You aren't at the mercy of your emotions -- your brain creates them | Lisa Feldman Barrett

Translator: Lidija Zajec Reviewer: Nika Kotnik

My research lab sits about a mile from where several bombs exploded

Moj raziskovalni laboratorij je kako miljo stran od kraja, kjer so eksplodirale bombe

during the Boston Marathon in 2013.

med bostonskim maratonom leta 2013.

The surviving bomber, Dzhokhar Tsarnaev of Chechnya,

Preživelemu napadalcu, Dzokharju Tsarnaevu iz Čečenije

was tried, convicted and sentenced to death.

so sodili, ga spoznali za krivega in ga obsodili na smrt.

Now, when a jury has to make the decision

Ko se porota odloča

between life in prison and the death penalty,

med življenjem v zaporu in smrtno kaznijo

they base their decision largely on whether or not the defendant

se v velikem delu naslanja na vprašanje ali obtoženi

feels remorseful for his actions.

svoja dejanja obžaluje ali ne.

Tsarnaev spoke words of apology,

Tsarnaev se je za svoja dejanja opravičil,

but when jurors looked at his face,

toda, ko so ga porotniki gledali,

all they saw was a stone-faced stare.

so videli popolnoma brezizrazen obraz.

Now, Tsarnaev is guilty, there's no doubt about that.

Tsarnaev je kriv, o tem ni nobenega dvoma.

He murdered and maimed innocent people,

Umoril in poškodoval je nedolžne ljudi

and I'm not here to debate that.

in ne želim temu oporekati.

My heart goes out to all the people who suffered.

Čutim veliko sočutja do njegovih žrtev.

But as a scientist, I have to tell you

Toda kot znanstvenica vam moram povedati,

that jurors do not and cannot detect remorse

da porotniki ne morejo zaznati obžalovanja

or any other emotion in anybody ever.

ali katerega koli drugega čustva pri komerkoli.

Neither can I, and neither can you,

Tega ne zmorem niti jaz niti vi.

and that's because emotions are not what we think they are.

To pa zato, ker čustva niso kar mislimo da so.

They are not universally expressed and recognized.

Niso vedno enako izražena in prepoznana.

They are not hardwired brain reactions

Niso neke vnaprej določene reakcije možganov,

that are uncontrollable.

ki jih ni moč kontrolirati.

We have misunderstood the nature of emotion

Naravo čustev napačno razumemo

for a very long time,

že zelo dolgo časa.

and understanding what emotions really are has important consequences for all of us.

Razumeti, kaj čustva v resnici so ima zelo pomembne posledice za vse nas.

I have studied emotions as a scientist for the past 25 years,

Čustva proučujem kot znanstvenica že 25 let.

and in my lab, we have probed human faces by measuring electrical signals

V mojem laboratoriju merimo električne signale na človeških obrazih,

that cause your facial muscles to contract to make facial expressions.

ki povzročajo krčenje obraznih mišic in tako ustvarjajo izraze na obrazih.

We have scrutinized the human body in emotion.

Analiziramo človeško telo v različnih čustvenih stanjih.

We have analyzed hundreds of physiology studies

Pregledujemo stotine fizioloških študij,

involving thousands of test subjects.

ki zajemajo tisoče poskusov.

We've scanned hundreds of brains,

Skeniramo stotine možganov,

and examined every brain imaging study on emotion

pregledujemo vse študije o spremembah v možganih pri čustvih,

that has been published in the past 20 years.

izdane v zadnjih dvajsetih letih.

And the results of all of this research are overwhelmingly consistent.

Rezultati vsega tega raziskovalnega dela so neverjetno konsistentni.

It may feel to you like your emotions are hardwired

Morda se vam zdi, da so vaša čustva avtomatična in nespremenljiva,

and they just trigger and happen to you,

da se kar sprožijo in se vam zgodijo,

but they don't.

pa to ni res.

