Eric Whitacre: Virtual Choir Live

366,888 views ใƒป 2013-03-22

TED


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…: Mira Kraรฏmia ุงู„ู…ุฏู‚ู‘ู‚: Anwar Dafa-Alla
00:12
In 1991 I had
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ููŠ ุนุงู… 1991 ูƒุงู†ุช ู„ูŠ ุชุฌุฑุจุฉ
00:14
maybe the most profound and transformative
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ุฑุจู…ุง ุงู„ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุนู…ู‚ุง ูˆุชุญูˆูŠู„ุง
00:17
experience of my life.
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ููŠ ู…ุฌุฑู‰ ุญูŠุงุชูŠ.
00:18
I was in the third year of my seven-year undergraduate degree.
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ูƒู†ุช ููŠ ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ู…ู† ุฏุฑุงุณุชูŠ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุชูˆุงุตู„ ู„ุณุจุน ุณู†ูˆุงุช.
00:23
I took a couple victory laps in there.
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ูู‚ุฏ ุนุดุช ูุชุฑุงุช ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุฌุงุญ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ.
00:25
And I was on a college choir tour up in Northern California,
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ูˆูƒู†ุช ููŠ ุฌูˆู„ุฉ ุฌูˆู‚ุฉ ุชุงุจุนุฉ ู„ู„ูƒู„ูŠุฉ ุดู…ุงู„ ูƒุงู„ูŠููˆุฑู†ูŠุงุŒ
00:29
and we had stopped for the day after all day on the bus,
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ูˆูŠูˆู…ุง ู…ุงุŒ ุชูˆู‚ู‘ูู†ุง ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุณู‘ูุฑ ูŠูˆู…ุง ูƒุงู…ู„ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุชู† ุงู„ุญุงูู„ุฉุŒ
00:32
and we were relaxing next to this beautiful
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ูˆุญุงูˆู„ู†ุง ุงู„ุงุณุชุฑุฎุงุก ุจุฌูˆุงุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡
00:34
idyllic lake in the mountains.
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ุงู„ุจุญูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฌุจู„ูŠู‘ุฉ ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠู„ุฉ.
00:36
And there were crickets and birds and frogs making noise,
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ูˆูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ุตุฑุงุตูŠุฑ ูˆุงู„ุทูŠูˆุฑ ูˆุงู„ุถูุงุฏุน ุชุตุฏุฑ ุฃุตูˆุงุชุงุŒ
00:41
and as we sat there, over the mountains coming in
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ูˆุฌู„ุณู†ุง ู‡ู†ุงูƒุŒ ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุฌุจุงู„ ุจุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ
00:43
from the north were these Steven Spielbergian clouds
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ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ูŠู‘ุฉ ุญูŠุซ ูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุบูŠูˆู… ุชุดุจู‡ ุณุชูŠูู† ุณุจูŠู„ุจุฑุบ
00:46
rolling toward us,
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ุชุชุฌู‘ู‡ ู†ุญูˆู†ุงุŒ
00:48
and as the clouds got about halfway over the valley,
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ูˆุนู†ุฏ ูˆุตูˆู„ ุงู„ุบูŠูˆู… ุจู…ู†ุชุตู ุทุฑูŠู‚ู‡ุง ู†ุญูˆ ุงู„ูˆุงุฏูŠุŒ
00:50
so help me God, every single animal in that place
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ูƒู„ู‘ ุญูŠูˆุงู† ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู†
00:55
stopped making noise at the same time.
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ุชูˆู‚ู‘ู ุนู† ุงุตุฏุงุฑ ุฃุตูˆุงุช ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช.
00:57
(Whoosh) This electric hush, as if they could sense what was about to happen.
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ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุตู…ุช ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุฆูŠุŒ ูƒู…ุง ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ู‘ู‡ุง ุนุฑูุช ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุดูƒ ุฃู† ูŠุญุฏุซ.
01:02
And then the clouds came over us, and then,
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ุซู… ุฌุงุก ุงู„ุบูŠูˆู… ููˆู‚ ุฑุคูˆุณู†ุงุŒ ูˆู…ู† ุซู…ุŒ
01:04
boom! This massive thunderclap, and sheets of rain.
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ุจูˆู…! ู‚ุตู ุฑุนุฏ ู‚ูˆูŠู‘ุŒ ูˆู‡ุทู„ ุงู„ู…ุทุฑ ุจุบุฒุงุฑุฉ.
