Hunting for Peru's lost civilizations -- with satellites | Sarah Parcak

118,140 views ・ 2016-09-08

TED


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

Translator: 潘 可儿 Reviewer: Alan Watson
00:13
In July of 1911,
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1911 年 7 月
00:16
a 35-year-old Yale graduate and professor set out from his rainforest camp
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一個 35 歲嘅耶魯大學畢業生、教授
同佢嘅團隊從雨林中嘅帳篷出發
00:21
with his team.
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翻過一座陡峭嘅山
00:23
After climbing a steep hill
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00:25
and wiping the sweat from his brow,
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拭去眉毛上嘅汗水
00:27
he described what he saw beneath him.
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佢描述咗身下嘅景象
00:31
He saw rising from the dense rainforest foliage
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從茂密嘅熱帶雨林植被之中
00:34
this incredible interlocking maze of structures
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佢睇到由花崗岩建造嘅 不可思議嘅迷宮結構
00:37
built of granite,
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00:39
beautifully put together.
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00:41
What's amazing about this project
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呢個項目奇妙在
佢係國家地理雜誌第一個資助嘅項目
00:43
is that it was the first funded by National Geographic,
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00:46
and it graced the front cover of its magazine in 1912.
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並為 1912 年嘅雜誌封面增添風采
00:50
This professor used state-of-the-art photography equipment
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呢位教授用咗最先進嘅攝影設備 去記錄呢個遺址
00:54
to record the site,
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00:56
forever changing the face of exploration.
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從此改變咗探索
01:00
The site was Machu Picchu,
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遺跡位於馬丘比丘
01:02
discovered and explored by Hiram Bingham.
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由 Hiram Bingham 發現嘅
01:07
When he saw the site, he asked,
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當佢睇到嗰個遺跡,佢問︰
01:09
"This is an impossible dream.
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「呢個係冇可能嘅,點解會搵到嘅呢?」
01:11
What could it be?"
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01:14
So today,
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所以今日
01:16
100 years later,
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一百年之後
01:19
I invite you all on an incredible journey with me,
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我邀請你哋同我
一位 37 歲嘅耶魯畢業生、教授
01:23
a 37-year-old Yale graduate and professor.
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共赴一場奇妙旅程
01:26
(Cheers)
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(歡呼聲)
01:28
We will do nothing less than use state-of-the-art technology
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我哋會用到最先進科技
01:32
to map an entire country.
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描繪成個國家嘅地形
01:35
This is a dream started by Hiram Bingham,
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呢一個夢係由 Hiram Bingham 開始嘅
01:38
but we are expanding it to the world,
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但我哋將個夢延伸到全世界
01:42
making archaeological exploration more open, inclusive,
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令更多地方都可以有考古
01:47
and at a scale simply not previously possible.
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亦令到考古規模更加大
01:51
This is why I am so excited
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呢樣就係點解 今日我會咁興奮同你哋分享
01:54
to share with you all today
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01:56
that we will begin the 2016 TED Prize platform
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我哋將會喺拉丁美洲
02:01
in Latin America,
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具體啲喺秘魯
02:03
more specifically Peru.
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執行 2016 年 TED 大獎嘅計劃
02:07
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
02:08
Thank you.
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多謝
02:13
We will be taking Hiram Bingham's impossible dream
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我哋要將 Hiram Bingham 不可能嘅夢
02:17
and turning it into an amazing future
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變成未來一個 我哋可以共同擔當嘅工作
02:20
that we can all share in together.
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02:23
So Peru doesn't just have Machu Picchu.
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秘魯唔單只有馬丘比丘
02:25
It has absolutely stunning jewelry,
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仲有精緻嘅珠寶
02:28
like what you can see here.
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就好似你喺呢度睇到嘅咁
02:30
It has amazing Moche pottery of human figures.
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有栩栩如生嘅 Moche 陶土人偶
02:34
It has the Nazca Lines
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有納斯卡線條
02:36
and amazing textiles.
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同令人驚歎嘅紡織品
02:38
So as part of the TED Prize platform,
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按著 TED 大獎嘅計劃嚟到做
02:41
we are going to partnering with some incredible organizations,
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我哋打算同一啲組織合作
02:44
first of all with DigitalGlobe, the world's largest provider
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首先同 DigitalGlobe
02:48
of high-resolution commercial satellite imagery.
