Biomimicry in action | Janine Benyus

323,222 views ใƒป 2009-08-06

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Seungyeon Yoo ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jung-Eun Kim
00:18
If I could reveal anything
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๊ฐ์ถ”์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ
00:22
that is hidden from us,
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๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€
00:24
at least in modern cultures,
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์ ์–ด๋„ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋Š”,
00:28
it would be to reveal something that we've forgotten,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žŠ๊ณ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„
00:32
that we used to know
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์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
as well as we knew our own names.
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ํ•œ๋•Œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ด๋ฆ„ ๋งŒํผ์ด๋‚˜ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ง€์š”.
00:38
And that is that we live in a competent universe,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ „์ง€ ์ „๋Šฅํ•œ ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ,
00:42
that we are part of a brilliant planet,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žฌ๊ธฐ๋„˜์น˜๋Š”(or ์ •๋ง ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ) ํ–‰์„ฑ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ผ๋Š” ์ ,
00:45
and that we are surrounded by genius.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์ด ์ฒœ์žฌ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์žŠํ˜€์กŒ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
Biomimicry is a new discipline
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์˜์ƒํ•™ (ๆ“ฌ็”Ÿๅญธ)์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ฒœ์žฌ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
00:52
that tries to learn from those geniuses,
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๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นจ์„ ์–ป๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ•™๋ฌธ ๋ถ„์•ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
and take advice from them, design advice.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
00:58
That's where I live,
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์ด๊ณณ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
and it's my university as well.
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์ œ ํ•™๊ต์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ตฌ์š”.
01:04
I'm surrounded by genius. I cannot help but
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์ œ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ฒœ์žฌ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
remember the organisms and the ecosystems
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์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ์˜ ์šฐ์•„ํ•œ ์‚ถ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
01:13
that know how to live here gracefully on this planet.
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์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋“ค๊ณผ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ €๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
This is what I would tell you to remember
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:20
if you ever forget this again.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
Remember this.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
01:25
This is what happens every year.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค๋…„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
This is what keeps its promise.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ฝ์†์„ ์ง€ํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
While we're doing bailouts, this is what happened.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์ œ๊ธˆ์œต์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ์—๋„ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
Spring.
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๋ด„.
01:37
Imagine designing spring.
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[๋ด„]์„ ๋””์ž์ธํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑธ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
01:42
Imagine that orchestration.
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๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•œ๋ฐ ์–ด์šฐ๋Ÿฌ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„.
01:44
You think TED is hard to organize. (Laughter) Right?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ TED๋„ ์กฐ์งํ•˜๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ• ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. (์›ƒ์Œ) ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
01:48
Imagine, and if you haven't done this in a while, do.
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์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ํ•œ๋™์•ˆ ์•ˆํ•ด๋ณด์…จ์„์ง€๋ผ๋„, ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
01:53
Imagine the timing, the coordination,
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๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์กฐ์ ˆ๊ณผ ์กฐ์ • ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
01:57
all without top-down laws,
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ํ•˜ํ–ฅ์‹ ๊ทœ์น™๋„, ์ •์ฑ…๋„,
02:01
or policies, or climate change protocols.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ๋„ ์—†์ด ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
This happens every year.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค๋…„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
There is lots of showing off.
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๋ฝ๋‚ด๊ธฐ.
02:11
There is lots of love in the air.
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘์˜ ๊ธฐ์šด.
02:16
There's lots of grand openings.
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์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹œ์ž‘.
02:21
And the organisms, I promise you,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฑด๋Œ€,
02:23
have all of their priorities in order.
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์ด ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
I have this neighbor that keeps me in touch with this,
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์ €์˜ ํ•œ ์ด์›ƒ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์ง€ํ˜œ๋ฅผ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ผ๊นจ์›Œ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
because he's living, usually on his back,
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์นœ๊ตฐ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋ˆ„์šด์ฑ„
02:33
looking up at those grasses.
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์ˆ˜ํ’€์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋ฉฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
02:36
And one time he came up to me --
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๊ทธ ์นœ๊ตฐ ์ผ๊ณฑ ์—ฌ๋Ÿ์‚ด์ฏค ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:38
he was about seven or eight years old -- he came up to me.
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์–ด๋Š๋‚  ์ ˆ ์ฐพ์•„์˜ค๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
02:40
And there was a wasp's nest
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ ์ €ํฌ ์ง‘ ์•ž๋งˆ๋‹น์—”
02:42
that I had let grow in my yard,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ผ๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๋ฒ„๋ ค๋‘” ๋ง๋ฒŒ ๋‘ฅ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
02:44
right outside my door.
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ํ˜„๊ด€๋ฌธ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊นฅ์—์š”.
02:47
And most people knock them down when they're small.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์•„์ง ์ž‘์„๋•Œ ์—†์• ๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ,
02:49
But it was fascinating to me,
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์ œ ๋ˆˆ์—” ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ฐธ ๋ฉ‹์žˆ์–ด ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
because I was looking at this sort of fine Italian end papers.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ธด ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ดํƒœ๋ฆฌ์ œ ๋ฉด์ง€(้ข็ด™, ์„œ์ ์˜ ํ‘œ์ง€ ๋’ค์— ๋ถ™์ด๋Š” 4ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋ถ„์˜ ์ข…์ด)๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ
02:54
And he came up to me and he knocked.
