Where does creativity hide? | Amy Tan

452,456 views ใƒป 2008-04-23

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Jeong-Lan Kinser ๊ฒ€ํ† : Yenah Lee
00:18
The Value of Nothing: Out of Nothing Comes Something.
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๋ฌด์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜: ๋ฌด์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
That was an essay I wrote when I was 11 years old
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์ €๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ 11์‚ด๋•Œ ์“ด ์—์„ธ์ด์˜€์ง€์š”.
00:26
and I got a B+. (Laughter)
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B+ ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค (์›ƒ์Œ).
00:28
What I'm going to talk about: nothing out of something, and how we create.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€: ๋ฌด์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ฐฝ์กฐํ•˜๋Š๋ƒํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
00:32
And I'm gonna try and do that within
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฑธ
00:34
the 18-minute time span that we were told to stay within,
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๊ทธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์•ˆ์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋ผ๊ณ  ์ง€์‹œ๋ฐ›์€ 18๋ถ„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋Œ€์•ˆ์—์„œ,
00:39
and to follow the TED commandments:
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๋˜ TED ๊ณ„๋ช…์„ ์ค€์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•ด๋ณด๋ ค ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ:
00:41
that is, actually, something that creates
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€
00:44
a near-death experience,
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์ฃฝ์Œ์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€๋งŒ,
00:46
but near-death is good for creativity.
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์ฃฝ์Œ์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์€ ์ฐฝ์กฐ์„ฑ์—๋Š” ์ข‹์•„์š”.
00:48
(Laughter) OK.
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(์›ƒ์Œ) ์˜ค์ผ€์ด.
00:52
So, I also want to explain,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์ €๋Š” ๋˜ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž˜์š”,
00:54
because Dave Eggers said he was going to heckle me
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด, ๋ฐ์ด๋ธŒ ์—๊ฑฐ(Dave Egger, ์ž‘๊ฐ€) ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
00:57
if I said anything that was a lie, or not true to universal creativity.
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๋ณดํŽธ์ ์ธ ์ฐฝ์กฐ์„ฑ์— ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ €๋ฅผ ์•ผ์œ ํ• ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
01:02
And I've done it this way for half the audience, who is scientific.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒญ์ค‘์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์ธ, ๊ณผํ•™์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
When I say we, I don't mean you, necessarily;
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์ œ๊ฐ€ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ'๋ผ๊ณ  ํ• ๋•Œ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ ,
01:09
I mean me, and my right brain, my left brain
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์ €๋Š” ์ €๋ฅผ, ์ €์˜ ์šฐ๋‡Œ ์™€ ์ขŒ๋‡Œ,
01:12
and the one that's in between that is the censor
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๋˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒ€์—ด๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด๋ฉด์„œ
01:14
and tells me what I'm saying is wrong.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ด์š”.
01:16
And I'm going do that also by looking at
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€
01:19
what I think is part of my creative process,
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์ €์˜ ์ฐฝ์กฐ์  ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด
01:22
which includes a number of things that happened, actually --
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋“ค์„ ํฌํ•จ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์š”.
01:25
the nothing started even earlier than the moment
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๊ทธ ๋ฌด๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”
01:28
in which I'm creating something new.
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๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ด์ „์— ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
01:31
And that includes nature, and nurture,
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ฒœ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ต์œก,
01:36
and what I refer to as nightmares.
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๋˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•…๋ชฝ๋“ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ผ์ปซ๋Š”๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
01:39
Now in the nature area, we look at whether or not
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์ด์ œ ์ฒœ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
01:43
we are innately equipped with something, perhaps
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๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๊ฐ–์ถ”์–ด์ ธ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€,
01:46
in our brains, some abnormal chromosome
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‘๋‡Œ์•ˆ์—์„œ, ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋น„์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ํฌ๋กœ๋…ธ์ข€์ด
01:49
that causes this muse-like effect.
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์ด ๋ฎค์ฆˆ๊ฐ™์€ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑด์•„๋‹Œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
And some people would say that we're born with it in some other means.
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์–ด๋–ค์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฒƒ์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ๋“ค์„ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณค ํ•˜๊ณ ,
01:59
And others, like my mother,
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์ €์˜ ์—„์•„๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ์ด๋“ค์€,
02:01
would say that I get my material from past lives.
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์ „์ƒ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ์žฌ๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
02:07
Some people would also say that creativity
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ์ด๋“ค์€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ ์ฐฝ์กฐ์„ฑ์ด
02:10
may be a function of some other neurological quirk --
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๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ์‹ ๊ฒฝํ•™์ ์ธ ๊ธ‰๋ณ€๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ผ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ --
02:15
van Gogh syndrome -- that you have a little bit of, you know, psychosis, or depression.
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๋ฐ˜ ๊ณ ํ ์ฆํ›„๊ตฐ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ--์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ์ด๋‚˜ ์ •์‹ ๋ณ‘์˜ ์ž‘์šฉ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
02:20
I do have to say, somebody -- I read recently
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผํ•  ๋ง์€, ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€
02:23
that van Gogh wasn't really necessarily psychotic,
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๋ฐ˜ ๊ณ ํ๊ฐ€ ๊ผญ ์ •์‹ ๋ณ‘์  ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ธฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”,
02:26
that he might have had temporal lobe seizures,
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋‡Œ ์ธก๋‘์—ฝ ๋ฐœ์ž‘์„ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ์„๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ ,
02:28
and that might have caused his spurt of creativity, and I don't --
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๋˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ฐฝ์กฐ์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์ถœ์‹œ์ผฐ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธ€์„์“ด๊ฑธ ์ฝ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
02:32
I suppose it does something in some part of your brain.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฐœ์ž‘์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋‘๋‡Œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ง์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
And I will mention that I actually developed
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ• ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
02:37
temporal lobe seizures a number of years ago,
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๋ช‡๋…„์ „์— ๋Œ€๋‡Œ ์ธก๋‘์—ฝ ๋ฐœ์ž‘์„ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:41
but it was during the time I was writing my last book,
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์š”์ „๋ฒˆ์˜ ์ฑ…์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜์ค‘์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
02:44
and some people say that book is quite different.
