Lessons from death row inmates | David R. Dow

Translator: Jenny Zurawell Reviewer: Thu-Huong Ha

翻译人员: Shang Sinian 校对人员: Yuguo Zhang

Two weeks ago,

两周前，

I was sitting at the kitchen table with my wife Katya,

我和我的妻子，卡特亚，

坐在餐桌旁，

and we were talking about what I was going to talk about today.

我们两人当时谈论着我今天将要讨论的事情。

We have an 11-year-old son; his name is Lincoln.

我们有个11岁大的儿子；叫林肯。他当时也坐在同一张餐桌旁

He was sitting at the same table, doing his math homework.

做他的数学作业。

And during a pause in my conversation with Katya,

我和卡特亚的谈话暂停了一下，

I looked over at Lincoln

我看着林肯

and I was suddenly thunderstruck

然后突然被我想起来的一位客户的经历所

by a recollection of a client of mine.

震惊了。

My client was a guy named Will.

我的客户是一个叫威尔的男孩。

He was from North Texas.

他来自北德克萨斯。

他的父亲在他母亲怀着他的时候就离开了他们，所以

He never knew his father very well,

because his father left his mom while she was pregnant with him.

从没见过他的父亲。

And so, he was destined to be raised by a single mom,

所以，命中注定他成长在一个单亲妈妈的家庭，

which might have been all right

也许他可以成长的很好

except that this particular single mom was a paranoid schizophrenic,

只是他的特殊的单身母亲

有偏执型精神分裂症，

and when Will was five years old,

更糟糕的是她曾经想用一把屠刀杀死只有5岁的威尔。

she tried to kill him with a butcher knife.

她被

She was taken away by authorities and placed in a psychiatric hospital,

警察带走后并被送进了精神病院，

and so for the next several years Will lived with his older brother,

那之后的几年威尔和他的哥哥生活在一起直到

until he committed suicide by shooting himself through the heart.

他的哥哥将一颗子弹送进了自己的心脏。

那之后

And after that Will bounced around from one family member to another,

威尔就在亲戚家中轮流居住，

until, by the time he was nine years old, he was essentially living on his own.

直到，他九岁的时候，他基本上只是自己独自生活了。

That morning that I was sitting with Katya and Lincoln,

那天早上我，卡特亚和林肯坐在一起，我看着我的儿子，

I looked at my son, and I realized that when my client, Will, was his age,

我意识到当我的客户，威尔，

和我儿子一样大的时候，

he'd been living by himself for two years.

他已经独自生活了两年了。

Will eventually joined a gang

威尔最后加入了黑手党

and committed a number of very serious crimes,

并严重触犯了

一系列法律，

including, most seriously of all,

包括，其中最严重，

一场可怕，悲剧性的谋杀。

a horrible, tragic murder.

威尔最后被判处死刑

And Will was ultimately executed as punishment for that crime.

作为犯罪的惩罚。

但是今天我不打算

But I don't want to talk today about the morality of capital punishment.

谈论

关于死刑的道德问题。我坚定的认为

I certainly think that my client shouldn't have been executed,

我的客户不应该被判死刑，但是我今天想从一个

but what I would like to do today instead

is talk about the death penalty in a way I've never done before,

以前没有讨论过的角度去

谈一谈死刑，

in a way that is entirely noncontroversial.

一个

完全无可争议的角度。

我认为这是可能的，

I think that's possible,

because there is a corner of the death penalty debate --

因为总有一个关于死刑争议

的角落--

maybe the most important corner --

也许是最重要的角落--

where everybody agrees,

所有人都可以认同，

where the most ardent death penalty supporters

其中死刑最忠实的拥护者

and the most vociferous abolitionists are on exactly the same page.

和坚持废除死刑的人

都认同的事。

That's the corner I want to explore.

那就是我想探索的角落。

Before I do that, though, I want to spend a couple of minutes

在这之前，可是，我想几分钟时间向你们说明一下

telling you how a death penalty case unfolds,

死刑案例是如何开展的，

and then I want to tell you two lessons

之后我想再告诉你们过去的20年中

that I have learned over the last 20 years as a death penalty lawyer

作为一个死刑律师我学到的两件事，

from watching well more than a hundred cases unfold in this way.

从过去以这样的形式已经开展的上百例案件。

You can think of a death penalty case as a story that has four chapters.