You might believe that your brain is prewired with emotion circuits,

Morda verjamete, da so vaši možgani vnaprej programirani s čustvenimi odzivi,

that you're born with emotion circuits, but you're not.

da ste že rojeni s čustvenimi kalupi, ampak niste.

In fact, none of us in this room have emotion circuits in our brain.

Nihče od nas nima vnaprej določenih čustvenih povezav v možganih.

In fact, no brain on this planet contains emotion circuits.

Še več, nobeni možgani na tem planetu nimajo takih čustvenih povezav.

So what are emotions, really?

Kaj torej so čustva?

Well, strap on your seat belt, because ...

No, pripnite si varnostne pasove, ker...

emotions are guesses.

čustva so ugibanja.

They are guesses that your brain constructs in the moment

So ugibanja, ki jih vaši možgani ustvarijo v trenutku,

where billions of brain cells are working together,

ko sodeluje bilijon možganskih celic

and you have more control over those guesses

in nad tem ugibanjem imate več kontrole

than you might imagine that you do.

kot si morda predstavljate.

Now, if that sounds preposterous to you, or, you know, kind of crazy,

Če vam to zveni neumno, mogoče celo noro,

I'm right there with you, because frankly, if I hadn't seen the evidence for myself,

tudi meni bi se tako zdelo, če ne bi sama videla dokazov,

decades of evidence for myself,

in to desetletja dokazov.

I am fairly sure that I wouldn't believe it either.

Kar prepričana sem, da tudi sama ne bi verjela.

But the bottom line is that emotions are not built into your brain at birth.

Toda ključno je, da čustva niso vgrajena v naše možgane ob rojstvu.

They are just built.

So samo zgrajena.

To see what I mean, have a look at this.

Da boste razumeli, poglejmo tole.

Right now, your brain is working like crazy.

Zdajle vaši možgani delajo kot nori.

Your neurons are firing like mad trying to make meaning out of this

Vaši nevroni se podijo naokoli, ko skušajo najti pomen te slike,

so that you see something other than black and white blobs.

da bi videli kaj drugega kot bele in črne lise.

Your brain is sifting through a lifetime of experience,

Vaši možgani filtrirajo vse življenjske izkušnje,

making thousands of guesses at the same time,

ponujajo na tisoče ugibanj naenkrat,

weighing the probabilities,

tehtajo možnosti,

trying to answer the question,

skušajo odgovoriti na vprašanje,

"What is this most like?"

"Čemu je to najbolj podobno?"

not "What is it?"

ne "Kaj je to?"

but "What is this most like in my past experience?"

pač pa "Čemu od mojih preteklih izkušenj je to najbolj podobno?"

And this is all happening in the blink of an eye.

In vse to se dogaja z blazno hitrostjo.

Now if your brain is still struggling to find a good match

Če se vaši možgani še vedno trudijo najti pametno razlago

and you still see black and white blobs,

pa še vedno vidite le črne in bele lise,

then you are in a state called "experiential blindness,"

ste v stanju, ki mu pravimo "izkustvena slepota."

and I am going to cure you of your blindness.

Ozdravila vas bom vaše slepote.

This is my favorite part. Are you ready to be cured?

To je moj najljubši del. Ste pripravljeni?

(Cheers)

(Navijanje)

All right. Here we go.

No, dobro. Takole.

(Gasps)

(Začudenje)

All right.

Dobro.

So now many of you see a snake,

Zdaj vas veliko vidi kačo.

and why is that?

Zakaj je tako?

Because as your brain is sifting through your past experience,

Ker, medtem ko so vaši možgani iskali skozi vaše pretekle izkušnje

there's new knowledge there,

je tu novo znanje,

the knowledge that came from the photograph.

znanje, ki je prišlo iz fotografije.

And what's really cool is that

In kar je res zanimivo je to,

that knowledge which you just acquired moments ago

da je znanje, ki ste ga pravkar osvojili,

is changing how you experience these blobs right now.

spremenilo vaše doživljanje teh lis.