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๊ทธ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ €ํฌ ์ง‘์„ ์ฐพ์•„์™€ ๋…ธํฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
He would come every day with something to show me.
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๊ทธ ์นœ๊ตฐ ๋งค์ผ๋งค์ผ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์˜ค๊ณค ํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
02:59
And like, knock like a woodpecker on my door until I opened it up.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋”ฑ๋‹ค๊ตฌ๋ฆฌ์ƒˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์„ ์—ด๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์† ๋…ธํฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋Œ€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
03:02
And he asked me
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๊ทธ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๊ธฐ๋ฅผ,
03:06
how I had made the house for those wasps,
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๋ง๋ฒŒ์ง‘์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์—ˆ๋Š๋ƒ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
03:13
because he had never seen one this big.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํฐ ๊ฑด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:16
And I told him, "You know, Cody,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. "์žˆ์ž–์•„, Cody,
03:19
the wasps actually made that."
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ง๋ฒŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŒ๋“ ๊ฑฐ๋ž€๋‹ค."
03:21
And we looked at it together.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๋ฒŒ์ง‘์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด์•˜์ง€์š”.
03:23
And I could see why he thought,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ณ ๋‚˜๋‹ˆ ์™œ ๊ทธ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒŒ์ง‘์„ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:27
you know -- it was so beautifully done.
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ง ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:29
It was so architectural. It was so precise.
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์ฐธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•™์ ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์ •๊ตํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:32
But it occurred to me, how in his small life
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ ์ €๋Š” ์•ˆํƒ€๊นŒ์›€์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
had he already believed the myth
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด ์†Œ๋…„์€ ๊ทธ ์งง์€ ์ƒ์•  ๋™์•ˆ์—
03:40
that if something was that well done,
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์ธ๊ฐ„๋งŒ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์ •๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”
03:44
that we must have done it.
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๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”.
03:46
How did he not know --
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์ธ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„,
03:49
it's what we've all forgotten --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋ง๊ฐํ•ด์˜จ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ-
03:52
that we're not the first ones to build.
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์–ด์งธ์„œ ๊ทธ ์†Œ๋…„ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”.
03:55
We're not the first ones to process cellulose.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์…€๋ฃฐ๋กœ์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์กด์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
We're not the first ones to make paper. We're not the first ones
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์ข…์ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ์ฒ˜์Œ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
04:00
to try to optimize packing space,
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์ตœ์ ํ™”๋œ ํ™”๋ฌผ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋„,
04:03
or to waterproof, or to try to heat and cool a structure.
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๋ฐฉ์ˆ˜, ํ˜น์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฒด์˜ ๊ฐ€์—ด/๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
We're not the first ones to build houses for our young.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ง‘์„ ์ง€์€ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์กด์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
What's happening now, in this field called biomimicry,
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์˜์ƒํ•™์ด๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ
04:16
is that people are beginning to remember
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์Œ์„ ์–ป๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
that organisms, other organisms,
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์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด๋“ค, ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด๋“ค์ด,
04:23
the rest of the natural world,
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๋˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ์œ„์˜ ์ž์—ฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€
04:25
are doing things very similar to what we need to do.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผํ•  ์ผ๊ณผ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ผ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:29
But in fact they are doing them in a way
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
04:31
that have allowed them to live gracefully on this planet
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์ง€๋‚œ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต๋…„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ƒ์—์„œ
04:33
for billions of years.
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์šฐ์•„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ด์•„์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค€ ์„ฑ๊ณต ๋น„๊ฒฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
So these people, biomimics,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ [์˜์ƒํ•™์ž]๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€,
04:39
are nature's apprentices.
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์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์ œ์ž(Apprentice, ๅพ’ๅผŸ)๋“ค์ธ ์…ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
And they're focusing on function.
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์ž์—ฐ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
04:43
What I'd like to do is show you a few of the things
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ
04:46
that they're learning.
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์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:49
They have asked themselves,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋˜์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
"What if, every time I started to invent something,
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"๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค,
04:55
I asked, 'How would nature solve this?'"
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์ž์—ฐ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ• ์ง€ ๋จผ์ € ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ?"
04:58
And here is what they're learning.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
This is an amazing picture from a Czech photographer named Jack Hedley.
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ Jack Hedley๋ผ๋Š” ์ฒด์ฝ” ์‚ฌ์ง„์ž‘๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ฐ์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
This is a story about an engineer at J.R. West.
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JR West์— ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ์—”์ง€๋‹ˆ์–ด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
They're the people who make the bullet train.