您可以把死刑案件看做的一个

有四个章节的故事。

The first chapter of every case is exactly the same, and it is tragic.

每宗个案的第一章是完全相同的，

是个悲剧。

It begins with the murder of an innocent human being,

它始于谋杀

无辜的人，

and it's followed by a trial

接下来是审判

where the murderer is convicted and sent to death row,

法庭上杀人凶手被定罪为死囚，

and that death sentence is ultimately upheld by the state appellate court.

最终，

被州诉讼法院判为死刑。

第二章由复杂的法律程序组成，称为

The second chapter consists of a complicated legal proceeding

known as a state habeas corpus appeal.

州人身保护诉讼令。

The third chapter is an even more complicated legal proceeding

第三章的法律程序更为复杂，称为

known as a federal habeas corpus proceeding.

联邦人身保护令程序。

And the fourth chapter is one where a variety of things can happen.

第四章中

各种各样的事情都可能发生。律师们可能会提出申请，

The lawyers might file a clemency petition,

they might initiate even more complex litigation,

他们可能会引发更多复杂的诉讼，

or they might not do anything at all.

或者，他们可能什么都不做。

But that fourth chapter always ends with an execution.

但这四章总是以

执行死刑结束。

当我 20 多年前开始为死囚牢房的囚犯做代表的时候，

When I started representing death row inmates more than 20 years ago,

people on death row did not have a right to a lawyer

死囚并没有使用律师的权利，在这个故事的第二章

in either the second or the fourth chapter of this story.

或第四章。

They were on their own.

他们得靠自己。

In fact, it wasn't until the late 1980s

事实上，直到20世纪80年代他们才获得在

that they acquired a right to a lawyer during the third chapter of the story.

这个故事的第三章期间

使用律师的权利。

So what all of these death row inmates had to do was rely on volunteer lawyers

所以所有这些死囚犯人不得不

依靠志愿律师

to handle their legal proceedings.

来处理他们的法律诉讼。

The problem is that there were way more guys on death row

问题是死囚的数量比起

对死囚案件有兴趣以及具有相关技能的律师更多。

than there were lawyers

who had both the interest and the expertise to work on these cases.

And so inevitably,

所以不可避免的是，

lawyers drifted to cases that were already in chapter four --

律师漂流到了已经在第四章的案件 — —

that makes sense, of course.

这的确有道理，当然。这些案件都是最迫切的 ；

Those are the cases that are most urgent;

这些家伙都是最接近于执行死刑的人。

those are the guys who are closest to being executed.

Some of these lawyers were successful;

这些律师有的成功的为他们的客户争取到了新的审判。

they managed to get new trials for their clients.

Others of them managed to extend the lives of their clients,

其他的设法延长了他们的客户生命，有时

sometimes by years, sometimes by months.

是几年，有时是几个月。

But the one thing that didn't happen

但有一件事没有发生，

在德克萨斯州，每年处决的人数从没有

was that there was never a serious and sustained decline

in the number of annual executions in Texas.

真正意义的持续下降。

In fact, as you can see from this graph,

实际上，正如您看到的这张图表，从20世纪90年代中期到晚期，

from the time that the Texas execution apparatus got efficient

德克萨斯州执行机构有了执行能力，

in the mid- to late 1990s,

there have only been a couple of years

只有过了几年每年处决的人数在下降

where the number of annual executions dipped below 20.

到20个案例以下。

In a typical year in Texas,

德克萨斯州一年中，

we're averaging about two people a month.

我们现在平均大约

每个月有两人被执行。

In some years in Texas, we've executed close to 40 people,

在德克萨斯州的一些年里，我们曾经执行过近 40 人，并且这一数字

and this number has never significantly declined over the last 15 years.

在过去的 15 年中从来没有显著下降过。

And yet, at the same time that we continue to execute

然而，同时，我们继续执行

about the same number of people every year,

几乎每年相同数量的人数，

the number of people who we're sentencing to death on an annual basis

我们正在宣判死刑的人数

以年为单位

has dropped rather steeply.

在急剧下降。

So we have this paradox,

所以我们得出这种自相矛盾的结论，

就是每年处决的人数保持很高

which is that the number of annual executions has remained high

but the number of new death sentences has gone down.

但新的死刑判决的数目下降了。

Why is that?