So your brain is constructing the image of a snake

Vaši možgani sestavljajo sliko kače,

where there is no snake,

pa čeprav ni kače

and this kind of a hallucination

in takim prividom

is what neuroscientists like me call "predictions."

rečemo nevroznanstveniki "predvidevanja."

Predictions are basically the way your brain works.

Predvidevanja so način, na katerega delujejo možgani.

It's business as usual for your brain.

Za vaše možgane je to povsem običajno.

Predictions are the basis of every experience that you have.

Predvidevanja so osnova vseh vaših izkušenj.

They are the basis of every action that you take.

So osnova vsakega vašega dejanja.

In fact, predictions are what allow you to understand the words that I'm speaking

Predvidevanja vam omogočajo da razumete besede, ki jih govorim,

as they come out of my --

ko prihajajo iz mojih --

Audience: Mouth. Lisa Feldman Barrett: Mouth. Exactly.

Občinstvo: Ust. Lisa Feldman Barrett: Ust. Tako je.

Predictions are primal.

Predvidevanja so prvinska.

They help us to make sense of the world in a quick and efficient way.

Pomagajo nam razumeti svet na hiter in učinkovit način.

So your brain does not react to the world.

Vaši možgani torej ne reagirajo na svet.

Using past experience,

Na podlagi preteklih izkušenj,

your brain predicts and constructs

vaši možgani predvidevajo in gradijo

your experience of the world.

vaše izkustvo sveta.

The way that we see emotions in others are deeply rooted in predictions.

Zaznava čustev pri drugih prav tako temelji na predvidevanjih.

So to us, it feels like we just look at someone's face,

Zdi se nam, da le pogledamo nekoga

and we just read the emotion that's there in their facial expressions

in preberemo čustvo, ki ga izraža njegov obraz,

the way that we would read words on a page.

kot bi brali besede na papirju.

But actually, under the hood, your brain is predicting.

Toda, v resnici vaši možgani predvidevajo.

It's using past experience based on similar situations

Uporabljajo pretekle izkušnje iz podobnih situacij

to try to make meaning.

in skušajo najti pomen.

This time, you're not making meaning of blobs,

Tokrat ne skušate najti pomena lis,

you're making meaning of facial movements

ampak pomen premikov na obrazu,

like the curl of a lip or the raise of an eyebrow.

kot je na primer ukrivljena ustnica ali privzdignjena obrv.

And that stone-faced stare?

Kaj pa tisti brezizrazni obraz?

That might be someone who is a remorseless killer,

To bi lahko bil morilec brez obžalovanja,

but a stone-faced stare might also mean

a brezizrazni pogled lahko tudi pomeni,

that someone is stoically accepting defeat,

da nekdo stoično sprejema poraz,

which is in fact what Chechen culture prescribes for someone

kar, pravzaprav, čečenska kultura predpisuje nekomu

in Dzhokhar Tsarnaev's situation.

v situaciji Dzhokharja Tsarnaeva.

So the lesson here

Nauk tu je,

is that emotions that you seem to detect in other people

da čustva, za katere se zdi, da jih zaznavate pri drugih ljudeh,

actually come in part from what's inside your own head.

pravzaprav prihajajo delno iz vsebine vaših lastnih glav.

And this is true in the courtroom,

To velja tako na sodiščih,

but it's also true in the classroom,

kot tudi v učilnicah,

in the bedroom,

v spalnicah

and in the boardroom.

in v sejnih sobah.

And so here's my concern:

Skrbi me:

tech companies which shall remain nameless ...

tehnološka podjetja, ki jih ne bom imenovala...

well, maybe not.

no, ali pa.

You know, Google, Facebook --

Saj veste: Google, Facebook --

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

are spending millions of research dollars to build emotion-detection systems,

porabljajo milijone dolarjev za izgradnjo sistema, ki bi zaznaval čustva

and they are fundamentally asking the wrong question,

in pri tem se sprašujejo povsem napačno vprašanje,

because they're trying to detect emotions in the face and the body,

saj skušajo zaznavati čustva na obrazu in telesu,

but emotions aren't in your face and body.

vendar čustev na obrazu ali telesu ni.

