Hunting for Peru's lost civilizations -- with satellites | Sarah Parcak

譯者: Yolanda Wei 審譯者: Juo-Han Michelle Kuo

In July of 1911,

在 1911 年的七月，

一個 35 歲的耶魯校友及教授 和他的團隊一起

a 35-year-old Yale graduate and professor set out from his rainforest camp

從他的熱帶雨林營地出發。

with his team.

他在爬過一座陡峭的山

After climbing a steep hill

and wiping the sweat from his brow,

擦掉額頭上的汗水之後，

he described what he saw beneath him.

這樣形容所看到的腳下的景象：

他看到在茂密的熱帶雨林樹葉之間

He saw rising from the dense rainforest foliage

this incredible interlocking maze of structures

有一個驚人的互相緊鎖的迷宮，

built of granite,

它是由花崗岩

完美地組合在一起而建成的。

beautifully put together.

What's amazing about this project

這個項目驚人之處在於

它最初由國家地理贊助，

is that it was the first funded by National Geographic,

並且在 1912 年登上雜誌封面。

and it graced the front cover of its magazine in 1912.

This professor used state-of-the-art photography equipment

這個教授用最先進的攝影技巧

to record the site,

去拍攝這個遺址，

forever changing the face of exploration.

從此改變了勘察的方式。

這個遺址是馬丘比丘古城，

The site was Machu Picchu,

discovered and explored by Hiram Bingham.

它是由海勒姆賓厄姆發現並勘察。

When he saw the site, he asked,

當他看到遺址的時候，他問，

"This is an impossible dream.

“這是一個難以置信的夢。

What could it be?"

怎麼可能是真的呢？”

So today,

那麼今天，

100 years later,

100 年之後，

I invite you all on an incredible journey with me,

我邀請你們和我這一個 37 歲的耶魯校友以及教授，

a 37-year-old Yale graduate and professor.

開始一段難以置信的旅程。

(Cheers)

（歡呼）

We will do nothing less than use state-of-the-art technology

我們除了最先進的技術， 不會使用任何別的東西

去繪製整個國家的地圖。

to map an entire country.

This is a dream started by Hiram Bingham,

這是由海勒姆賓厄姆開始的夢想，

but we are expanding it to the world,

但我們將把它擴展到全世界，

讓考古學勘察發展得 更開放、更廣闊，

making archaeological exploration more open, inclusive,

and at a scale simply not previously possible.

到達一個 過去完全不可能的規模。

This is why I am so excited

這就是為什麼我在今天

這麼激動地和你們分享：

to share with you all today

我們將在拉丁美洲

that we will begin the 2016 TED Prize platform

in Latin America,

更確切地說是在祕魯，

more specifically Peru.

開始 2016 TED 大獎平台。

（掌聲）

(Applause)

Thank you.

謝謝。

We will be taking Hiram Bingham's impossible dream

我們將帶著海勒姆賓厄姆 不可能的夢想

and turning it into an amazing future

把它變成令人驚奇的未來

that we can all share in together.

讓我們可以一起分享。

So Peru doesn't just have Machu Picchu.

祕魯不僅有馬丘比丘古城。

It has absolutely stunning jewelry,

正如你們在這裡看到的，

like what you can see here.

它還有絕對令人驚嘆的珠寶。

It has amazing Moche pottery of human figures.

它有令人驚奇的來自莫切文明的 人像陶瓷。

It has the Nazca Lines

它有納斯卡線

and amazing textiles.

和美妙的紡織品。

So as part of the TED Prize platform,

作為 TED 大獎平台的一部分，

we are going to partnering with some incredible organizations,

我們將和一些不可思議的組織合作，

first of all with DigitalGlobe, the world's largest provider

首先是數字地球公司，

of high-resolution commercial satellite imagery.

它是全球最大的高分辨率 商業衛星圖像提供者。

They're going to be helping us build out

他們將要幫助我們打造

this amazing crowdsourcing platform they have.

一個令人驚奇的群眾外包平台。

也許你們中的一些人曾經用它

Maybe some of you used it

with the MH370 crash and search for the airplane.

調查 MH370 事件以及 搜尋這飛機。

Of course, they'll also be providing us with the satellite imagery.

當然，他們也會為我們提供衛星圖像。

National Geographic will be helping us with education and of course exploration.

國家地理雜誌將幫助我們培訓和勘察。

As well, they'll be providing us with rich content for the platform,

同樣，他們也會為我們提供 平台需要的充足內容，

包括正如你們在這個演講一開始 看到的一些存檔圖像，

including some of the archival imagery like you saw at the beginning of this talk

還有他們的一些紀錄片素材。

and some of their documentary footage.

We've already begun to build and plan the platform,

我們已經開始建立和規劃這個平台，

我太興奮了。

and I'm just so excited.

So here's the cool part.

接下來是很酷的消息。

My team, headed up by Chase Childs,

我的由蔡司蔡爾茲帶領的團隊，

is already beginning to look at some of the satellite imagery.

正開始研究一些衛星圖像。

Of course, what you can see here is 0.3-meter data.

當然，你在這裡能看到的 是 0.3 米長的數據。

This is site called Chan Chan in northern Peru.

這是一個在北祕魯叫做昌昌城的遺址。

It dates to 850 AD.

它可以追溯到公元 850 年，

It's a really amazing city, but let's zoom in.

它真是一個令人驚奇的城市， 但是讓我們放大它。

This is the type and quality of data that you all will get to see.