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世界上最大嘅高分辨率 商用衛星圖像供應商
02:51
They're going to be helping us build out
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佢哋會幫我哋建立
02:53
this amazing crowdsourcing platform they have.
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呢個佢哋有嘅眾包平台
02:56
Maybe some of you used it
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可能你哋當中
02:57
with the MH370 crash and search for the airplane.
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曾經有人都喺 DigitalGlobe 上面 幫手搵 MH370 嘅飛機
03:01
Of course, they'll also be providing us with the satellite imagery.
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當然,佢哋都會提供衛星圖像
國家地理雜誌將會提供 教育同課程開發方面嘅幫助
03:04
National Geographic will be helping us with education and of course exploration.
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03:08
As well, they'll be providing us with rich content for the platform,
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佢哋都會為我哋嘅平台提供豐富資源
03:12
including some of the archival imagery like you saw at the beginning of this talk
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包括你喺演講開始睇到嘅一啲檔案圖像
03:16
and some of their documentary footage.
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同埋一啲佢哋嘅紀錄片片段
03:19
We've already begun to build and plan the platform,
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我哋已經開始咗建立同設計平台
03:22
and I'm just so excited.
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而我依家好興奮
03:24
So here's the cool part.
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跟住落嚟仲勁︰
03:25
My team, headed up by Chase Childs,
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由 Chase Childs 帶領嘅團隊
03:28
is already beginning to look at some of the satellite imagery.
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已經開始查緊一啲衛星圖像
03:31
Of course, what you can see here is 0.3-meter data.
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當然,你依家睇到嘅係 長 0.3 米嘅地面
03:35
This is site called Chan Chan in northern Peru.
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呢個就係秘魯北部 稱為 Chan Chan 嘅遺跡
03:37
It dates to 850 AD.
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可以追溯到公元 850 年
03:39
It's a really amazing city, but let's zoom in.
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呢座城市真係好神奇
等我哋放大嚟睇睇
03:41
This is the type and quality of data that you all will get to see.
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你哋遲啲睇到嘅數據 都係咁嘅類型同埋質素
03:46
You can see individual structures, individual buildings.
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你會睇到單獨建築
03:49
And we've already begun to find previously unknown sites.
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仲有我哋已經開始搵早前未知嘅遺跡
03:52
What we can say already is that as part of the platform,
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我哋可以肯定嘅係,作為平台嘅一份子
03:55
you will all help discover thousands of previously unknown sites,
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你會幫手搵好多之前未知嘅遺跡
03:59
like this one here,
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就好似呢度呢個
04:00
and this potentially large one here.
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同埋呢個潛在大型嘅遺跡
04:02
Unfortunately, we've also begun to uncover large-scale looting at sites,
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不幸嘅係,我哋亦都喺遺跡發現
大規模搶劫嘅痕跡
04:07
like what you see here.
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就好似你哋依家睇到咁樣
04:08
So many sites in Peru are threatened,
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所以秘魯嘅好多遺跡都面臨威脅
04:10
but the great part is that all of this data
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但係令人欣慰嘅係
所有數據都會同前線 保護呢啲遺跡嘅考古學家分享
04:12
is going to be shared with archaeologists on the front lines
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04:15
of protecting these sites.
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04:18
So I was just in Peru, meeting with their Minister of Culture
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冇幾耐之前,我同秘魯嘅文化部長
04:21
as well as UNESCO.
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同埋 UNESCO 會面
04:23
We'll be collaborating closely with them.
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我哋之間將會有密切合作
04:25
Just so you all know,
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就好似你哋所知咁
04:26
the site is going to be in both English and Spanish,
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遺跡嘅工作將會用到英文同西班牙文
04:29
which is absolutely essential to make sure
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確保秘魯同其他拉丁美洲嘅人 都能夠參與
04:31
that people in Peru and across Latin America can participate.
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04:35
Our main project coprincipal investigator is the gentleman you see here,
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我哋嘅聯合首席研究員就係佢︰
04:39
Dr. Luis Jaime Castillo,
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美國天主教大學嘅 Luis Jaime Castillo 教授
04:41
professor at Catholic University.