Physical movements have no intrinsic emotional meaning.

Fizični gibi nimajo lastnega čustvenega pomena.

We have to make them meaningful.

Sami jim moramo dati pomen.

A human or something else has to connect them to the context,

Človek ali karkoli drugega jih mora povezati s kontekstom,

and that makes them meaningful.

potem šele dobijo pomen.

That's how we know that a smile might mean sadness

Tako vemo, da nasmeh lahko pomeni žalost

and a cry might mean happiness,

in jok lahko pomeni srečo

and a stoic, still face might mean

in stoičen, miren obraz mogoče pomeni,

that you are angrily plotting the demise of your enemy.

da jezno načrtujete propad svojega sovražnika.

Now, if I haven't already gone out on a limb,

Najbrž tem predpostavkam ni lahko kar tako verjeti,

I'll just edge out on that limb a little further and tell you

pa bom šla še malce dlje in vam povedala,

that the way that you experience your own emotion

da je način, kako doživljamo lastna čustva

is exactly the same process.

povsem enak proces.

Your brain is basically making predictions, guesses,

Vaši možgani v osnovi predvidevajo in ugibajo.

that it's constructing in the moment

Vse to počnejo v enem samem trenutku,

with billions of neurons working together.

v katerem sodelujejo bilijoni nevronov.

Now your brain does come prewired to make some feelings,

Vaši možgani sicer imajo predispozicije za nekatera občutja,

simple feelings that come from the physiology of your body.

preprosta občutja, ki izhajajo iz fiziologije telesa.

So when you're born,

Že ko se rodimo,

you can make feelings like calmness and agitation,

imamo lahko občutja, kot so umirjenost ali vznemirjenost,

excitement, comfort, discomfort.

navdušenje, ugodje, nelagodje.

But these simple feelings are not emotions.

Toda ta preprosta občutja niso čustva.

They're actually with you every waking moment of your life.

Ta občutja so z nami v vsakem budnem trenutku življenja.

They are simple summaries of what's going on inside your body,

So preprosti povzetki tega, kar se dogaja v naših telesih,

kind of like a barometer.

podobno kot barometer.

But they have very little detail,

Vsebujejo pa zelo malo podrobnosti.

and you need that detail to know what to do next.

Podrobnosti pa potrebujemo, da bi vedeli, kaj storiti.

What do you about these feelings?

Kaj naj storimo s temi občutji?

And so how does your brain give you that detail?

In kako nam možgani priskrbijo te podrobnosti?

Well, that's what predictions are.

No, to pa so predvidevanja.

Predictions link the sensations in your body

Predvidevanja povežejo zaznave iz telesa,

that give you these simple feelings

ki nam dajo ta preprosta občutja

with what's going on around you in the world

s tem, kar se dogaja v svetu okoli nas,

so that you know what to do.

tako da vemo, kaj narediti.

And sometimes,

Včasih

those constructions are emotions.

so to, kar nam ponudijo možgani, čustva.

So for example, if you were to walk into a bakery,

Na primer, če se nameniš v pekarno,

your brain might predict that you will encounter

tvoji možgani lahko predvidijo, da boš naletel na

the delicious aroma of freshly baked chocolate chip cookies.

krasen vonj sveže pečenih čokoladnih piškotov.

I know my brain would predict

Moji možgani bi predvidevali

the delicious aroma of freshly baked chocolate cookies.

krasen vonj sveže pečenih čokoladnih piškotov.

And our brains might cause our stomachs to churn a little bit,

Možgani lahko povzročijo, da nas malce zvije v trebuhu,

to prepare for eating those cookies.

da se pripravimo na pojedino teh piškotov.