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JR West๋Š” ๊ณ ์† ์—ด์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:08
It was called the bullet train
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๊ทธ ์—ด์ฐจ๋Š” '์ด์•Œ ์—ด์ฐจ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ ธ๋Š”๋ฐ,
05:10
because it was rounded in front,
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์•ž ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋‘ฅ๊ธ€์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
but every time it went into a tunnel
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ํ„ฐ๋„์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ๋•Œ๋ฉด
05:14
it would build up a pressure wave,
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์••๋ ฅํŒŒ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
and then it would create like a sonic boom when it exited.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ„ฐ๋„์„ ๋น ์ ธ ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ๋•Œ๋ฉด ์Œ์†ํญ์Œ*๊ฐ™์€๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ตฌ์š”. (* =Sonic boom, ์ œํŠธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋น„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์— ์Œ์†์„ ๋ŒํŒŒํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์Œ์†์—์„œ ๊ฐ์†ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋˜๋Š” ์ดˆ์Œ์†๋น„ํ–‰์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํญ๋ฐœ์Œ)
05:19
So the engineer's boss said,
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์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณด์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ง€์‹œํ–ˆ๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
"Find a way to quiet this train."
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"์ด ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•„์™€๋ผ"
05:24
He happened to be a birder.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:26
He went to the equivalent of an Audubon Society meeting.
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์–ด๋Š๋‚  ์˜ค๋”๋ณธ ํ˜‘ํšŒ(๋ฏธ๊ตญ์•ผ์ƒ๋™๋ฌผํ˜‘ํšŒ)์ฏค ๋˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์ž„์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€
05:30
And he studied -- there was a film about king fishers.
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๋ฌผ์ด์ƒˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ดค๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
And he thought to himself, "They go from one density of medium,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ง€์š”- "์ € ์ƒˆ๋“ค์€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์ค‘์—์„œ ๋ฌผ์†์œผ๋กœ,
05:35
the air, into another density of medium, water,
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์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐ€๋„์˜ ๋งค์งˆ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฅผ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑด๋ฐ๋„
05:38
without a splash. Look at this picture.
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๋ฌผ๋ฐฉ์šธ์กฐ์ฐจ ํŠ€๊ธฐ์งˆ ์•Š๋Š”๊ตฐ". ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:41
Without a splash, so they can see the fish.
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๋ฌผ์ด ํŠ€๊ธฐ์งˆ ์•Š์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
And he thought, "What if we do this?"
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ?"
05:47
Quieted the train.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋Š” ์กฐ์šฉํ•ด์กŒ์ฃ .
05:50
Made it go 10 percent faster on 15 percent less electricity.
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15% ๋” ์ ์€ ์ „๊ธฐ๋กœ 10% ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
05:55
How does nature repel bacteria?
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์ž์—ฐ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ธ๊ท ์„ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์น ๊นŒ์š”?
05:57
We're not the first ones to have to protect ourselves
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์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์„ธ๊ท ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋˜
06:00
from some bacteria.
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์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์กด์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
Turns out that -- this is a Galapagos Shark.
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๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ฐˆ๋ผํŒŒ๊ณ ์Šค ์ƒ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
It has no bacteria on its surface, no fouling on its surface, no barnacles.
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์ด ์นœ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ”ผ๋ถ€์—” ์„ธ๊ท ์ด ์‚ด์งˆ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๋”๋Ÿฝํ˜€์ง€์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋”ฐ๊ฐœ๋น„ ๊ฐ™์€๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ถ™์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
And it's not because it goes fast.
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์ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์›€์ง์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
It actually basks. It's a slow-moving shark.
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์ด ์นœ๊ตฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ถ• ๋Š˜์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ถ•์ด์˜ˆ์š”. ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ์ƒ์–ด๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
So how does it keep its body free of bacteria build-up?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ธ๊ท  ์—†๋Š” ๋ชธ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
06:19
It doesn't do it with a chemical.
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ํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์“ฐ๋Š”๊ฑด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
It does it, it turns out, with the same denticles
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ฉด, ์Šคํ”ผ๋„ ์ˆ˜์˜๋ณต ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€
06:23
that you had on Speedo bathing suits,
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๋Œ๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
06:27
that broke all those records in the Olympics,
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์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ๊นจ๋Š”๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ ๋Œ๊ธฐ๋“ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:29
but it's a particular kind of pattern.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒ์–ด์˜ ํ”ผ๋ถ€์— ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑด ์ข€ ํŠน์ˆ˜ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋„๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
And that pattern, the architecture of that pattern
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ํŒจํ„ด,
06:34
on its skin denticles
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ํ”ผ๋ถ€ ๋Œ๊ธฐ ํŒจํ„ด์˜ ๊ทธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€
06:37
keep bacteria from being able to land and adhere.
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์„ธ๊ท ์ด ํ”ผ๋ถ€์— ๋‚ด๋ ค์•‰์•„ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๋ถ™๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
There is a company called Sharklet Technologies
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ Sharklet Technologies๋ผ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
06:43
that's now putting this on the surfaces in hospitals
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์ด ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋ณ‘์›์˜ ๋ฒฝ๋ฉด์— ์ ์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
06:47
to keep bacteria from landing,
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์„ธ๊ท ๋ฒˆ์‹์„ ์ €ํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
which is better than dousing it with anti-bacterials or harsh cleansers
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์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ฒฝ์— ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ๋‚˜ ๋…ํ•œ ์„ธ์ •์ œ๋ฅผ ํผ๋ถ“๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ณด๋‹ค ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ๋ฐ,
06:55
that many, many organisms are now becoming drug resistant.
