You aren't at the mercy of your emotions -- your brain creates them | Lisa Feldman Barrett

2,184,074 views ใƒป 2018-01-23

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Sujee Cho ๊ฒ€ํ† : TJ Kim
00:12
My research lab sits about a mile from where several bombs exploded
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์ œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‹ค์€ 2013๋…„ ๋ณด์Šคํ†ค ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค์˜ ํญํƒ„์ด ํ„ฐ์ง„ ๊ณณ์—์„œ
00:17
during the Boston Marathon in 2013.
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๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
The surviving bomber, Dzhokhar Tsarnaev of Chechnya,
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์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์€ ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์ธ ์ฒด์ฒธ ๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ์˜ ์กฐํ•˜๋ฅด ์ฐจ๋ฅด๋‚˜์˜ˆํ”„๋Š”
00:24
was tried, convicted and sentenced to death.
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์‚ฌํ˜• ์„ ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
Now, when a jury has to make the decision
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๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด๊ธฐ์ง•์—ญ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํ˜• ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ
00:31
between life in prison and the death penalty,
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๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ๋•Œ
00:34
they base their decision largely on whether or not the defendant
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ํ”ผ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ์ธ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ํ›„ํšŒํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ์—
00:39
feels remorseful for his actions.
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๋งŽ์ด ์ขŒ์šฐ๋˜๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
Tsarnaev spoke words of apology,
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์ฐจ๋ฅด๋‚˜์˜ˆํ”„๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ
00:44
but when jurors looked at his face,
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๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›๋‹จ์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
all they saw was a stone-faced stare.
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์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋Š๋ผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ์–ผ๊ตด์„์š”.
00:52
Now, Tsarnaev is guilty, there's no doubt about that.
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์ฐจ๋ฅด๋‚˜์˜ˆํ”„๋Š” ์œ ์ฃ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ด๊ฒฌ์€ ์—†์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
00:55
He murdered and maimed innocent people,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฌด๊ณ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‚ดํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
and I'm not here to debate that.
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์œ ์ฃ„์ธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ† ๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ˆ์š”.
01:01
My heart goes out to all the people who suffered.
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๊ณ ํ†ต ๋ฐ›์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์œ„๋กœ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๊ฑด๋„ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
But as a scientist, I have to tell you
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋กœ์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
that jurors do not and cannot detect remorse
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๋ฐฐ์‹ฌ์›๋‹จ์€ ํ”ผ๊ณ ์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด์—์„œ ํ›„ํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
or any other emotion in anybody ever.
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๊ทธ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฐ์ •๋„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์š”.
01:16
Neither can I, and neither can you,
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์ € ์—ญ์‹œ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
and that's because emotions are not what we think they are.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
They are not universally expressed and recognized.
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๊ฐ์ •์€ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณตํ†ต๋˜๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„๋˜๊ณ  ์ธ์‹๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
They are not hardwired brain reactions
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๋‡Œ๋ผ๋Š” ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด์— ์ €์žฅ๋˜์–ด
01:30
that are uncontrollable.
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์กฐ์ ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
We have misunderstood the nature of emotion
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ
01:35
for a very long time,
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๊ฐ์ •์˜ ์„ฑ์งˆ์„ ์˜คํ•ดํ•ด์™”๊ณ 
01:37
and understanding what emotions really are has important consequences for all of us.
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๊ฐ์ •์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์˜คํ•ดํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
I have studied emotions as a scientist for the past 25 years,
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋กœ์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ 25๋…„๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
and in my lab, we have probed human faces by measuring electrical signals
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‹ค์—์„œ ์ „๊ธฐ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋กœ ์–ผ๊ตด์˜ ๊ทผ์œก์„ ์›€์ง์—ฌ
01:53
that cause your facial muscles to contract to make facial expressions.
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ํ‘œ์ •์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
We have scrutinized the human body in emotion.
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๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์‹ ์ฒด๋„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
We have analyzed hundreds of physiology studies
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ”ผ์‹คํ—˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ
02:05
involving thousands of test subjects.