And if we are correct,

Če smo imeli prav

if in fact some cookies have just come out of the oven,

in nas zares pričaka vonj sveže pečenih piškotov,

then our brains will have constructed hunger,

bodo naši možgani ustvarili lakoto.

and we are prepared to munch down those cookies

Pa smo pripravljeni pozobati

and digest them in a very efficient way,

in prebaviti piškote na zelo učinkovit način,

meaning that we can eat a lot of them,

kar pomeni, da jih lahko pojemo mnogo,

which would be a really good thing.

kar bi bilo res super.

You guys are not laughing enough. I'm totally serious.

Ne smejete se dovolj. Sem popolnoma resna.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

But here's the thing.

Toda, takole je.

That churning stomach,

Enako zvijanje po trebuhu,

if it occurs in a different situation,

če bi se pojavilo v drugi situaciji,

it can have a completely different meaning.

bi lahko pomenilo nekaj povsem drugega.

So if your brain were to predict a churning stomach

Če bi vaši možgani predvidevali na osnovi zvijanja v trebuhu

in, say, a hospital room while you're waiting for test results,

na primer v bolnišnici, ko čakate na rezultate testa,

then your brain will be constructing dread

bodo vaši možgani ustvarili grozo,

or worry or anxiety,

zaskrbljenost ali strah

and it might cause you to, maybe,

in bodo povzročili, morda

wring your hands

da si boste meli roke,

or take a deep breath or even cry.

ali da boste globoko vdihnili ali celo zajokali.

Right? Same physical sensation, same churning stomach,

Enaka fizična zaznava, zvijanje po trebuhu,

different experience.

različna izkušnja.

And so the lesson here

Lekcija vsega tega je,

is that emotions which seem to happen to you

da čustva, ki se zdi, da se nam zgodijo,

are actually made by you.

pravzaprav ustvarimo sami.

You are not at the mercy of mythical emotion circuits

Nismo prepuščeni na milost in nemilost mitoloških čustvenih poti,

which are buried deep inside some ancient part of your brain.

ki so zakopane nekje v starem delu možganov.

You have more control over your emotions

Nad svojimi čustvi imamo več kontrole

than you think you do.

kot si mislimo.

I don't mean that you can just snap your fingers

Ne pravim, da lahko le zamahnemo z roko

and change how you feel the way that you would change your clothes,

in spremenimo svoje počutje, kot lahko zamenjamo obleko,

but your brain is wired

ampak, možgani delujejo tako,

so that if you change the ingredients that your brain uses to make emotion,

da če spremenimo sestavine, iz katerih možgani ustvarijo čustvo,

then you can transform your emotional life.

lahko spremenimo svoje čustveno življenje.

So if you change those ingredients today,

Če boste torej sestavine spremenili danes,

you're basically teaching your brain how to predict differently tomorrow,

boste pravzaprav učili svoje možgane, da bodo v bodoče drugače predvidevali

and this is what I call being the architect of your experience.

in temu se reče biti arhitekt svojih izkušenj.

So here's an example.

Poglejmo primer.

All of us have had a nervous feeling before a test, right?

Vsi smo že imeli živčne občutke pred testom, kajne?

But some people experience crippling anxiety before a test.

Toda nekateri ljudje doživljajo pravo paralizo zaradi tesnobe pred testom.

They have test anxiety.

Imajo grozen strah.

Based on past experiences of taking tests,

Na podlagi preteklih izkušenj pri testih,

their brains predict a hammering heartbeat,

njihovi možgani predvidevajo razbijajoče srce,

sweaty hands,

potne roke,

so much so that they are unable to actually take the test.

do te mere, da se sploh niso sposobni udeležiti testa.

They don't perform well,

Ne gre jim dobro,

and sometimes they not only fail courses but they actually might fail college.

ne le, da ne opravijo kakšnega predmeta, lahko celo ne dokončajo šolanja.

But here's the thing:

Toda,

a hammering heartbeat is not necessarily anxiety.

razbijajoče srce ne pomeni nujno strahu.

It could be that your body is preparing to do battle

Lahko pomeni, da se vaše telo pripravlja na boj

and ace that test ...

in potem opravite test z odliko

or, you know, give a talk

ali, na primer, imate govor

in front of hundreds of people on a stage where you're being filmed.

pred stotinami ljudi, na odru, kjer te povrh vsega še snemajo.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

I'm serious.

