Dale Dougherty: We are makers

翻译人员: Bo Fu 校对人员: Yang Zhao

I'm going to have a pretty simple idea

我有一个很简单的想法

that I'm just going to tell you over and over until I get you to believe it,

我会不停地跟你们说这个想法，直到你们相信，

and that is all of us are makers.

那就是我们都是创造者。

I really believe that.

我真的这么认为。

All of us are makers.

我们全都是创造者。

We're born makers.

我们是天生的创造者。

We have this ability

我们有这样的能力

to make things,

去创造事物，

to grasp things with our hands.

用我们的双手去把握（感知）事物。

We use words like "grasp" metaphorically

这里的'把握‘是个隐喻

to also think about understanding things.

意思是说我们也同时在感知事物。

We don't just live, but we make.

我们不仅仅是在生存，同时也在创造；

We create things.

我们创造万物。

Well I'm going to show you a group of makers

我会向你们展示一组创造者

from Maker Faire and various places.

他们来自创造者大会(Maker Faire)和其他地方。

It doesn't come out particularly well,

这看上去不是非常棒，

but that's a particularly tall bicycle.

但这真的是非常高的一辆自行车。

It's a scraper bike; it's called --

它叫刮刀(scraper)自行车，

from Oakland.

来自奥克兰。

And this is a particularly small scooter

然后这是一辆很小的摩托车

for a gentleman of this size.

驾驶者是一位高大的男士。

But he's trying to power it, or motorize it,

但是他尝试着赋予它力量，或者说使它机动化，

with a drill.

通过一个电钻

(Laughter)

（笑声）

And the question he had is,

他的疑问是，

"Can I do it? Can it be done?"

“我真的能这样做吗？我能做到吗？”

Apparently it can.

事实证明他做到了。

So makers are enthusiasts; they're amateurs;

创造者是一些业余爱好者，但很狂热，

they're people who love

他们热爱

doing what they do.

他们所做的事情。

They don't always even know why they're doing it.

他们有时候甚至不知道为什么要这么做。

We have begun organizing makers

我们已经开始举办创造者大会(Maker Faire)

at our Maker Faire.

来聚集创造者。

There was one held in Detroit here last summer,

去年夏天我们在底特律举办了一场，就是这里，

and it will be held again next summer, at the Henry Ford.

明年夏天会在亨利福特(底特律地区)举办。

But we hold them in San Francisco --

此外举办地还有在旧金山

(Applause)

（掌声）

-- and in New York.

以及纽约。

And it's a fabulous event

这是一个非常棒的活动

to just meet and talk to these people who make things

你可以和那些创造新事物的人们见面并且聊聊

and are there to just show them to you and talk about them

他们会向你展示那些创造，聊聊它们

and have a great conversation.

那会是很棒的对话。

(Video) Guy: I might get one of those.

（视频）男子：我或许该弄一个。

Dale Dougherty: These are electric muffins.

戴尔·多尔蒂：这是些电力松饼。

Guy: Where did you guys get those?

男子：你们是从哪儿弄的这东西？

Muffin: Will you glide with us? (Guy: No.)

松饼：你愿意和我们一起滑吗？（男子：不。）

DD: I know Ford has new electric vehicles coming out.

戴尔·多尔蒂：我知道福特会推出新的电力车。

We got there first.

我们更先一步。

Lady: Will you glide with us?

女士：愿意一起滑吗？

DD: This is something I call "swinging in the rain."

戴尔·多尔蒂：我把这东西叫做雨中秋千。

And you can barely see it,

你可能看不到，

but it's -- a controller at top cycles the water to fall

但事实上 － 是顶端的一个控制器来让水

just before and after you pass through the bottom of the arc.

刚好在你荡过最低点之前和之后流下

So imagine a kid: "Am I going to get wet? Am I going to get wet?

孩子会想：“我会被弄湿吗？我会被弄湿吗？

No, I didn't get wet. Am I going to get wet? Am I going to get wet?"