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์–ด๋–ค์ด๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ ์ฑ…์ด ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์š”.
02:48
I think that part of it also begins with a sense of identity crisis:
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ ์œ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค;
02:53
you know, who am I, why am I this particular person,
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์•„์‹œ์ž–์•„์š”, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ๊ฐ€? ์™œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ๊ฐ€,
02:57
why am I not black like everybody else?
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์™œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ‘์ธ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€?
03:02
And sometimes you're equipped with skills,
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์†œ์”จ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฐ–์ถ”์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๊ธดํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
03:04
but they may not be the kind of skills that enable creativity.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ฐฝ์กฐ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์ผ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์†œ์”จ๋“ค์€ ์•„๋‹์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:08
I used to draw. I thought I would be an artist.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณค ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:11
And I had a miniature poodle.
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์ €๋Š” ์†Œํ˜•์˜ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€ ํ‘ธ๋“ค์„ ๊ทธ๋ ธ์ฃ .
03:13
And it wasn't bad, but it wasn't really creative.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์กธ์ž‘์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
03:15
Because all I could really do was represent in a very one-on-one way.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ• ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ „๋ถ€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ์ •๋ง๋กœ 1 ๋Œ€ 1๋กœ ์žฌํ˜„ํ•œ๊ฒƒ ๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
03:20
And I have a sense that I probably copied this from a book.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฑ…์—์„œ ๋ฒ ๊ผˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
And then, I also wasn't really shining in a certain area that I wanted to be,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋‚˜์„œ๋Š” ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ ์ž ๋ฐ”๋žฌ๋˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋„ ๋‘๊ฐ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ ,
03:30
and you know, you look at those scores, and it wasn't bad,
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์ €๊ธฐ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ € ์ ์ˆ˜๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋‚˜์˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
03:34
but it was not certainly predictive that I would one day make
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์–ด๋“ค์˜ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฐํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ
03:38
my living out of the artful arrangement of words.
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์ œ ์ง์—…์„ ์‚ผ์„๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ธกํ• ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:42
Also, one of the principles of creativity is to have a little childhood trauma.
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๋˜, ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ์˜ ์›์น™๋“ค์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์‹œ์ ˆ์˜ ์ •์‹ ์ ์ธ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:48
And I had the usual kind that I think a lot of people had,
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์ €๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
03:52
and that is that, you know, I had expectations placed on me.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€, ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:56
That figure right there, by the way,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ € ํ˜•์ƒ์€,
03:59
figure right there was a toy given to me when I was but nine years old,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ € ํ˜•์ƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์•„ํ™‰์‚ด๋•Œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ›์€๊ฑด๋ฐ,
04:04
and it was to help me become a doctor from a very early age.
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์•„์ฃผ ์–ด๋ ธ์„๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋„๋ก ๋„์šฐ๋ ค๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:09
I have some ones that were long lasting: from the age of five to 15,
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์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋ž˜์ง€์†๋˜๋Š” ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ: ๋‹ค์„ฏ์‚ด๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์—ด ๋‹ค์„ฏ์‚ด๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€,
04:14
this was supposed to be my side occupation,
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์ด๊ฑด ์ €์˜ ๋ถ€์—…์ด ๋ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ถ”์ •๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
04:17
and it led to a sense of failure.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์‹คํŒจ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Œ์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:20
But actually, there was something quite real in my life
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ด๋„ค์‚ด๋•Œ ์ œ ์ผ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ •๋ง ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ์ ์ธ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
04:23
that happened when I was about 14.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ด๋„ค์‚ด๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
And it was discovered that my brother, in 1967, and then my father,
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์ €์˜ ์˜ค๋น ๊ฐ€, 1967๋…„์—, ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ์ €์˜ ์•„๋น ๊ฐ€
04:30
six months later, had brain tumors.
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์œก๊ฐœ์›” ์ดํ›„์— ๋‡Œ์ข…์–‘์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์–ด์š”.
04:32
And my mother believed that something had gone wrong,
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์ €์˜ ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜์–ด์กŒ๊ณ ,
04:37
and she was gonna find out what it was, and she was gonna fix it.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ . ๋˜ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๊ณ ์น˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
04:40
My father was a Baptist minister, and he believed in miracles,
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์ €์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ์นจ๋ก€๊ต ๋ชฉ์‚ฌ์˜€๊ณ  , ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ ๊ณผ,
04:44
and that God's will would take care of that.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋‹˜์ด ๊ทธ ๋‡Œ์ข…์–‘์„ ๋Œ๋ณผ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:47
But, of course, they ended up dying, six months apart.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌผ๋ก , ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์œก๊ฐœ์›”๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ฃฝ๊ฒŒ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:50
And after that, my mother believed that it was fate, or curses
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ๋Š”, ์ œ ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏฟ์€๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์šด๋ช…์ด์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์ €์ฃผ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:54
-- she went looking through all the reasons in the universe
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--๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ
04:57
why this would have happened.
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์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด์œ ๋“ค์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
Everything except randomness. She did not believe in randomness.
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๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„์„ฑ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์„์š”. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„์„ฑ์„ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
05:04
There was a reason for everything.
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๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์—๋Š” ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:06
And one of the reasons, she thought, was that her mother,
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋“ค์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”, ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ,
05:08
who had died when she was very young, was angry at her.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ์–ด๋ ธ์„๋•Œ ์ฃฝ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
05:13
And so, I had this notion of death all around me,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ๊ด€๋…์ด ์ €์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”
05:16
because my mother also believed that I would be next, and she would be next.
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์ œ ์—„๋งˆ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์Œ์ฐจ๋ก€์ผ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์Œ์ฐจ๋ก€์ผ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
05:21
And when you are faced with the prospect of death very soon,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ์ผ์ฐ ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ์ „๋ง์— ๋Œ€๋ฉดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด,
05:24
you begin to think very much about everything.
