Maurizio Seracini: The secret lives of paintings

35,406 views ใƒป 2012-10-12

TED


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Thu-Huong Ha
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ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…: ali alshalali ุงู„ู…ุฏู‚ู‘ู‚: Ayman Mahmoud
00:16
In 1975, I met in Florence a professor, Carlo Pedretti,
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ููŠ 1975 , ุงู„ุชู‚ูŠุช ููŠ ูู„ูˆุฑุงู†ุณ ุจุจุฑูˆููŠุณูˆุฑ ูƒุงุฑู„ูˆ ุจุฏุฑูŠุชูŠ
00:20
my former professor of art history, and today
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ุงุณุชุงุฐูŠ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ ููŠ ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุงู„ูู† , ูˆุงู„ูŠูˆู…
00:23
a world-renowned scholar of Leonardo da Vinci.
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ู‡ูˆ ุจุงุญุซ ุนุงู„ู…ูŠ ู…ุดู‡ูˆุฑ ู„ู€ ู„ูŠูˆู†ุงุฑุฏูˆ ุฏุง ููŠู†ุดูŠ
00:27
Well, he asked me if I could find some technological way
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ุญุณู†ุงู‹ ู„ู‚ุฏ ุณุฃู„ู†ูŠ ู…ุง ุงุฐุง ูƒู†ุช ุฃุนุฑู ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุฉ
00:31
to unfold a five-centuries-old mystery related to
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ู„ุญู„ ู„ุบุฒ ู„ู‡ ุฎู…ุณ ู‚ุฑูˆู† ู…ุชุนู„ู‚
00:35
a lost masterpiece by Leonardo da Vinci,
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ุจุชุญูุฉ ู…ูู‚ูˆุฏุฉ ู„ู„ูŠูˆู†ุงุฑุฏูˆ ุฏุง ูู†ุดูŠ "ู…ุนุฑูƒุฉ ุฃู†ุบูŠุงุฑูŠ"
00:38
the "Battle of Anghiari," which is supposed to be located
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ุงู„ุชูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูุชุฑุถ ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
00:41
in the Hall of the 500 in Palazzo Vecchio, in Florence.
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ููŠ ู‚ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฎู…ุณ ู…ุฆุฉ ููŠ ุจุงู„ุงุฒูˆ ููŠูƒูŠูˆ ููŠ ูู„ูˆุฑุงู†ุณ
00:43
Well, in the mid-'70s, there were not great opportunities
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ุญุณู†ุง ููŠ ู…ู†ุชุตู ุงู„ุณุจุนูŠู†ุงุช ู„ู… ูŠูƒู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ูุฑุต ุฌูŠุฏุฉ
00:47
for a bioengineer like me, especially in Italy, and so
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ู„ู„ู…ู‡ู†ุฏุณูŠู† ุงู„ุจูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠูŠู† ุงู…ุซุงู„ูŠ ุฎุตูˆุตุงู‹ ููŠ ุงูŠุทุงู„ูŠุง
00:50
I decided, with some researchers from the United States
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ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู‚ุฑุฑุช ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุจุญุงุซ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ุงู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ
00:54
and the University of Florence, to start probing the murals
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ูˆุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ูู„ูˆุฑุงู†ุณ ู„ู„ุจุฏุก ููŠ ุงู„ุชุญู‚ูŠู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฏุงุฑูŠุงุช
00:59
decorated by Vasari on the long walls of the Hall of the 500
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ุตู…ู…ุช ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ูุงุฒุงุฑูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุฌุฏุฑุงู† ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ู„ู‚ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฎู…ุณู…ุงุฆุฉ
01:03
searching for the lost Leonardo.
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ู„ู„ุจุญุซ ุนู† ู…ูู‚ูˆุฏุฉ ู„ูŠูˆู†ุงุฑุฏูˆ
01:05
Unfortunately, at that time we did not know that
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ู„ุณูˆุก ุงู„ุญุธ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุญูŠู† ู„ู… ู†ูƒู† ู†ุนู„ู…
01:09
that was not exactly where we should be looking,
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ุงู†ู‡ ู„ูŠุณ ุชู…ุงู…ุง ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู…ูุชุฑุถ ุงู„ุจุญุซ ููŠู‡
01:13
because we had to go much deeper in, and so the research
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ู„ุงู†ู‡ ูŠุฌุจ ุงู† ู†ุชุนู…ู‚ ุงูƒุซุฑ ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุจุญุซ
01:17
came to a halt, and it was only taken up in 2000
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ุชูˆู‚ู ูˆู†ู‚ู„ ุนู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนุงู… 2000
01:22
thanks to the interest and the enthusiasm of the Guinness family.