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๊ฐœ ์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
We've scanned hundreds of brains,
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์ง€๋‚œ 20๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ถœํŒ๋œ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ์Šค์บ”ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
02:09
and examined every brain imaging study on emotion
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๊ฐ์ •๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‡Œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
that has been published in the past 20 years.
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02:15
And the results of all of this research are overwhelmingly consistent.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ผ์น˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
It may feel to you like your emotions are hardwired
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๊ฐ์ •์ด ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์†์— ์ €์žฅ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด
๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ผ์ • ์กฐ๊ฑด ํ•˜์— ๋ฐœ๋™๋˜์–ด ํ‘œํ˜„๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๊ปด์ง€์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
02:27
and they just trigger and happen to you,
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02:30
but they don't.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
You might believe that your brain is prewired with emotion circuits,
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๋‡Œ์— ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฐ์ • ํšŒ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์„ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ 
๊ฐ์ • ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ค์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
that you're born with emotion circuits, but you're not.
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02:41
In fact, none of us in this room have emotion circuits in our brain.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ค‘ ๊ทธ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๊ฐ์ • ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
In fact, no brain on this planet contains emotion circuits.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ ์–ด๋–ค ๋‡Œ๋„ ๊ฐ์ • ํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
So what are emotions, really?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฐ์ •์ด๋ž€ ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”?
02:55
Well, strap on your seat belt, because ...
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์•ˆ์ „๋ฒจํŠธ ๋‹จ๋‹จํžˆ ๋งค์„ธ์š”.
02:59
emotions are guesses.
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๊ฐ์ •์€ ์ง์ž‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
They are guesses that your brain constructs in the moment
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๊ฐ์ •์€ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‡Œ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‡Œ ์†์—์„œ
03:08
where billions of brain cells are working together,
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ํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
and you have more control over those guesses
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ง์ž‘๋“ค์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
than you might imagine that you do.
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03:19
Now, if that sounds preposterous to you, or, you know, kind of crazy,
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ํ„ฐ๋ฌด๋‹ˆ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ์นœ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:23
I'm right there with you, because frankly, if I hadn't seen the evidence for myself,
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์ € ์—ญ์‹œ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†”์งํžˆ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:27
decades of evidence for myself,
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋…„๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:29
I am fairly sure that I wouldn't believe it either.
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์ € ์—ญ์‹œ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
But the bottom line is that emotions are not built into your brain at birth.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด ๊ฐ์ •์€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
They are just built.
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๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:43
To see what I mean, have a look at this.
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์ด๊ฑธ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
03:46
Right now, your brain is working like crazy.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋‡Œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์นœ ๋“ฏ์ด ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
Your neurons are firing like mad trying to make meaning out of this
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์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์„ธํฌ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋ ค๊ณ  ๋ฐœ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ๋•€๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
so that you see something other than black and white blobs.
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ํ‘๋ฐฑ ์™ธ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋ ค๊ณ ์š”.
03:58
Your brain is sifting through a lifetime of experience,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋‡Œ๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๋“ค์„ ์ถ”๋ ค๋‚ด๋Š” ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
making thousands of guesses at the same time,
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๋™์‹œ์— ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ถ”์ธก๋“ค์„ ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:05
weighing the probabilities,
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ 
04:08
trying to answer the question,
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๋‹ค์Œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•˜๋ ค ์• ์“ฐ์ฃ .
04:09
"What is this most like?"
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"์ œ์ผ ์ •๋‹ต์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๊ฑด ๋ญ˜๊นŒ?"
04:12
not "What is it?"
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"์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ์ง€?"๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
04:13
but "What is this most like in my past experience?"
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"๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘์— ์ œ์ผ ๋น„์Šทํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ์ง€?"์˜ˆ์š”.