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๊ทธ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ฃ .
05:29
You become very creative, in a survival sense.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ƒ์กด์  ๊ฐ๊ฐ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์š”.
05:33
And this, then, led to my big questions.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ €์˜ ํฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค๋กœ ์ด๋Œ์ฃ .
05:37
And they're the same ones that I have today.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ’ˆ๊ณ ์žˆ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
05:40
And they are: why do things happen, and how do things happen?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€: ์™œ ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฐ€, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฐ€? ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
And the one my mother asked: how do I make things happen?
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๋˜ ์ œ ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌป๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€: ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ์ผ๋“ค์„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?
05:52
It's a wonderful way to look at these questions, when you write a story.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์“ธ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์ฃ .
05:57
Because, after all, in that framework, between page one and 300,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ, 1ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์™€ 300ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๋ณธํ‹€ ๋‚ด์—์„œ,
06:03
you have to answer this question of why things happen, how things happen,
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์™œ ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€, ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
06:07
in what order they happen. What are the influences?
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์–ด๋–ค ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ๊ทธ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€. ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ธ์ง€?
06:10
How do I, as the narrator, as the writer, also influence that?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ ˆ์ดํ„ฐ๋กœ์จ, ์ž‘๊ฐ€๋กœ์จ, ๋˜ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€?
06:14
And it's also one that, I think, many of our scientists have been asking.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•ด์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
It's a kind of cosmology, and I have to develop a cosmology of my own universe,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ก ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ์ €๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์ฐฝ์กฐ์ž๋กœ์„œ
06:24
as the creator of that universe.
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์ œ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ก ์„ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
And you see, there's a lot of back and forth
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๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์™”๋‹ค๊ฐ”๋‹ค ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
06:30
in trying to make that happen, trying to figure it out
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์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ 
06:33
-- years and years, oftentimes.
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โ€”์ข…์ข…์€ ์ˆ˜๋…„๋™์•ˆ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:37
So, when I look at creativity, I also think that it is this sense or this inability
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฐฝ์กฐ์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ• ๋•Œ๋Š”, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ์ธ์ง€, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ธ์ƒ์˜
06:44
to repress, my looking at associations in practically anything in life.
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ ์ง€์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑธ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ฃ .
06:48
And I got a lot of them during what's been going on
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
06:52
throughout this conference,
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์ด ์ปจํผ๋Ÿฐ์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๋งŽ์ด,
06:55
almost everything that's been going on.
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์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
06:57
And so I'm going to use, as the metaphor, this association:
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
07:01
quantum mechanics, which I really don't understand,
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์–‘์ž์—ญํ•™์„ ๋ฉ”ํƒ€ํฌ๋กœ์จ,
07:05
but I'm still gonna use it as the process
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ ๋ฉ”ํƒ€ํฌ๋ผ๋Š”๊ฑธ
07:07
for explaining how it is the metaphor.
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์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋ คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
So, in quantum mechanics, of course, you have dark energy and dark matter.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์–‘์ž์—ญํ•™์—์„œ๋Š” ์•”ํ‘ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์™€ ์•”ํ‘๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:18
And it's the same thing in looking at these questions of how things happen.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
There's a lot of unknown, and you often don't know what it is except by its absence.
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๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ถ€์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์ฃ .
07:28
But when you make those associations,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ๋งบ์œผ๋ฉด,
07:30
you want them to come together in a kind of synergy in the story,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ•ฉ์ณ์ง€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๊ณ ,
07:34
and what you're finding is what matters. The meaning.
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๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€์š”.
07:38
And that's what I look for in my work, a personal meaning.
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๊ทธ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ ์ผ์—์„œ ์ฐพ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
07:42
There is also the uncertainty principle, which is part of quantum mechanics,
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๋˜ ์–‘์ž์—ญํ•™์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ ๋ถˆํ™•์„ฑ์˜ ์›์น™์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
07:47
as I understand it. (Laughter)
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ฃ . (์›ƒ์Œ)
07:49
And this happens constantly in the writing.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:53
And there's the terrible and dreaded observer effect,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆ„๋ผ์น˜๊ณ  ๋ฌด์‹œ๋ฌด์‹œํ•œ ๊ด€์ฐฐ์ž์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
07:56
in which you're looking for something, and
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
07:58
you know, things are happening simultaneously,
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์ผ๋“ค์ด ๋™์‹œ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ ,
08:01
and you're looking at it in a different way,
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ ,
08:03
and you're trying to really look for the about-ness,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
or what is this story about. And if you try too hard,
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๋˜๋Š” ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์— ๊ด€ํ•œ๊ฑด์ง€ ๋ง์˜ˆ์š”. ๋˜ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ์• ์“ฐ๋ฉด,
08:11
then you will only write the about.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ ๋ฌด์—‡์— ๊ด€ํ•œ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋งŒ์„ ์“ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
08:14
You won't discover anything.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์–ด๋–ค๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
And what you were supposed to find,
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๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ์„๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ–ˆ๋˜๊ฒƒ์ด๋‚˜,
08:19
what you hoped to find in some serendipitous way,
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์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€,
08:22
is no longer there.
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์ด๋ฏธ ๋”์ด์ƒ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
08:25
Now, I don't want to ignore
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์ž, ์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ,
08:27
the other side of what happens in our universe,
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ํ’ˆ๊ณ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€
08:30
like many of our scientists have.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ๋ฉด์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•„์š”.
08:33
And so, I am going to just throw in string theory here,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ˆ์ด๋ก ์„ ๋˜์ ธ๋ณด๋ ค ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
08:36
and just say that creative people are multidimensional,
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์ฐฝ์กฐ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์ฐจ์›์ ์ด๊ณ ,
08:39
and there are 11 levels, I think, of anxiety.
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11๊ณ„์ธต์˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
08:43
(Laughter) And they all operate at the same time.
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(์›ƒ์Œ) ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ „๋ถ€๋‹ค ๋™์‹œ์— ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜์ฃ .
