How to truly listen | Evelyn Glennie

エヴェリン・グレニーが「聴き方」について語る

2,507,624 views

2007-05-14 ・ TED


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How to truly listen | Evelyn Glennie

エヴェリン・グレニーが「聴き方」について語る

2,507,624 views ・ 2007-05-14

TED


下の英語字幕をダブルクリックすると動画を再生できます。

翻訳: Ai Kamimoto 校正: Yasushi Aoki
朝の9時からスネアドラムに
00:26
I'm not quite sure whether I really want to see a snare drum
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00:29
at nine o'clock or so in the morning.
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お目にかかりたいかは 悩むところですが…
00:31
(Laughter)
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00:33
But anyway, it's just great to see such a full theater,
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会場が満員なのは光栄です
00:37
and really, I must thank Herbie Hancock and his colleagues
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ハービー ハンコックと
メンバーの演奏も見事でしたね
00:40
for such a great presentation.
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00:43
(Applause)
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興味深かったのは
00:46
One of the interesting things, of course,
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楽器を弾く手とテクノロジーとの競演と
00:48
is the combination of that raw hand on the instrument and technology,
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"若い人たちに耳を傾けよう" という彼の話でした
00:55
and what he said about listening to our young people.
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01:00
Of course, my job is all about listening.
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私の仕事も 聴くことが全てで
01:05
And my aim, really, is to teach the world to listen.
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世界の人々に聴くことを教えるのが目的です
01:11
That's my only real aim in life.
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人生の唯一の目的と言えます
01:15
And it sounds quite simple, but actually, it's quite a big, big job.
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簡単に聞こえますが 実際はかなりの大仕事
01:21
Because you know, when you look at a piece of music, for example,
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なぜなら楽譜を見ると 例えば
01:26
if I just open my little motorbike bag --
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このバッグの中にある
01:31
we have here, hopefully,
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01:34
a piece of music that is full of little black dots on the page.
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楽譜は小さな黒い点だらけです
01:41
And, you know, we open it up ...
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広げて… 楽譜を読みます
01:47
And I read the music.
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01:49
So technically, I can actually read this.
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楽譜は もちろん読めます
01:54
I will follow the instructions, the tempo markings, the dynamics.
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速度や強弱など 指示に従い
01:58
I will do exactly as I'm told.
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書かれたとおりに演奏します
02:02
And so therefore, because time is short,
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それで… 時間が限られているので
02:06
if I just played you, literally, the first, maybe, two lines or so --
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仮に弾いたら…冒頭だけでも複雑な曲ではないと分かります
02:13
It's very straightforward; there's nothing too difficult about the piece.
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難しくはないけど
とても速い曲のようです
02:17
But here, I'm being told that the piece of music is very quick.
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叩く場所も 指示されてます
02:21
I'm being told where to play on the drum.
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02:24
I'm being told which part of the stick to use.
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スティックのどこを使うかも 書かれています
02:28
And I'm being told the dynamic.
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強弱も…
02:31
And I'm also being told that the drum is without snares.
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スネアをオフにしておくことも…
02:36
Snares on, snares off.
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これがオンで… これがオフ
02:39
So therefore, if I translate this piece of music,
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譜面通りに弾けば どんな曲か分かります
02:45
we have this idea.
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02:48
(Drum sounds)
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03:15
(Drum sounds end)
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03:18
And so on.
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こんな感じ… 5年もせずに職をなくすでしょう
03:19
My career would probably last about five years.
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03:23
(Laughter)
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03:24
However, what I have to do as a musician
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しかし譜面にないことをするのが 音楽家の仕事です
03:28
is do everything that is not on the music;
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03:32
everything that there isn't time to learn from a teacher,
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先生とのレッスンや
03:37
or to talk about, even, from a teacher.
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話し合いでは得られないことを…
03:41
But it's the things you notice when you're not actually with your instrument
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楽器から離れている時に 気付いたことを
03:46
that, in fact, become so interesting, and that you want to explore
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この小さなドラムの表面を使って
03:51
through this tiny, tiny surface of a drum.
