside those balls
300
922330
2000
ูˆุฏุงุฎู„ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ูƒุฑุงุช
15:24
life, over 3.8 billion years,
301
924330
4000
ุตู†ุนุช ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฑ 3.8 ู…ู„ูŠุงุฑ ุณู†ุฉุŒ
15:28
has made a lush, livable place for us.
302
928330
5000
ู…ูƒุงู†ุง ุฎุตุจุง ูˆ ุตุงู„ุญุง ู„ู†ุนูŠุด ููŠู‡.
15:33
And we are in a long, long line
303
933330
3000
ูˆ ู†ุญู† ุงู„ุขู† ุนู„ู‰ ุตู ุทูˆูŠู„ ุฌุฏุง
15:36
of organisms
304
936330
2000
ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒุงุฆู†ุงุช ุงู„ุญูŠุฉ
15:38
to come to this planet and ask ourselves,
305
938330
3000
ู„ู†ุฃุชูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒูˆูƒุจ ุŒ ูˆ ู†ุณุฃู„ ุฃู†ูุณู†ุงุŒ
15:41
"How can we live here gracefully over the long haul?"
306
941330
4000
"ูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู„ุนูŠุด ู‡ู†ุง ุจุฃู…ุงู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฏู‰ ุงู„ุทูˆูŠู„ุŸ"
15:45
How can we do what life has learned to do?
307
945330
5000
ูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ูุนู„ ู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ุช ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ ูุนู„ู‡ุŸ
15:50
Which is to create conditions conducive to life.
308
950330
4000
ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฎู„ู‚ ุงู„ุธุฑูˆู ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุชูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุญูŠุงุฉ.
15:54
Now in order to do this, the design challenge
309
954330
4000
ุงู„ุขู† ู…ู† ุฃุฌู„ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡ุฐุง : ุชุญุฏูŠ ุชุตู…ูŠู…
15:58
of our century, I think,
310
958330
3000
ุงู„ู‚ุฑู† ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู†ุนูŠุดู‡ุŒ ููŠ ุงุนุชู‚ุงุฏูŠุŒ
16:01
we need a way to remind ourselves of those geniuses,
311
961330
5000
ู†ุญู† ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ูˆุณูŠู„ุฉ ู„ุชุฐูƒูŠุฑ ุฃู†ูุณู†ุง ุจุฃูˆู„ุฆูƒ ุงู„ุนุจุงู‚ุฑุฉุŒ
16:06
and to somehow meet them again.
312
966330
3000
ูˆุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุจุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู„ู‚ุงุคู‡ู… ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰.
16:09
One of the big ideas, one of the big projects
313
969330
2000
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃููƒุงุฑ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉุŒ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุน ุงู„ูƒุจุฑู‰
16:11
I've been honored to work on
314
971330
2000
ุชุดุฑูุช ุจุงู„ุนู…ู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง
16:13
is a new website. And I would encourage you all to please go to it.
315
973330
3000
ู‡ูˆู…ูˆู‚ุน ุฌุฏูŠุฏ. ูˆุฃูˆุฏ ุฃู† ุฃุดุฌุนูƒู… ุฌู…ูŠุนุง ู„ู„ุฐู‡ุงุจ ู„ุฒูŠุงุฑุชู‡.
16:16
It's called AskNature.org.
316
976330
3000
ูŠุณู…ู‰AskNature.org.
16:19
And what we're trying to do, in a TEDesque way,
317
979330
3000
ูˆู…ุง ู†ุญุงูˆู„ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡ ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุบุฑุงุฑ TEDุŒ
16:22
is to organize all biological information
318
982330
2000
ู‡ูˆ ุชู†ุธูŠู… ุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุช ุงู„ุจูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุฉ
16:24
by design and engineering function.
319
984330
4000
ุญุณุจ ูˆุธุงุฆูู‡ุง ุงู„ุชุตู…ูŠู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏุณูŠุฉ.
16:28
And we're working with EOL, Encyclopedia of Life,
320
988330
3000
ูˆู†ุญู† ู†ุนู…ู„ ู…ุน ุฏุงุฆุฑุฉ ู…ุนุงุฑู ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉุŒ ู…ูˆุณูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ ุŒ
16:31
Ed Wilson's TED wish.
