Anastasia Taylor-Lind: Fighters and mourners of the Ukrainian revolution

譯者: Adrienne Lin 審譯者: Marssi Draw

When I arrived in Kiev,

我在今年二月一日抵達基輔時，

on February 1 this year,

Independence Square was under siege,

獨立廣場被佔領，

surrounded by police loyal to the government.

由對政府效忠的警察包圍。

The protesters who occupied Maidan,

佔領獨立廣場的抗議者

as the square is known,

prepared for battle,

都已備戰，

stockpiling homemade weapons

儲備自製武器

and mass-producing improvised body armor.

和大量臨時製造的盔甲。

The Euromaidan protests began peacefully at the end of 2013,

烏克蘭親歐盟示威 在 2013 年底和平展開，

after the president of Ukraine, Viktor Yanukovych,

就在烏克蘭總統 維克多‧亞努科維奇

rejected a far-reaching accord with the European Union

拒絕與歐盟簽署影響極大的協議，

in favor of stronger ties with Russia.

以強化和俄羅斯的關係之後。

In response, tens of thousands of dissatisfied citizens

為了回應這項做法，上萬名不滿的民眾

poured into central Kiev to demonstrate against this allegiance.

湧進基輔市中心表達抗議。

As the months passed,

經過幾個月，

confrontations between police and civilians intensified.

警民的對峙加深。

I set up a makeshift portrait studio by the barricades on Hrushevsky Street.

我臨時在赫雪司基街的 護欄邊搭了攝影棚，

There, I photographed the fighters against a black curtain,

以黑簾為背景拍攝示威者，

a curtain that obscured the highly seductive and visual backdrop

黑簾遮蔽了視覺性強 且引人注意的背景：

of fire, ice and smoke.

槍火、白雪與黑煙。

In order to tell the individual human stories here,

為了述說每個人的故事，

I felt that I needed to remove the dramatic visuals

我覺得有必要移除 這些引人注目的背景，

that had become so familiar and repetitive within the mainstream media.

那些在主流媒體裡不停重覆 人們熟悉的景象。

What I was witnessing was not only news, but also history.

我所目睹的不只是新聞，還有歷史。

With this realization,

有了這項體認，

I was free from the photojournalistic conventions

我便不受傳統攝影新聞拘束，

of the newspaper and the magazine.

有別於其他報紙雜誌。

Oleg, Vasiliy and Maxim were all ordinary men,

歐雷格、瓦西里和邁可森都是平凡人，

with ordinary lives from ordinary towns.

住在平凡的小鎮過著平凡的生活。

But the elaborate costumes that they had bedecked themselves in

但他們穿上的精緻服裝

were quite extraordinary.

非常特別。

I say the word "costume"

我用服裝這個詞

because these were not clothes that had been issued

是因為這些衣服並不是 有人負責協調或統一發放的，

or coordinated by anyone.

They were improvised uniforms

而是臨時的制服，

made up of decommissioned military equipment,

用退役的軍用裝備改製，

irregular combat fatigues and trophies taken from the police.

配上淘汰的軍備

跟向警方取得的戰利品。

I became interested in the way they were choosing to represent themselves,

我對於他們選擇 呈現的樣子很感興趣，

this outward expression of masculinity,

他們這種非常具男子氣概的表現

the ideal of the warrior.

就是戰士的樣子。

I worked slowly, using an analog film camera

我慢慢地用底片相機拍攝，

with a manual focusing loop and a handheld light meter.

用手動對焦與手持式曝光錶。

The process is old-fashioned.

這種拍攝方式過時了，

It gives me time to speak with each person

但讓我有時間跟每個人對話，

and to look at them, in silence, while they look back at me.

在他們回望我的同時， 安靜地與他們對看。

Rising tensions culminated in the worst day of violence

雙方對峙的緊張情勢

在充滿暴力的二月二十日這天爆發，

on February 20,

which became known as Bloody Thursday.

也是後來為人所知的血腥星期四。

Snipers, loyal to the government,

效忠政府的狙擊手

started firing on the civilians and protesters on Institutskaya Street.

開始在學院街上對著平民和抗議者開槍，

Many were killed in a very short space of time.

短時間內造成很多人死亡。

The reception of the Hotel Ukraine became a makeshift morgue.