这是为什么？

It can't be attributed to a decline in the murder rate,

它不能归咎于谋杀数量的下降，

because the murder rate has not declined nearly so steeply

因为谋杀数量没有下降

近那么快，图上的红线已经减少了。

as the red line on that graph has gone down.

What has happened instead

取而代之，

is that juries have started to sentence more and more people to prison

陪审团着手把更多的人判入监狱

终生监禁他们完全没有释放的机会，

for the rest of their lives without the possibility of parole,

rather than sending them to the execution chamber.

而不是将它们发送到死刑室。

为什么？

Why has that happened?

It hasn't happened because of a dissolution

这不是因民意支持取消

of popular support for the death penalty.

死刑。死刑反对者获得了极大的安慰是因为

Death penalty opponents take great solace in the fact

在德克萨斯州的死刑支持率正处于历史低点。

that death penalty support in Texas is at an all-time low.

Do you know what all-time low in Texas means?

你知道在德克萨斯州创历史新低意味着什么吗？

It means that it's in the low 60 percent.

这意味着它是低于60%。

Now, that's really good compared to the mid-1980s,

与之相比，一个很好的例子是80年代中期，当时

when it was in excess of 80 percent,

这个数字是超过 80%，

but we can't explain the decline in death sentences

但我们不能简单的解释死刑判决的减少是因为人们对生命的关注

and the affinity for life without the possibility of parole

而把死刑支持者言论减少的可能性排除在外。

by an erosion of support for the death penalty,

because people still support the death penalty.

，因为有人仍支持死刑。

What's happened to cause this phenomenon?

发生了什么，导致这种现象呢？

What's happened is that lawyers who represent death row inmates

说发生的事是

这些代表死囚的律师们

已经开始将他们的注意力向更早

have shifted their focus to earlier and earlier chapters

死刑故事的章节。

of the death penalty story.

So 25 years ago, they focused on chapter four.

所以 25 年前，他们关注第四章。

And they went from chapter four 25 years ago

25年前，80年代后期，他们从

to chapter three in the late 1980s.

第四章转移到了第三章。

And they went from chapter three in the late 1980s

他们从八十年代后期第 3 章中进入到了

to chapter two in the mid-1990s.

上世纪 90 年代中期的了第两章。从90年代中期到后期，

And beginning in the mid- to late 1990s,

they began to focus on chapter one of the story.

他们开始专注于故事的第一章。

Now, you might think that this decline in death sentences

现在，你也许会认为死刑判决的减少和上升的

and the increase in the number of life sentences

终身监禁刑罚的人数是一件好事或坏事。

is a good thing or a bad thing.

I don't want to have a conversation about that today.

我今天不想讨论。

All that I want to tell you is that the reason that this has happened

所有的我想要告诉是发生的理由

is because death penalty lawyers have understood

正是因为死刑律师能看明白

that the earlier you intervene in a case,

在你的案例中越早干预，

the greater the likelihood that you're going to save your client's life.

你越有希望保护你的客户的生命。

That's the first thing I've learned.

这是我所学到的第一件事。

Here's the second thing I learned:

我学到了第二件事：

My client Will was not the exception to the rule;

我的客户威尔

并不是个规则的例外；

he was the rule.

他就是规则。

I sometimes say, if you tell me the name of a death row inmate --

我有时会说，如果你告诉我一个死囚犯人的名字— —

doesn't matter what state he's in,

不管他现在是什么状态也不管我之前是否见过他 — —

doesn't matter if I've ever met him before --

I'll write his biography for you.

我可以为你写出他的自传。

And eight out of 10 times,

80%的情况下，

the details of that biography will be more or less accurate.

该传记的细节

或多或少是准确的。

And the reason for that is that 80 percent of the people on death row

原因是 80%的死囚

are people who came from the same sort of dysfunctional family that Will did.

都来自同一种功能失调的家庭。

Eighty percent of the people on death row

80%的死囚

are people who had exposure to the juvenile justice system.

都接触过

少年司法制度系统。

That's the second lesson that I've learned.

这就是我学会的

第二个教训。

Now we're right on the cusp of that corner

现在我们就在那个角落的尖点

where everybody's going to agree.

那里每个人都认同。

People in this room might disagree

在这个房间里的人可能不同意

about whether Will should have been executed,

关于威尔是否应该被执行死刑，

but I think everybody would agree

但我想大家都会同意

that the best possible version of his story

他的故事最好的可能版本

would be a story where no murder ever occurs.