08:47
There is also a big question of ambiguity.
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๋˜ ๋ถˆํ™•์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
And I would link that to something called the cosmological constant.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฑธ (์•„์ธ์Šˆํƒ€์ธ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์˜) ์šฐ์ฃผ ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
And you don't know what is operating, but something is operating there.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
08:58
And ambiguity, to me, is very uncomfortable
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๊ทธ ๋ถˆํ™•์„ฑ์ด ์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ œ ์ผ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜๊ณ ,
09:02
in my life, and I have it. Moral ambiguity.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜์ฃ . ๋„๋•์  ๋ถˆํ™•์„ฑ.
09:05
It is constantly there. And, just as an example,
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์ž๋ฉด,
09:09
this is one that recently came to me.
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
09:12
It was something I read in an editorial by a woman
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์—ฌ์ž๊ฐ€
09:14
who was talking about the war in Iraq. And she said,
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์ด๋ž”์ „์Ÿ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ด ์“ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์€๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ,
09:18
"Save a man from drowning, you are responsible to him for life."
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โ€œ๋ฌผ์˜ˆ ๋น ์ง„์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๊ตฌํ•ด๋ผ, ๊ทธ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„์ด๋‹ค.โ€
09:21
A very famous Chinese saying, she said.
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๋งค์šฐ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ค‘๊ตญ์†๋‹ด์„, ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ,
09:24
And that means because we went into Iraq, we should stay there
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฝ์ „์Ÿ์— ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—,
09:28
until things were solved. You know, maybe even 100 years.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฒด๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ตฌ์š”.๋งŒ์•ฝ 100๋…„์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
09:32
So, there was another one that I came across,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ,
09:37
and it's "saving fish from drowning."
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๊ทธ๊ฑด โ€œ๋ฌผ์— ๋น ์ง„ ์ƒ์„ ์„ ์‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š”๊ฒƒโ€ ์ด์ฃ .
09:40
And it's what Buddhist fishermen say,
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ถˆ๊ต๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์žก์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ๊ฑด๋ฐ,
09:42
because they're not supposed to kill anything.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ค๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ฃฝ์ด๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋˜๊ณ .
09:45
And they also have to make a living, and people need to be fed.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ƒ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ ค์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋จน๊ณ  ์‚ด์•„์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•˜๊ณ .
09:48
So their way of rationalizing that is they are saving the fish from drowning,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ๋ฌผ์— ๋น ์ง„ ์ƒ์„ ์„ ์‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
09:52
and unfortunately, in the process the fish die.
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์ƒ์„ ์ด ์ฃฝ๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ .
09:55
Now, what's encapsulated in both these drowning metaphors
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๋ฌผ์— ๋น ์ง„ ๋ฉ”ํƒ€ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€
10:00
-- actually, one of them is my mother's interpretation,
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โ€”์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๊ทธ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ œ ์—„๋งˆ์˜ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ์ด๊ณ 
10:03
and it is a famous Chinese saying, because she said it to me:
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๊ทธ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ค‘๊ตญ์†๋‹ด์ธ๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ,
10:06
"save a man from drowning, you are responsible to him for life."
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โ€œ๋ฌผ์— ๋น ์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ฑด์ ธ์ค˜๋ผโ€”๋„ค๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์‚ถ์— ์ฑ…์ž„์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.โ€
10:09
And it was a warning -- don't get involved in other people's business,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ์˜€์ฃ โ€”๋‹ค๋ฅธ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ผ์— ๊ด€์„ญํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ๋ผ.
10:13
or you're going to get stuck.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“  ๊ณค๊ฒฝ์— ๋น ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
10:15
OK. I think if somebody really was drowning, she'd save them.
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์˜ค์ผ€์ด, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๋ฌผ์— ๋น ์กŒ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ œ ์—„๋งˆ๋Š” ๊ตฌํ• ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
But, both of these sayings -- saving a fish from drowning,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์†๋‹ด๋“ค ๋‘˜๋‹ค ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€, ๋ฌผ์— ๋น ์ง„ ์ƒ์„ ์„ ์‚ด๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋“ ,
10:23
or saving a man from drowning -- to me they had to do with intentions.
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๋ฌผ์— ๋น ์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด๋“ , ์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์˜๋„๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
And all of us in life, when we see a situation, we have a response.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
10:32
And then we have intentions.
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์˜๋„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
10:34
There's an ambiguity of what that should be that we should do,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค์ผ์„ ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์–ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•จ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ ,
10:39
and then we do something.
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๊ทธ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค์ผ์„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
10:41
And the results of that may not match what our intentions had been.
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜๋„ํ–ˆ๋˜๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ผ์น˜ํ• ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜ํ• ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
10:44
Maybe things go wrong. And so, after that, what are our responsibilities?
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์ผ์ด ์ž˜๋ชป ๋ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„์€ ๋ฌด์—ˆ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
10:49
What are we supposed to do?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?
10:51
Do we stay in for life,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•œ ์ผ๋งŒ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”,
10:53
or do we do something else and justify and say, well, my intentions were good,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •๋‹นํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, โ€œ๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚˜์˜ ์˜๋„๋Š” ์ข‹์•˜๊ณ ,
10:58
and therefore I cannot be held responsible for all of it?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ „๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฑ…์ž„์€ ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด?โ€ ๋งํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
11:04
That is the ambiguity in my life
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ œ ์ผ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ €๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง
11:06
that really disturbed me, and led me to write a book called
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ํ˜ผ๋ž€์‹œ๊ฒผ๋˜ ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•จ์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€
11:10
"Saving Fish From Drowning."
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โ€œ๋ฌผ์— ๋น ์ง„ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐโ€ ๋ผ๋Š” ์ฑ…์„ ์“ฐ๊ฒŒํ•œ ๋™๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌ์ฃ .
11:12
I saw examples of that. Once I identified this question, it was all over the place.