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試していくんです
03:55
So there, we experience the translation.
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譜面通りに弾いたので 今度は解釈をしてみます
03:57
Now we'll experience the interpretation.
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04:02
(Drum sounds)
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04:43
(Drum sounds end)
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04:47
(Applause)
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これなら仕事として 少し長く続きそうです
04:55
Now my career may last a little longer.
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04:57
(Laughter)
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ある意味 人をみる時と同じことなんです
04:59
But in a way, you know, it's the same if I look at you
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05:02
and I see a nice, bright young lady with a pink top on.
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ピンクの服を着た素敵な女性が
05:06
I see that you're clutching a teddy bear, etc., etc.
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テディベアを抱えている…とか
05:10
So I get a basic idea as to what you might be about,
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どんな人かという基本的なことを知るんです
05:14
what you might like, what you might do as a profession, etc., etc.
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何をする人だろう…とか
05:19
However, that's just the initial idea I may have that we all get
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これは第一印象を基にしたことでしかありません
05:26
when we actually look and we try to interpret.
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それを解釈するんですが
05:29
But actually it's so unbelievably shallow.
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深い洞察ではない
05:31
In the same way, I look at the music; I get a basic idea;
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音楽も 楽譜から基本を理解し
05:34
I wonder what technically might be hard, or, you know, what I want to do.
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技術的に難しい点や 弾き方を考えます
05:39
Just the basic feeling.
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基本的なことですが
05:40
However, that is simply not enough.
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それでは不十分
05:43
And I think what Herbie said: please listen, listen.
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ハービーの言っていた "聴くこと" です
05:47
We have to listen to ourselves, first of all.
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まず自分自身に耳を傾けること
05:51
If I play, for example, holding the stick --
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もしスティックを握ったら… 力強く握りしめたら
05:55
where literally I do not let go of the stick --
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05:58
(Drum sound)
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06:00
you'll experience quite a lot of shock coming up through the arm.
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腕から かなりの衝撃が感じられます
06:04
And you feel really quite -- believe it or not --
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しかし 意外にも
06:07
detached from the instrument and from the stick,
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楽器やスティックとの一体感がない
06:10
even though I'm actually holding the stick quite tightly.
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ギュッと握っているにも関わらずです
06:14
(Drum sound)
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06:15
By holding it tightly, I feel strangely more detached.
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強く握るほど 距離が感じられるんです
06:19
If I just simply let go
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力を抜いと 手や腕を支えとして使うと
06:21
and allow my hand, my arm, to be more of a support system,
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06:26
suddenly --
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苦労せず もっと大きな音が出せるし
06:28
(Drum sound)
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06:30
I have more dynamic with less effort.
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06:33
Much more --
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06:34
(Drum sound)
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06:36
and I just feel, at last, one with the stick
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スティックやドラムと一体に感じられます
06:39
and one with the drum.
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06:41
And I'm doing far, far less.
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ずっと小さな力で
06:43
So in the same way that I need time with this instrument,
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楽器を知るのに時間が必要なように
06:46
I need time with people in order to interpret them.
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人を知るためにも時間が必要です
06:52
Not just translate them, but interpret them.
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表面上の理解を深めるために
06:54
If, for example, I play just a few bars of a piece of music
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曲を数小節 弾いてみましょう
07:02
for which I think of myself as a technician --
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技術者として…
07:07
that is, someone who is basically a percussion player --
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つまりパーカッション プレイヤーとして…
07:11
(Marimba sounds)
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07:22
(Marimba sounds end)
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07:24
And so on, if I think of myself as a musician --
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音楽家として弾くと…
07:28
(Marimba sounds)
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07:47
(Marimba sounds end)
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07:49
And so on.
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両者には 考えるに値する (会場: 拍手)
07:51
There is a little bit of a difference there that is worth just --
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07:55
(Applause)
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07:57
thinking about.