是一个谋杀不曾出现的

故事。

How do we do that?

我们如何做哪？

When our son Lincoln was working on that math problem two weeks ago,

两周前，当我们的儿子林肯正在研究这一数学问题

it was a big, gnarly problem.

的时候，是一个很麻烦的问题。

And he was learning how, when you have a big old gnarly problem,

他学习如何（解决问题），当你有一个麻烦的问题，

sometimes the solution is to slice it into smaller problems.

有时解决方案是把它分成较小的问题。

That's what we do for most problems --

这是我们做大多数问题--数学和物理，即使社会政策-

in math, in physics, even in social policy --

we slice them into smaller, more manageable problems.

我们把它们分割为更小、 更易于管理的问题。

But every once in a while, as Dwight Eisenhower said,

但每隔一段时间，

正如德怀特 · 艾森豪威尔说，

the way you solve a problem is to make it bigger.

解决问题的方法

是要使它变得更大。

我们解决这个问题的方法

The way we solve this problem

is to make the issue of the death penalty bigger.

是要使死刑的问题更大。

We have to say, all right.

我们不得不说，好吧。

We have these four chapters of a death penalty story,

我们有这四章

死刑的故事，

but what happens before that story begins?

但是故事开始之前

会发生什么？

How can we intervene in the life of a murderer

我们如何可以凶手犯罪之前干预

before he's a murderer?

他的生活？

What options do we have to nudge that person off of the path

我们有哪些选择

改变谋杀犯的

人生轨迹

这会导致一个结果，所有人— —

that is going to lead to a result that everybody --

death penalty supporters and death penalty opponents --

死刑的支持者和反对者 — —

still think is a bad result:

仍然认为

是一个糟糕的结果：

the murder of an innocent human being?

一个无辜的人被杀害吗？

You know, sometimes people say that something isn't rocket science.

你知道，有时候人们会说

有一些事情

不是火箭科学。

And by that, what they mean is rocket science is really complicated

是，他们的意思是火箭科学确实很复杂

and this problem that we're talking about now is really simple.

而这个问题，我们正在谈论其实是真的非常简单。

Well that's rocket science;

嗯，这是火箭科学 ；

that's the mathematical expression for the thrust created by a rocket.

这就是数学方程式

为一枚火箭创建的推力。

What we're talking about today is just as complicated.

我们今天讨论的

事很复杂。

What we're talking about today is also rocket science.

我们今天在讨论的也是

火箭科学。

My client Will and 80 percent of the people on death row

我的客户威尔

和 80%的死囚

had five chapters in their lives

在他们的生活中有五个章节

that came before the four chapters of the death penalty story.

这都在

死刑故事的四个章节之前。

我认为这些五个章节的干预点，

I think of these five chapters as points of intervention,

places in their lives

在他们的生活中当我们的社会

when our society could've intervened in their lives

可以介入他们的生活并改变他们正在走向一个结局，那个我们所有人

and nudged them off of the path that they were on

that created a consequence that we all --

— — 死刑的支持者或死刑

death penalty supporters or death penalty opponents --

的反对者 — —

say was a bad result.

认为是很差的结局。

Now, during each of these five chapters:

现在，这五个章节的每个章节：

when his mother was pregnant with him;

当他的母亲怀孕；

in his early childhood years;

在他早期的童年 ；

when he was in elementary school;

当他上小学 ；

when he was in middle school and then high school;

当他上中学和高中 ；

and when he was in the juvenile justice system --

当他在少年司法系统 — — 期间的每个章节，

during each of those five chapters,

there were a wide variety of things that society could have done.

有各种各样社会能做的事情。

In fact, if we just imagine

事实上，如果我们只是想象

that there are five different modes of intervention,

有五种不同模式的干预，社会可以介入的方式

the way that society could intervene in each of those five chapters,

五个章节的每一章，

and we could mix and match them any way we want,

我们可以混合匹配成任何我们想要的方式，

there are 3,000 -- more than 3,000 -- possible strategies

有 3,000 — — 超过 3,000 — — 可能行性措施

that we could embrace

我们可以帮助，像威尔一样的孩子

in order to nudge kids like Will off of the path that they're on.

改变他们的人生之路。

So I'm not standing here today with the solution.