01:09
It was just extraordinary, and when I came back home
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ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ู…ุฐู‡ู„ุงุŒ ูˆุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุฑุฌุนุช ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ู†ุฒู„
01:12
I found a poem by the Mexican poet Octavio Paz,
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ูˆุฌุฏุช ู‚ุตูŠุฏุฉ ู„ู„ุดุงุนุฑ ุงู„ู…ูƒุณูŠูƒูŠ ุฃูˆูƒุชุงููŠูˆ ุจุงุซุŒ
01:15
and decided to set it to music,
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ูˆู‚ุฑู‘ุฑุช ุฃู† ุฃู‚ูˆู… ุจุชู„ุญูŠู†ู‡ุงุŒ
01:17
a piece for choir called "Cloudburst,"
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ู„ู…ู‚ุทูˆุนุฉ ุฌูˆู‚ุฉ ุณู…ู‘ูŠุชู‡ุง "ุงู„ุนุงุตูุฉ"ุŒ
01:20
which is the piece that we'll perform for you in just a moment.
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ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุทูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุณู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจุฃุฏุงุกู‡ุง ู‚ุฑูŠุจุง.
01:23
Now fast forward to just three years ago.
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ุงู„ุขู† ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ุจุงู„ุฒู‘ู…ู† ุฅู„ู‰ 3 ุณู†ูŠู† ู…ุถุช.
01:27
(Music) And we released to YouTube this,
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(ู…ูˆุณูŠู‚ู‰) ู†ุดุฑู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠูˆุชูŠูˆุจุŒ
01:31
the Virtual Choir Project,
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ู…ุดุฑูˆุน ุงู„ุฌูˆู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุงูุชุฑุงุถูŠู‘ุฉุŒ
01:33
185 singers from 12 different countries.
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185 ู…ุบู†ู‘ูŠุง ู…ู† 12 ุจู„ุฏุง ู…ุฎุชู„ูุงู‹.
01:36
You can see my little video there conducting these people,
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ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒู… ู…ุดุงู‡ุฏุชูŠ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ุฃู‚ูˆุฏ ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ู†ู‘ุงุณุŒ
01:40
alone in their dorm rooms
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ุงู„ุฌุงู„ุณูˆู† ุจู…ูุฑุฏู‡ู… ููŠ ุบุฑู ู†ูˆู…ู‡ู…
01:41
or in their living rooms at home.
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ุฃูˆ ุบุฑู ุงู„ู…ุนูŠุดุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุฒู„.
01:44
Two years ago, on this very stage, we premiered
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ู‚ุจู„ ุนุงู…ูŠู†ุŒ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู†ูุณ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุณุฑุญุŒ ุจุฏุฃู†ุง
01:48
Virtual Choir 2,
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ุงู„ุฌูˆู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุงูุชุฑุงุถูŠู‘ุฉ 2ุŒ
01:51
2,052 singers from 58 different countries,
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ุจู…ุณุงุนุฏุฉ 2052 ู…ุทุฑุจุง ู…ู† 58 ุจู„ุฏุง ู…ุฎุชู„ูุงู‹ุŒ
01:56
this time performing a piece that I had written called "Sleep."
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ูˆุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุฑู‘ุฉ ุนุฑุถู†ุง ู…ู‚ุทูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุชุฃู„ูŠููŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง "ู†ูˆู…".
01:59
And then just last spring we released Virtual Choir 3,
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ูˆุซู… ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุจูŠุน ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠ ูู‚ุท ู†ุดุฑู†ุง ุงู„ุฌูˆู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุงูุชุฑุงุถูŠู‘ุฉ 3ุŒ
02:04
"Water Night," another piece that I had written,
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"ู„ูŠู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุงู‡ุŒ" ู…ู‚ุทูˆุนุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู…ู† ุชุฃู„ูŠููŠุŒ
02:07
this time nearly 4,000 singers from 73 different countries.
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ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุฌู…ุนู†ุง 4000 ู…ุบู†ู‘ูŠุง ู…ู† 73 ุจู„ุฏุง ู…ุฎุชู„ูุงู‹.
02:13
(Music)
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(ู…ูˆุณูŠู‚ู‰)
02:18
And when I was speaking to Chris about the future
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ูˆุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูƒู†ุช ุฃุชุญุฏู‘ุซ ู…ุน ูƒุฑูŠุณ ุญูˆู„ ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„
02:21
of Virtual Choir and where we might be able to take this,
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ุงู„ุฌูˆู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุงูุชุฑุงุถูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุฅู„ู‰ ุฃูŠู‘ ู…ุฏู‰ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„ุŒ
02:24
he challenged me to push the technology as far as we possibly could.
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ุชุญุฏู‘ุงู†ูŠ ู„ุฏูุน ุงู„ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃู‚ุตู‰ ู…ุง ูŠู…ูƒู†.