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ํ˜„๋Œ€์— ๋“ค์–ด์™€ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ณ‘์›์ฒด๋“ค์ด ์•ฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ฑ์„ ํ‚ค์›Œ์™”๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
Hospital-acquired infections are now killing
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ ์–ป์€ ๊ฐ์—ผ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ฃฝ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
07:01
more people every year in the United States
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์—์ด์ฆˆ๋‚˜ ์•”, ๋˜๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ง์ž๋“ค์„
07:04
than die from AIDS or cancer or car accidents combined --
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๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•ฉ์นœ ์ˆ˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
about 100,000.
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์‹ญ๋งŒ๋ช…์ฏค ๋” ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:11
This is a little critter that's in the Namibian desert.
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์ด๋…€์„์€ ๋‚˜๋ฏธ๋น„์•„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
It has no fresh water that it's able to drink,
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์‚ฌ๋ง‰์—” ์ด๋…€์„์ด ๋งˆ์‹ค๋งŒํ•œ ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์ด ์—†์–ด์š”.
07:17
but it drinks water out of fog.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋…€์„์€ ์•ˆ๊ฐœ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฌผ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•  ์ค„ ์•ˆ๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
It's got bumps on the back of its wing covers.
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๋‚ ๊ฐœ ๊ป์งˆ ๋’ค์ชฝ์— ํŠ€์–ด๋‚˜์˜จ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
07:23
And those bumps act like a magnet for water.
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๊ทธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋ฌผ์„ ๋Œ์–ด๋“ค์ด๋Š” ์ž์„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
They have water-loving tips, and waxy sides.
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๋์€ ์นœ์ˆ˜์„ฑ(่ฆชๆฐดๆ€ง)์ธ ๋ฐ ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด, ์˜†๋ฉด์€ ์™์Šค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฐ˜์งˆ๋ฐ˜์งˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
07:29
And the fog comes in and it builds up on the tips.
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์•ˆ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋‹ฟ์œผ๋ฉด ๋๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋ชจ์—ฌ ๋ฌผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋งบํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
07:32
And it goes down the sides and goes into the critter's mouth.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ๋ชธํ†ต์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋ ค์„  ๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ์˜ ์ž…์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š”๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
There is actually a scientist here at Oxford
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์˜ฅ์Šคํฌ๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์•ค๋“œ๋ฅ˜ ํŒŒ์ปค๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž๊ฐ€
07:38
who studied this, Andrew Parker.
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์ด๊ฑธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
07:40
And now kinetic and architectural firms like Grimshaw
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Grimshaw์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ‚ค๋„คํ‹ฑ ๊ฑด์ถ•*ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ (* ๊ธฐํ›„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋˜๋Š” ํ•„์š”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ€ํ˜• ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์„ ์ง“๋Š” ๊ฒƒ)
07:44
are starting to look at this as a way
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ด ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
07:46
of coating buildings
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๊ฑด๋ฌผ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ์ฝ”ํŒ…ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
07:49
so that they gather water from the fog.
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์•ˆ๊ฐœ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฌผ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๊ณ ๋ ค ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:51
10 times better than our fog-catching nets.
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๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์•ˆ๊ฐœ์žก์ด ๊ทธ๋ฌผ๋ณด๋‹ค ์—ด๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
07:56
CO2 as a building block.
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์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ์›์ž์žฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:58
Organisms don't think of CO2 as a poison.
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๋™์‹๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋…์„ฑ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
Plants and organisms that make shells,
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๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋“ค์€ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ
08:03
coral, think of it as a building block.
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๊ป์งˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฐํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ฃ .
08:06
There is now a cement manufacturing company
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์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— Clara๋ผ๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ์ œ์กฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
08:09
starting in the United States called Calera.
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๋ฌธ์„ ์—ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
They've borrowed the recipe from the coral reef,
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์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฐํ˜ธ์ดˆ์˜ ๋น„๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•˜์—ฌ,
08:15
and they're using CO2 as a building block
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์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ์™€ ์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ์—
08:18
in cement, in concrete.
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์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
Instead of -- cement usually
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๋ณดํ†ต ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ 1ํ†ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ
08:22
emits a ton of CO2 for every ton of cement.
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1ํ†ค ์ •๋„์˜ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ์ถœ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:25
Now it's reversing that equation,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์‘์‹์˜ ์ง„ํ–‰ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด
08:27
and actually sequestering half a ton of CO2
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1ํ†ค ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ์ œ์กฐ์— ๋ฐ˜ ํ†ค์˜ ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
thanks to the recipe from the coral.
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์‚ฐํ˜ธ์ดˆ์˜ ๋น„๋ฒ• ๋•๋ถ„์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
08:32
None of these are using the organisms.
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์—ฌํƒœ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ณด์‹  ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
They're really only using the blueprints or the recipes
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ฒญ์‚ฌ์ง„, ํ˜น์€ ๋น„๋ฒ•์„
08:36
from the organisms.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
08:39
How does nature gather the sun's energy?
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์ž์—ฐ์€ ํƒœ์–‘์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ชจ์„๊นŒ์š”?
08:42
This is a new kind of solar cell
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์žŽ์˜ ์ž‘๋™๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•œ
08:44
that's based on how a leaf works.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
It's self-assembling.