所以我今天不是站在这里

提出解决方案。

But the fact that we still have a lot to learn,

但事实是我们仍有很多要学，

that doesn't mean that we don't know a lot already.

这并不意味着我们一无所知。

We know from experience in other states

我们从其他州的经验知道

that there are a wide variety of modes of intervention

有多种方式干预

that we could be using in Texas,

那我们可以用在得克萨斯州，并在每个其他州都不使用它们，

and in every other state that isn't using them,

in order to prevent a consequence that we all agree is bad.

为了防止我们都共同认为是不好的后果。

I'll just mention a few.

我得提一下几个。

I won't talk today about reforming the legal system.

我今天不会讨论关于司法制度改革。

That's probably a topic

这可能是一个最好的预留给满屋子的律师和法官的话题。

that is best reserved for a room full of lawyers and judges.

Instead, let me talk about a couple of modes of intervention

相反，让我谈一谈几个的干预模式

that we can all help accomplish,

我们可以所有帮助完成，

because they are modes of intervention that will come about

因为它们是将会出现的干预方式

when legislators and policymakers, when taxpayers and citizens,

当立法会议员和政策制定者，当纳税人和公民，

agree that that's what we ought to be doing

一致认为这是我们应该做什么

and that's how we ought to be spending our money.

而这是我们应该如何花自己的钱。

We could be providing early childhood care

我们可以提供早期儿童护理

帮助经济处于弱势和陷入其他困境的孩子们，

for economically disadvantaged and otherwise troubled kids,

and we could be doing it for free.

并且是免费的。

And we could be nudging kids like Will off of the path that we're on.

这样我们就可以改变像威尔这样的孩子们的命运。

There are other states that do that, but we don't.

已经其他州在这样做了，但我们还没有。

We could be providing special schools,

我们可以提供专门的学校，从高中

at both the high school level and the middle school level,

到初中，甚至是小学5年级的孩子，

but even in K-5,

that target economically and otherwise disadvantaged kids,

目标是帮助经济和其他方面处于不利地位的孩子，特别是

and particularly kids who have had exposure to the juvenile justice system.

已经触犯过

少年司法系统的孩子。

There are a handful of states that do that;

这正是几个州都在做的事 ；

Texas doesn't.

德克萨斯州并没有。

There's one other thing we can be doing -- well, there are a bunch of other things --

有一件事，是我们可以做的 — —

也许，有很多其他我们应该做的事情 — — 但是有一件事我们可以做的，

there's one other thing that I'm going to mention,

我也不得不在这里提一下，这也是今天唯一有

and this is going to be the only controversial thing that I say today.

争议的事。

We could be intervening much more aggressively

我们可以更加积极

的干预

into dangerously dysfunctional homes,

那些已经变得危险并功能失调的家庭，

and getting kids out of them

并把他们的孩子

before their moms pick up butcher knives and threaten to kill them.

在他们的妈妈拿起屠夫刀并威胁要杀死他们之前解救出来。

If we're going to do that, we need a place to put them.

如果我们要这样做，

我们需要地方安置他们。

Even if we do all of those things,

即使我们做到所有这些事，仍然会有一些孩子会被漏掉

some kids are going to fall through the cracks

and they're going to end up in that last chapter

然后他们在这谋杀的故事最后一章开始之前

before the murder story begins,

they're going to end up in the juvenile justice system.

最终在少年司法系统中结束。

即使发生这种情况，

And even if that happens, it's not yet too late.

它还不算太晚。

There's still time to nudge them,

仍有时间去改变他们的命运，

if we think about nudging them rather than just punishing them.

如果我们想帮助他们

而不是只惩罚他们。

There are two professors in the Northeast --

有两位教授在东北部地区 — — 个在耶鲁大学 — —一个在马里兰州

one at Yale and one at Maryland --

他们建立了一所学校

they set up a school that is attached to a juvenile prison.

该学校于一个少年监狱相连。

And the kids are in prison, but they go to school

孩子们虽然在狱中，但他们早上八点上课

from eight in the morning until four in the afternoon.

下午四点结束。

Now, it was logistically difficult.

逻辑上很难理解。

They had to recruit teachers who wanted to teach inside a prison,

他们需要招聘可以在监狱内教课的教师

他们建立了严格

they had to establish strict separation

between the people who work at the school and the prison authorities,

制度把在这所学校工作的人和监狱当局分离开，

最难的是，他们需要设计新的课程表，因为

and most dauntingly of all,

they needed to invent a new curriculum because you know what?

