Megan Kamerick: Women should represent women in media

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast

Prevodilac: Nikola Mitrovic Lektor: Mile Živković

Like most journalists, I'm an idealist.

Kao većina novinara i ja sam idealista.

I love unearthing good stories, especially untold stories.

Volim neistražene dobre priče, pogotovo neispričane.

I just didn't think that in 2011,

Prosto nisam mislila da će, u 2011,

women would still be in that category.

žene još uvek biti u toj kategoriji.

I'm the President of the Journalism and Women Symposium -- JAWS.

Ja sam predsednica Novinarskog i ženskog simpozijuma,

JAWS. To je Šarki. (Smeh)

That's Sharky.

(Laughter)

I joined 10 years ago because I wanted female role models,

Pridružila sam se pre 10 godina jer sam želela ženske uzore,

i bila sam frustrirana zbog zaostajanja položaja žena

and I was frustrated by the lagging status of women in our profession

u našoj profesiji i time šta je to značilo za naš ugled

and what that meant for our image in the media.

u medijima.

We make up half the population of the world,

Mi činimo polovinu svetske populacije,

but we're just 24 percent of the news subjects

ali smo samo u 24 procenta novinskih subjekata

quoted in news stories.

navedenih u vestima

And we're just 20 percent of the experts quoted in stories.

i mi smo samo 20 posto stručnjaka navedenih u pričama,

And now, with today's technology,

i sad, sa današnjom tehnologijom,

it's possible to remove women from the picture completely.

moguće je odstraniti žene sa slike u potpunosti.

This is a picture of President Barack Obama and his advisors,

Ovo je slika predsednika Baraka Obame

i njegovih savetnika, dok prate ubistvo Osame bin Ladena.

tracking the killing of Osama bin Laden.

You can see Hillary Clinton on the right.

Desno možete videti Hilari Klinton.

Pogledajmo kako se slika prikazala

Let's see how the photo ran

in an Orthodox Jewish newspaper based in Brooklyn.

u jednim jevrejskim novinama sa sedištem u Bruklinu.

Hillary's completely gone.

Nema Hilari. (Smeh)

(Laughter)

The paper apologized, but said it never runs photos of women;

Novine su se izvinile ali su rekli da

nikada ne prikazuju slike žena.

they might be sexually provocative.

One mogu biti seksualno provokativne. (Smeh)

(Laughter)

This is an extreme case, yes.

Ovo je ekstreman slučaj, da, ali činjenica je da

But the fact is,

su žene samo u 19 posto izvora

women are only 19 percent of the sources in stories on politics,

u pričama u vezi sa politikom

and only 20 percent in stories on the economy.

i u samo 20 posto u pričama u vezi sa ekonomijom.

Vesti nastavljaju da nam daju sliku gde muškarci

The news continues to give us a picture

nadmašuju žene u skoro svim profesionalni kategorijama

where men outnumber women

in nearly all occupational categories, except two:

osim u dve: učenice i domaćice. (Smeh)

students and homemakers.

(Laughter)

So we all get a very distorted picture of reality.

Dakle svi dobijamo veoma iskrivljenu sliku stvarnosti.

Problem je, naravno,

The problem is, of course, there aren't enough women in newsrooms.

što ne postoji dovoljno žena u novinarskim redakcijama.

They report at just 37 percent of stories in print, TV and radio.

One su izvestile samo 37 posto priča

u novinama, TV-u i na radiju.

Even in stories on gender-based violence,

Čak i u pričama o rodno zasnovanom nasilju,

muškarci dobijaju ogromnu većinu u štampanom prostoru

men get an overwhelming majority of print space and airtime.

i emitovanju.

Case in point:

U skladu sa tim,

This March, the New York Times ran a story by James McKinley

ovog marta, Njujork tajms objavljuje priču

Džejmsa Mekinlija o grupnom silovanju devojčice,

about a gang rape of a young girl,

11 years old, in a small Texas town.

od 11 godina, u malom gradu u Teksasu.