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ูˆุฐู„ูƒ ุจูุถู„ ุงู„ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู… ูˆุงู„ุญู…ุงุณ ู„ุฃุณุฑุฉ ุบูŠู†ูŠุณ
01:26
Well, this time, we focused on trying to reconstruct
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ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุฑูƒุฒู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ ุงุนุงุฏุฉ ุจู†ุงุก
01:29
the way the Hall of the 500 was before the remodeling,
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ู‚ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฎู…ุณู…ุงุฆุฉ ู‚ุจู„ ุงุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุชุตู…ูŠู…
01:32
and the so-called Sala Grande, which was built in 1494,
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ูˆูŠุณู…ู‰ ุณุงู„ุง ุบุฑุงู†ุฏูŠุŒ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุจู†ูŠ ููŠ ุนุงู… 1494
01:36
and to find out the original doors, windows,
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ูˆู„ู†ุนุฑู ุงู„ุงุจูˆุงุจ ูˆุงู„ู†ูˆุงูุฐ ุงู„ุฃุตู„ูŠุฉ
01:39
and in order to do that, we first created a 3D model,
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ูˆู„ูุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงูˆู„ุง ุตู…ู…ู†ุง ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุซู„ุงุซูŠ ุงู„ุฃุจุนุงุฏ
01:43
and then, with thermography, we went on to discover
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ุซู… ู…ุน ุงู„ุชุตูˆูŠุฑ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑูŠุŒ ุฐู‡ุจู†ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุงูƒุชุดุงู
01:47
hidden windows. These are the original windows of the hall
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ู†ูˆุงูุฐ ู…ุฎููŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู†ูˆุงูุฐ ุงู„ุฃุตู„ูŠุฉ ู„ู‚ุงุนุฉ ุณุงู„ุง ู‚ุฑุงู†ุฏูŠ
01:50
of the Sala Grande. We also found out about the height
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ูƒู…ุง ูˆุฌุฏู†ุง ุญูˆู„ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณู‚ู
01:53
of the ceiling, and we managed to reconstruct, therefore,
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ูˆู†ุฌุญู†ุง ููŠ ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุจู†ุงุก ู„ุฐู„ูƒ
01:57
all the layout of this original hall
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ูƒู„ ุงู„ุชุฎุทูŠุท ู„ู„ู‚ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃุตู„ูŠุฉ
01:59
the way it was before there came Vasari,
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ูˆุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ู‚ุจู„ ูŠุฃุชูŠ ูุงุฑุงุฒูŠ
02:03
and restructured the whole thing,
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ูˆุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ู‡ูŠูƒู„ุฉ ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก
02:05
including a staircase that was very important
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ุจู…ุง ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูƒุงู† ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง
02:09
in order to precisely place "The Battle of Anghiari"
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ู…ู† ุฃุฌู„ ูˆุถุน ุจุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠุฏ "ู…ุนุฑูƒุฉ ุฃู†ุบูŠุงุฑูŠ "
02:13
on a specific area of one of the two walls.
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ุนู„ู‰ ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆุงุช
02:17
Well, we also learned that Vasari, who was commissioned
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ุญุณู†ุงู‹ ู†ุญู† ุงูŠุถุงู‹ ุชุนู„ู…ู†ุง ุงู† ูุงุฑุงุฒูŠ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู…ููˆุถ
02:20
to remodel the Hall of the 500 between 1560 and 1574
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ุจุงุนุงุฏุฉ ุชุตู…ูŠู… ู‚ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฎู…ุณู…ุงุฆุฉ ู…ุงุจูŠู† ุนุงู… 1560 ูˆุนุงู… 1574
02:25
by the Grand Duke Cosimo I of the Medici family,
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ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู‚ุฑุงู†ุฏ ุฏูˆู‚ ูƒูˆุฒูŠู…ูˆ ุขูŠ ู…ู† ุนุงุฆู„ุฉ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุดูŠ
02:29
we have at least two instances when he saved masterpieces
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ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู‚ู„ ุญุงู„ุชูŠู† ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุงู†ู‚ุฐ ุงู„ุชุญู
02:33
specifically by placing a brick wall in front of it
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ุจุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ูˆุถุน ุฌุฏุงุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุทูˆุจ ุฃู…ุงู…ู‡
02:36
and leaving a small air gap.
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ูˆุชุฑูƒ ูุชุญุฉ ุชู‡ูˆูŠุฉ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ
02:38
One that we [see] here, Masaccio, the church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence,
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ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุฑุงู‡ุง [ุงู†ุธุฑ] ู‡ู†ุงุŒู…ุงุฒุงุชุดูˆุŒ ูƒู†ูŠุณุฉ ุณุงู†ุชุง ู…ุงุฑูŠุง ู†ูˆููŠู„ุง ููŠ ูู„ูˆุฑู†ุณุงุŒ
02:42
so we just said, well maybe, Visari has done something
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ุงุฐุงู‹ ู‚ู„ู†ุงุŒ ุฑุจู…ุง ูุงุฒุงุฑูŠ ู‚ุฏ ูุนู„ ุดูŠุฆุง
02:45
like that in the case of this great work of art by Leonardo,
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ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‚ุจูŠู„ ููŠ ู‚ุถูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุนุธูŠู… ู„ู„ูู† ู„ูŠูˆู†ุงุฑุฏูˆ
02:48
since he was a great admirer of Leonardo da Vinci.
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ุฎุงุตุฉ ูˆุงู†ู‡ ูƒุงู† ู…ู† ูƒุจุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ุนุฌุจูŠู† ุจู„ูŠูˆู†ุงุฑุฏูˆ ุฏุง ููŠู†ุดูŠ
02:51
And so we built some very sophisticated radio antennas
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุจู†ูŠู†ุง ู†ุญู† ุจุนุถ ู‡ูˆุงุฆูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฑุงุฏูŠูˆ ุงู„ู…ุชุทูˆุฑุฉ ุฌุฏุง
02:55
just for probing both walls and searching for an air gap.
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ูู‚ุท ู„ุจุญุซ ูƒู„ุง ุงู„ุฌุฏุฑุงูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุจุญุซ ุนู† ุซุบุฑุฉ ู‡ูˆุงุก.
03:01
And we did find many on the right panel of the east wall,
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ูˆู„ู‚ุฏ ูˆุฌุฏู†ุง ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุงู„ูŠู…ู†ู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌุฏุงุฑ ุงู„ุดุฑู‚ูŠุŒ
03:06
an air gap, and that's where
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ูุฌูˆุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุกุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง
03:08
we believe "The Battle of Anghiari,"
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ูƒู†ุง ู†ุนุชู‚ุฏู‡ "ู…ุนุฑูƒุฉ ุฃู†ุบูŠุงุฑูŠ"ุŒ
03:10
or at least the part that we know has been painted,
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ุฃูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู‚ู„ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู†ุนู„ู… ุงู†ู‡ ุชู… ุฑุณู…ู‡ุงุŒ
03:12
which is called "The Fight for the Standard," should be located.