04:16
And this is all happening in the blink of an eye.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณผ์ •์ด ๋ˆˆ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊นœ๋นก์ด๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
Now if your brain is still struggling to find a good match
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
04:24
and you still see black and white blobs,
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ํ‘๋ฐฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฐ–์— ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:27
then you are in a state called "experiential blindness,"
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ "๊ฒฝํ—˜ ๋งน"์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
and I am going to cure you of your blindness.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š”.
04:35
This is my favorite part. Are you ready to be cured?
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์ผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด์ฃ . ์น˜์œ ๋  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
04:37
(Cheers)
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04:39
All right. Here we go.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
(Gasps)
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04:48
All right.
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์ž, ๋‹ค๋“ค ๋ณด์…จ์ฃ .
04:49
So now many of you see a snake,
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ฑ€์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
and why is that?
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๊นŒ์š”?
04:55
Because as your brain is sifting through your past experience,
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๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์ถ”๋ ค๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ
05:00
there's new knowledge there,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง€์‹์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
the knowledge that came from the photograph.
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์‚ฌ์ง„์—์„œ ์ถ”์ถœ๋œ ์ง€์‹์ด์ฃ .
05:04
And what's really cool is that
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๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ๊ฑด
05:06
that knowledge which you just acquired moments ago
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๊ทธ ์ง€์‹์ด ๊ฒจ์šฐ ๋ช‡ ์ดˆ ์ „์— ํš๋“๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
is changing how you experience these blobs right now.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:15
So your brain is constructing the image of a snake
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฑ€์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
05:18
where there is no snake,
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๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฑ€์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ธ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:20
and this kind of a hallucination
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ํ™˜์˜์€
05:23
is what neuroscientists like me call "predictions."
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์ €๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด "์˜ˆ์ธก"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
05:26
Predictions are basically the way your brain works.
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์˜ˆ์ธก์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
It's business as usual for your brain.
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๋‡Œ์˜ ์ผ์ƒ์ด์ฃ .
05:33
Predictions are the basis of every experience that you have.
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์˜ˆ์ธก์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
They are the basis of every action that you take.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ํ–‰๋™์˜ ๊ทผ์›์ด์ฃ .
05:39
In fact, predictions are what allow you to understand the words that I'm speaking
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์˜ˆ์ธก์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
as they come out of my --
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ
05:47
Audience: Mouth. Lisa Feldman Barrett: Mouth. Exactly.
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์ž…, ๋„ค, ์ž…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ์š”.
05:49
Predictions are primal.
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์˜ˆ์ธก์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
They help us to make sense of the world in a quick and efficient way.
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์˜ˆ์ธก์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
So your brain does not react to the world.
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๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
Using past experience,
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—™์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ
06:04
your brain predicts and constructs
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๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ณ 
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:07
your experience of the world.
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06:12
The way that we see emotions in others are deeply rooted in predictions.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ธก์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
So to us, it feels like we just look at someone's face,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ
06:20
and we just read the emotion that's there in their facial expressions
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๊ทธ ํ‘œ์ •์— ๊ฐ์ •์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฝ์œผ๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:24
the way that we would read words on a page.
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์ฑ…์žฅ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฝ๋“ฏ์ด์š”.
06:26
But actually, under the hood, your brain is predicting.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์ง„์งœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด์ฃ .
06:31
It's using past experience based on similar situations
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๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
06:35
to try to make meaning.
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์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
This time, you're not making meaning of blobs,
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ์–ผ๋ฃฉ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
06:39
you're making meaning of facial movements
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์–ผ๊ตด์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:42
like the curl of a lip or the raise of an eyebrow.
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์ž…์„ ์‚์ฃฝ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ˆˆ์‚ด์„ ์ฐŒํ‘ธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ์š”.
06:46
And that stone-faced stare?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ฌดํ‘œ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋…ธ๋ ค๋ดค๋˜ ๊ฑฐ์š”?