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04:43
As a respected Peruvian archaeologist and former vice-minister,
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身為備受尊敬嘅秘魯考古學家 同前任文化副部長
04:47
Dr. Castillo will be helping us coordinate and share the data with archaeologists
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Luis Jaime Castillo 將會幫我哋
同考古學家協調分享數據
04:51
so they can explore these sites on the ground.
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令佢哋就可以實地探索遺跡
04:54
He also runs this amazing drone mapping program,
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佢亦都開展緊無人機地圖測繪計劃
04:57
some of the images of which you can see behind me here and here.
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喺我背後睇到你可以見到其中一啲圖像
05:00
And this data will be incorporated into the platform,
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而呢啲數據會被收入平臺之中
05:03
and also he'll be helping to image some of the new sites you help find.
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佢同時會描繪新遺跡,等你可以幫手搵
05:08
Our on-the-ground partner
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我哋嘅實地探索團隊 會幫手做教育、外展
05:10
who will be helping us with education, outreach,
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05:13
as well as site preservation components,
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以及遺跡保護
05:15
is the Sustainable Preservation Initiative,
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個團隊都係屬於
由 Larry Coben 博士帶領嘅 可持續保護行動計劃
05:17
led by Dr. Larry Coben.
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05:19
Some of you may not be aware
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你哋可能唔知啦
05:20
that some of the world's poorest communities
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世界上嘅一啲最貧窮嘅社區
05:22
coexist with some of the world's most well-known archaeological sites.
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其實喺一啲最出名嘅考古遺跡旁邊
05:26
What SPI does
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SPI 嘅工作就係幫助呢啲社區
05:28
is it helps to empower these communities,
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05:30
in particular women,
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特別係當中嘅女性
05:31
with new economic approaches and business training.
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教佢哋新嘅生活方式同訓練佢哋做生意
05:35
So it helps to teach them to create beautiful handicrafts
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等佢哋可以整手工藝賣畀遊客
05:38
which are then sold on to tourists.
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05:40
This empowers the women to treasure their cultural heritage
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咁樣令到當地女性學識珍惜文化遺產
05:44
and take ownership of it.
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同埋對遺產負起主人翁嘅責任
05:46
I had the opportunity to spend some time with 24 of these women
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我有機會同當地 24 名女性
共度一段時間
05:50
at a well-known archaeological site called Pachacamac, just outside Lima.
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就喺利馬以外嘅 著名考古遺跡 Pachacamac
05:55
These women were unbelievably inspiring,
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呢啲女性出乎意料嘅對我有啟發性
05:57
and what's great is that SPI will help us transform communities
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SPI 會幫我哋改造 一啲喺遺跡隔籬嘅社區
06:01
near some of the sites that you help to discover.
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而呢啲遺跡你都會有份發現嘅
06:04
Peru is just the beginning.
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秘魯只係開始
06:06
We're going to be expanding this platform to the world,
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我哋打算將呢個平台推廣到全世界
06:09
but already I've gotten thousands of emails
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但目前我已經收到世界各地幾千封電郵
06:11
from people all across the world -- professors, educators, students,
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嚟自教授、教育工作者、學生
06:15
and other archaeologists -- who are so excited to help participate.
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仲有考古學家
佢哋非常興奮話想要幫手搵
06:19
In fact, they're already suggesting amazing places for us to help discover,
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佢哋甚至提議咗一啲地方去搵
06:23
including Atlantis.
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包括亞特蘭蒂斯
06:25
I don't know if we're going to be looking for Atlantis,
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我唔知道我哋係唔係會搵亞特蘭蒂斯
06:28
but you never know.
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可能我哋會去搵都未定
06:29
So I'm just so excited to launch this platform.
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所以我好開心啟動呢個平台
06:32
It's going to be launched formally by the end of the year.
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個平台將會喺今年年底正式發佈
06:35
And I have to say,
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我想講嘅係
06:36
if what my team has already discovered in the past few weeks are any indication,
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如果我哋團隊喺過去幾星期 已經發現到一啲跡象
06:42
what the world discovers is just going to be beyond imagination.
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咁樣之後全世界嘅發現將會超乎想像
06:47
Make sure to hold on to your alpacas.
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請繼續支持我哋呢個項目
06:50
Thank you very much.
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好多謝你哋
06:51
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
06:53
Thank you.
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多謝
06:54
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
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