McKinley writes that the community is wondering,

Mekinli piše da se zajednica pita:

''Kako su njihovi momci mogli biti uvučeni u ovo?''

"How could their boys have been drawn into this?"

''uvučeni u ovo,'' kao da su bili

"Drawn into this" --

like they were seduced into committing an act of violence.

zavedeni u čin nasilnog dela.

And the first person he quotes says,

I prva osoba koju on citira kaže:

"These boys will have to live with this the rest of their lives."

''Ovi momci će morati da žive sa ovim ostatak svojih života''

(Groans, laughter)

(Publika reaguje, smeh)

You don't hear much about the 11-year-old victim,

Ne čujete mnogo o 11-ogodišnjoj žrtvi,

except that she wore clothes that were a little old for her

osim da je nosila odeću koja je bila malo starija za njen uzrast

i da je nosila šminku.

and she wore makeup.

The Times was deluged with criticism.

Tajms je bio preplavljen kritikama.

Initially, it defended itself,

Na početku, branio se, i rekao: ''Ovo nisu naši pogledi.

and said, "These aren't our views.

Ovo smo našli u našim izveštavanjima.''

This is what we found in our reporting."

Now, here's a secret you probably know already:

Sada, ovde je tajna koju verovatno već znate:

Your stories are constructed.

Vaše priče su konstruisane.

As reporters, we research, we interview.

Kao reporteri, istražujemo, intervjuišemo.

Pokušavamo da predstavimo dobru sliku stvarnosti.

We try to give a good picture of reality.

We also have our own unconscious biases.

Mi takođe imamo naše nesvesne pristrasnosti,

But The Times makes it sound like anyone would have reported this story

ali Tajms čini da to zvuči

kao da bi svako izveštavao o ovoj priči na isti ovaj način.

the same way.

I disagree with that.

Nisam saglasna sa tim.

Ttri sedmice kasnije, ponovo posećuju tu priču.

So three weeks later,

The Times revisits the story.

This time, it adds another byline to it with McKinley's:

Ovog puta, dodaje se još jedno ime Mekinlijevom:

Erika Gud.

Erica Goode.

What emerges is a truly sad, horrific tale

Iz ovoga nastaje istinski tužna, užasavajuća priča devojčice

of a young girl and her family trapped in poverty.

i njene porodice zarobljene u siromaštvu.

She was raped numerous times by many men.

Nju je više puta silovalo mnogo muškaraca.

She had been a bright, easygoing girl.

Bila je bistra, bezbrižna devojčica.

She was maturing quickly, physically,

Odrasla je brzo, fizički,

but her bed was still covered with stuffed animals.

ali je njen krevet još uvek bio prekriven plišanim lutkama.

It's a very different picture.

To je veoma drugačija slika.

Perhaps the addition of Ms. Goode is what made this story more complete.

Možda je dodatak gđice Gud

učinio ovu priču potpunijom.

The Global Media Monitoring Project has found that stories by female reporters

Globalni projekat monitoringa medija otkrio je da

priče žensih reportera češće

are more likely to challenge stereotypes than those by male reporters.

izazivaju predrasude nego one muških reportera.

At KUNM here in Albuquerque,

U KUNM-u ovde u Albukerkiju, Elejn Baumgartel

Elaine Baumgartel did some graduate research

uradila je neka diplomska istraživanja o pokrivenosti

on the coverage of violence against women.

nasilja protiv žena.

What she found was many of these stories tend to blame victims

Ono što je pronašla bilo je da većina ovih priča

ima težnju da krivi žrtve i potcenjuje njihove živote.

and devalue their lives.

They tend to sensationalize, and they lack context.

Skloni su da prave senzaciju i nedostaje im kontekst.

So for her graduate work,

Dakle za svoj diplomski rad, uradila je seriju iz tri dela

she did a three-part series on the murder of 11 women,

u vezi sa ubistvima 11 žena

found buried on Albuquerque's West Mesa.

koje su nađene zakopane u Zapadnoj Mesi u Albukerkiju.