02:28
Could we do this all in real time?
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ู‡ู„ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุฐู„ูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ุขู†ุŸ
02:31
Could we have people singing together in real time?
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ู‡ู„ ู†ุณุชุทูŠุน ุฌุนู„ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุชุบู†ู‘ูŠ ู…ุนุง ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุชุŸ
02:34
And with the help of Skype,
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ุจู…ุณุงุนุฏุฉ ุณูƒุงูŠุจุŒ
02:35
that is what we are going to attempt today.
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ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ู†ุญู† ุจุตุฏุฏ ู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู….
02:38
Now, we'll perform "Cloudburst" for you.
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ุงู„ุขู†ุŒ ุณูˆู ู†ุบู†ู‘ูŠ ู„ูƒู… "ุงู„ุนุงุตูุฉ".
02:40
The first half will be performed by the live singers here on stage.
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ุงู„ู†ุตู ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุณูŠุคุฏู‘ูŠู‡ ู…ุทุฑุจูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูˆู† ู‡ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฎุดุจุฉ ุงู„ู…ุณุฑุญ.
02:43
I'm joined by singers from Cal State Long Beach,
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ูˆู‡ู… ู…ุทุฑุจูˆู† ู…ู† ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ูƒุงู„ูŠููˆุฑู†ูŠุง ุจู„ูˆู†ุบ ุจูŠุชุดุŒ
02:45
Cal State Fullerton and Riverside Community College,
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ู…ู† ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ูƒุงู„ูŠููˆุฑู†ูŠุง ุจููˆู„ุฑุชูˆู† ูƒุงู„ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ูˆูƒู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุฑูŠูุฑุณุงูŠุฏุŒ
02:49
some of the best amateur choirs in the country, and โ€”
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ู‡ู… ู…ู† ู…ู† ุฃูุถู„ ุงู„ุฌูˆู‚ุงุช ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุจู„ุฏุŒ ูˆ โ€”
02:52
(Applause) --
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(ุชุตููŠู‚) --
02:59
and in the second half of the piece,
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ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู†ุตู ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู‚ุทูˆุนุฉุŒ
03:01
the virtual choir will join us, 30 different singers
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ุณูˆู ูŠู†ุถู… ุฅู„ูŠู†ุง 30 ู…ุบู†ู‘ูŠุง ู…ุฎุชู„ูุง
03:04
from 30 different countries.
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ู…ู† 30 ุจู„ุฏุง ู…ุฎุชู„ูุงู‹.
03:06
Now, we've pushed the technology as far as it can go,
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ู‚ู…ุช ุจุงุณุชุบู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ุจุฃู‚ุตู‰ ุญุฏู‘ุŒ
03:09
but there's still less than a second of latency,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ู„ุง ูŠุฒุงู„ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุชุฃุฎู‘ุฑ ุฃู‚ู„ู‘ ู…ู† ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ
03:12
but in musical terms, that's a lifetime.
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ู„ูƒู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุณูŠู‚ูŠุฉุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุฏู‘ุฉ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ.
03:14
We deal in milliseconds.
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ูˆู†ุญู† ู†ุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจุงู„ู…ูŠู„ูŠ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ.
03:15
So what I've done is, I've adapted "Cloudburst"
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุง ู‚ู…ุช ุจู‡ ูƒุงู† ุชูƒูŠูŠู "ุงู„ุนุงุตูุฉ"
03:18
so that it embraces the latency
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ู„ูƒูŠ ู„ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุชุฃุฎูŠุฑ
03:20
and the performers sing into the latency
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ูˆุณูŠุบู†ูŠู‘ ุงู„ู…ุทุฑุจูˆู† ุฏูˆู† ุชุฃุฎูŠุฑ
03:23
instead of trying to be exactly together.
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ุจุฏู„ุงู‹ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุบู†ุงุก ู…ุนุง.
03:25
So with deep humility, and for your approval,
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ุฐู„ูƒ ูˆุจุชูˆุงุถุน ุนู…ูŠู‚ุŒ ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฅุฐู†ูƒู…ุŒ
03:29
we present "Cloudburst."
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ู†ู‚ุฏู‘ู… ู„ูƒู… "ุงู„ุนุงุตูุฉ".
03:31
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
03:36
(Piano)
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(ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ูˆ)
03:42
[The rain ...]
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[ุงู„ู…ุทุฑ...]
03:53
[Eyes of shadow-water]
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[ุนูŠูˆู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุงู‡ ุงู„ู…ุธู„ู…ุฉ]
03:58
[eyes of well-water]
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[ุนูŠูˆู† ุขุจุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ูŠุงู‡]
04:16
[eyes of dream-water.]