烏克蘭飯店的大廳變成臨時停屍間。

There were lines of bodies laid in the street.

街上滿是一排排屍體；

And there was blood all over the pavements.

行道上充滿斑斑血跡。

The following day, President Yanukovych fled Ukraine.

隔天，亞努科維奇總統逃離烏克蘭。

In all, three months of protests

簡言之，三個月的抗爭

resulted in more than 120 confirmed dead

導致超過 120 人死亡，

and many more missing.

許多人失蹤。

History unfolded quickly,

事件很快就結束，

but celebration remained elusive in Maidan.

但獨立廣場上絲毫不見欣喜之情。

As the days passed in Kiev's central square,

隨著日子過去，

基輔的中央廣場除了武裝鬥士，

streams of armed fighters

were joined by tens of thousands of ordinary people,

更有成千上萬名平民參與，

filling the streets in an act of collective mourning.

湧上街頭集體哀悼逝者。

Many were women who often carried flowers

很多女性帶著鮮花

that they had brought to lay as marks of respect for the dead.

放在地上向逝者致敬。

They came day after day

他們每天上街頭，

and they covered the square with millions of flowers.

在廣場內擺滿了上百萬朵花。

Sadness enveloped Maidan.

廣場被悲傷掩沒，

It was quiet and I could hear the birds singing.

安靜到我能聽見鳥鳴，

I hadn't heard that before.

這是前所未有的景象。

I stopped women as they approached the barricades

我叫住那些走到柵欄前

to lay their tributes

要向逝者致意的人，

and asked to make their picture.

問她們是否願意讓我拍照。

Most women cried when I photographed them.

我拍照時，很多女性都哭了。

On the first day, my fixer, Emine, and I cried

第一天，我和助理艾密內

with almost every woman who visited our studio.

都跟每位來拍照的女人一起哭。

There had been such a noticeable absence of women

女性顯然缺席了許久，

up until that point.

直到這一刻才現身。

And the color of their pastel coats,

她們淺色的大衣、

their shiny handbags,

鮮艷的手提包，

and the bunches of red carnations,

手上一束束的紅色康乃馨、

white tulips and yellow roses that they carried

白色鬱金香與黃色玫瑰花

jarred with the blackened square

和滿是黑色的廣場

and the blackened men who were encamped there.

以及被困在此的陰鬱男子 顯得格格不入。

It is clear to me that these two sets of pictures

我很清楚這兩組照片

don't make much sense without the other.

單獨看來不太合理。

They are about men and women and the way we are --

照片上的是男人與女人本身的體現，

not the way we look, but the way we are.

不是外表，而是本質。

They speak about different gender roles in conflict,

照片述說著不同性別在衝突中的角色，

not only in Maidan, and not only in Ukraine.

不只在獨立廣場，不只在烏克蘭而已。

Men fight most wars and women mourn them.

男人披掛上陣；女人獻花哀悼。

If the men showed the ideal of the warrior,

如果說男人展現了勇士的樣貌，

then the women showed the implications of such violence.

那女人正是這種暴力的體現。

When I made these pictures,

拍攝這些照片時，

I believed that I was documenting the end of violent events in Ukraine.

我相信我在記錄 烏克蘭暴力事件的結束。

But now I understand that it is a record of the beginning.

但現在我相信這是記錄一種開始。

Today, the death toll stands around 3,000,

今天，死亡人數達到約三千人，

while hundreds of thousands have been displaced.

還有數十萬人流離失所。

I was in Ukraine again six weeks ago.

我六週前又回到烏克蘭。

In Maidan, the barricades have been dismantled,

獨立廣場的護欄已經拆卸完畢，

and the paving stones which were used as weapons during the protests replaced,

抗議時用來當武器的 鋪路石也都不見了，

so that traffic flows freely through the center of the square.

所以現在廣場的交通又恢復正常。

The fighters, the women and the flowers are gone.

抗議者、女人和鮮花都不見了。

A huge billboard depicting geese flying over a wheat field

一片巨大廣告牆上畫的是 一隻鵝飛過麥田，

covers the burned-out shell of the trade union's building

遮蓋了工會大樓外牆的斑駁痕跡，

and proclaims,

上頭寫著：

"Glory to Ukraine.

「烏克蘭萬歲；

Glory to heroes."

英雄萬歲。」

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause).

（掌聲）