這是你們以後都能看到的 數據的種類和數量。

You can see individual structures, individual buildings.

你可以看到單獨的結構，單獨的建築。

And we've already begun to find previously unknown sites.

我們已經開始尋找 以前沒有發現的遺址。

What we can say already is that as part of the platform,

我們能說的就是，作為平台的一分子，

you will all help discover thousands of previously unknown sites,

你會幫助我們發現成千的未知遺址，

就像這個，

like this one here,

and this potentially large one here.

還有這個更大的。

Unfortunately, we've also begun to uncover large-scale looting at sites,

不幸的是，我們也已經開始 發現遺址大規模被盜，

like what you see here.

就像你在這裡看到的。

So many sites in Peru are threatened,

祕魯的大量遺址受到威脅，

but the great part is that all of this data

但好消息在於所有數據

is going to be shared with archaeologists on the front lines

都能在保護它們的前線的

of protecting these sites.

考古學家之間被分享。

So I was just in Peru, meeting with their Minister of Culture

我之前在祕魯，和他們的文化部部長

as well as UNESCO.

還有聯合國教科文組織部長見面。

我們將和他們緊密合作。

We'll be collaborating closely with them.

Just so you all know,

只是讓大家知道，

the site is going to be in both English and Spanish,

這個網址將同時使用英文和西班牙文，

which is absolutely essential to make sure

這能顯著地保證

that people in Peru and across Latin America can participate.

祕魯和拉丁美洲的人都能參與。

Our main project coprincipal investigator is the gentleman you see here,

我們項目的主要合作勘察者 是這位先生，

Dr. Luis Jaime Castillo,

路易斯·卡斯蒂略海梅博士，

professor at Catholic University.

他是天主教大學的教授。

As a respected Peruvian archaeologist and former vice-minister,

作為備受尊敬的祕魯考古學家 和前任副部長，

Dr. Castillo will be helping us coordinate and share the data with archaeologists

卡斯蒂略博士將會幫助我們 與考古學家合作以及共享數據，

so they can explore these sites on the ground.

所以他們能夠實地勘察這些。

He also runs this amazing drone mapping program,

他同時也在進行這個驚人的 無人機繪圖程序，

some of the images of which you can see behind me here and here.

你們可以在我身後看到其中一些圖像。

And this data will be incorporated into the platform,

這些數據將被納入這平台，

and also he'll be helping to image some of the new sites you help find.

而且他將會幫助繪製 大家定位的新遺址的圖像。

Our on-the-ground partner

我們在地面工作的夥伴，

who will be helping us with education, outreach,

將會幫助我們教育，推廣，

as well as site preservation components,

以及建立遺址的組成成分的夥伴，

is the Sustainable Preservation Initiative,

是由拉里·科本博士帶領的

led by Dr. Larry Coben.

可持續發展遺址保護計畫。

Some of you may not be aware

你們也許不會注意到

that some of the world's poorest communities

世界上一些最貧窮的社區

coexist with some of the world's most well-known archaeological sites.

和世界上一些最著名的考古遺址共存。

What SPI does

可持續發展遺址保護計畫的工作

是幫助這些社區賦權，

is it helps to empower these communities,

特別是婦女權益，

in particular women,

with new economic approaches and business training.

讓她們學習新的經濟手段 和商業培訓。

它幫助教他們創作精美的手工藝品

So it helps to teach them to create beautiful handicrafts

which are then sold on to tourists.

然後可以賣給遊客。

This empowers the women to treasure their cultural heritage

這讓婦女珍視她們的文化遺產

and take ownership of it.

並且真正擁有它。

I had the opportunity to spend some time with 24 of these women

我有過和 24 個這樣的婦女

at a well-known archaeological site called Pachacamac, just outside Lima.

在利馬城外的著名考古遺址 帕查卡馬克共處的機會。

這些婦女 不可置信地激勵人心，

These women were unbelievably inspiring,

and what's great is that SPI will help us transform communities

更好的是，可持續發展遺址保護計畫 將幫助我們轉變這些

near some of the sites that you help to discover.

你幫助發掘的遺址附近的社區。

Peru is just the beginning.

祕魯只是一切的開端。

We're going to be expanding this platform to the world,

我們將會把這平台拓展到全世界，

but already I've gotten thousands of emails

但我已經收到了成千的電子郵件

from people all across the world -- professors, educators, students,

它們來自世界各地的人—— 教授，教育家，學生

and other archaeologists -- who are so excited to help participate.

還有其他考古學家—— 他們都十分希望能幫助發掘。

事實上，他們已經建議我們 去異乎尋常的地方，

In fact, they're already suggesting amazing places for us to help discover,

including Atlantis.

包括亞特蘭蒂斯。

I don't know if we're going to be looking for Atlantis,

我不知道我們是否會去亞特蘭蒂斯，

but you never know.

但你永遠不知道會發生什麼。

So I'm just so excited to launch this platform.

我只是因為發佈這個平台太過激動。

It's going to be launched formally by the end of the year.

它將在年底前正式發佈。

And I have to say,

我必須說，

if what my team has already discovered in the past few weeks are any indication,

假如我的團隊在過去幾週 發掘的東西只是先兆，

what the world discovers is just going to be beyond imagination.

未來能在整個世界發掘的東西 將超乎各位的想像。

請確保你坐穩你的羊駝了。

Make sure to hold on to your alpacas.

謝謝。

Thank you very much.

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）