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[ุนูŠูˆู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุงู‡ ุงู„ุญู„ู….]
04:27
[Blue suns, green whirlwinds,]
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[ุดู…ูˆุณ ุฒุฑู‚ุงุกุŒ ุทูˆุงุญูŠู† ุฎุถุฑุงุกุŒ]
04:45
[birdbeaks of light pecking open]
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[ุชู†ูุชุญ ู…ู†ุงู‚ูŠุฑ ุงู„ุทู‘ูŠูˆุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุถูˆุก]
04:53
[pomegranate stars.]
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[ู†ุฌูˆู… ู…ู† ุฑู…ู‘ุงู†].
05:03
[But tell me, burnt earth, is there no water?]
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[ูˆู„ูƒู† ู‚ู„ูŠ ู„ูŠ ุฃูŠู‘ุชู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ ุงู„ู…ุญุชุฑู‚ุฉุŒ ุฃู…ุง ู…ู† ู…ูŠุงู‡ุŸ]
05:22
[Only blood, only dust,]
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[ูู‚ุท ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ูู‚ุท ุบุจุงุฑุŒ]
05:30
[only naked footsteps on the thorns?]
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[ูู‚ุท ุฎุทู‰ ุนุงุฑูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุดูˆุงูƒุŸ]
05:46
[The rain awakens...]
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[ุงู„ู…ุทุฑ ูŠู†ู‡ุงู„...]
06:04
[We must sleep with open eyes,]
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[ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ู†ู†ุงู… ุจุนูŠูˆู† ู…ูุชูˆุญุฉุŒ]
06:07
[we must dream with our hands,]
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[ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ู†ุญู„ู… ุจุฃูŠุฏูŠู†ุงุŒ]
06:20
[we must dream the dreams of a river seeking its course,]
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[ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ู†ุญู„ู… ุฃุญู„ุงู… ู†ู‡ุฑ ูŠุณุนู‰ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุฌุฑุงู‡ุŒ]
06:25
[of the sun dreaming its worlds.]
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[ูˆุจุงู„ุดู…ุณ ุชุญู„ู… ุจุงู„ุฃูƒูˆุงู†].
06:39
[We must dream aloud,]
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[ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ู†ุญู„ู… ุจุตูˆุช ุนุงู„ุŒ]
07:00
[we must sing till the song puts forth roots,]
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[ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ู†ุบู†ู‘ูŠ ุญุชู‘ู‰ ุชุทุฑุญ ุงู„ุฃุบู†ูŠุฉ ุฌุฐูˆุฑู‡ุงุŒ]
07:27
[trunk, branches, birds, stars.]
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[ุงู„ุฌุฐุนุŒ ุงู„ูุฑูˆุน ูˆุงู„ุทูŠูˆุฑ ูˆุงู„ู†ุฌูˆู….]
07:57
[We must find the lost word,]
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[ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ู†ุฌุฏ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ูู‚ูˆุฏุฉุŒ]
08:12
[and remember what the blood,]
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[ูˆู†ุชุฐูƒู‘ุฑ ู…ุง ูŠู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ]
08:20
[the tides, the earth, and the body say,]
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[ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฏ ูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุฑ ูˆุงู„ุฃุฑุถ ูˆุงู„ุฌุณู…ุŒ]
08:46
[and return to the point of departure...]
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[ุซู…ู‘ ู†ุนูˆุฏ ุฅู„ู‰ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุงู†ุทู„ุงู‚...]
09:04
(Music)
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(ู…ูˆุณูŠู‚ู‰)
11:34
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
11:49
["Cloudburst" Octavio Paz][translation by Lysander Kemp, adapted by Eric Whitacre]
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["ุงู„ุนุงุตูุฉ" ู„ุฃูˆูƒุชุงููŠูˆ ุจุงุซ][ุชุฑุฌู…ู‡ุง ู„ุณู†ุฏุงุฑ ูƒูŠู…ุจุŒ ู„ุญู‘ู†ู‡ุง ุฅูŠุฑูŠูƒ ูˆูŠุชุขูƒุฑ]
11:51
Eric Whitacre: Beth. Annabelle, where are you? Jacob.
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ุฅุฑูŠูƒ ูˆูŠุชุขูƒุฑ: ุจูŠุซ. ุฃู†ุงุจูŠู„ุŒ ุฃูŠู† ุฃู†ุชู…ุงุŸ ูŠุนู‚ูˆุจ.
11:58
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
12:20
Thank you.
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ุดูƒุฑุง ู„ูƒู….

Original video on YouTube.com
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

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