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์ž๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๋ฆฝ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๊ตฌ์š”,
08:48
It can be put down on any substrate whatsoever.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฌผ์ฒด์—๊ฑด ์˜ฌ๋ ค์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
It's extremely inexpensive
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์ด ์ „์ง€๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ €๋ ดํ•œ๋ฐ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
08:52
and rechargeable every five years.
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5๋…„๋งˆ๋‹ค ์žฌ์ถฉ์ „ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
It's actually a company a company that I'm involved in called OneSun,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ Paul Hawken๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” OneSun์ด๋ผ๋Š”
08:58
with Paul Hawken.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์ œํ’ˆ์ด๊ตฌ์š”.
09:00
There are many many ways that nature filters water
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์ž์—ฐ์ด ๋ฌผ์—์„œ ์—ผ๋ถ„์„ ์—ฌ๊ณผํ•ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋Š”
09:04
that takes salt out of water.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
We take water and push it against a membrane.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ์••๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์—ฌ๊ณผ๋ง‰์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฑธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
And then we wonder why the membrane clogs
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ณผ๋ง‰์ด ๋ง‰ํ˜€๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
09:12
and why it takes so much electricity.
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์ „๋ ฅ ์†Œ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‹ฌํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
09:14
Nature does something much more elegant.
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์ž์—ฐ์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ์šฐ์•„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
And it's in every cell.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์„ธํฌ ์•ˆ์— ๊ตฌํ˜„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
09:18
Every red blood cell of your body right now
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋ชธ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ ์„ธํฌ๋Š”
09:21
has these hourglass-shaped pores
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๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชจ๋ž˜์‹œ๊ณ„ ๋ชจ์–‘์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
09:23
called aquaporins.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„์ฟ ์•„ํฌ๋ฆฐ(Aquaporin)์ด๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
They actually export water molecules through.
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์•„์ฟ ์•„ํฌ๋ฆฐ์€ ๋ฌผ๋ถ„์ž๋ฅผ ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์•ˆํŒŽ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
It's kind of a forward osmosis.
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์ด๋Š” ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์ •์‚ผํˆฌ์ž‘์šฉ(Forward osmosis)์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ,
09:30
They export water molecules through,
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์šฉ์งˆ์€ ํ†ต๊ณผ์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
09:32
and leave solutes on the other side.
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๋ฌผ ๋ถ„์ž๋งŒ์„ ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
A company called Aquaporin is starting to make desalination
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ํ˜„์žฌ Aquaporin์ด๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ชจ๋ฐฉํ•˜์—ฌ
09:38
membranes mimicking this technology.
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์—ผ๋ถ„ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋ง‰์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
Trees and bones are constantly reforming themselves
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๋‚˜๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋ผˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์— ๋งž์ถฐ
09:47
along lines of stress.
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
This algorithm has been put into a software program
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์ด ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์— ์ ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
09:53
that's now being used to make bridges lightweight,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€๋“ค๋ณด๋ฅผ
09:55
to make building beams lightweight.
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๊ฒฝ๋Ÿ‰ํ™” ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
Actually G.M. Opel used it
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ G.M. Opel์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์€
10:00
to create that skeleton you see,
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๊ณจ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
10:04
in what's called their bionic car.
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์ด ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ์€ 'bionic car'๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ž๋™์ฐจ์— ์ ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
It lightweighted that skeleton using a minimum amount of material,
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ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ์ด ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ์ด ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์˜ ์ž์žฌ๋กœ
10:10
as an organism must,
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์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋„๋ก ๊ฒฝ๋Ÿ‰ํ™” ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:13
for the maximum amount of strength.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋“ฏ์ด ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
This beetle, unlike this chip bag here,
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ์ด ๋”ฑ์ •๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ๋Š”, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ๊ณผ์ž๋ด‰์ง€์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ
10:21
this beetle uses one material, chitin.
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ํ‚คํ‹ด(Chitin)์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ž์žฌ๋งŒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
And it finds many many ways
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ์ด ์ž์žฌ์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š”
10:26
to put many functions into it.
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ์•ˆํ•ด๋ƒˆ์ง€์š”.
10:28
It's waterproof.
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๋”ฑ์ •๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ์˜ ๊ป์งˆ์€ ๋ฐฉ์ˆ˜์„ฑ์ด๋ฉฐ,
10:30
It's strong and resilient.
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๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ํƒ„๋ ฅ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
It's breathable. It creates color through structure.
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ํ†ต๊ธฐ์„ฑ์ด๊ณ , ํ˜•ํƒœ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ƒ‰๊น”์„ ๋„๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
Whereas that chip bag has about seven layers to do all of those things.
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๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ๊ณผ์ž๋ด‰์ง€์—” ์ผ๊ณฑ๊ฒน์˜ ์ธต์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
10:40
One of our major inventions
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์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋“ค์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์—
10:43
that we need to be able to do
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์กฐ๊ธˆ์ด๋ผ๋„ ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”
10:45
to come even close to what these organisms can do
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ผ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
10:47
is to find a way
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์žฌ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ์–‘์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ 
10:51
to minimize the amount of material, the kind of material we use,
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„
10:54
and to add design to it.