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ูˆู‡ูˆ ู…ุง ูŠุณู…ู‰ "ุงู„ูƒูุงุญ ู…ู† ุฃุฌู„ ุงู„ูˆุญุฏุฉุŒ" ุงูŠู† ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ.
03:15
Well, from there, unfortunately,
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ุงุฐุงุŒ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒุŒ ู„ู„ุฃุณูุŒ
03:19
in 2004, the project
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ููŠ 2004 ุงู„ู…ุดุฑูˆุน
03:21
came to a halt. Many political reasons.
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ุชูˆู‚ู.ู„ุนุฏุฉ ุฃุณุจุงุจ ุณูŠุงุณูŠุฉ
03:24
So I decided to go back to my alma mater,
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู‚ุฑุฑุช ุฃู† ุฃุนูˆุฏ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฌุงู…ุนุชูŠ
03:27
and, at the University of California, San Diego,
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ูˆ ููŠ ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ูƒุงู„ูŠููˆุฑู†ูŠุง ุณุงู† ุฏูŠูŠุบูˆ
03:29
and I proposed to open up a research center
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ุงู‚ุชุฑุญุช ูุชุญ ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุฃุจุญุงุซ
03:32
for engineering sciences for cultural heritage.
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ู„ู„ุนู„ูˆู… ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏุณูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุชุฑุงุซ ุงู„ุซู‚ุงููŠ
03:35
And in 2007, we created CISA3 as a research center
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ูˆููŠ ุนุงู… 2007ุŒ ุฃู†ุดุฃู†ุง CISA3 " ุดูŠุฒุง 3 " ูƒู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุงู„ุจุญูˆุซ
03:39
for cultural heritage, specifically art, architecture
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ู„ู„ุชุฑุงุซ ุงู„ุซู‚ุงููŠุŒ ูˆุชุญุฏูŠุฏุง ุงู„ูู† ูˆุงู„ุนู…ุงุฑุฉ
03:42
and archaeology. So students started to flow in,
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ูˆุนู„ู… ุงู„ุขุซุงุฑ. ู‡ูƒุฐุง ุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ุทู„ุงุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุฏูู‚ ููŠ
03:45
and we started to build technologies, because that's
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ูˆุจุฏุฃู†ุง ููŠ ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุงุชุŒ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง
03:47
basically what we also needed in order to move forward
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ู‡ูˆ ุฃุณุงุณุง ู…ุง ู†ุญุชุงุฌู‡ ุฃูŠุถุง ู…ู† ุฃุฌู„ ุงู„ู…ุถูŠ ู‚ุฏู…ุง
03:49
and go and do fieldwork.
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ูˆุงู„ุฐู‡ุงุจ ูˆุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุงู„ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู†ูŠ
03:52
We came back in the Hall of the 500 in 2011,
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ุนุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู‰ ู‚ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฎู…ุณู…ุงุฆุฉ ููŠ ุนุงู… 2011ุŒ
03:57
and this time, with a great group of students,
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ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉุŒ ู…ุน ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุฑุงุฆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุทู„ุงุจุŒ
04:00
and my colleague, Professor Falko Kuester,
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ูˆุฒู…ูŠู„ูŠุŒ ุฃุณุชุงุฐ ูุงู„ูƒูˆ ูƒูˆูŠุณุชุฑ
04:03
who is now the director at CISA3, and we
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ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุขู† ู…ุฏูŠุฑ ููŠ ุดูŠุฒุง 3 ุŒ ูˆู†ุญู†
04:05
came back just since we knew already where to look for
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ุนุฏู†ุง ุญูŠุซ ูƒู†ุง ู†ุนู„ู… ุจุงู„ูุนู„ ุจู…ุฌุฑุฏ ุฃู† ู†ู†ุธุฑ ููŠู‡ุง
04:10
to find out if there was still something left.