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若干の違いがあります
07:59
And I remember when I was 12 years old,
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私は12歳の時
08:02
and I started playing timpani and percussion,
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打楽器を始めましたが 先生に言われました
08:06
and my teacher said,
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08:08
"Well, how are we going to do this? You know, music is about listening."
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"どうしたものかな… 音楽は聴くことだからね"
08:14
And I said, "Yes, I agree with that, so what's the problem?"
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私は "そうですけど?" と聞き返しました
08:18
And he said, "Well, how are you going to hear this?
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"どうやってこれを聞くんだい? これは?"
08:21
How are you going to hear that?"
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08:22
And I said, "Well, how do you hear it?"
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私は "先生は?" と尋ねました
08:25
He said, "Well, I think I hear it through here."
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"耳を通して聞くよ" と言うので
08:29
And I said, "Well, I think I do too, but I also hear it through my hands,
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"私もそうですけど…それ以外に手や"
08:34
through my arms, cheekbones, my scalp,
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"腕 頬骨 頭 おなか 胸 脚でも聞きます" と答えました
08:37
my tummy, my chest, my legs and so on."
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08:41
And so we began our lessons every single time
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…毎回レッスンはドラムのチューニングからでした
08:45
tuning drums, in particular, the kettle drums, or timpani
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特にティンパニのチューニングから
08:49
to such a narrow pitch interval, so something like --
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このぐらいの狭い音程からです
08:55
(Marimba sounds)
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それから少しずつ 少しずつ…
09:00
that of a difference.
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09:01
Then gradually:
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09:02
(Marimba sounds)
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09:03
And gradually:
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09:04
(Marimba sounds)
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09:06
And it's amazing that when you do open your body up,
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身体を開き 手を開いて
09:10
and open your hand up to allow the vibration to come through,
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振動が伝わってくるようにすると
09:14
that in fact the tiny, tiny difference --
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ごくわずかな違いを
09:17
(Marimba sounds)
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09:19
can be felt with just the tiniest part of your finger, there.
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指の小さな部分で 感じ取ることができます
09:25
And so what we would do is that I would put my hands
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そこでレッスン室の壁に手を置いて
09:28
on the wall of the music room,
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先生と一緒に 楽器の音を聴きました
09:30
and together, we would "listen" to the sounds of the instruments,
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09:35
and really try to connect with those sounds
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単に耳で聴くよりも
09:39
far, far more broadly than simply depending on the ear.
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音とより広く一体になろうとしたのです
09:44
Because of course, the ear is subject to all sorts of things.
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耳は いろんなものに影響されますから
09:48
The room we happen to be in, the amplification,
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その時の部屋や音の増幅 楽器の質
09:51
the quality of the instrument, the type of sticks --
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スティックの種類などに…
09:54
(Marimba sounds)
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10:00
(Marimba sounds end)
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10:02
Etc., etc., they're all different.
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すべて違うんです
10:04
(Marimba sounds)
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10:09
(Marimba sounds end)
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10:11
Same amount of weight, but different sound colors.
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重さは同じですが 音の"色"が違います
10:15
And that's basically what we are; we're just human beings,
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人間と同じです 私たちも
10:18
but we all have our own little sound colors, as it were,
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それぞれが自分の色を持っています
10:21
that make up these extraordinary personalities and characters
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それが その人独自の個性や
性格や魅力を作り出します
10:25
and interests and things.
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10:27
And as I grew older, I then auditioned
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その後私は ロンドンの王立音楽院を受験しました
10:30
for the Royal Academy of Music in London,
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10:33
and they said, "Well, no, we won't accept you, because we haven't a clue,
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学校側は "将来性が不透明だ" と拒みました
10:37
you know, of the future of a so-called 'deaf musician.'"
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いわゆる"聴覚障害ミュージシャン"の将来性が
10:41
And I just couldn't quite accept that.