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์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ ธ์„๋•Œ, ๊ทธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋„์ฒ˜์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
11:19
I got these hints everywhere.
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๊ทธ ํžŒํŠธ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋“ ์ง€ ๋ณด์•˜์ฃ .
11:21
And then, in a way, I knew that they had always been there.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ, ์ผ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ํ•ญ์ƒ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”.
11:24
And then writing, that's what happens. I get these hints, these clues,
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ๊ธ€์„ ์“ฐ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ . ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ํžŒํŠธ๋“ค๊ณผ ์‹ค๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด,
11:27
and I realize that they've been obvious, and yet they have not been.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ–ˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ๋˜์ฃ .
11:34
And what I need, in effect, is a focus.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๊ฒƒ์€, ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ง‘์ค‘์ด์ฃ .
11:38
And when I have the question, it is a focus.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ ๋•Œ๋Š”, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง‘์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
And all these things that seem to be flotsam and jetsam in life actually go through
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์žก๋™์‚ฌ๋‹ˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ƒ
11:45
that question, and what happens is those particular things become relevant.
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๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด๊ฐ€๊ณ , ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
11:50
And it seems like it's happening all the time.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
11:52
You think there's a sort of coincidence going on, a serendipity,
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋งˆ์น˜ ์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ
11:55
in which you're getting all this help from the universe.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋„์›€์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์šฐ์—ฐํ•œ ํ–‰์šด๊ณผ ์ผ์น˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ข…๋ฅ˜๊ฐ™์€๊ฒŒ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
11:58
And it may also be explained that now you have a focus.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด์ œ ์ง‘์ค‘์„ ์–ป๊ฒŒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑธ ์„ค๋ช…ํ• ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
12:01
And you are noticing it more often.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋”์ž์ฃผ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์š”.
12:05
But you apply this.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ ์šฉํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
12:08
You begin to look at things having to do with your tensions.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์˜๋„๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
12:11
Your brother, who's fallen in trouble, do you take care of him?
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๊ณค๊ฒฝ์— ๋น ์ง„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋™์ƒ์„, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋Œ๋ณด๋‚˜์š”?
12:14
Why or why not?
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์™œ์š”? ์™œ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ ?
12:16
It may be something that is perhaps more serious
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์•„๋งˆ ๋”์šฑ๋” ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:20
-- as I said, human rights in Burma.
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โ€”์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๋ฒ„๋งˆ์˜ ์ธ๊ถŒ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
12:23
I was thinking that I shouldn't go because somebody said, if I did, it would show
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋ฉด,๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์˜ ๊ตฐ๋ถ€์ฒด์ œ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑธ
12:27
that I approved of the military regime there.
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๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์•„์•ผ ํ• ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
12:30
And then, after a while, I had to ask myself,
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๊ทธ๋‹ค์Œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ž๋‚ฌ์„๋•Œ, ์ €๋Š” ์ €์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
12:33
"Why do we take on knowledge, why do we take on assumptions
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โ€œ์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€์‹์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์ง€, ์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
12:35
that other people have given us?"
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•œ ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์ง€?โ€
12:38
And it was the same thing that I felt when I was growing up,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ผ๋ฉด์„œ ๋Š๊ผˆ๊ณ ,
12:41
and was hearing these rules of moral conduct from my father,
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์นจ๋ก€๊ต ๋ชฉ์‚ฌ์˜€๋˜ ์ œ ์•„๋น ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋˜ ๋„๋•์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™๋ฐฉ์นจ๋“ค๊ณผ
12:46
who was a Baptist minister.
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๊ฐ™์€๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
12:48
So I decided that I would go to Burma for my own intentions,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ œ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์˜ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฒ„๋งˆ์— ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
12:53
and still didn't know that if I went there,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ฑ…์„ ์ผ๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:56
what the result of that would be, if I wrote a book --
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ ์ง€๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ชฐ๋ž์–ด์š”
12:59
and I just would have to face that later, when the time came.
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โ€”๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์„๋•Œ ๋‹น๋ฉดํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
13:03
We are all concerned with things that we see in the world that we are aware of.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ฃ .
13:08
We come to this point and say, what do I as an individual do?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์ ์— ์ด๋ฅด๋Ÿฌ์„œ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ, ํ•œ๊ฐœ์ธ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋‚˜?
13:13
Not all of us can go to Africa, or work at hospitals,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ „๋ถ€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์— ๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†๊ณ , ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ ์ผํ• ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†๋Š”๋ฐ,
13:17
so what do we do, if we have this moral response, this feeling?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋„๋•์ ์ธ ๋ฐ˜์‘, ์ด ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋‚˜?
13:24
Also, I think one of the biggest things we are all looking at,
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๋˜, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ๊ฒƒ,
13:27
and we talked about today, is genocide.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ก ํ–ˆ๋˜๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์‚ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:30
This leads to this question.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋„๋•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถˆํŽธํ•œ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“ ์ผ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ• ๋•Œ๋ฉด
13:33
When I look at all these things that are morally ambiguous and uncomfortable,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Œ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
13:38
and I consider what my intentions should be,
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๋˜ ์ €์˜ ์˜๋„๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋กœ ์ด๋ค„์ ธ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋ฉด,
13:40
I realize it goes back to this identity question that I had when I was a child
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ธ์„๋•Œ ํ’ˆ๊ณ ์žˆ๋˜ ์ด ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ์•„๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑธ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์–ด์š”
13:45
-- and why am I here, and what is the meaning of my life,
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โ€”์™œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ณณ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋‚˜, ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€,
13:48
and what is my place in the universe?
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์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ์˜ ๋‚˜์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ ์–ด๋–ค๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€?
13:50
It seems so obvious, and yet it is not.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•œ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
13:53
We all hate moral ambiguity in some sense,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋„๋•์  ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•จ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
13:58
and yet it is also absolutely necessary.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
14:02
In writing a story, it is the place where I begin.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์“ธ๋•Œ๋Š”, ๊ทธ๊ณณ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ถœ๋ฐœ์ ์ด์ฃ .