She tried to challenge those patterns and stereotypes in her work

Ona je pokušala da izazove te šablone i stereotipe

u svom radu i pokušala je da pokaže sve izazove

and she tried to show the challenges that journalists face

sa kojima se novinari suočavaju, od spoljnih izvora,

from external sources, their own internal biases

svoje unutrašnje pristrasnosti i kulturnih normi,

and cultural norms.

And she worked with an editor at National Public Radio

i radila je sa urednikom na Nacionalnom javnom radiju

to try to get a story aired nationally.

da pokuša da priču emituje na nacionalnom nivou.

She's not sure that would have happened if the editor had not been a female.

Nije sigurna da li bi se to desilo

da urednik nije bila žena.

Stories in the news

Priče u vestima imaju duplo veće šanse

are more than twice as likely to present women as victims than men,

da predstave žene kao žrtve nego muškarce

and women are more likely to be defined by their body parts.

i žene će najverovatnije biti definisane

svojim delovima tela.

Wired magazine, November 2010.

Magazin Vajerd, novembar 2010.

Yes, the issue was about breast-tissue engineering.

Da, izdanje je bilo o inženjeringu tkiva dojki.

Now I know you're all distracted, so I'll take that off.

Znam da ste svi rastrojeni, pa ću skinuti to. (Smeh)

(Laughter)

Eyes up here.

Pogled gore. (Smeh)

(Laughter)

So --

Dakle - (Aplauz)

(Applause)

U ovome je stvar.

Here's the thing:

Wired almost never puts women on its cover.

Vajerd skoro nikada ne stavlja žene na svoju naslovnicu.

Oh, there have been some gimmicky ones --

Ah, bilo je nekih smicalica.

Pem iz The Office.

Pam from "The Office,"

Manga devojke.

manga girls,

a voluptuous model covered in synthetic diamonds.

Pohotljivi modeli prekriveni sintetičkim dijamantima.

Texas State University professor Cindy Royal wondered in her blog

Sindi Rojal, profesorka Teksaškog državnog univerzieta, upitala je

na svom blogu: ''Kako bi mlade žene kao što su njene studentkinje

how are young women like her students supposed to feel about their roles

trebalo da razmišljaju o svojim ulogama u tehnologiji tokom čitanja Vajerda?''

in technology, reading Wired.

Chris Anderson, the editor of Wired, defended his choice

Kris Anderson, urednik Vajerda, branio je svoj izbor

and said there aren't enough women, prominent women

i rekao, nema dovoljno žena, istaknutih žena

in technology to sell a cover, to sell an issue.

u tehnologiji da prodaju naslovnicu, da prodaju izdanje.

Part of that is true,

Deo ovoga je tačan.

there aren't as many prominent women in technology.

Ne postoji mnogo istaknutih žena u tehnologiji.

Here's my problem with that argument:

Evo mog problema sa tim argumentom.

Media tells us every day what's important,

Mediji nam svaki dan kazuju šta je važno,

by the stories they choose and where they place them;

pričama koje izaberu i time gde ih smeste.

it's called agenda setting.

To se zove postavka dnevnog reda.

How many people knew the founders of Facebook and Google

Koliko je ljudi znalo osnivače Fejsbuka

i Gugla pre nego što su njihova lica bila na naslovnicama magazina?

before their faces were on a magazine cover?

Putting them there made them more recognizable.

Stavljajući ih tamo učinili su ih prepoznatljivijima.

Now, Fast Company Magazine embraces that idea.

Časopis Fast Company sada prihvata tu ideju.

This is its cover from November 15, 2010.

Ovo je njihova naslovnica od 15. novembra 2010.

The issue is about the most prominent and influential women in technology.

Izdanje je o najistaknutijim i najuticajnijim ženama

u tehnologiji.

Editor Robert Safian told the Poynter Institute,

Urednik Robert Safian je rekao institutu Pojnter:

"Silicon Valley is very white and very male.