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ู„ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ู…ุง ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุง ูŠุฒุงู„ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุดูŠุก ู…ุชุจู‚ูŠ
04:13
Well, we were confined though, limited, I should rather say,
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ูˆู„ูƒู†ู†ุง ูƒู†ุง ู†ู‚ุชุตุฑุŒ ุฏุนูˆู†ูŠ ุงู‚ูˆู„
04:17
for several reasons that it's not worth explaining,
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ู„ุขุณุจุงุจ ุนุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุบูŠุฑ ุฌุฏูŠุฑู‡ ุจุงู„ุฐูƒุฑ
04:20
to endoscopy only, of the many other options we had,
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ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชู†ุธูŠุฑ ูู‚ุทุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎูŠุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ูƒุงู†ุช ู„ุฏูŠู†ุงุŒ
04:23
and with a 4mm camera attached to it,
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ูˆ ุจูค ู…ู„ู… ูƒุงู…ูŠุฑุง ู…ูˆุตูˆู„ู‡
04:27
we were successful in documenting and taking
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ูˆ ุชู…ูƒู†ุง ุจู†ุฌุงุญ ู…ู† ุชูˆุซูŠู‚ ูˆ ุงุฎุฐ
04:32
some fragments of what it turns out to be
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ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุนู†ูŠุงุช ูˆ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุจูŠู† ุฃู†ู‡ุง
04:37
a reddish color, black color, and there is some
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ู…ุญู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุŒ ุณูˆุฏุงุกุงู„ู„ูˆู† ูˆ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุงุช ุจู„ูˆู† ุจูŠุฌูŠ
04:40
beige fragments that later on
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ูˆู‚ุฏ ู‚ู…ู†ุง ู„ุงุญู‚ุงู‹
04:44
we ran a much more sophisticated exams,
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ุจู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ู…ุนู‚ุฏุฉ ู…ุซู„
04:47
XRF, X-ray diffraction, and the results are very positive
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XRFุŒ ุงู„ุฃุดุนุฉ ุงู„ุณูŠู†ูŠุฉุŒ ูˆูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ุฅูŠุฌุงุจูŠุฉ ุฌุฏุง
04:52
so far. It seems to indicate that indeed
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ุญุชู‰ ุงู„ุขู†. ูŠุจุฏูˆ ู„ู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃู† ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน
04:55
we have found some pigments, and since we know for sure
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ู‚ุฏ ุนุซุฑู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุงุตุจุงุบุŒ ูˆู†ุธุฑุง ู„ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ุนุฑู ูŠู‚ูŠู†ุงู‹
04:58
that no other artist has painted on that wall
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ุฃู† ู„ุง ูู†ุงู† ุขุฎุฑ ู‚ุฏ ุฑุณู… ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฌุฏุงุฑ
05:00
before Vasari came in about 60 years later, well,
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ู‚ุจู„ ูุงุณุงุฑูŠ ุฌุงุก ููŠ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 60 ุนุงู…ุง ููŠ ูˆู‚ุช ู„ุงุญู‚ุŒ ูˆุฃูŠุถุง
05:04
those pigments are therefore firmly related to mural painting
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ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู‡ูŠ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุตุจุบุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุนู„ู‚ุฉ ุจุญุฒู… ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุฌุฏุงุฑูŠุฉ
05:06
and most likely to Leonardo.
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ูˆุงู„ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ุง ู„ูŠูˆู†ุงุฑุฏูˆ
05:09
Well, we are searching for the highest and highly praised
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ุญุณู†ุงุŒ ู†ุญู† ู†ุจุญุซ ุนู† ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ูˆุฃุนู„ูŠ ุฅุดุงุฏุฉ
05:14
work of art ever achieved by mankind.
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ุนู…ู„ ูู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุฃูŠ ูˆู‚ุช ู…ุถู‰ ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุญู‚ู‚ุช
05:17
As a matter of fact, this is by far the most important
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ูƒู…ุง ูˆุงู‚ุน ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุฅู„ู‰ ุญุฏ ุจุนูŠุฏ ุฃู‡ู…
05:20
commission that Leonardo has ever had,
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ุชููˆูŠุถ ู„ูŠูˆู†ุงุฑุฏูˆ ููŠ ุฃูŠ ูˆู‚ุช ู…ุถู‰
05:23
and for doing this great masterpiece, he was named
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ูˆู„ู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡ุฐุง ุชุญูุฉ ูู†ูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉุŒ ูˆูƒุงู† ู‚ุฏ ุฃุฎุชูŠุฑ
05:28
the number one artist influence at the time.
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ุงู„ูู†ุงู† ุฑู‚ู… ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ุงูƒุซุฑ ุชุฃุซูŠุฑุง ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช
05:33
I had also had the privilege since the last 37 years
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ูˆู‚ุฏ ูƒุงู† ู„ูŠ ุฃูŠุถุง ุดุฑู ู…ู†ุฐ ุงู„ุณู†ูˆุงุช ุงู„ 37 ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ
05:36
to work on several masterpieces as you can see behind me,
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ู„ู„ุนู…ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุนุฏุฉ ุฑูˆุงุฆุน ูƒู…ุง ุชุฑูˆู† ูˆุฑุงุฆูŠ
05:40
but basically to do what? Well, to assess, for example,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุฃุณุงุณุง ู„ูุนู„ ู…ุงุŸ ุญุณู†ุงุŒ ู„ุชู‚ูŠูŠู…ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„
05:43
the state of conservation. See here the face of the
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ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุญูุธ. ู†ุฑู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุฌู‡
05:45
Madonna of the Chair that when just shining a UV light on it
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"ู…ุงุฏูˆู†ุง ุฏูŠู„ุง ุณูŠุฏูŠุง" ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู†ุณู„ูŠุท ุงู„ุฃุดุนุฉ ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุจู†ูุณุฌูŠุฉ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง
05:50
you suddenly see another, different lady,
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ุชุฑู‰ ูุฌุฃุฉ ุณูŠุฏุฉ ุขุฎุฑูŠ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
05:53
aged lady, I should rather say.
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ุณูŠุฏุฉ ู…ุณู†ุฉุŒ ุฃูˆุฏ ุงู„ู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุญุฏ ู…ุง
05:55
There is a lot of varnish still sitting there, several retouches,
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ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุฑู†ูŠุด ู„ุง ูŠุฒุงู„ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุง ุŒ ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ู…ุณุงุช
05:59
and some over cleaning. It becomes very visible.
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ูˆ ุจุนุถ ุชู†ุธูŠูู‡ุง, ุชุจุฏูˆ ุธุงู‡ุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุนูŠุงู†
06:02
But also, technology has helped to write new pages
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุฃูŠุถุงุŒ ุณุงุนุฏุช ุงู„ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ู„ูƒุชุงุจุฉ ุตูุญุงุช ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุชุงุฑูŠุฎู†ุง
06:05
of our history, or at least to update pages of our histories.
