Hunting for Peru's lost civilizations -- with satellites | Sarah Parcak

Translator: 潘 可儿 Reviewer: Alan Watson

In July of 1911,

1911 年 7 月

a 35-year-old Yale graduate and professor set out from his rainforest camp

一個 35 歲嘅耶魯大學畢業生、教授

同佢嘅團隊從雨林中嘅帳篷出發

with his team.

翻過一座陡峭嘅山

After climbing a steep hill

and wiping the sweat from his brow,

拭去眉毛上嘅汗水

he described what he saw beneath him.

佢描述咗身下嘅景象

He saw rising from the dense rainforest foliage

從茂密嘅熱帶雨林植被之中

this incredible interlocking maze of structures

佢睇到由花崗岩建造嘅 不可思議嘅迷宮結構

built of granite,

beautifully put together.

What's amazing about this project

呢個項目奇妙在

佢係國家地理雜誌第一個資助嘅項目

is that it was the first funded by National Geographic,

and it graced the front cover of its magazine in 1912.

並為 1912 年嘅雜誌封面增添風采

This professor used state-of-the-art photography equipment

呢位教授用咗最先進嘅攝影設備 去記錄呢個遺址

to record the site,

forever changing the face of exploration.

從此改變咗探索

The site was Machu Picchu,

遺跡位於馬丘比丘

discovered and explored by Hiram Bingham.

由 Hiram Bingham 發現嘅

When he saw the site, he asked,

當佢睇到嗰個遺跡，佢問︰

"This is an impossible dream.

「呢個係冇可能嘅，點解會搵到嘅呢？」

What could it be?"

So today,

所以今日

100 years later,

一百年之後

I invite you all on an incredible journey with me,

我邀請你哋同我

一位 37 歲嘅耶魯畢業生、教授

a 37-year-old Yale graduate and professor.

共赴一場奇妙旅程

(Cheers)

（歡呼聲）

We will do nothing less than use state-of-the-art technology

我哋會用到最先進科技

to map an entire country.

描繪成個國家嘅地形

This is a dream started by Hiram Bingham,

呢一個夢係由 Hiram Bingham 開始嘅

but we are expanding it to the world,

但我哋將個夢延伸到全世界

making archaeological exploration more open, inclusive,

令更多地方都可以有考古

and at a scale simply not previously possible.

亦令到考古規模更加大

This is why I am so excited

呢樣就係點解 今日我會咁興奮同你哋分享

to share with you all today

that we will begin the 2016 TED Prize platform

我哋將會喺拉丁美洲

in Latin America,

具體啲喺秘魯

more specifically Peru.

執行 2016 年 TED 大獎嘅計劃

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Thank you.

多謝

We will be taking Hiram Bingham's impossible dream

我哋要將 Hiram Bingham 不可能嘅夢

and turning it into an amazing future

變成未來一個 我哋可以共同擔當嘅工作

that we can all share in together.

So Peru doesn't just have Machu Picchu.

秘魯唔單只有馬丘比丘

It has absolutely stunning jewelry,

仲有精緻嘅珠寶

like what you can see here.

就好似你喺呢度睇到嘅咁

It has amazing Moche pottery of human figures.

有栩栩如生嘅 Moche 陶土人偶

It has the Nazca Lines

有納斯卡線條

and amazing textiles.

同令人驚歎嘅紡織品

So as part of the TED Prize platform,

按著 TED 大獎嘅計劃嚟到做

we are going to partnering with some incredible organizations,

我哋打算同一啲組織合作

first of all with DigitalGlobe, the world's largest provider

首先同 DigitalGlobe

of high-resolution commercial satellite imagery.

世界上最大嘅高分辨率 商用衛星圖像供應商

They're going to be helping us build out

佢哋會幫我哋建立

this amazing crowdsourcing platform they have.

呢個佢哋有嘅眾包平台

Maybe some of you used it

可能你哋當中

with the MH370 crash and search for the airplane.

曾經有人都喺 DigitalGlobe 上面 幫手搵 MH370 嘅飛機

Of course, they'll also be providing us with the satellite imagery.

當然，佢哋都會提供衛星圖像

國家地理雜誌將會提供 教育同課程開發方面嘅幫助

National Geographic will be helping us with education and of course exploration.

As well, they'll be providing us with rich content for the platform,

佢哋都會為我哋嘅平台提供豐富資源

including some of the archival imagery like you saw at the beginning of this talk

包括你喺演講開始睇到嘅一啲檔案圖像

and some of their documentary footage.

同埋一啲佢哋嘅紀錄片片段

We've already begun to build and plan the platform,

我哋已經開始咗建立同設計平台

and I'm just so excited.

而我依家好興奮

So here's the cool part.

跟住落嚟仲勁︰

My team, headed up by Chase Childs,

由 Chase Childs 帶領嘅團隊

is already beginning to look at some of the satellite imagery.

已經開始查緊一啲衛星圖像

Of course, what you can see here is 0.3-meter data.

當然，你依家睇到嘅係 長 0.3 米嘅地面

This is site called Chan Chan in northern Peru.

呢個就係秘魯北部 稱為 Chan Chan 嘅遺跡

It dates to 850 AD.

可以追溯到公元 850 年

It's a really amazing city, but let's zoom in.

呢座城市真係好神奇

等我哋放大嚟睇睇

This is the type and quality of data that you all will get to see.

你哋遲啲睇到嘅數據 都係咁嘅類型同埋質素

You can see individual structures, individual buildings.