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์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:56
We use five polymers in the natural world
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์ž์—ฐ๊ณ„๋Š” ๋‹ค์„ฏ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ณ ๋ถ„์ž(Polymer)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
10:59
to do everything that you see.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์„ ํ•ด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
In our world we use about 350 polymers
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„  ์•ฝ 350์ข…์˜ ๊ณ ๋ถ„์ž๊ฐ€
11:05
to make all this.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฑธ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
11:10
Nature is nano.
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์ž์—ฐ์€ ๋‚˜๋…ธ(Nano)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:12
Nanotechnology, nanoparticles, you hear a lot of worry about this.
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๋‚˜๋…ธํ…Œํฌ๋†€๋กœ์ง€, ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž- ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฑฑ์ • ์„ž์ธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธธ ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ค์œผ์…จ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:17
Loose nanoparticles. What is really interesting to me
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์ž์œ ๋กœ์ด ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋…ธ ํฌ๊ธฐ ์ž…์ž์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๋˜์ง€ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:21
is that not many people have been asking,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณผ๋•Œ ์ •๋ง ์‹ ๊ธฐํ•œ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ๋ƒ๋ฉด,
11:24
"How can we consult nature about how to make nanotechnology safe?"
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"๋‚˜๋…ธํ…Œํฌ๋†€๋กœ์ง€๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ์ž์—ฐ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์„๊นŒ?" ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ณ„๋กœ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
Nature has been doing that for a long time.
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์ž์—ฐ์€ ์ด ์ผ์„ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ํ•ด์™”๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:31
Embedding nanoparticles in a material for instance, always.
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์ด๋ฅผํ…Œ๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž๋ฅผ ํŠน์ • ์†Œ์žฌ์— ๋ฐ•์•„๋„ฃ๋Š” ์ผ ๊ฐ™์€๊ฒƒ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:35
In fact, sulfur-reducing bacteria,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ํ™ฉ์‚ฐํ™˜์›๊ท ์€
11:37
as part of their synthesis,
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ํ™ฉ ์›์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ™ฉํ™”์ˆ˜์†Œ๋กœ ํ™˜์›์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์‘ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ (์ด๋“ค์€ ์ด ๋ฐ˜์‘์—์„œ ๋ฐฉ์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ์กดํ•จ)
11:40
they will emit, as a byproduct,
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๋ถ€์‚ฐ๋ฌผ๋กœ์จ
11:42
nanoparticles into the water.
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๋‚˜๋…ธ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ž…์ž๋“ค์„ ๋ฌผ ์†์— ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
But then right after that, they emit a protein
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ž๋งˆ์ž ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
11:46
that actually gathers and aggregates those nanoparticles
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๊ทธ ์ž…์ž๋“ค์„ ๋ชจ์•„์„œ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์„ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•˜์ฃ .
11:49
so that they fall out of solution.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ญ‰์ณ์ง„ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž๋Š” ์šฉ์•ก์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
Energy use. Organisms sip energy,
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ - ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋ ˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
because they have to work or barter for every single bit that they get.
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์•„์ฃผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ผ๋„ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„  ์ผํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํฅ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ง€์š”.
12:04
And one of the largest fields right now,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋ง ์—…๊ณ„์—์„œ
12:07
in the world of energy grids,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ถ„์•ผ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ฉด,
12:09
you hear about the smart grid.
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'์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋“œ'๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค - ์•„๋งˆ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์…จ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
12:11
One of the largest consultants are the social insects.
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๊ฟ€๋ฒŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ตฐ๊ฑฐ์„ฑ ๊ณค์ถฉ๋“ค์€ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋“œ์˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์กฐ์–ธ์ž๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
Swarm technology. There is a company called Regen.
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์ด๋ฅผํ…Œ๋ฉด ์ง‘๋‹จ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  (Swarm technology)์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
They are looking at how ants and bees
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Regen์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
12:21
find their food and their flowers
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์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ๋‚˜ ๋ฒŒ์ด ์ง‘๋‹จ ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ
12:24
in the most effective way
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๋จน์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ
12:26
as a whole hive.
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์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
And they're having appliances in your home
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๊ทธ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ „๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์— ์ ์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ,
12:31
talk to one another through that algorithm,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ
12:34
and determine how to minimize peak power use.
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์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ „๋ ฅ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™” ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋” ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
12:40
There's a group of scientists in Cornell
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์ฝ”๋„ฌ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๊ตฐ์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด
12:43
that are making what they call a synthetic tree,
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'ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ๋‚˜๋ฌด'๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
because they are saying, "There is no pump at the bottom of a tree."
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ์•„๋ž˜์ชฝ์— ํŽŒํ”„๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฐ๋„ ๋ฌผ์ด ๋Œ์–ด ์˜ฌ๋ ค์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:49
It's capillary action and transpiration pulls
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฌผ์€ ๋ชจ์„ธ๊ด€ ํ˜„์ƒ๊ณผ ์ฆ์‚ฐ ์ž‘์šฉ์— ์˜ํ•ด
12:53
water up, a drop at a time,
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ํ•œ๋ฒˆ์— ํ•œ๋ฐฉ์šธ์”ฉ ์œ„๋กœ ๋Œ์–ด์˜ฌ๋ ค์ง€์ง€์š”.
12:55
pulling it, releasing it from a leaf and pulling it up through the roots.