Resno mislim.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

And research shows that when students learn

Raziskave kažejo, da ko se študenti naučijo

to make this kind of energized determination

ustvariti to močno odločnost

instead of anxiety,

namesto strahu,

they perform better on tests.

jim gre bolje pri testih.

And that determination seeds their brain to predict differently in the future

Ta odločnost preusmerja njihove možgane, da bodo v prihodnje predvidevali drugače,

so that they can get their butterflies flying in formation.

da jim bodo njihovi živčni občutki lahko drugače služili.

And if they do that often enough,

Če jim to uspe dovolj pogosto,

they not only can pass a test

ne le, da bodo zmogli opraviti test,

but it will be easier for them to pass their courses,

pač pa jim bo tudi lažje opraviti predmete,

and they might even finish college,

morda celo dokončati študij,

which has a huge impact on their future earning potential.

kar ima ogromne posledice na njihove bodoče možnosti zaslužka.

So I call this emotional intelligence in action.

Temu pravim čustvena inteligenca na delu.

Now you can cultivate this emotional intelligence yourself

To čustveno inteligenco lahko negujete sami

and use it in your everyday life.

in jo uporabljate v vašem vsakdanu.

So just, you know,

Primer.

imagine waking up in the morning.

Ravno se prebujate zjutraj.

I'm sure you've had this experience. I know I have.

Prepričana sem, da ste to že doživeli. Jaz sem.

You wake up and as you're emerging into consciousness,

Zbudite se in ko se pričnete zavedati

you feel this horrible dread,

se vas poloti groza.

you know, this real wretchedness,

Saj veste, tista prava stiska.

and immediately, your mind starts to race.

Vaše misli takoj začnejo hiteti.

You start to think about all the crap that you have to do at work

Spomnite se na vse stvari, ki jih morate opraviti v službi,

and you have that mountain of email

na goro e-mailov,

which you will never dig yourself out of ever,

skozi katere se ne boste nikoli prebili,

the phone calls you have to return,

na vse klice, ki jih morate opraviti,

and that important meeting across town,

na pomemben sestanek na koncu mesta,

and you're going to have to fight traffic,

morali se boste prebijati skozi promet,

you'll be late picking your kids up,

otroke boste pobrali prepozno,

your dog is sick, and what are you going to make for dinner?

pes je bolan in kaj boste skuhali za večerjo?

Oh my God.

O, bog.

What is wrong with your life?

Kaj je narobe z vašim življenjem?

What is wrong with my life?

Kaj je narobe z mojim življenjem?

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

That mind racing is prediction.

Vse te misli so predvidevanja.

Your brain is searching to find an explanation

Vaši možgani iščejo razlago

for those sensations in your body that you experience as wretchedness,

za občutja v vašem telesu, ki jih zaznavamo kot stisko,

just like you did with the blobby image.

podobo kot pri sliki z lisami.

So your brain is trying to explain what caused those sensations

Vaši možgani skušajo najti razlago kaj je povzročilo ta občutja,

so that you know what to do about them.

da boste vedli, kaj ukreniti glede tega.

But those sensations

Toda ta občutja

might not be an indication that anything is wrong with your life.

niso nujno znak, da je nekaj narobe z vašim življenjem.

They might have a purely physical cause.

Lahko imajo popolnoma fizičen vzrok.

Maybe you're tired.

Mogoče ste utrujeni.

Maybe you didn't sleep enough.

Mogoče niste dovolj spali.

Maybe you're hungry.

Mogoče ste lačni.

Maybe you're dehydrated.

Mogoče ste dehidrirani.

The next time that you feel intense distress,

Naslednjič, ko boste občutili močno nelagodje,

ask yourself:

se vprašajte:

Could this have a purely physical cause?

Ima to lahko popolnoma fizičen vzrok?