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これは…納得しかねましたね
10:46
And so therefore, I said to them, "Well, look, if you refuse --
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そこで言いました "もし…"
10:53
if you refuse me through those reasons,
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"断る理由がそれだけで"
10:56
as opposed to the ability to perform
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"演奏技術や音を紡ぎ出すことへの"
11:01
and to understand and love the art of creating sound --
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"情熱を評価しないなら"
11:08
then we have to think very, very hard about the people you do actually accept."
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"そもそもの合格の意味を考える必要がありますね"
11:14
And as a result, once we got over a little hurdle,
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その結果… ハードルを越え 試験を2回受け
11:18
and having to audition twice,
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11:20
they accepted me.
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合格しました しかも
11:22
And not only that,
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11:24
what had happened was that it changed the whole role of the music institutions
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これをうけて 全英の音楽院での
その後の方針が変わりました
11:29
throughout the United Kingdom.
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11:31
Under no circumstances were they to refuse
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どんな事情があっても 願書を受理するようになったんです
11:35
any application whatsoever
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11:39
on the basis of whether someone had no arms, no legs --
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腕や脚がなくてもです
11:43
they could still perhaps play a wind instrument if it was supported on a stand.
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支えがあれば 楽器が吹けるかもしれない
どんな場合も 入学拒否の理由にならなくなった
11:48
No circumstances at all were used to refuse any entry.
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11:54
And every single entry had to be listened to, experienced,
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受験者の演奏を聴き 実際に見て
11:59
and then, based on the musical ability,
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実力に基づいて 合否を決めるようになったんです
12:02
then that person could either enter or not.
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12:07
And so therefore, this in turn meant
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その結果 とても興味深い学生たちが
12:10
that there was an extremely interesting bunch of students
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音楽院に入るようになりました
12:14
who arrived in these various music institutions,
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12:17
and I have to say, many of them now in the professional orchestras
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彼らの多くは今
プロとして世界中のオーケストラで活躍しています
12:22
throughout the world.
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12:24
The interesting thing about this as well, though --
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ここでも興味深いのは
12:26
(Applause)
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(拍手)
12:31
is quite simply that not only were people connected with sound --
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人は誰でも 音と通じ合えるというだけでなく
12:37
which is basically all of us --
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音楽は 私たちを日々癒してくれる薬なのです
12:39
we well know that music really is our daily medicine.
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12:44
I say "music," but actually I mean "sound."
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音楽が というより音が ですね
12:47
Because some of the extraordinary things I've experienced as a musician --
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音楽家として貴重な経験をしてきました
15歳ぐらいの生徒たちがいました
12:51
when you may have a 15-year-old lad
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12:55
who has got the most incredible challenges,
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とてつもない障害を抱えていて
13:00
who may not be able to control his movements,
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身体を動かすのも ままならず
13:03
who may be deaf, who may be blind, etc., etc. --
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目や耳が不自由だったり…
13:06
suddenly, if that young lad sits close to this instrument,
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彼が 楽器のそばに座ったり
13:12
and perhaps even lies underneath the marimba,
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マリンバの下に横たわる
13:15
and you play something that's so incredibly organ-like, almost --
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そこで パイプオルガンのように弾きます
13:21
I don't really have the right sticks, perhaps --
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ピッタリのスティックがないんですが…
13:23
but something like this -- let me change --
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こんな感じです
13:29
(Soft marimba sounds)
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14:15
(Soft marimba sounds end)
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14:17
Something that's so unbelievably simple --
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シンプルですが
彼は私とは全く異なる体験をするでしょう
14:20
but he would be experiencing something that I wouldn't be,
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14:25
because I'm on top of the sound.
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私は音の真上なので
14:27
I have the sound coming this way.
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音は 上がってきます
14:29
He would have the sound coming through the resonators.
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彼は共鳴管から音を感じるでしょう
14:33
If there were no resonators on here, we would have:
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共鳴管がなければ 音はこんなです
14:36
(Marimba sounds)
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14:43
So he would have a fullness of sound
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下なら音に包まれます 会場の最前列や
14:45
that those of you in the front few rows wouldn't experience,
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後ろの何列かでも感じられません
14:48
those of you in the back few rows wouldn't experience, either.