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๋Œ์–ด ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์žŽ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋Œ์–ด ์˜ฌ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:00
And they're creating -- you can think of it as a kind of wallpaper.
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์ฝ”๋„ฌ์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋ฒฝ์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:03
They're thinking about putting it on the insides of buildings
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๊ทธ ๋ฒฝ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์•ˆ์ชฝ์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
13:07
to move water up without pumps.
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ํŽŒํ”„ ์—†์ด ๋ฌผ์„ ์œ„๋กœ ๋Œ์–ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ํ•˜์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
13:13
Amazon electric eel -- incredibly endangered,
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์•„๋งˆ์กด ์ „๊ธฐ ๋ฑ€์žฅ์–ด- ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ๋ฉธ์ข… ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ข…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:15
some of these species --
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์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š”
13:17
create 600 volts of electricity
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ชธ ์†์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•œ ํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
13:21
with the chemicals that are in your body.
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600๋ณผํŠธ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
Even more interesting to me is that
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณผ๋•Œ ๋” ์‹ ๊ธฐํ•œ ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ๋ƒ๋ฉด,
13:26
600 volts doesn't fry it.
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๊ทธ 600๋ณผํŠธ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ „์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:29
You know we use PVC, and we sheath wires
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” PVC (Polyvinyl chloride)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑฐ ์•„์‹ค๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:32
with PVC for insulation.
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์ ˆ์—ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ „์„ ์„ ๊ฐ์‹ธ๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ฃ .
13:34
These organisms, how are they insulating
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฑ€์žฅ์–ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ 
13:36
against their own electric charge?
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์ „๊ธฐ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
13:39
These are some questions that we've yet to ask.
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด๋‹ต์€ ์•„์ง ์ฐพ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:42
Here's a wind turbine manufacturer that went to a whale.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๊ณ ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ„ ํ’๋ ฅ ํ„ฐ๋นˆ ์ œ์กฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:46
Humpback whale has scalloped edges on its flippers.
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ํ˜น๋“ฑ๊ณ ๋ž˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ๋น„ ๋ชจ์–‘์˜ ํ…Œ๊ฐ€ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ๋ฌผ๊ฐˆํ€ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
13:50
And those scalloped edges
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์ด ํ…Œ๋‘๋ฆฌ ๋•๋ถ„์— ํ˜น๋“ฑ๊ณ ๋ž˜๋Š”
13:52
play with flow in such a way
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๋ฌผ ์†์—์„œ 32% ๋” ์ ์€ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ 
13:55
that is reduces drag by 32 percent.
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์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
These wind turbines can rotate in incredibly slow windspeeds, as a result.
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์ด๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ํ’๋ ฅํ„ฐ๋นˆ์€ ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์€ ํ’์†์˜ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ž‘๋™ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
14:04
MIT just has a new radio chip
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์ตœ๊ทผ MIT์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ œํ’ˆ๋ณด๋‹ค
14:07
that uses far less power than our chips.
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ ์€ ์ „๋ ฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ผ๋””์˜ค ์ง‘์ ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:11
And it's based on the cochlear of your ear,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๊ท€์˜ ๋‹ฌํŒฝ์ด๊ด€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณธ๋œฌ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ,
14:14
able to pick up internet, wireless, television signals
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฌด์„  ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท, TV ๋ฐ ๋ผ๋””์˜ค ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ
14:19
and radio signals, in the same chip.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํšŒ๋กœ๋กœ ๋ชจ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:22
Finally, on an ecosystem scale.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:26
At Biomimicry Guild, which is my consulting company,
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์ €์˜ ์ปจ์„คํŒ… ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ธ Biomimicry Guild๋Š”
14:29
we work with HOK Architects.
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HOK(์„ธ๊ณ„์  ๊ฑด์ถ•ํšŒ์‚ฌ)์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:31
We're looking at building whole cities
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” HOK์˜ ๊ธฐํš ๋ถ€์„œ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜
14:35
in their planning department.
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์ „์ฒด ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด์„คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
14:37
And what we're saying is that,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š”,
14:39
shouldn't our cities do at least as well,
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์— ์žˆ์–ด
14:42
in terms of ecosystem services,
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์ ์–ด๋„ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ๊ณ„๋งŒํผ์€
14:44
as the native systems that they replace?
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๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:47
So we're creating something called Ecological Performance Standards
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” [์ƒํƒœํ•™์  ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๊ธฐ์ค€]์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•˜์—ฌ
14:51
that hold cities to this higher bar.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์งˆ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด ์ด ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ์ถฉ์กฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋” ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:55
The question is -- biomimicry is an incredibly powerful
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์˜์ƒํ•™์€ ๋†€๋ž๋„๋ก ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ
14:58
way to innovate.
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ํ˜์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:01
The question I would ask is, "What's worth solving?"
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์ด ๋Œ€๋ชฉ์—์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ฌด์—‡์ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ๊ฐ€?"
15:04
If you haven't seen this, it's pretty amazing.
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์•„์ง ๋ณธ์ ์ด ์—†์œผ์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„๋งˆ ๊ฝค ๋†€๋ผ์‹ค ํ…๋ฐ์š”,
15:06
Dr. Adam Neiman.