14:06
Sometimes I get help from the universe, it seems.
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์ €๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ๋„์›€์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
14:10
My mother would say it was the ghost of my grandmother from the very first book,
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์ œ ์—„๋งˆ๋Š” ์ €์˜ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ฑ…๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ œ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์œ ๋ น์ด ๊ทธ ๋„์›€์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณค ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
14:13
because it seemed I knew things I was not supposed to know.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์•ผ ํ–ˆ์„๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
14:16
Instead of writing that the grandmother died accidentally,
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์ œ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ํ–ฅ๋ฝ์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
14:19
from an overdose of opium, while having too much of a good time,
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์•„ํŽธ์„ ๊ณผ๋‹ค๋ณต์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋œปํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ์ฃฝ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ,
14:22
I actually put down in the story that the woman killed herself,
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์ €๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์—ฌ์ธ์ด ์ž์‚ดํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ผ๋Š”๋ฐ,
14:27
and that actually was the way it happened.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
14:29
And my mother decided that that information must have come from my grandmother.
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์ œ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์ œ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:34
There are also things, quite uncanny,
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์„ ์“ฐ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ๋•๋Š”
14:37
which bring me information that will help me in the writing of the book.
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์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค์ฃผ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ด์ƒํ•œ์ผ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
14:41
In this case, I was writing a story
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์ด๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—์„œ๋Š”, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
14:43
that included some kind of detail, period of history, a certain location.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์–ด๋–ค ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ์„ธ๋ถ€์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ํฌํ•จ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
14:47
And I needed to find something historically that would match that.
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์ €๋Š” ๋˜ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ฉ์น˜์‹œํ‚ฌ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
14:50
And I took down this book, and I --
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด์ฑ…์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค์™€์„œ,
14:52
first page that I flipped it to was exactly the setting, and the time period,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํŽผ์นœ ๊ทธ ์ฒซ์žฅ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ทธ ์žฅ์†Œ์™€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋Œ€์˜€์–ด์š”.
14:58
and the kind of character I needed -- was the Taiping rebellion,
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์ œ๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ ์ธ๋ฌผ์€ ํƒœํ‰์ฒœ๊ตญ์˜ ๋‚œ์ด,
15:01
happening in the area near Guilin, outside of that,
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๊ด„๋ฆฐ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์˜ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์˜์—ญ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ.
15:05
and a character who thought he was the son of God.
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ํ•œ ์ธ๋ฌผ์ด ๊ทธ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์‹ ์˜ ์•„๋“ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”
15:08
You wonder, are these things random chance?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„์ ์ธ ํ–‰์šด์ธ๊ฐ€? ๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
15:11
Well, what is random? What is chance? What is luck?
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„์ ์ด์ฃ ? ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํšŒ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ํ–‰์šด์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
15:15
What are things that you get from the universe that you can't really explain?
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ๋˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
15:19
And that goes into the story, too.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
15:21
These are the things I constantly think about from day to day.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ผ๋งค์ผ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
15:24
Especially when good things happen,
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ๋•Œ,
15:26
and, in particular, when bad things happen.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋‚˜์œ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ๋•Œ.
15:30
But I do think there's a kind of serendipity,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ ,
15:32
and I do want to know what those elements are,
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๊ทธ ์›์†Œ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ค๊ฑธ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”.
15:35
so I can thank them, and also try to find them in my life.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ• ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก์ด์š”, ๋˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ œ ์ผ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ฐพ์„์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
15:40
Because, again, I think that when I am aware of them, more of them happen.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ๋‹ค์‹œ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ธ์‹ํ• ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋”์šฑ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
15:44
Another chance encounter is when I went to a place
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์šด์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๊ฐ”์„๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹คโ€”
15:48
-- I just was with some friends, and we drove randomly to a different place,
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์ €๋Š” ๋ช‡๋ช‡์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ ์šด์ „์„ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
15:52
and we ended up in this non-tourist location,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋น„๊ด€๊ด‘์ง€์ธ ์žฅ์†Œ์—,
15:56
a beautiful village, pristine.
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์•„์ฃผ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๋งˆ์„์ด๊ณ , ์ž์—ฐ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ์ธ๊ณณ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์ฃ .
15:58
And we walked three valleys beyond,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ณ„๊ณก์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ ๊ฑธ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
16:00
and the third valley, there was something quite mysterious and ominous,
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๊ทธ ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ณ„๊ณก์—, ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์‹ ๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๊ธธํ•œ,
16:03
a discomfort I felt. And then I knew that had to be [the] setting of my book.
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๋ถˆํŽธํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ์ €๋Š” ๋Š๊ผˆ์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ œ ์ฑ…์˜ ์„ค์ •์žฅ์†Œ์—ฌ์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ .
16:09
And in writing one of the scenes, it happened in that third valley.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ์ด ์žฅ๋ฉด๋“ค์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ, ๊ทธ ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ณ„๊ณก์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋˜ ์ผ์„์ผ์–ด์š”.
16:12
For some reason I wrote about cairns -- stacks of rocks -- that a man was building.
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์–ด๋–ค์ด์œ ์—์„ ๊ฐ€ ์ €๋Š” ํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž๊ฐ€ ์Œ“๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์„์ธตโ€”๋Œ๋ฌด๋”๊ธฐโ€”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:19
And I didn't know exactly why I had it, but it was so vivid.
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๋˜ ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์™œ ์ผ๋Š”์ง€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์„ ๋ช…ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
16:22
I got stuck, and a friend, when she asked if I would go for a walk with her dogs,
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์ €๋Š” ์–ด์ฐŒ ํ• ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ํ•œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์™€ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋Š๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์„๋•Œ,
16:27
that I said, sure. And about 45 minutes later,
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ํ”์พŒํžˆ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  45๋ถ„์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜์„œ,
16:30
walking along the beach, I came across this.