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14:51
Every single one of us, depending on where we're sitting,
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座っている場所に応じ
14:54
will experience this sound quite, quite differently.
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まったく違う音を経験するんです
14:58
And of course, being the participator of the sound,
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もちろん 音を出す人間としては
15:01
and that is, starting from the idea of what type of sound
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まず どんな音を出したいか考えます
15:06
I want to produce, for example, this sound:
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例えば この音…
15:10
(No sound)
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15:16
Can you hear anything?
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聞こえます?
15:19
Exactly -- because I'm not even touching it.
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その通り 触っていませんから
15:21
(Laughter)
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それでも何かが起こるのを感じ取ります
15:23
But yet, we get the sensation of something happening.
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15:28
In the same way that when I see a tree moves,
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木の揺れるのを見て
15:30
then I imagine that tree making a rustling sound.
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葉擦れの音を想像するのと一緒です
15:34
Do you see what I mean?
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分かります?
15:36
Whatever the eye sees, then there's always sound happening.
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何かを見る時 そこには音がある
15:40
So there's always, always that huge --
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いつもいつも 大きな
15:44
I mean, just this kaleidoscope of things to draw from.
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万華鏡の中にいるかのような…
15:48
So all of my performances are based on entirely what I experience,
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私の演奏は 自分の経験が基になってます
15:54
and not by learning a piece of music,
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楽譜から学ぶのでも 誰かの解釈に従うのでも
15:57
putting on someone else's interpretation of it,
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15:59
buying all the CDs possible of that particular piece of music,
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弾く曲のCDを買い集めるのでもありません
16:02
and so on and so forth,
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16:04
because that isn't giving me enough of something that is so raw and so basic,
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それらは素のままの根源的なものを与えず
16:10
and something that I can fully experience the journey of.
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作り上げる過程を 堪能するには不十分なのです
16:15
So it may be that, in certain halls,
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ホールによっては この強さでも十分でしょう
16:19
this dynamic may well work.
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16:25
(Soft marimba sounds)
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16:32
(Soft marimba sounds end)
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2002
16:34
It may be that in other halls,
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別のホールでは全然聞こえないかも…
16:35
they're simply not going to experience that at all,
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だから 条件に合わせて弾き方も
16:39
and so therefore, my level of soft, gentle playing may have to be --
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変えるんです
16:43
(Marimba sounds)
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17:05
(Marimba sounds end)
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2001
17:07
Do you see what I mean?
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17:08
So, because of this explosion in access to sound,
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分かります? 現代では 音は体全体で感じるものになりました
17:15
especially through the Deaf community,
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特に聴覚障害者の間では…
17:17
this has not only affected how music institutions,
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この音の扱いの変化は 音楽院や
17:22
how schools for the deaf treat sound, and not just as a means of therapy --
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養護学校に影響を与えました 治療の手段以外でも…
17:28
although, of course, being a participator of music,
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音楽の関係者からすると
17:31
that definitely is the case as well --
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もちろん治療目的もありますが…
17:34
but it's meant that acousticians have had to really think
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この変化で 音響技師はホールの音響設計を考える必要が出てきました
17:39
about the types of halls they put together.
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本当に良い音響の会場は
17:43
There are so few halls in this world
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17:45
that actually have very good acoustics, dare I say.
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世界でも少ないんですよ
本当に良い会場なら何でもできます
17:51
But by that I mean, where you can absolutely do anything you imagine.
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17:56
The tiniest, softest, softest sound to something that is so broad,
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とても小さい柔らかい音から 厚みのある
18:01
so huge, so incredible.
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大きい音まで…素晴らしいです 普通は
18:04
There's always something:
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18:05
it may sound good up there, may not be so good there;
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ここは良くても あっちはイマイチ…
18:08
it may be great there, but terrible up there;
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あっちは良くても こっちは最悪…
18:10
maybe terrible over there, but not too bad there, etc., etc.