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Adam Neiman ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์˜ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:09
This is a depiction of
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ณด์ด์‹œ๋Š” ๊ตฌ(็ƒ)๋Š”
15:11
all of the water on Earth
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์ง€์ƒ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌผ์˜ ์–‘์„
15:13
in relation to the volume of the Earth --
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ „์ฒด ๋ถ€ํ”ผ์— ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:15
all the ice, all the fresh water, all the sea water --
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๋ชจ๋“  ์–ผ์Œ, ์‹ ์„ ํ•œ ๋ฌผ, ๋ฐ”๋‹ท๋ฌผ,
15:18
and all the atmosphere that we can breathe, in relation to the volume of the Earth.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆจ์‰ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ „์ฒด ๋ถ€ํ”ผ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์ด๋Ÿ‰ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:22
And inside those balls
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒ๋ช…์€
15:24
life, over 3.8 billion years,
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์ง€๋‚œ 38์–ต๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
15:28
has made a lush, livable place for us.
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์ € ๊ตฌ ์•ˆ์„ ํ’์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ ๋„ ์‚ด๊ธฐ ์ข‹์€ ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊พธ์–ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:33
And we are in a long, long line
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€
15:36
of organisms
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์ด ๋ณ„์— ์ฐพ์•„์™€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด์˜จ
15:38
to come to this planet and ask ourselves,
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:41
"How can we live here gracefully over the long haul?"
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"์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ์ด ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์˜ค๋ž˜ํ† ๋ก ์ž˜ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?"
15:45
How can we do what life has learned to do?
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"์ƒ๋ช…์ด ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์˜จ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‹ค์ฒœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?"
15:50
Which is to create conditions conducive to life.
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์ƒ๋ช…์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:54
Now in order to do this, the design challenge
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋ฉฐ,
15:58
of our century, I think,
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์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
16:01
we need a way to remind ourselves of those geniuses,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ ์ฒœ์žฌ๋“ค์˜ ์กด์žฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œํŽธ
16:06
and to somehow meet them again.
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์ด๋“ค์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:09
One of the big ideas, one of the big projects
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜๊ด‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
16:11
I've been honored to work on
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:13
is a new website. And I would encourage you all to please go to it.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ผญ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ด๋ณด์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:16
It's called AskNature.org.
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ AskNature.org ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:19
And what we're trying to do, in a TEDesque way,
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์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€, ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด TED์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ
16:22
is to organize all biological information
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์„ค๊ณ„์ ยท๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ์ธก๋ฉด์— ์˜๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ
16:24
by design and engineering function.
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์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:28
And we're working with EOL, Encyclopedia of Life,
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” EOL (Encyclopaedia Of Life)๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:31
Ed Wilson's TED wish.
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Ed Wilson์˜ ์†Œ์›์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ ๋ง์ด์˜ˆ์š”. (* [ํ†ต์„ญ]์ด๋ž€ ์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ €๋ช…ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ž์ด๋ฉฐ, EOL์€ ์ƒ๋ช…๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ ๋ณด์กด์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚ฌ ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์†Œ๋ง์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ)
16:33
And he's gathering all biological information
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Ed๋Š” ๊ทธ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ (http://www.eol.org)์—
16:36
on one website.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์œผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:38
And the scientists who are contributing to EOL are answering a question,
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๋˜ํ•œ EOL์— ๋ด‰์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ตฌ์š”.
16:41
"What can we learn from this organism?"
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"์ด ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?"
16:44
And that information will go into AskNature.org.
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๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์ด AskNature.org์— ์ถ•์ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:48
And hopefully, any inventor, anywhere in the world,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐœ๋ช…๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๊ฑด๊ฐ„์—
16:51
will be able, in the moment of creation,
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„, ์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์—
16:54
to type in, "How does nature remove salt from water?"
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"์ž์—ฐ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์—์„œ ์—ผ๋ถ„์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ• ๊นŒ?" ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ณ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
16:59
And up will come mangroves, and sea turtles
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ™์ˆ˜๋ฆผ*์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋ถ, (* ์—ด๋Œ€์ง€๋ฐฉ์˜ ๊ฐ• ์–ด๊ท€ ๋ฐ ํ•ด๋ณ€์— ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ˆฒ)
17:02
and your own kidneys.
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๋˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์‹ ์žฅ(์ฝฉํŒฅ) ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
17:04
And we'll begin to
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
17:07
be able to
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์ œ ๊ผฌ๋งˆ ์นœ๊ตฌ Cody๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ,
17:09
do as Cody does,
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์ฆ‰ ์ด ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ชจ๋ฒ” ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋“ค์„
17:11
and actually be in touch
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ ‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„
17:14
with these incredible models,
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:17
these elders that have been here
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ธ๊ฐ„๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ
17:19
far, far longer than we have.
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์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ƒ์กดํ•ด์˜จ ์ด๋“ค์„ ๋ง์ด์ง€์š”.
17:21
And hopefully, with their help,
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๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ฑด๋Œ€, ์ด๋“ค์˜ ๋„์›€์— ํž˜์ž…์–ด
17:23
we'll learn how to live on this Earth,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋ณ„์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:26
and on this home that is ours, but not ours alone.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง‘์ด๋˜, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋งŒ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:30
Thank you very much.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:32
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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