噢，我没有湿。我会被弄湿吗？我会被弄湿吗？”

That's the experience of a clever ride.

这是一个很聪明的体验。

And of course, we have fashion.

当然，我们也涉足时尚。

People are remaking things into fashion.

人们会在时尚领域重新创造。

I don't know if this is called a basket-bra,

我不知道这个是不是叫做篮球文胸，

but it ought to be something like that.

但八九不离十。

We have art students getting together,

我们有一些艺术专业学生聚到一起，

taking old radiator parts

用废旧的散热器（冷却器）零件

and doing an iron-pour to make something new out of it.

进行浇铸来做些新的东西。

They did that in the summer, and it was very warm.

当时是夏天，很热。

Now this one takes a little bit of explaining.

现在这个需要多解释一点。

You know what those are, right?

你们都知道这些是什么，对吧？

Billy-Bob, or Billy Bass, or something like that.

章鱼，或鲈鱼，或类似的东西。

Now the background is -- the guy who did this is a physicist.

背景是说制作这些的人是一个物理学家。

And here he'll explain a little bit about what it does.

这里他会解释一下他所做的。

(Video) Richard Carter: I'm Richard Carter,

（视频）理查德·卡特：我是理查德·卡特，

and this is the Sashimi Tabernacle Choir.

这是刺身（生鱼）礼拜合唱团。

Choir: ♫ When you hold me in your arms ♫

合唱团：♫ 当你抱我在怀里 ♫

DD: This is all computer-controlled

理查德·卡特：这是全电脑控制的

in an old Volvo.

在一部旧的沃尔沃（轿车）里。

Choir: ♫ I'm hooked on a feelin' ♫

合唱团：♫ 我有种强烈的感觉 ♫

♫ I'm high on believin' ♫

♫ 我对此深信不疑 ♫

♫ That you're in love with me ♫

♫ 那就是你爱上了我 ♫

DD: So Richard came up from Houston last year

戴尔·多尔蒂：去年理查德从休斯顿

to visit us in Detroit here

到底特律来找到我们

and show the wonderful Sashimi Tabernacle Choir.

并展示了美妙的刺身礼拜合唱团。

So, are you a maker?

那么，你是创造者吗？

How many people here would say you're a maker, if you raise your hand?

在座的有多少人认为自己是创造者，请举一下手

That's a pretty good --

非常好 －

but there's some of you out there that won't admit that you're makers.

但在座的各位有人不愿意在外面承认你自己是创造者。

And again, think about it.

我们再好好想想。

You're makers of food; you're makers of shelter;

你们创造了食物，是创造了庇护所（避难所），

you're makers of lots of different things,

你们是许许多多事物的创造者。

and partly what interests me today

而今天让我很感兴趣的是

is you're makers of your own world,

你创造了你自己的世界，

and particularly the role that technology has

特别是科技在你的生活中

in your life.

的角色。

You're really a driver or a passenger --

你一定是一位驾驶者或者乘客，

to use a Volkswagen phrase.

按照大众(Volkswagen)的说法。

Makers are in control.

创造者希望对事物有所控制。

That's what fascinates them. That's why they do what they do.

这令他们心驰神往；这也是他们创造的原动力。

They want to figure out how things work;

他们渴望知道事物是如何运作的，

they want to get access to it;

他们想要看到事物内部的逻辑，

and they want to control it.

然后他们愿意控制它；

They want to use it to their own purpose.

他们会按照自己的意愿来使用它。

Makers today, to some degree, are out on the edge.

今天的创造者，一定程度上有些超前。

They're not mainstream.

他们不是主流。

They're a little bit radical.

他们有一点激进。

They're a bit subversive in what they do.

他们所做的会有些颠覆和破坏的成分。

But at one time,

但在曾经的某段时间，

it was fairly commonplace to think of yourself as a maker.

自认为是创造者是很常见的。

It was not something you'd even remark upon.