你知道？

People don't come into and out of prison on a semester basis.

这些人不可能以学期的基础上进出监狱。

(Laughter)

But they did all those things.

但他们做了所有这些事情。

Now, what do all of these things have in common?

所有这些事情有什么共同点？

What all of these things have in common is that they cost money.

这些事情的共同点是他们需要花钱。

Some of the people in the room might be old enough

这里的一些年纪够大的人可能还记得

to remember the guy on the old oil filter commercial.

曾经在机油滤清器商业广告上那个人。

He used to say, "Well, you can pay me now or you can pay me later."

他常说，"好吧，你现在可以支付我

或者您可以再付给我钱。“

What we're doing in the death penalty system

我们正在做什么

在死刑制度中

is we're paying later.

正是我们后付钱。

But the thing is that for every 15,000 dollars

但是事实是

我们每花 15000 美元越早帮助

that we spend intervening

in the lives of economically and otherwise disadvantaged kids

在经济和其他方面处于

in those earlier chapters,

不利地位的孩子们，

we save 80,000 dollars in crime-related costs down the road.

我们在与犯罪有关的费用中就可以节省 80,000 美元。

Even if you don't agree that there's a moral imperative that we do it,

即使您不同意

我们道德责任去做这些事，

它仍然有经济意义。

it just makes economic sense.

I want to tell you about the last conversation that I had with Will.

我想告诉你们我和威尔最后的谈话。

It was the day that he was going to be executed,

就是在他被执行死刑的那那天，

我们只是谈话。

and we were just talking.

There was nothing left to do in his case.

没有别的事情可以做了

在他的案子里。

And we were talking about his life.

我们谈论了他的一生。

And he was talking first about his dad, who he hardly knew, who had died,

首先，他谈到他的爸爸，一个他几乎不认识的人

而且已经死了，

然后关于他的妈妈，

and then about his mom, who he did know, who was still alive.

他知道，

还活着。

And I said to him,

我对他说，

"I know the story.

"我知道这个故事。

I've read the records.

我读过记录。

I know that she tried to kill you."

我知道她想杀了你"。

I said, "But I've always wondered

我说，"但是我一直在想是否你真的

whether you really actually remember that."

记得。

I said, "I don't remember anything from when I was five years old.

我说，"我不记得任何件事

从我五岁那年。

Maybe you just remember somebody telling you."

也许你只是记得有人告诉你。"

And he looked at me and he leaned forward,

他看着我然后俯身向前，

and he said, "Professor," --

说，"教授，"— — 他认识了我 12 年，仍然称我教授。

he'd known me for 12 years, he still called me Professor.

He said, "Professor, I don't mean any disrespect by this,

他说，"教授，我没有对你不尊重的意思，

but when your mama picks up a butcher knife

但当你的妈妈

拿起一把看上去比你还要大的屠刀，

that looks bigger than you are,

and chases you through the house screaming she's going to kill you,

并尖叫着在房间里追杀你，

and you have to lock yourself in the bathroom

你只能把你自己锁在浴室，靠着门

and lean against the door

and holler for help until the police get there,"

直到警察赶到才能得救，"

他看着我，说，

he looked at me and he said,

"that's something you don't forget."

"这是你永远忘不了的事。"

I hope there's one thing you all won't forget:

我希望你们都不会忘记一件事：

In between the time you arrived here this morning

从你今天早晨到达这里到午餐时间，

and the time we break for lunch,

在美国就有四个人

there are going to be four homicides in the United States.

被杀。

We're going to devote enormous social resources

我们投入了大量社会资源惩治这些

to punishing the people who commit those crimes,

犯下这些罪行的人，这是适当的，因为我们应惩罚

and that's appropriate

because we should punish people who do bad things.

做坏事的人。

但其中三起犯罪都是可以预防的。

But three of those crimes are preventable.

If we make the picture bigger

如果我们把眼光放的更远

and devote our attention to the earlier chapters,

同时关注早期的章节，

then we're never going to write the first sentence

然后我们就永远不会撰写出

that begins the death penalty story.

死刑故事开始的第一句。

Thank you.

谢谢。

（掌声）

(Applause)