''Silicijumska dolina je veoma bele puti i veoma muški orijentisana,

But that's not what Fast Company thinks

ali Fast company ne misli da će poslovni svet

the business world will look like in the future,

tako izgledati u budućnosti, pa pokušava da da sliku

so it tries to give a picture of where the globalized world is moving."

gde se globalizovani svet kreće.''

By the way, apparently, Wired took all this to heart.

Uostalom, Vajerd je očigledno primio sve ovo k srcu.

Ovo je bilo aprilsko izdanje. (Smeh)

This was its issue in April.

(Laughter)

That's Limor Fried, the founder of Adafruit Industries,

To je Limor Frajd, osnivač Adafruit Industries,

in the Rosie the Riveter pose.

u pozi zakivačice Rouzi.

It would help to have more women in positions of leadership in media.

Pomoglo bi da ima više žena na liderskim pozicijama

u medijima. Nedavno globalno istraživanje otkrilo je

A recent global survey

found that 73 percent of the top media-management jobs

da 73% najboljih menadžment poslova u medijima

još uvek drže muškarci.

are still held by men.

But this is also about something far more complex:

Ali ovde je bitno nešto mnogo složenije:

our own unconscious biases and blind spots.

naše sopstvene nesvesne predrasude i mrtvi uglovi.

Shankar Vedantam is the author

Šankar Vedantam je autor knjige ''Skriveni mozak:

of "The Hidden Brain: How Our Unconscious Minds Elect Presidents,

Kako naša podsvest bira predsednike,

Control Markets, Wage Wars, and Save Our Lives."

kontroliše tržište, vodi ratove i čuva naše živote.''

He told the former ombudsman at National Public Radio,

On je rekao bivšem ombudsmanu

na Nacionalnom javnom radiju, koji je radio

who was doing a report on how women fare in NPR coverage,

izveštaj o tome kako žene prolaze u NPR reportažama,

unconscious bias flows throughout most of our lives.

nesvesne pristrasnosti protiču tokom naših života.

It's really difficult to disentangle those strands.

Veoma je teško razmrsiti te konce.

Ali on je imao jedan predlog.

But he did have one suggestion.

He used to work for two editors

On je radio za dva urednika koji tvrde

who said every story had to have at least one female source.

da svaka priča mora imati najmanje jedan ženski izvor.

On je odbijao, na početku, ali je konačno

He balked at first,

but said he eventually followed the directive happily,

zadovoljno sledio uputstva jer su njegove priče postale bolje

because his stories got better

i njegov posao je bio lakši.

and his job got easier.

Now, I don't know if one of the editors was a woman,

Ne znam da li je ijedan urednik bila žena,

but that can make the biggest difference.

ali to može napraviti najveću razliku.

The Dallas Morning News won a Pulitzer Prize in 1994

The Dallas Morning News je dobio Pulicerovu nagradu 1994.

za serijal koji su radili o ženama širom sveta,

for a series it did on women around the world,

but one of the reporters told me

ali jedna od reporterki mi je rekla da je ubeđena

she's convinced it never would have happened

da se to nikad ne bi desilo da nisu imali

if they had not had a female assistant foreign editor,

ženskog asistenta stranog urednika

and they would not have gotten some of those stories

i da ne bi dobili neke od tih priča

without female reporters and editors on the ground,

bez ženskih reportera i urednika na terenu,

particularly one on female genital mutilation --

a posebno onu o sakaćenju ženskih genitalija.

men would just not be allowed into those situations.

Muškarcima prosto ne može biti dozvoljen pristup tim situacijama.

This is an important point to consider,

Ovo je veoma važno uzeti u obzir,

because much of our foreign policy now revolves around countries

jer se mnogo naše spoljne politike sada vrti

oko država gde je postupanje sa ženama problem,

where the treatment of women is an issue,

kao što je Avganistan.

such as Afghanistan.