06:48
That might be someone who is a remorseless killer,
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๋ฌด์ž๋น„ํ•œ ์‚ด์ธ์ž์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
06:53
but a stone-faced stare might also mean
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๊ทธ ๋ฌดํ‘œ์ •์€ ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด
06:55
that someone is stoically accepting defeat,
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์นจ์ฐฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํŒจ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:58
which is in fact what Chechen culture prescribes for someone
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์ฒด์ฒธ์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ๋ฅด๋‚˜์˜ˆํ”„์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
07:02
in Dzhokhar Tsarnaev's situation.
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์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
So the lesson here
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ์˜ ๊ตํ›ˆ์€
07:08
is that emotions that you seem to detect in other people
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •์ด
07:12
actually come in part from what's inside your own head.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์†์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
And this is true in the courtroom,
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ฒ•์ •์—์„œ๋„
07:20
but it's also true in the classroom,
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๊ต์‹ค์—์„œ๋„
07:23
in the bedroom,
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์นจ์‹ค์—์„œ๋„
07:25
and in the boardroom.
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ํšŒ์˜์‹ค์—์„œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
And so here's my concern:
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ œ ๊ฑฑ์ •์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์ฃ .
07:30
tech companies which shall remain nameless ...
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” IT๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค...
07:34
well, maybe not.
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๋ญ, ์•„์‹ค ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
07:35
You know, Google, Facebook --
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๊ตฌ๊ธ€์ด๋‚˜ ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์—…์ด์š”.
07:36
(Laughter)
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07:40
are spending millions of research dollars to build emotion-detection systems,
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๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ • ํƒ์ง€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
and they are fundamentally asking the wrong question,
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๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋˜์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:48
because they're trying to detect emotions in the face and the body,
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์–ผ๊ตด๊ณผ ์‹ ์ฒด์— ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚œ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ํƒ์ง€ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
07:53
but emotions aren't in your face and body.
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๊ฐ์ •์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด๊ณผ ์‹ ์ฒด์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
07:57
Physical movements have no intrinsic emotional meaning.
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์‹ ์ฒด ํ™œ๋™์—๋Š” ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:03
We have to make them meaningful.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
08:05
A human or something else has to connect them to the context,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ์‹ ์ฒด ํ™œ๋™์ด๋‚˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด
08:09
and that makes them meaningful.
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์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
That's how we know that a smile might mean sadness
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์›ƒ์Œ์ด ์Šฌํ””์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„
08:16
and a cry might mean happiness,
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๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์ด ํ–‰๋ณต์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
and a stoic, still face might mean
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๋ฌดํ‘œ์ •ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ƒ‰์ •ํ•œ ์–ผ๊ตด์€
08:23
that you are angrily plotting the demise of your enemy.
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ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์„œ ์ ์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œ์ •์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
08:29
Now, if I haven't already gone out on a limb,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์„ ์„ ๋„˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:33
I'll just edge out on that limb a little further and tell you
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์ข€ ๋” ์•„์Šฌ์•„์Šฌํ•œ ์ค„ํƒ€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
that the way that you experience your own emotion
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ .
08:40
is exactly the same process.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
Your brain is basically making predictions, guesses,
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง์ž‘ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
08:47
that it's constructing in the moment
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต๊ฐœ์˜ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ
08:50
with billions of neurons working together.
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์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
Now your brain does come prewired to make some feelings,
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๋‡Œ์— ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๋Š๋‚Œ๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ์ƒˆ๊ฒจ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
simple feelings that come from the physiology of your body.
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์‹ ์ฒด์˜ ์ƒ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋Š๋‚Œ๋“ค์„์š”.
09:04
So when you're born,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚  ๋•Œ
09:05
you can make feelings like calmness and agitation,
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์ฐจ๋ถ„ํ•จ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•จ, ํฅ๋ถ„, ํŽธ์•ˆํ•จ, ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•จ๊ฐ™์€
09:10
excitement, comfort, discomfort.
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๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
09:13
But these simple feelings are not emotions.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋Š๋‚Œ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ์ •์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
They're actually with you every waking moment of your life.
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๋Š๋‚Œ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ˆˆ๋œจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งค์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:20
They are simple summaries of what's going on inside your body,
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์‹ ์ฒด ๋‚ด๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์š”์•ฝ์ง‘๊ฐ™์€ ์กด์žฌ์ฃ .