甚至不会有人专门去评论它。

And I found this old video.

我找到这段旧的录像。

And I'll tell you more about it, but just ...

我会告诉你关于它的一些事，但...

(Music)

（音乐）

(Video) Narrator: Of all things Americans are,

（视频）讲述者：在所有对美国人的定义中最具意义的是

we are makers.

我们是创造者。

With our strengths and our minds and spirit,

用我们的力量、头脑和精神，

we gather, we form, and we fashion.

我们汇聚，我们促成，我们雕琢 －

Makers and shapers

创造者和塑造者

and put-it-togetherers.

然后把他们融合到一起。

DD: So it goes on to show you

戴尔·多尔蒂：这部片子会继续告诉你

people making things out of wood,

人们最初使用木材来制造物品，

a grandfather making a ship in a bottle,

一位老人在玻璃瓶里创作了一艘船，

a woman making a pie --

一位女士制作了派 －

somewhat standard fare of the day.

这在今天看来已经很平常了。

But it was a sense of pride

但这是一种骄傲

that we made things,

因为我们能创造事物，

that the world around us was made by us.

甚至可以说我们身处的这个世界是我们自己创造的。

It didn't just exist.

它并不是最初就存在的；

We made it, and we were connected to it that way.

我们创造了它，就这样我们与它息息相关。

And I think that's tremendously important.

我认为这是非常重要的。

Now I'm going to tell you one funny thing about this.

现在我会给你们讲一个有趣的事情。

This particular reel --

这个特别的卷轴 －

it's an industrial video --

是一个工业用的录像带 －

but it was shown in drive-in theaters

但它曾在汽车影院里播放

in 1961 --

那是1961年－

in the Detroit area, in fact --

在底特律地区，事实上 －

and it preceded Alfred Hitchcock's "Psycho."

它要早于阿尔弗雷德·希区柯克(Alfred Hitchcock)的“精神病患者”(Psycho)。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

So I like to think there was something going on there

所以我愿意相信这是由

of the new generation of makers

一些新生代的创造者

coming out of this, plus "Psycho."

有点“精神病”的创造者创造出来的。

This is Andrew Archer.

这是安德鲁·阿克尔(Andrew Archer)。

I met Andrew at one of our community meetings

我是在创造者大会的社区会议上

putting together Maker Faire.

遇到安德鲁的。

Andrew had moved to Detroit

安德鲁是从明尼苏达的杜鲁斯

from Duluth, Minnesota.

搬到底特律来的。

And I talked to his mom,

我和他的母亲聊了聊，

and I ended up doing a story on him

并在一个叫小机器人(Kidrobot)的杂志上

for a magazine called Kidrobot.

写了一篇他的故事。

He's just a kid that grew up

他是一个喜欢工具而不是玩具

playing with tools instead of toys.

长大的孩子。

He liked to take things apart.

他喜欢拆解东西。

His mother gave him a part of the garage,

他的母亲在车库里给他弄了一块地方，

and he collected things from yard sales, and he made stuff.

然后他就从庭院集市收集些东西，用来制作新的物品。

And then he didn't particularly like school that much,

他并不怎么喜欢上学，

but he got involved in robotics competitions,

但他参加了机器人大赛，

and he realized he had a talent,

然后他发现在这方面他很有才华，

and, more importantly, he had a real passion for it.

更重要的是，他喜欢做这个。

And he began building robots.

于是他开始制作机器人。

And when I sat down next to him,

当我坐在他旁边的时候，

he was telling me about a company he formed,

他讲起他创建的一个公司，

and he was building some robots for automobile factories

他为汽车厂制作了一些机器人

to move things around on the factory floor.

用来在搬运货物。

And that's why he moved to Michigan.

所以他搬到了密歇根。

But he also moved here

当然他又搬到了这里

to meet other people doing what he's doing.

去寻找那些志同道合的人。

And this kind of gets to this important idea today.