321
991330
2000
ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู…ู†ูŠุฉ ุฅุฏ ูˆูŠู„ุณูˆู†.
16:33
And he's gathering all biological information
322
993330
3000
ูู‡ูˆ ูŠู‚ูˆู… ุจุฌู…ุน ูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุช ุงู„ุจูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุฉ
16:36
on one website.
323
996330
2000
ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆู‚ุน ูˆุงุญุฏ.
16:38
And the scientists who are contributing to EOL are answering a question,
324
998330
3000
ูˆุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุณุงู‡ู…ูˆู† ููŠ ุฏุงุฆุฑุฉ ู…ุนุงุฑู ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ ูŠุฌูŠุจูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุณุคุงู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ.
16:41
"What can we learn from this organism?"
325
1001330
3000
"ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ุชุนู„ู… ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒุงุฆู† ุงู„ุญูŠุŸ"
16:44
And that information will go into AskNature.org.
326
1004330
4000
ูุชุฌู…ุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุช ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆู‚ุน AskNature.org.
16:48
And hopefully, any inventor, anywhere in the world,
327
1008330
3000
ูˆู†ุฃู…ู„ุŒ ุฃู† ุฃูŠ ู…ุฎุชุฑุนุŒ ููŠ ุฃูŠ ู…ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ุŒ
16:51
will be able, in the moment of creation,
328
1011330
3000
ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ู‚ุงุฏุฑุง ุŒ ููŠ ู„ุญุธุฉ ุชู†ููŠุฐ ุงู„ุงุฎุชุฑุงุนุŒ
16:54
to type in, "How does nature remove salt from water?"
329
1014330
5000
ุฃู† ูŠูƒุชุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน : "ู…ุงุฐุง ูุนู„ุช ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ู„ุฅุฒุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ู„ุญ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุงู‡ุŸ"
16:59
And up will come mangroves, and sea turtles
330
1019330
3000
ูˆุณูˆู ุชุตู„ ุฃุดุฌุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ุงู†ุบุฑูˆู ูˆุงู„ุณู„ุงุญู ุงู„ุจุญุฑูŠุฉุŒ
17:02
and your own kidneys.
331
1022330
2000
ูˆ ุงู„ูƒู„ูŠุชุงู†.
17:04
And we'll begin to
332
1024330
3000
ูˆุณูˆู ู†ุตุจุญ
17:07
be able to
333
1027330
2000
ู‚ุงุฏุฑูŠู† ุนู„ู‰
17:09
do as Cody does,
334
1029330
2000
ูุนู„ ู…ุง ูŠู‚ูˆู… ุจู‡ ูƒูˆุฏูŠุŒ
17:11
and actually be in touch
335
1031330
3000
ูˆ ู†ูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงุชุตุงู„ ู…ุน
17:14
with these incredible models,
336
1034330
3000
ู…ุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ู…ุงุฐุฌ ุงู„ู…ุฏู‡ุดุฉุŒ
17:17
these elders that have been here
337
1037330
2000
ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ุดูŠูˆุฎ ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ู‡ู†ุง
17:19
far, far longer than we have.
338
1039330
2000
ูุชุฑุฉ ุฃุทูˆู„ ู…ู†ุง.
17:21
And hopefully, with their help,
339
1041330
2000
ูˆ ู†ุฃู…ู„ุŒ ุจู…ุณุงุนุฏุชู‡ู…ุŒ
17:23
we'll learn how to live on this Earth,
340
1043330
3000
ุณู†ุชุนู„ู… ูƒูŠู ู†ุนูŠุด ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถุŒ
17:26
and on this home that is ours, but not ours alone.
341
1046330
4000
ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจูŠุช ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู…ู„ูƒ ู„ู†ุง ุŒ ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ู„ูŠุณ ู…ู„ูƒุง ู„ู†ุง ูˆุญุฏู†ุง.
17:30
Thank you very much.
342
1050330
2000
ุดูƒุฑุง ุฌุฒูŠู„ุง ู„ูƒู….
17:32
(Applause)
343
1052330
5000
(ุชุตููŠู‚)
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7