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ุฃูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู‚ู„ ู„ุชุญุฏูŠุซ ุตูุญุงุช ู…ู† ุชุงุฑูŠุฎู†ุง
06:08
For example, the "Lady with the Unicorn,"
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ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ุŒ "ุณูŠุฏุฉ ู…ุน ุขุญุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุฑู†"
06:10
another painting by Rafael, well, you see the unicorn.
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ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุงุฎุฑู‰ ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ุฑุงูุงุฆูŠู„ุŒ ุญุณู†ุงุŒ ุฃู†ุช ุชุฑู‰ ุขุญุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุฑู†
06:13
A lot has been said and written about the unicorn, but
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ู‚ูŠู„ ูˆูƒูุชุจ ุงู„ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุนู† ุขุญุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุฑู†ุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู†
06:15
if you take an X-ray of the unicorn, it becomes a puppy dog.
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ุฅุฐุง ุงุฎุฐุช ุตูˆุฑุจุงู„ุงุดุนุฉ ุงู„ุณูŠู†ูŠุฉ ู„ุขุญุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุฑู†ุŒ ูŠูุตุจุญ ุฌุฑูˆุงู‹
06:19
And โ€” (Laughter) โ€” no problem, but, unfortunately,
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ูˆ ู„ุงุชูˆุฌุฏ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
ูˆู„ูƒู†ุŒ ู„ู„ุฃุณู
06:23
continuing with the scientific examination of this painting
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ุฅู„ุงุณุชู…ุฑุงุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ูุญุต ุงู„ุนู„ู…ูŠ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ
06:26
came out that Rafael did not paint the unicorn,
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ุฃุธู‡ุฑุช ุฃู† ุฑุงูุงุฆูŠู„ ู„ู… ูŠุฑุณู… ุขุญุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุฑู†
06:29
did not paint the puppy dog, actually left the painting
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ู„ู… ูŠุฑุณู… ุงู„ุฌุฑูˆุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ูˆ ุชุฑูƒุช ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุบูŠุฑ ู…ู†ุชู‡ูŠุฉ
06:32
unfinished, so all this writing about the exotic symbol
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒุชุงุจุงุช ุนู†
ุงู„ุฑู…ูˆุฒ ุงู„ุบุฑูŠุจุฉ
06:37
of the unicorn โ€” (Laughter) โ€” unfortunately,
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ู„ุขุญุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุฑู† , ู„ุณูˆุก ุงู„ุญุธ
06:39
is not very reliable. (Laughter)
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ู„ูŠุณุช ุฌุฏูŠุฑุฉ ุจุงู„ุซู‚ุฉ
06:43
Well, also, authenticity. Just think for a moment
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ุญุณู†ุงุŒ ุฃูŠุถุงุŒ ุฃู„ุงุตุงู„ุฉ. ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ุงู„ุชููƒูŠุฑ ู„ู„ุญุธุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ
06:45
if science really could move in the field of authenticity
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ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุนู„ู… ุญู‚ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠุชุฏุฎู„ ููŠ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุฃุตุงู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฃุนู…ุงู„ ุงู„ูู†ูŠุฉ
06:49
of works of art. There would be a cultural revolution
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ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุซูˆุฑุฉ ุซู‚ุงููŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู‚ู„ ุชู‚ุฏูŠุฑ
06:53
to say the least, but also, I would say, a market revolution,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุฃูŠุถุงุŒุฃูˆุฏ ุฃู† ุฃู‚ูˆู„ุŒ ุซูˆุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณูˆุงู‚ ุงุณู…ุญูˆุง ู„ูŠ ุฃู† ุฃุถูŠู
06:56
let me add. Take this example:
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ุฎุฐ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„:
06:58
Otto Marseus, nice painting, which is "Still Life"
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ุฃูˆุชูˆ ู…ุงุฑุณูŠูˆุณุŒ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ู„ุทูŠูุฉ
ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุฏุนูŠ "ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ ุงู„ุณุงูƒู†ุฉ" ููŠ ู…ุนุฑุถ ุจููŠุชูŠ
07:02
at the Pitti Gallery, and just have an infrared camera peering through,
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ูˆู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุฌุนู„ ูƒุงู…ูŠุฑุง ุงู„ุฃุดุนุฉ ุชุญุช ุงู„ุญู…ุฑุงุก ุชู…ุฑ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง
07:06
and luckily for art historians, it just was confirmed
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ูˆู…ู† ุญุณู† ุงู„ุญุธ ู„ู…ุคุฑุฎูŠ ุงู„ูู†ุŒ ูุฅู†ู‡ ุชู… ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ
07:10
that there is a signature of Otto Marseus. It even says
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ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู„ุชูˆู‚ูŠุน ุฃูˆุชูˆ ู…ุงุฑุณูŠูˆุณ
07:12
when it was made and also the location.
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ุญุชู‰ ุฃูู†ู‡ ูŠุฐูƒุฑ ู…ุชูŠ ุตูู†ุนุช ูˆ ุฃูŠุถุงู‹ ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน
07:15
So that was a good result. Sometimes, it's not that good,
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ูƒุงู†ุช ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุฌูŠุฏู‡
ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู†ุŒ ู„ุงุชุจุฏูˆ ุฌูŠุฏู‡
07:20
and so, again, authenticity and science could go together
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ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุงุŒ ู…ุฌุฏุฏุงู‹ ุงู„ุฃุตุงู„ุฉ ูˆุงู„ุนู„ู… ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠุชุญุฏุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถู‡ู…ุง
07:25
and change the way, not attributions being made,
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ูˆูŠุบูŠุฑุงู† ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ,ู„ูŠุณ ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ู…ุจุชุฐู„ุฉ
07:29
but at least lay the ground for a more objective,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู‚ู„ ุชู…ู‡ูŠุฏ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุจู†ู‡ุฌ ู…ูˆุถูˆุนูŠ ุฃูƒุซุฑ
07:33
or, I should rather say, less subjective attribution,
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ุฃูˆุŒ ุจุฃู„ุงุญุฑูŠ ุŒ ุจุฅุณุงู†ุฏ ู…ูˆุถูˆุนูŠ ุฃู‚ู„
07:37
as it is done today.