09:25
kind of like a barometer.
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์ง€ํ‘œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
09:27
But they have very little detail,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
09:30
and you need that detail to know what to do next.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
What do you about these feelings?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด ๋Š๋‚Œ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์„ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
09:35
And so how does your brain give you that detail?
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๋‡Œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ค„๊นŒ์š”?
09:37
Well, that's what predictions are.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:39
Predictions link the sensations in your body
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์˜ˆ์ธก์€ ์‹ ์ฒด์˜ ๊ฐ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด
09:42
that give you these simple feelings
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„
09:44
with what's going on around you in the world
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์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ์ผ๋“ค๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ง€์–ด์คŒ์œผ๋กœ์จ
09:46
so that you know what to do.
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๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
And sometimes,
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๊ฐ€๋”์€
09:49
those constructions are emotions.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์ด ๊ฐ์ •์ด์ฃ .
09:54
So for example, if you were to walk into a bakery,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋นต์ง‘์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
09:59
your brain might predict that you will encounter
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๋‡Œ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ“ ๊ตฌ์šด ์ดˆ์ฝ”์นฉ ์ฟ ํ‚ค์˜ ๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•œ ํ–ฅ์„ ๋งก๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ 
10:03
the delicious aroma of freshly baked chocolate chip cookies.
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์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
I know my brain would predict
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์ œ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„
10:09
the delicious aroma of freshly baked chocolate cookies.
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์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
10:11
And our brains might cause our stomachs to churn a little bit,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‡Œ๋Š” ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋’คํ‹€๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
10:14
to prepare for eating those cookies.
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์ฟ ํ‚ค๋ฅผ ๋จน์„ ๋Œ€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
And if we are correct,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๋งž๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:19
if in fact some cookies have just come out of the oven,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ฟ ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋ธ์—์„œ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋‚˜์™”๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:22
then our brains will have constructed hunger,
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๋‡Œ๋Š” ๊ตถ์ฃผ๋ฆผ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
and we are prepared to munch down those cookies
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฟ ํ‚ค๋ฅผ ์”น๊ณ 
ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์†Œํ™”ํ•  ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
10:29
and digest them in a very efficient way,
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10:32
meaning that we can eat a lot of them,
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๋งŽ์ด ๋จน์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก์š”.
10:33
which would be a really good thing.
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๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
10:36
You guys are not laughing enough. I'm totally serious.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์›ƒ์งˆ ์•Š์œผ์‹œ๋„ค์š”. ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ๋ง์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
10:38
(Laughter)
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10:42
But here's the thing.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:43
That churning stomach,
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๋’คํ‹€๋ฆฐ ์œ„์žฅ์ด์ฃ .
10:46
if it occurs in a different situation,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ด ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:48
it can have a completely different meaning.
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์ด๊ฑด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
So if your brain were to predict a churning stomach
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๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์œ„์žฅ์„ ๋’คํ‹€๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
10:53
in, say, a hospital room while you're waiting for test results,
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๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณ‘์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ด ๋ณด์ฃ .
10:58
then your brain will be constructing dread
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๋‡Œ๋Š” ๋‘๋ ค์›€๊ณผ ๊ฑฑ์ •, ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์„
11:01
or worry or anxiety,
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๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
and it might cause you to, maybe,
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ
11:07
wring your hands
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์†์„ ๋น„๋น„๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
11:10
or take a deep breath or even cry.
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ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ˜ธํกํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์šธ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ฃ .
11:13
Right? Same physical sensation, same churning stomach,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ๋’คํ‹€๋ฆฐ ์œ„์žฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ธ๋ฐ
11:18
different experience.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
11:20
And so the lesson here
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ตํ›ˆ์€
11:22
is that emotions which seem to happen to you
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๊ฐ์ •์ด ์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ
11:26
are actually made by you.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ƒˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
You are not at the mercy of mythical emotion circuits
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋‡Œ์˜ ์›์‹œ์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊นŠ์ˆ™์ด ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”
11:37
which are buried deep inside some ancient part of your brain.