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ํ•ด๋ณ€์„๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ €๋Š” ์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ ์ด๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ถ”์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:34
And it was a man, a Chinese man,
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์ค‘๊ตญ์ธ์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ๋‚จ์ž๋Š”,
16:36
and he was stacking these things, not with glue, not with anything.
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์ด ๋Œ๋งน์ด๋“ค์„ ์Œ“๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”, ํ’€์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ , ์–ด๋–ค๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ .
16:39
And I asked him, "How is it possible to do this?"
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€, โ€œ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์Œ“๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ฃ ? ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ .
16:42
And he said, "Well, I guess with everything in life, there's a place of balance."
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ, โ€œ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค๊ฒƒ์ด๋“ ์ง€ ๊ท ํ˜•์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธก์ด ๋˜๋„ค์š”.โ€ ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
16:46
And this was exactly the meaning of my story at that point.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์ œ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ๊ทธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:51
I had so many examples -- I have so many instances like this, when I'm writing a story,
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์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ˆ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”โ€”์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์“ธ๋•Œ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ ,
16:56
and I cannot explain it.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์š”.
16:58
Is it because I had the filter that I have such a strong coincidence
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์“ฐ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์šฐ์—ฐ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”
17:02
in writing about these things?
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๋ณด์กฐ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
17:05
Or is it a kind of serendipity that we cannot explain, like the cosmological constant?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ์ฃผ์ƒ์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ํ–‰์šด์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
17:12
A big thing that I also think about is accidents.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜ ์ˆ™๊ณ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:15
And as I said, my mother did not believe in randomness.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ์ œ ์—„๋งˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
17:18
What is the nature of accidents?
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
17:20
And how are we going to assign what the responsibility and the causes are,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ๊ณผ,
17:24
outside of a court of law?
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๊ทธ ๋ฒ•์›์˜์—ญ๋ฐ–์˜ ์›์ธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
17:27
I was able to see that in a firsthand way,
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ธ,
17:30
when I went to beautiful Dong village, in Guizhou, the poorest province of China.
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๊ณผ์ด์ฃผ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๋™๋งˆ์„์— ๊ฐ”์„๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง์ ‘ ์ฒดํ—˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:36
And I saw this beautiful place. I knew I wanted to come back.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜์ฃ . ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”.
17:38
And I had a chance to do that, when National Geographic asked me
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด์…”๋„ ์ง€์˜ค๊ทธ๋ผํ”ฝ์ด ์ œ๊ฒŒ
17:41
if I wanted to write anything about China.
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์ค‘๊ตญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์„๋•Œ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
17:43
And I said yes, about this village of singing people, singing minority.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋…ธ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค, ๋…ธ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฏผ์กฑ์˜ ๋งˆ์„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์˜ˆ์Šค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ–ˆ์ฃ .
17:48
And they agreed, and between the time I saw this place and the next time I went,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ๋งˆ์„์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์Šน๋‚™ํ–ˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜์„๋•Œ์™€ ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ๋ฒˆ์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ”๋˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์—,
17:53
there was a terrible accident. A man, an old man, fell asleep,
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์†Œ๋ฆ„๋ผ์น˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ํ•œ ๋Š™์€๋…ธ์ธ์ด ๊นœ๋นก ์ž ์ด๋“ค์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
17:57
and his quilt dropped in a pan of fire that kept him warm.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ด๋ถˆ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์ผœ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ถˆํ™”๋•์— ๋น ๋œจ๋ ค์กŒ์–ด์š”.
18:00
60 homes were destroyed, and 40 were damaged.
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์ง‘ 60์ฑ„๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  40์ฑ„๊ฐ€ ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ์–ด์š”.
18:06
Responsibility was assigned to the family.
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์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์ด ๊ทธ ์ง‘์•ˆ์— ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋˜์–ด์กŒ์ฃ .
18:08
The man's sons were banished to live three kilometers away, in a cowshed.
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๊ทธ ๋‚จ์ž์˜ ์•„๋“ค๋“ค์€ 3 ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ์™ธ์–‘๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์‚ด๋„๋ก ์ถ”๋ฐฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:12
And, of course, as Westerners, we say, "Well, it was an accident. That's not fair.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์„œ์–‘์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ธ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ, โ€œ๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜€์–ด. ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ณตํ‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„.
18:16
It's the son, not the father."
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ทธ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๊ทธ ์•„๋“ค์ด์ž–์•„โ€ ๋ผ๊ณ ํ•˜์ฃ .
18:18
When I go on a story, I have to let go of those kinds of beliefs.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง€์†ํ•ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฏฟ์Œ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋‹จ๋…ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:24
It takes a while, but I have to let go of them and just go there, and be there.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ข€ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋‹จ๋…ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์กด์žฌํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•˜์ฃ .
18:28
And so I was there on three occasions, different seasons.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณ„์ ˆ์— ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:31
And I began to sense something different about the history,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ, ๊ทธ์ „์— ๋ฌด์Šจ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€์™€,
18:35
and what had happened before, and the nature of life in a very poor village,
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๊ทธ ์•„์ฃผ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ๋™๋„ค์—์„œ์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ,
18:39
and what you find as your joys, and your rituals, your traditions, your links
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ธฐ์จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ œ๋ก€์˜์‹์œผ๋กœ์จ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ „ํ†ต์œผ๋กœ์จ,
18:42
with other families. And I saw how this had a kind of justice, in its responsibility.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค๊ณผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ ๋“ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
18:52
I was able to find out also about the ceremony that they were using,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์—์„œ ์ •์˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€๋…”๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:57
a ceremony they hadn't used in about 29 years. And it was to send some men
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์ €๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ29๋…„๋™์•ˆ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜, ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ์˜์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ . ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช‡์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š”๊ฒƒ
19:05
-- a Feng Shui master sent men down to the underworld on ghost horses.