What we're told in terms of arguments against leaving this country

Ono što nam je rečeno po pitanju argumenata protiv napuštanja

ove zemlje je to što je sudbina žena prioritet.

is that the fate of the women is primary.

Now, I'm sure a male reporter in Kabul can find women to interview.

Sigurna sam da muški novinar u Kabulu može pronaći ženu za intervju.

Not so sure about rural, traditional areas,

Nisam baš sigurna za ruralne, tradicionalne sredine,

gde pretpostavljam da žene ne mogu razgovarati sa nepoznatim muškarcima.

where I'm guessing women can't talk to strange men.

It's important to keep talking about this, in light of Lara Logan.

Važno je nastaviti priču o ovome

imajući u vidu Laru Logan.

She was the CBS News correspondent

Ona je bila CBS-ova dopisnica koja je bila

who was brutally sexually assaulted in Egypt's Tahrir Square,

brutalno seksualno napadnuta u egipatskom Tahrir skveru

right after this photo was taken.

odmah nakon pravljenja ove fotografije.

Skoro odmah, stručnjaci

Almost immediately, pundits weighed in,

blaming her and saying things like,

su je okrivili i pričali stvari poput: ''Znate,

možda žene ne bi trebalo slati da pokrivaju te priče.''

"You know, maybe women shouldn't be sent to cover those stories."

I never heard anyone say this about Anderson Cooper and his crew,

Nisam nikad čula ikoga da kaže ovo o Andersonu Kuperu

who were attacked covering the same story.

i njegovom timu koji su bili napadnuti pokrivajući istu priču.

One way to get more women into leadership

Jedan način za dobijanje više žena u rukovodstvu

is to have other women mentor them.

je taj da im ostale žene budu mentori.

One of my board members is an editor at a major global media company,

Jedna od mojih članica odbora je urednica u velikoj

globalnoj medijskoj kompaniji, ali ona nikad nije pomislila o ovome

but she never thought about this as a career path,

until she met female role models at JAWS.

kao o karijeri dok se nije upoznala sa ženskim uzorima u JAWS-u.

But this is not just a job for super-journalists

Ali ovo nije samo posao za super-novinare

or my organization.

ili moju organizaciju. Svi vi imate udela u jakim,

You all have a stake in a strong, vibrant media.

živim medijima.

Analyze your news.

Analizirajte svoje vesti i govorite kad postoje praznine

And speak up when there are gaps missing in coverage,

koje nedostaju u pričama kao u Njujork tajmsu.

like people at The New York Times did.

Suggest female sources to reporters and editors.

Predložite ženske izvore novinarima i urednicima.

Remember -- a complete picture of reality may depend upon it.

Zapamtite, celokupna slika stvarnosti

može zavisiti od toga.

And I'll leave you with a video clip

I napustiću vas video klipom koji sam prvi put videla 1987.

that I first saw in [1987] when I was a student in London.

kada sam bila studentkinja u Londonu.

To je za novine Gardijan.

It's for The Guardian newspaper.

It's actually long before I ever thought about becoming a journalist,

To je zapravo bilo mnogo pre nego što sam čak i pomislila

da postanem novinar, ali sam bila veoma zainteresovana

but I was very interested in how we learn to perceive our world.

u to kako učimo da sagledavamo svet.

Narrator: An event seen from one point of view gives one impression.

Narator: Događaj gledan sa jedne tačke gledišta

daje jedan utisak.

Seen from another point of view,

Gledano sa druge tačke gledišta,

it gives quite a different impression.

daje sasvim drugačiji utisak.

But it's only when you get the whole picture,

Ali jedino kada uzmete u obzir celu sliku

you can fully understand what's going on.

možete potpuno razumeti šta se dešava.

[The Guardian]

''Gardijan.''

Megan Kamerick: I think you'll all agree

Megan Kamerik: Mislim da ste svi saglasni

that we'd be better off if we all had the whole picture.

da bi nam bilo bolje kada bismo svi imali potpunu sliku.