现在这些人有了这个很棒的创意。

This is Jeff and Bilal and several others here

这是杰夫、比拉和其他一些人

in a hackerspace.

在一个黑客工作室里.

And there's about three hackerspaces or more in Detroit.

在底特律大概有3个或者更多的黑客工作室。

And there's probably even some new ones since I've been here last.

甚至在我上一次造访之后又多了一些。

But these are like clubs --

但是这些就像俱乐部一样。

they're sharing tools, sharing space,

他们共享工具和空间，

sharing expertise in what to make.

分享创造过程中的才华。

And so it's a very interesting phenomenon

这是一个在全世界

that's going across the world.

都很有趣的现象。

But essentially these are people that are playing with technology.

但最根本的是有人在玩儿这些科技。

Let me say that again: playing.

你没听错 － 玩儿

They don't necessarily know what they're doing or why they're doing it.

他们并不需要知道他们在做什么或者为什么这么做。

They're playing

他们通过玩儿

to discover what the technology can do,

来探索现在的科技能做什么，

and probably to discover what they can do themselves,

也许还包括他们自己能做什么，

what their own capabilities are.

他们拥有什么样的能力。

Now the other thing that I think is taking off,

现在我们来看看,

another reason making is taking off today,

今天让创造很受欢迎的另一个原因是，

is there's some great new tools out there.

我们有了许多很棒的新工具。

And you can't see this very well on the screen,

在这个屏幕上你可能看不太清楚，

but Arduino -- Arduino is an open-source hardware platform.

这是阿都伊诺(Arduino): Arduino是一个开源的硬件平台。®

It's a micro-controller.

它是一个微控制器。

If you don't know what those are, they're just the "brains."

如果你不知道这些是什么，那么我告诉你他们就是大脑。

So they're the brains of maker projects,

他们是创造者项目的大脑。

and here's an example of one.

这有一个例子。

And I don't know if you can see it that well, but that's a mailbox --

我不知道你们能不能看清，这是一个邮箱－

so an ordinary mailbox and an Arduino.

一个传统的邮箱和一个Arduino。

So you figure out how to program this,

你可以弄清楚如果为它编写程序，

and you put this in your mailbox.

然后把它放到你的邮箱里。

And when someone opens your mailbox,

当有人打开你的邮箱时，

you get a notification,

你就会收到一个通知，

an alert message goes to your iPhone.

你的iPhone会收到一个警告信息。

Now that could be a dog door,

你也可以把它用作狗狗出入的门，

it could be someone going somewhere where they shouldn't,

可以监控是不是有人去了不该去的地方，

like a little brother into a little sister's room.

比如男孩子进了女孩子的房间。

There's all kinds of different things

你可以用它来做许许多多

that you can imagine for that.

你能想象到的事情。

Now here's something -- a 3D printer.

我们来看，这是一个3D打印机。

That's another tool that's really taken off -- really, really interesting.

这是另一个会很受欢迎的工具－它真的很有趣。

This is Makerbot.

这是Makerbot.

And there are industrial versions of this --

你可以拿到它的工业版本授权－

about 20,000 dollars.

大概两万美元。

These guys came up with a kit version

他们也提供一个精简（工具箱）版本

for 750 dollars,

只需750美元。

and that means that hobbyists and ordinary folks

这意味着爱好者或普通人

can get a hold of this and begin playing with 3D printers.

都可以开始使用3D打印机了。

Now they don't know what they want to do with it,

他们现在还不知道能用它来干什么，

but they're going to figure it out.

但他们会弄清楚的。

They will only figure it out by getting their hands on it and playing with it.

也许真的开始使用它是弄清楚这一点的唯一途径。

One of the coolest things is, Makerbot sent out an upgrade,

Makerbot发布了一个升级，这很棒对吧，

some new brackets for the box.

比如盒子的新支架。

Well you printed out the brackets

你可以打印出来一些新的支架

and then replaced the old brackets with the new ones.