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์‹ ํ™”์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ • ํšŒ๋กœ์˜ ์ž๋น„ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:42
You have more control over your emotions
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
11:45
than you think you do.
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๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
I don't mean that you can just snap your fingers
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์„ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ํŠ•๊ธฐ๋ฉด
11:49
and change how you feel the way that you would change your clothes,
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์˜ท์„ ๊ฐˆ์•„์ž…๋“ฏ ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
but your brain is wired
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๋‹ค๋งŒ ๋‡Œ๋Š” ์ง€์ •๋œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
11:56
so that if you change the ingredients that your brain uses to make emotion,
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๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์“ฐ๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์ค€๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:02
then you can transform your emotional life.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฐ์ • ์ƒํ™œ์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
12:06
So if you change those ingredients today,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ทธ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์ค€๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:09
you're basically teaching your brain how to predict differently tomorrow,
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๋‡Œ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด์ผ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:14
and this is what I call being the architect of your experience.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ํ™œ๋™์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ ์„ค๊ณ„์ž ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:20
So here's an example.
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์˜ˆ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
12:23
All of us have had a nervous feeling before a test, right?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‹œํ—˜ ์ „์— ๊ธด์žฅ ํ•ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
12:27
But some people experience crippling anxiety before a test.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜์ฃ .
12:32
They have test anxiety.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:35
Based on past experiences of taking tests,
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์‹œํ—˜์„ ์ณค๋˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ
12:40
their brains predict a hammering heartbeat,
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๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌ๋ฐ•์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ๋•€์ด ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์—ฌ
12:43
sweaty hands,
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12:44
so much so that they are unable to actually take the test.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์ž˜ ๋ชป์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:50
They don't perform well,
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์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
12:51
and sometimes they not only fail courses but they actually might fail college.
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์˜ ์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์  ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ๋‹ค๋‹ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:57
But here's the thing:
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”.
12:59
a hammering heartbeat is not necessarily anxiety.
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์ฟต์พ…๋Œ€๋Š” ์‹ฌ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ผญ ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•จ์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„์ผ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:02
It could be that your body is preparing to do battle
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์‹ ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์‹œํ—˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ „์Ÿ์„ ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
13:08
and ace that test ...
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์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ์ข‹์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ ค๊ณ ์š”.
13:10
or, you know, give a talk
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด, ๋…นํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
13:12
in front of hundreds of people on a stage where you're being filmed.
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๋ฌด๋Œ€ ์œ„์—์„œ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์–ด๋–ค๊ฐ€์š”?
13:16
(Laughter)
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13:17
I'm serious.
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์ง„์‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:19
(Laughter)
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13:21
And research shows that when students learn
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด
13:26
to make this kind of energized determination
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๋ถˆ์•ˆ ๋Œ€์‹ ์—
13:28
instead of anxiety,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ™œ๋™์ ์ธ ํˆฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
13:30
they perform better on tests.
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์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ๋” ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:33
And that determination seeds their brain to predict differently in the future
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ํˆฌ์ง€๋Š” ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด ์ฃผ๋Š” ์”จ์•—์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:38
so that they can get their butterflies flying in formation.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ดˆ์กฐํ•จ์ด ์ž˜ ๋Š๊ปด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:41
And if they do that often enough,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
13:43
they not only can pass a test
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์‹œํ—˜์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•  ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
13:46
but it will be easier for them to pass their courses,
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๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ํŒจ์Šคํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์›Œ์ง€๊ณ 
13:49
and they might even finish college,
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๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์กธ์—…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:52
which has a huge impact on their future earning potential.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์— ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์š”์†Œ์ฃ .
13:57
So I call this emotional intelligence in action.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ๊ฐ์„ฑ์ง€๋Šฅํ™œ๋™์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:01
Now you can cultivate this emotional intelligence yourself
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊ฐ์„ฑ ์ง€๋Šฅ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๊ณ 
14:05
and use it in your everyday life.