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ูƒู…ุง ูŠุชู… ูุนู„ู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
07:40
But I would say the discovery that really caught
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุฃูˆุฏ ุฃู† ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู† ุงู„ุงูƒุชุดุงู ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุฅุดุชุนู„ ุญู‚ุงู‹ ู…ุฎูŠู„ุงุชูŠ , ุชุนุฌุจุงุชูŠ
07:43
my imagination, my admiration, is the incredibly vivid
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ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฑุณูˆู…ุงุช ุงู„ุญูŠุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ู„ุงูŠุตุฏู‚ ุชุญุช ู‡ุฐุฉ ุงู„ุทุจู‚ุฉ
07:47
drawing under this layer, brown layer,
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ุงู„ุทุจู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุจู†ูŠุฉ
07:51
of "The Adoration of the Magi." Here you see
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ู…ู† "ุงู„ุนุดู‚ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฌูˆุณ"
07:54
a handmade setting XYZ scanner with an infrared camera put on it,
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ู‡ู†ุง ู†ุดุงู‡ุฏ
ูˆุถุน ุงู„ุฅุนุฏุงุฏ ู„ู€ XYZ ุงู„ู…ุงุณุญ ุงู„ุถูˆุฆูŠ ู…ุน ูƒุงู…ูŠุฑุง ุงู„ุฃุดุนุฉ ุชุญุช ุงู„ุญู…ุฑุงุก ู…ูˆุถูˆุนู‡ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง
07:58
and just peering through this brown layer
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ูˆูู‚ุท ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠู‚ ุฎู„ุงู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุจู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุจู†ูŠุฉ
08:02
of this masterpiece to reveal
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ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชุญูุฉ
ู„ู†ูƒุดู ู…ุงูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุชุญุชู‡ุง
08:04
what could have been underneath.
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08:07
Well, this happens to be the most important painting
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ุญุณู†ุงุŒูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ู„ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุงู„ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉ
08:09
we have in Italy by Leonardo da Vinci, and
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ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ููŠ ุฅูŠุทุงู„ูŠุง ู„ูŠูˆู†ุงุฑุฏูˆ ุฏุง ููŠู†ุดูŠ
08:12
look at the wonderful images of faces that nobody has seen
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ูˆ ุฃู†ุธุฑุฉ ุงู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฑุงุฆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุฌูˆู‡
ุงู„ุชูŠ ู„ู… ูŠุฑู‡ุง ุฃุญุฏ ู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู‚ุฑูˆู†
08:17
for five centuries. Look at these portraits.
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ุฃูู†ุธุฑ ู„ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุงุช
08:21
They're magnificent. You see Leonardo at work.
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ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุฑุงุฆุนุฉ. ุชุฑู‰ ู„ูŠูˆู†ุงุฑุฏูˆ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ู‡
08:23
You see the geniality of his creation, right directly
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ุชุฑู‰ ุงู„ุนุจู‚ุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฅุจุชูƒุฑู‡ุง
ูˆูŠู†ุนูƒุณ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฑุณู… ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุทุจู‚ุฉ
08:27
on the ground layer of the panel, and see
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ู‡ุฐุง ุดุฆ ุฑุงุฆุนุŒุฅูŠุฌุงุฏ- ุฃูˆ ุจุงู„ุฃุญุฑูŠ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ุฃู‚ูˆู„
08:30
this cool thing, finding, I should rather say,
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08:36
an elephant. (Laughter) Because of this elephant,
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ููŠู„. ูˆุจุณุจุจ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ููŠู„
08:39
over 70 new images came out, never seen for centuries.
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ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 70 ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุธู‡ุฑุช ุŒ ู„ู… ูŠุฑู‰ ู„ู‡ุง ู…ุซูŠู„ ู…ู†ุฐ ู‚ุฑูˆู†
08:43
This was an epiphany. We came to understand
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ูˆูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงุจูŠูุงู†ูŠุง (ุฃูˆ ุนูŠุฏุงู„ุบุทุงุณ)
ูˆุตู„ู†ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅุนุชู‚ุงุฏ ูˆุฅู„ู‰ ุฅุซุจุงุช ุฃู† ุงู„ุทู„ุงุก ุงู„ุจู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู†ุฑุงู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
08:46
and to prove that the brown coating that we see today
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08:50
was not done by Leonardo da Vinci, which left us
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ู„ู… ูŠุชู… ุนู…ู„ู‡ ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู„ูŠูˆู†ุงุฑุฏูˆ ุฏุง ููŠู†ุดูŠ
08:52
only the other drawing that for five centuries
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ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุชุฑูƒ ู„ู†ุง ูู‚ุท ุงู„ุฑุณู…ูˆู…ุงุช ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู„ู‡ุง ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู‚ุฑูˆู†
08:55
we were not able to see, so thanks only to technology.
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ู„ู… ู†ูƒู† ู‚ุงุฏุฑูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฑุคูŠุชู‡ุงุŒ ูู„ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒุฑ ู„ู„ุชูƒู†ูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ูˆุญุฏู‡ุง
09:00
Well, the tablet. Well, we thought, well, if we all have
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ูˆูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุฌู‡ุงุฒูŠ
. ุญุณู†ุงุŒ ูƒู†ุง ู†ุธู†ุŒ ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุฃู„ุงุณุจู‚ูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ู…ุชุนุฉ
09:05
this pleasure, this privilege to see all this,
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ุงู„ุฃู…ุชูŠุงุฒ ู„ุฑุคูŠุฉ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง
09:07
to find all these discoveries, what about for everybody else?