你會睇到單獨建築

And we've already begun to find previously unknown sites.

仲有我哋已經開始搵早前未知嘅遺跡

What we can say already is that as part of the platform,

我哋可以肯定嘅係，作為平台嘅一份子

you will all help discover thousands of previously unknown sites,

你會幫手搵好多之前未知嘅遺跡

like this one here,

就好似呢度呢個

and this potentially large one here.

同埋呢個潛在大型嘅遺跡

Unfortunately, we've also begun to uncover large-scale looting at sites,

不幸嘅係，我哋亦都喺遺跡發現

大規模搶劫嘅痕跡

like what you see here.

就好似你哋依家睇到咁樣

So many sites in Peru are threatened,

所以秘魯嘅好多遺跡都面臨威脅

but the great part is that all of this data

但係令人欣慰嘅係

所有數據都會同前線 保護呢啲遺跡嘅考古學家分享

is going to be shared with archaeologists on the front lines

of protecting these sites.

So I was just in Peru, meeting with their Minister of Culture

冇幾耐之前，我同秘魯嘅文化部長

as well as UNESCO.

同埋 UNESCO 會面

We'll be collaborating closely with them.

我哋之間將會有密切合作

Just so you all know,

就好似你哋所知咁

the site is going to be in both English and Spanish,

遺跡嘅工作將會用到英文同西班牙文

which is absolutely essential to make sure

確保秘魯同其他拉丁美洲嘅人 都能夠參與

that people in Peru and across Latin America can participate.

Our main project coprincipal investigator is the gentleman you see here,

我哋嘅聯合首席研究員就係佢︰

Dr. Luis Jaime Castillo,

美國天主教大學嘅 Luis Jaime Castillo 教授

professor at Catholic University.

As a respected Peruvian archaeologist and former vice-minister,

身為備受尊敬嘅秘魯考古學家 同前任文化副部長

Dr. Castillo will be helping us coordinate and share the data with archaeologists

Luis Jaime Castillo 將會幫我哋

同考古學家協調分享數據

so they can explore these sites on the ground.

令佢哋就可以實地探索遺跡

He also runs this amazing drone mapping program,

佢亦都開展緊無人機地圖測繪計劃

some of the images of which you can see behind me here and here.

喺我背後睇到你可以見到其中一啲圖像

And this data will be incorporated into the platform,

而呢啲數據會被收入平臺之中

and also he'll be helping to image some of the new sites you help find.

佢同時會描繪新遺跡，等你可以幫手搵

Our on-the-ground partner

我哋嘅實地探索團隊 會幫手做教育、外展

who will be helping us with education, outreach,

as well as site preservation components,

以及遺跡保護

is the Sustainable Preservation Initiative,

個團隊都係屬於

由 Larry Coben 博士帶領嘅 可持續保護行動計劃

led by Dr. Larry Coben.

Some of you may not be aware

你哋可能唔知啦

that some of the world's poorest communities

世界上嘅一啲最貧窮嘅社區

coexist with some of the world's most well-known archaeological sites.

其實喺一啲最出名嘅考古遺跡旁邊

What SPI does

SPI 嘅工作就係幫助呢啲社區

is it helps to empower these communities,

in particular women,

特別係當中嘅女性

with new economic approaches and business training.

教佢哋新嘅生活方式同訓練佢哋做生意

So it helps to teach them to create beautiful handicrafts

等佢哋可以整手工藝賣畀遊客

which are then sold on to tourists.

This empowers the women to treasure their cultural heritage

咁樣令到當地女性學識珍惜文化遺產

and take ownership of it.

同埋對遺產負起主人翁嘅責任

I had the opportunity to spend some time with 24 of these women

我有機會同當地 24 名女性

共度一段時間

at a well-known archaeological site called Pachacamac, just outside Lima.

就喺利馬以外嘅 著名考古遺跡 Pachacamac

These women were unbelievably inspiring,

呢啲女性出乎意料嘅對我有啟發性

and what's great is that SPI will help us transform communities

SPI 會幫我哋改造 一啲喺遺跡隔籬嘅社區

near some of the sites that you help to discover.

而呢啲遺跡你都會有份發現嘅

Peru is just the beginning.

秘魯只係開始

We're going to be expanding this platform to the world,

我哋打算將呢個平台推廣到全世界

but already I've gotten thousands of emails

但目前我已經收到世界各地幾千封電郵

from people all across the world -- professors, educators, students,

嚟自教授、教育工作者、學生

and other archaeologists -- who are so excited to help participate.

仲有考古學家

佢哋非常興奮話想要幫手搵

In fact, they're already suggesting amazing places for us to help discover,

佢哋甚至提議咗一啲地方去搵

including Atlantis.

包括亞特蘭蒂斯

I don't know if we're going to be looking for Atlantis,

我唔知道我哋係唔係會搵亞特蘭蒂斯

but you never know.

可能我哋會去搵都未定

So I'm just so excited to launch this platform.

所以我好開心啟動呢個平台

It's going to be launched formally by the end of the year.

個平台將會喺今年年底正式發佈

And I have to say,

我想講嘅係

if what my team has already discovered in the past few weeks are any indication,

如果我哋團隊喺過去幾星期 已經發現到一啲跡象

what the world discovers is just going to be beyond imagination.

咁樣之後全世界嘅發現將會超乎想像

Make sure to hold on to your alpacas.

請繼續支持我哋呢個項目

Thank you very much.

好多謝你哋

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Thank you.

多謝

(Applause)

（掌聲）