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โ€”ํŽญ์ˆ˜์ด ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ง€ํ•˜์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ง์œ ๋ น๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š”๊ฒƒ ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
19:09
Now you, as Westerners, and I, as Westerners,
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์ด์ œ ์„œ์–‘์ธ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€, ๋˜ ์„œ์–‘์ธ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ €๋Š”,
19:12
would say well, that's superstition. But after being there for a while,
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โ™ซโ€œ๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ฏธ์‹ ์ด์•ผโ€ ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ์–ด๋Š์ •๋„ ์ง€๋‚ธํ›„์—,
19:15
and seeing the amazing things that happened,
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๋ฌด์Šจ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ต‰์žฅํ•œ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ,
19:18
you begin to wonder whose beliefs are those that are in operation in the world,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์ด ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ
19:23
determining how things happen.
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๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋™์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ด ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
19:26
So I remained with them, and the more I wrote that story,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ฒด๋ฅ˜ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋” ์“ฐ๋ฉด ์“ธ์ˆ˜๋ก
19:29
the more I got into those beliefs, and I think that's important for me
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์— ๋ชฐ์ž…๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”
19:33
-- to take on the beliefs, because that is where the story is real,
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โ€”๊ทธ ๋ฏฟ์Œ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๋Š”๊ฒƒ, ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ •๋ง์ด๊ณ ,
19:36
and that is where I'm gonna find the answers
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ
19:38
to how I feel about certain questions that I have in life.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š”์ง€์˜ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์—ญ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
19:43
Years go by, of course, and the writing, it doesn't happen instantly,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌํ•ด๊ฐ€ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ณ , ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€์•Š์ฃ .
19:46
as I'm trying to convey it to you here at TED.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ TED์—์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
19:50
The book comes and it goes. When it arrives, it is no longer my book.
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์ฑ…์€ ์˜ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ฃ . ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ œ ์ฑ…์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:55
It is in the hands of readers, and they interpret it differently.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋…์ž๋“ค์˜ ์†์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ฑ…์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„ํ•˜์ฃ .
19:59
But I go back to this question of, how do I create something out of nothing?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€?
20:05
And how do I create my own life?
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๋˜ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ฐฝ์กฐํ•˜์ง€?
20:08
And I think it is by questioning,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ,
20:10
and saying to myself that there are no absolute truths.
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๋˜ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์ง„์‹ค์€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ œ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:15
I believe in specifics, the specifics of story,
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์ €๋Š” ํŠน์ •ํ•œ๊ฒƒ์„, ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์™€
20:19
and the past, the specifics of that past,
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๊ทธ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๊ณผ,
20:22
and what is happening in the story at that point.
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๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฏฟ์–ด์š”.
20:26
I also believe that in thinking about things --
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์ €๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ,
20:29
my thinking about luck, and fate, and coincidences and accidents,
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ํ–‰์šด, ์šด๋ช…, ์šฐ์—ฐ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ,
20:33
God's will, and the synchrony of mysterious forces --
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋‹˜์˜ ์˜์ง€์™€ ์‹ ๋น„ํ•œ ํž˜๋“ค์˜ ๊ณต์‹œ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์—์„œ,
20:37
I will come to some notion of what that is, how we create.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๋…์„ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:43
I have to think of my role. Where I am in the universe,
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ ์—ญํ• ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผํ•ด์š”. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์–ด๋Š๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€,
20:47
and did somebody intend for me to be that way, or is it just something I came up with?
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์˜๋„ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œํ‚จ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€?
20:52
And I also can find that by imagining fully, and becoming what is imagined --
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ƒ์ƒํ•œ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜์–ด์ง€๋Š”๊ฒƒ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ฐพ์„์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
21:00
and yet is in that real world, the fictional world.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ์„ธ๊ณ„๋‚ด์˜ ์ƒ์ƒ์ ์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ฃ .
21:03
And that is how I find particles of truth, not the absolute truth, or the whole truth.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์ง„์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ , ๋˜๋Š” ์ง„์‹ค์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ, ์ง„์‹ค์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:11
And they have to be in all possibilities,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ „์— ์ „ํ˜€ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜๊ฒƒ์„,
21:13
including those I never considered before.
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ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๋“ค๋‚ด์— ์กด์žฌํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:16
So, there are never complete answers.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
21:19
Or rather, if there is an answer, it is to remind
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๋˜๋Š” ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค, ๋งŒ์•ฝ์— ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
21:24
myself that there is uncertainty in everything,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์—๋Š” ๋ถˆํ™•์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„, ๋˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
21:28
and that is good, because then I will discover something new.
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์ข‹์€๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ํ™˜๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ . ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ• ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
21:33
And if there is a partial answer, a more complete answer from me,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์ธ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ œ๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋” ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€
21:37
it is to simply imagine.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
21:40
And to imagine is to put myself in that story,
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๋˜ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€ ์ €์ž์‹ ์„ ๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ์•ˆ์— ๋†“๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:44
until there was only -- there is a transparency between me and the story that I am creating.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋‹จ์ง€ โ€”์ €์™€ ๊ฒŒ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์ด์— ํˆฌ๋ช…์„ฑ๋งŒ์ด ๋‚จ์„๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€.
21:50
And that's how I've discovered that if I feel what is in the story
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋‚ด์— ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๋ฉด
21:56
-- in one story -- then I come the closest, I think,
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โ€”ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์—์„œโ€”๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ๋™์ •์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ,
22:02
to knowing what compassion is, to feeling that compassion.
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๊ทธ ๋™์ •์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„๋Š”๊ฒƒ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์ฃ .
22:06
Because for everything,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ,
22:08
in that question of how things happen, it has to do with the feeling.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Š๋‚Œ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
22:12
I have to become the story in order to understand a lot of that.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋งŽ์€๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
22:18
We've come to the end of the talk,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์—ฐ์„ค์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ์ด๋ฅด๋ €๋„ค์š”.
22:20
and I will reveal what is in the bag, and it is the muse,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:24
and it is the things that transform in our lives,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฎค์ฆˆ์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฉ‹์ง„๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด๊ณ 
22:27
that are wonderful and stay with us.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด๋Š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:37
There she is.
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๊ทธ๋…€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:38
Thank you very much!
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๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
22:40
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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