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ู„ู†ุฌุฏ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุงูƒุชุดุงูุงุชุŒ ู…ุงุฐุง ุนู† ุจู‚ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุŸ
09:11
So we thought of an augmented reality application
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ููƒุฑู†ุง ููŠ ุชุทุจูŠู‚ ูˆุงู‚ุนูŠ ู…ุฏู…ุฌ
09:14
using a tablet. Let me show you just simulating
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ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ูƒู…ุจูŠูˆุชุฑ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญูŠ. ุงุณู…ุญูˆุง ู„ูŠ ุฃู† ุฃุนุฑุถ ู„ูƒู… ู…ุญุงูƒุงุฉ
09:18
what we could be doing, any of us could be doing,
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ู…ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠู‚ูˆู… ุจู‡ ุฃูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ุง ุจุฐู„ูƒ
09:22
in a museum environment.
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ููŠ ุฃุฌูˆุงุก ุงู„ู…ุชุญู
09:24
So let's say that we go to a museum with a tablet, okay?
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ุญุณู†ุง ู„ู†ู‚ู„ ุฃู†ู†ุง ุฐู‡ุจู†ุง ุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุชุญู ุจูƒู…ุจูŠูˆุชุฑ ู„ูˆุญูŠ , ุญุณู†ุงู‹
09:28
And we just aim the camera of the tablet
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ูˆู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจุชูˆุฌูŠู‡ ุงู„ูƒุงู…ูŠุฑุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒู…ุจูŠูˆุชุฑ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญูŠ
09:32
to the painting that we are interested to see, like this.
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ุนู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุญู† ู…ู‡ุชู…ูˆู† ู„ุฑุคูŠุชู‡ุง . ูƒู‡ุฐู‡
09:38
Okay? And I will just click on it, we pause,
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ุญุณู†ุง , ูˆุณูˆู ู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง , ุซู… ู†ุชูˆู‚ู
ูˆุงู„ุขู† ุงุณู…ุญูˆุง ู„ูŠ ุฃู† ุฃู„ุชู ุฅู„ูŠูƒู… . ูุฅุฐู† ุงู„ู„ุญุธุฉ , ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ
09:44
and now let me turn to you so the moment the image,
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09:48
or, I should say, the camera, has locked in the painting,
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ุฃูˆ ูŠู†ุจุบูŠ ุฃู† ุฃู‚ูˆู„, ุงู„ูƒุงู…ูŠุฑุง ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุญุฌุฒ ุงู„ุฑุณู…
09:51
then the images you just saw up there in the drawing
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ุซู… ุงู„ุตูˆุฑ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุดุงู‡ุฏู†ู‡ุง ู„ู„ุชูˆ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุณู…
09:54
are being loaded. And so, see.
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ูŠุชู… ุชุญู…ูŠู„ู‡ุง. ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุงุŒ ู†ุฑู‰
09:57
We can, as we said, we can zoom in. Then we can scroll.
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ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุงุŒ ูƒู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ุชูƒุจูŠุฑ. ุซู… ุฃู†ู†ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ, ุญุณู†ุง
10:01
Okay? Let's go and find the elephant.
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ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ุฐู‡ุจ ู„ู„ุนุซูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ููŠู„
10:06
So all we need is one finger. Just wipe off
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ู„ุฐุง ูƒู„ ู…ุง ู†ุญุชุงุฌ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุฅุตุจุน ูˆุงุญุฏ
10:09
and we see the elephant. (Applause)
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ูู‚ุท ู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจุงู„ู…ุญูŠ ูˆู†ุญู† ู†ุฑู‰ ุงู„ููŠู„
ุชุตููŠู‚
10:14
(Applause)
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10:18
Okay? And then if we want,
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ุญุณู†ุง ุฅุฐุง ุฃุฑูุฏู†ุง
10:20
we can continue the scroll to find out, for example,
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ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ุณุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ู„ู…ุนุฑูุฉุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู„ุณูู„ู…
10:23
on the staircase, the whole iconography is going
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ูƒู„ ุงู„ุฃูŠู‚ูˆู†ุงุช ุณูˆู ุชุชุบูŠุฑ
10:27
to be changed. There are a lot of laymen reconstructing
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ูŠูˆุฌุฏ ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ูŠุนูŠุฏูˆู† ุงู„ุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ูŠ ุฃู†ู‚ุงุถ ุงู„ู…ุนุจุฏ ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠู… ู…ุนุจุฏ ุฌุฏูŠุฏ
10:29
from the ruins of an old temple a new temple,
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10:32
and there are a lot of figures showing up. See?