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์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:07
So just, you know,
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
14:09
imagine waking up in the morning.
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์•„์นจ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„์š”.
14:11
I'm sure you've had this experience. I know I have.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
14:13
You wake up and as you're emerging into consciousness,
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์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ์˜์‹์„ ์ฐพ์€ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„
14:16
you feel this horrible dread,
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๋”์ฐํ•œ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:19
you know, this real wretchedness,
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ํฐ ๋น„์ฐธํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ 
14:21
and immediately, your mind starts to race.
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์ฆ‰์‹œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์€ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:24
You start to think about all the crap that you have to do at work
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•œ ์ผ๋“ค๊ณผ
14:27
and you have that mountain of email
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๋์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
14:29
which you will never dig yourself out of ever,
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์‚ฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์Œ“์ธ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ๋“ค
14:32
the phone calls you have to return,
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ํšŒ์‹ ํ•ด์ค˜์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ „ํ™”๋“ค
14:34
and that important meeting across town,
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๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์งˆ๋Ÿฌ์„œ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํšŒ์˜
14:35
and you're going to have to fight traffic,
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๊ณง ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๊ฐ€๋‘ฌ๋ฒ„๋ฆด ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด์ฆ
14:37
you'll be late picking your kids up,
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์•„์ด๋“ค ํ•˜๊ต์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ง€๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ 
14:39
your dog is sick, and what are you going to make for dinner?
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๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์•„ํ”„๊ณ , ์ €๋…์€ ๋Œ€์ฒด ๋ญ˜ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ด?
์•„, ์‹ ์ด์‹œ์—ฌ.
14:42
Oh my God.
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14:43
What is wrong with your life?
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๋Œ€์ฒด ๋‹น์‹  ์‚ถ์€ ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ?
14:45
What is wrong with my life?
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๋Œ€์ฒด ๋‚ด ์‚ถ์€ ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ?
14:46
(Laughter)
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14:52
That mind racing is prediction.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋งˆ์Œ์˜ ํญ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:55
Your brain is searching to find an explanation
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๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๋น„์ฐธํ•จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
15:00
for those sensations in your body that you experience as wretchedness,
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์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
15:05
just like you did with the blobby image.
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์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด์š”.
15:10
So your brain is trying to explain what caused those sensations
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๋‡Œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:16
so that you know what to do about them.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
15:19
But those sensations
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ๊ฐ๊ฐ๋“ค์€
15:20
might not be an indication that anything is wrong with your life.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:24
They might have a purely physical cause.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์‹ ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ด์œ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
15:27
Maybe you're tired.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•œ ๊ฑธ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ฃ .
15:28
Maybe you didn't sleep enough.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
15:29
Maybe you're hungry.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ํ”Œ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
15:31
Maybe you're dehydrated.
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ํ˜น์‹œ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๊ฑฐ ์•„๋‹๊นŒ์š”?
15:33
The next time that you feel intense distress,
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๋‹ค์Œ๋ฒˆ์— ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ๊ดด๋กœ์›€์„ ๊ฒช์œผ๋ฉด
15:39
ask yourself:
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
15:41
Could this have a purely physical cause?
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์‹ ์ฒด ํ˜„์ƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
15:45
Is it possible that you can transform
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๊ฐ์ •์˜ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์‹ ์ฒด์˜ ๋ถˆํŽธ์œผ๋กœ
15:48
emotional suffering into just mere physical discomfort?
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๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ• ๊นŒ?
15:54
Now I am not suggesting to you
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๊ถŒํ•ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
15:56
that you can just perform a couple of Jedi mind tricks
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์ œ๋‹ค์ด์˜ ์ •์‹  ์†์ž„์ˆ˜๋‚˜ '์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์šฐ์šธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
15:59
and talk yourself out of being depressed
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16:02
or anxious or any kind of serious condition.