然后把旧的支架替换掉。

Isn't that cool?

这很酷对不对？

So makers harvest technology

所以说创造者总是可以从生活中

from all the places around us.

收获可以应用的科技。

This is a radar speed detector

这是一个雷达速度侦测器

that was developed from a Hot Wheels toy.

它是用风火轮(Hotwheels)玩具为基础制作的。

And they do interesting things.

他们可以做些很有趣的事。

They're really creating new areas and exploring areas

他们真的在发现和探索新的地区

that you might only think --

你也许会想

the military is doing drones --

这是军方使用无人侦察机所做的事。

well, there is a whole community of people

好吧，有这样一个社区

building autonomous airplanes, or vehicles --

他们在建造无人驾驶的飞机之类的交通工具－

something that you could program to fly on its own,

你可以通过编程来让它自己飞行，

without a stick or anything, to figure out what path it's going.

不需要遥控或别的什么，它就可以自己找到飞行路径。

Fascinating work they're doing.

真的很迷人。

We just had an issue on space exploration,

我们对宇宙探索也有了一个想法，

DIY space exploration.

自制宇宙探测器。

This is probably the best time in the history of mankind

这或许是人类历史上拥抱宇宙的

to love space.

最佳时机。

You could build your own satellite and get it into space

你可以建造你自己的卫星并把它送上太空

for like 8,000 dollars.

而这只需要大概8000美元。

Think how much money and how many years it took NASA

想想看美国国家航空航天局(NASA)

to get satellites into space.

花了多少时间和金钱才做到这件事。

In fact, these guys actually work for NASA,

事实上，这些人真的在为美国国家航空航天局工作，

and they're trying to pioneer using off-the-shelf components,

现在他们正在尝试用可以买到的

cheap things that aren't specialized

不那么昂贵的非定制组件

that they can combine

来建造飞行器

and send up into space.

并把它送上太空。

Makers are a source of innovation,

创造者是创新的发起者，

and I think it relates back to something

我想这和过去的很多事都有重要的联系

like the birth of the personal computer industry.

比如说个人电脑产业的诞生。

This is Steve Wozniak. Where does he learn about computers?

这是斯蒂夫·沃兹。他从哪里学习计算机的呢？

It's the Homebrew Computer Club -- just like a hackerspace.

是Homebrew计算机俱乐部－就像一个黑客工作室。

And he says, "I could go there all day long

他说，“我可以在那儿呆上一整天

and talk to people

和那儿的人聊天

and share ideas for free."

不求回报地分享创意。”

Well he did a little bit better than free.

好吧，他并没有完全不求回报。

But it's important to understand

但是我们应该明白

that a lot of the origins of our industries --

很多产业的雏形

even like Henry Ford --

甚至像亨利福特（福特汽车创始人）

come from this idea of playing

都是从玩耍

and figuring things out in groups.

并群体性地学习中产生的。

Well, if I haven't convinced you that you're a maker,

好了，如果我还没能让你相信你是一个创造者，

I hope I could convince you

我希望你能相信

that our next generation should be makers,

我们的下一代会是创造者，

that kids are particularly interested in this,

因为孩子们对这个很感兴趣，

in this ability to control the physical world

通过创造去控制我们的世界

and be able to use things like micro-controllers

以及使用像微控制器这样的东西

and build robots.

来建造机器人。

And we've got to get this into schools,

我们需要在学校的教育里，

or into communities in many, many ways --

或者许许多多的社区中－

the ability to tinker,

教孩子们如何塑造

to shape and reshape the world around us.

和修剪我们身边的世界。

There's a great opportunity today --

今天是个绝好的机会－

and that's what I really care about the most.

去回答我非常在意的一个问题

An the answer to the question: what will America make?

美国将会创造出什么？

It's more makers.

答案是更多的创造者。

Thank you very much.

非常感谢。

(Applause)

（掌声）