Is it possible that you can transform

Bi bilo mogoče, da spremenite

emotional suffering into just mere physical discomfort?

čustveno trpljenje v navadno fizično nelagodje?

Now I am not suggesting to you

Ne pravim vam,

that you can just perform a couple of Jedi mind tricks

da se lahko z nekaj triki pretentamo

and talk yourself out of being depressed

in nismo več depresivni

or anxious or any kind of serious condition.

ali anksiozni ali se rešimo kakšne druge resne motnje.

But I am telling you

Ampak pravim,

that you have more control over your emotions than you might imagine,

da imate več kontrole nad lastnimi čustvi kot si morda mislite

and that you have the capacity

in da lahko

to turn down the dial on emotional suffering

zmanjšate intenzivnost čustvenega trpljenja

and its consequences for your life

in njegovih posledic na vaše življenje,

by learning how to construct your experiences differently.

tako da se naučite drugače zgraditi svoje izkušnje.

And all of us can do this

Vsi to zmoremo.

and with a little practice, we can get really good at it,

Z nekaj vaje lahko postanemo celo zelo dobri v tem.

like driving.

Kot pri učenju vožnje.

At first, it takes a lot of effort,

Sprva je težko,

but eventually it becomes pretty automatic.

potem pa postane avtomatsko.

Now I don't know about you,

Za vas ne vem,

but I find this to be a really empowering and inspiring message,

toda zame je to zelo navdihujoče sporočilo, ki mi daje moč

and the fact that it's backed up by decades of research

in dejstvo, da je podprto z desetletji raziskav

makes me also happy as a scientist.

me osrečuje tudi kot znanstvenico.

But I have to also warn you that it does come with some fine print,

Moram pa vas posvariti na drobni tisk.

because more control also means more responsibility.

Več kontrole pomeni tudi več odgovornosti.

If you are not at the mercy of mythical emotion circuits

Če nismo prepuščeni mitološkim čustvenim predispozicijam,

which are buried deep inside your brain somewhere

ki so zakopane nekje globoko v naših možganih

and which trigger automatically,

in se sprožijo avtomatsko,

then who's responsible,

kdo je potem odgovoren,

who is responsible when you behave badly?

kdo je odgovoren za neprimerno vedenje?

You are.

Vi sami.

Not because you're culpable for your emotions,

Ne, ker ste krivi svojih čustev,

but because the actions and the experiences that you make today

pač pa, ker bodo dejanja in izkušnje, ki jih ustvarjate danes,

become your brain's predictions for tomorrow.

postala predvidevanja vaših možganov v prihodnosti.

Sometimes we are responsible for something

Včasih smo odgovorni za stvari

not because we're to blame

ne ker smo krivi,

but because we're the only ones who can change it.

pač pa ker smo edini, ki jih lahko spremenimo.

Now responsibility is a big word.

Odgovornost je težka beseda.

It's so big, in fact,

Tako težka,

that sometimes people feel the need to resist the scientific evidence

da včasih ljudje čutimo potrebo po ugovarjanju znanstvenim dokazom,

that emotions are built and not built in.

da so čustva zgrajena, ne pa vgrajena vnaprej.

The idea that we are responsible for our own emotions

Ideja, da smo odgovorni za svoja čustva,

seems very hard to swallow.

se zdi zelo težko prebavljiva.

But what I'm suggesting to you is you don't have to choke on that idea.

Toda predlagam vam, da se ne trudite preveč s tem.

You just take a deep breath,

Da le globoko vdihnete,

maybe get yourself a glass of water if you need to,

si morda vzamete kozarec vode, če ga potrebujete

and embrace it.

in jo sprejmete.

Embrace that responsibility,

Sprejmite to odgovornost,

because it is the path to a healthier body,

ker je pot k bolj zdravemu telesu

a more just and informed legal system,

k pravičnejšemu pravnemu sistemu

and a more flexible and potent emotional life.

in k prožnejšemu ter bogatejšemu čustvenemu življenju.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Aplavz)