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋Š๋ผ์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์„ธ์š”'๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด
์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:07
But I am telling you
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐํžˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฑด๋Œ€
16:08
that you have more control over your emotions than you might imagine,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐ์ •์„ ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ž˜ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
16:12
and that you have the capacity
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ฐ์ •์  ๊ณ ํ†ต์˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
16:14
to turn down the dial on emotional suffering
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๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
16:17
and its consequences for your life
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๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์›€์œผ๋กœ์จ
16:19
by learning how to construct your experiences differently.
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๊ฐ์ •์  ๊ณ ํ†ต์ด ์‚ถ์— ๋ผ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:24
And all of us can do this
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์˜ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
16:25
and with a little practice, we can get really good at it,
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ํ•ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ธˆ๋ฐฉ ์ž˜ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:28
like driving.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์šด์ „์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
16:30
At first, it takes a lot of effort,
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
16:31
but eventually it becomes pretty automatic.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ž๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์›€์ง์ด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
16:35
Now I don't know about you,
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ
16:36
but I find this to be a really empowering and inspiring message,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ•œ ๋ง์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ณ ๋ฌด์ ์ธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:41
and the fact that it's backed up by decades of research
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋…„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
16:44
makes me also happy as a scientist.
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์ €๋ฅผ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋กœ์„œ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”.
16:47
But I have to also warn you that it does come with some fine print,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ์ƒˆ๊ฒจ์ง„ ์ฃผ์˜์‚ฌํ•ญ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:50
because more control also means more responsibility.
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๋” ํฐ ํ†ต์ œ๋ ฅ์€ ๋” ํฐ ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์„ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:57
If you are not at the mercy of mythical emotion circuits
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๊ฐ์ •์ด ๋‡Œ ์† ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€ ๊นŠ์ˆ™์ด ๋ฌปํ˜€ ์žˆ๋Š”
17:01
which are buried deep inside your brain somewhere
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์‹ ํ™” ์† ๊ฐ์ • ํšŒ๋กœ์˜ ์ž๋น„ ํ•˜์—์„œ
17:03
and which trigger automatically,
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์ž๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋ฉด
17:05
then who's responsible,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„์ผ๊นŒ์š”,
17:08
who is responsible when you behave badly?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋‚˜์œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์ž„์ ธ์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
17:12
You are.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:14
Not because you're culpable for your emotions,
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๊ฐ์ •์ ์ธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
17:17
but because the actions and the experiences that you make today
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์€
17:22
become your brain's predictions for tomorrow.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด์ผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ผ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:25
Sometimes we are responsible for something
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋น„๋‚œ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
17:28
not because we're to blame
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋งŒ์ด ๊ทธ ์ผ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์กด์žฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
17:31
but because we're the only ones who can change it.
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์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:35
Now responsibility is a big word.
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์ด์ œ ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์ด๋ž€ ๊ฒŒ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ๋‚˜์š”?
17:38
It's so big, in fact,
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์›Œ์„œ
17:39
that sometimes people feel the need to resist the scientific evidence
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€๋” ๊ฐ์ •์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€
ํƒ€๊ณ  ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์  ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:45
that emotions are built and not built in.
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17:50
The idea that we are responsible for our own emotions
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ ธ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์€
17:55
seems very hard to swallow.
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:59
But what I'm suggesting to you is you don't have to choke on that idea.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ๊ทธ ๊ฐœ๋…์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
18:02
You just take a deep breath,
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ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ˜ธํก์„ ๋“ค์ด๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ 
18:04
maybe get yourself a glass of water if you need to,
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ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฌผ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹  ๋’ค์—
18:07
and embrace it.
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๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:08
Embrace that responsibility,
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์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์„ธ์š”.
18:10
because it is the path to a healthier body,
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์‹ ์ฒด์™€ ์ •์˜๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๋ฒ• ์ฒด๊ณ„,
18:14
a more just and informed legal system,
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์ข€ ๋” ์œ ์—ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ•ํ•œ
๊ฐ์ • ์ƒํ™œ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:18
and a more flexible and potent emotional life.
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18:21
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:23
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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