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ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุฎุตูŠุงุช ุชุธู‡ุฑ. ุชุฑู‰ุŸ
10:36
This is not just a curiosity, because it changes
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ู‡ุฐุง ู„ูŠุณุช ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ูุถูˆู„ุŒ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุบูŠุฑ
10:39
not just the iconography as you see it, but the iconology,
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ู„ูŠุณ ูู‚ุท ุงู„ุงูŠู‚ูˆู†ุงุช ูƒู…ุง ุชุฑุงู‰ุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† ุนู„ู… ุงู„ุฑู…ูˆุฒ (ุงู„ุขูŠู‚ูˆู†ุงุช)
10:42
the meaning of the painting,
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ุงู„ู…ุนู†ูŠ ู„ู„ุฑุณูˆู…ุงุช
10:44
and we believe this is a cool way, easy way,
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ูˆู†ุญู† ู†ุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุณูŠู„ุฉ ุฑุงุฆุนู‡ ุŒ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุณู‡ู„ุฉุŒ
10:47
that everybody could have access to, to become more
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ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู„ุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ูˆู„ูˆุฌ ุฅุงู„ูŠู‡ุง
10:50
the protagonist of your own discovery, and not just
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ู„ุชุตู†ุน ุจุทู„ ุฑูˆุงูŠุชูƒ ุงู„ุฎุงุตู‡ ุนุจุฑ ุฃูƒุชุดุงูุงุชูƒ
ูˆู„ูŠุณ ูู‚ุท ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุณู„ุจูŠ ุญูŠุงู„ ุฐู„ูƒ
10:54
be so passive about it, as we are when we walk through
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชุณูŠุฑ ุนุจุฑ ุงู„ุบุฑู ุงู„ุชูŠ ู„ุง ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู„ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุชุงุญู
10:57
endless rooms of museums.
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11:01
(Applause)
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ุชุตููŠู‚
11:06
Another concept is the digital clinical chart, which sounds
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ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ุขุฎุฑ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฑุณู… ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุฑูŠ ุงู„ุฑู‚ู…ูŠ
11:10
very obvious if we were to talk about real patients,
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ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุจุฏูˆ ูˆุงุถุญ ุฌุฏุง ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุง ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠูŠู†
11:13
but when we talk about works of art, unfortunately,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ุงู„ุฃุนู…ุงู„ ุงู„ูู†ูŠุฉุŒ ู„ู„ุฃุณู
11:15
it's never been tapped as an idea.
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ู„ู… ูŠุชู… ุฅุณุชุบู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ููƒุฑุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู†ุฉ
11:17
Well, we believe, again, that this should be the beginning,
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ุญุณู†ุงุŒู†ุญู† ู†ุนุชู‚ุฏ ู…ุฌุฏุฏุงู‹ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ
11:20
the very first step, to do real conservation,
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ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ูŠุฉ ู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุญูุธ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ
11:22
and allowing us to really explore and to understand
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ูˆุชุณู…ุญ ู„ู†ุง ุจุฅุณุชูƒุดุงู ูˆูู‡ู…
11:26
everything related to the state of our conservation,
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ูƒู„ ู…ุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ุญูุธ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง
11:28
the technique, materials, and also if, when, and why
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ุงู„ุชู‚ู†ูŠุงุช ูˆุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏุŒ ูˆุฃูŠุถุง ุฅุฐุงุŒ ู…ุชู‰ุŸ ูˆู„ู…ุงุŸ
11:32
we should restore, or, rather, to intervene on
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ูŠุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงุณุชุนุงุฏุฉุŒ ุฃูˆุŒ ุจุฏู„ุง ู…ู† ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ู„ู„ุชุฏุฎู„ ููŠ
11:36
the environment surrounding the painting.
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ุงู„ุจูŠุฆุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุทุฉ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ
11:40
Well, our vision is to rediscover
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ุญุณู†ุงุŒ ูˆุชุชู…ุซู„ ุฑุคูŠุชู†ุง ู„ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุงูƒุชุดุงู
11:43
the spirit of the Renaissance, create a new discipline
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ุฑูˆุญ ุนุตุฑ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุถุฉุŒ ูˆุฎู„ู‚ ุงู„ุงู†ุถุจุงุท ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏ
11:46
where engineering for cultural heritage is actually
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ุญูŠุซ ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏุณูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุชุฑุงุซ ุงู„ุซู‚ุงููŠ ู‡ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน
11:49
a symbol of blending art and science together.
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ุฑู…ุฒุง ู„ู…ุฒุฌ ุงู„ูู† ูˆุงู„ุนู„ู… ู…ุนุง
11:52
We definitely need a new breed of engineers
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ูˆู†ุญู† ุจุงู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฌูŠู„ ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู‡ู†ุฏุณูŠู†
11:54
that will go out and do this kind of work and
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ู…ู† ุดุฃู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ุฎุฑูˆุฌ ูˆุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ูˆ
11:57
rediscover for us these values, these cultural values
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ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุงูƒุชุดุงู ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู†ุง , ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ูŠู… ุงู„ุซู‚ุงููŠุฉ
12:01
that we badly need, especially today.
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ุฃู†ู†ุง ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู…ุงุณุฉุŒ ูˆุฎุงุตุฉ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
12:04
And if you want to summarize in one just single word,
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ูˆุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุช ุชุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ุชู„ุฎุตู‡ ููŠ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ
12:08
well, this is what we're trying to do.
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ุญุณู†ุงุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ู…ุง ู†ุญุงูˆู„ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡
12:11
We're trying to give a future to our past
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ู†ุญุงูˆู„ ุฅุนุทุงุก ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ ู„ู…ุงุถูŠู†ุง
ู…ู† ุฃุฌู„ ุงู„ุญุตูˆู„ ุนู„ูŠ ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„
12:13
in order to have a future.
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12:15
As long as we live a life of curiosity and passion,
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ุทุงู„ู…ุง ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ุนูŠุด ุญูŠุงุฉ ุงู„ูุถูˆู„ ูˆุงู„ุนุงุทูุฉ
12:18
there is a bit of Leonardo in all of us. Thank you. (Applause)
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ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุงู‹ ู…ู† ู„ูŠูˆู†ุงุฑุฏูˆ ููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ู†ุง ุดูƒุฑุง ู„ูƒ
ุชุตูู‚ูŠู‚
12:23
(Applause)
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ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7