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こっちはヒドくても あっちは…という具合
18:14
So to find an actual hall is incredible --
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思い通りに弾ける会場に
18:19
for which you can play exactly what you imagine,
253
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4076
出合えたら最高です
18:23
without it being cosmetically enhanced.
254
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何も細工のない会場に…
18:26
So therefore, acousticians are actually in conversation
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聴覚障害者たちや音楽家の意見を
18:31
with people who are hearing impaired,
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音響技師は取り入れています
18:34
and who are participators of sound.
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18:39
And this is quite interesting.
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興味深いですよ
18:41
I cannot give you any detail
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ここでは詳細に触れませんが
18:45
as far as what is actually happening with those halls,
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音響技師たちは意見を聞くんです
18:49
but it's just the fact that they are going to a group of people
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18:53
for whom so many years, we've been saying,
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長年 こう言われてきた人々に
18:57
"Well, how on earth can they experience music? They're deaf."
263
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"音楽がどう分かるの? 聞こえずに?"
19:00
We go like that, and we imagine that's what deafness is about.
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聴覚障害に対する固定観念があります
19:04
Or we go like that, and we imagine that's what blindness is about.
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3136
視覚障害に対しても
車椅子に乗っている人は 歩けないと思いがちです
19:07
If we see someone in a wheelchair, we assume they cannot walk.
266
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3822
19:11
It may be that they can walk three, four, five steps.
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でも 数歩でも歩ければ 彼らにとっては歩けるということ
19:14
That, to them, means they can walk.
268
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2851
19:18
In a year's time, it could be two extra steps.
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一年後にはもう2歩
19:22
In another year's time, three extra steps.
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その次の年には もう3歩
19:25
Those are hugely important aspects to think about.
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これはとても大事な考え方です
19:29
So when we do listen to each other,
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だから 聴く時は
19:34
it's unbelievably important for us
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どれだけ聴く力があるか試されます
19:37
to really test our listening skills,
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19:42
to really use our bodies as a resonating chamber,
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身体全体に反響させて 即断はしない
19:45
to stop the judgment.
276
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19:47
For me, as a musician who deals with 99 percent of new music,
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私は扱う曲の99%が新曲なので
19:51
it's very easy for me to say,
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簡単に言い切れます "この曲は好き"
19:53
"Oh yes, I like that piece. No, I don't like that piece," and so on.
279
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"これは好きじゃない" と…
19:56
And I just find that I have to give those pieces of music real time.
280
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でも こうした曲にも時間をかけるべきだと気付きました
20:02
It may be that the chemistry isn't quite right between myself
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曲との相性が良くなかったのかも知れない
20:05
and that particular piece of music,
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1777
20:07
but that doesn't mean I have the right to say it's a bad piece of music.
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だからといって悪い作品だと言う権利はない
20:12
And you know, one of the great things about being a musician
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それに 音楽家であることの利点は
20:17
is that it is so unbelievably fluid.
285
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とても自由なことです
20:20
So there are no rules, no right, no wrong, this way, that way.
286
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これが正しいという決まりもない
20:25
If I asked you to clap -- maybe I can do this.
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ちょっと… 手を叩いてもらえますか?
20:30
If I can just say, "Please clap and create the sound of thunder."
288
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6374
手を叩いて雷の音を作って下さい
20:36
I'm assuming we've all experienced thunder.
289
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3299
雷は分かりますよね?
20:39
Now, I don't mean just the sound;
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音だけじゃありませんよ
20:41
I mean really listen to that thunder within yourselves.
291
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4917
自分の内で雷を聴いて下さい
20:46
And please try to create that through your clapping.
292
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それを拍手で表すんです さあどうぞ
20:48
Try, just -- please try.
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20:50
(Loud clapping sounds)
294
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3269
(拍手)
20:58
(Clapping ends)
295
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1150
いいですね! 今度は雪です… 雪を聞いた事は?
21:00
Snow.
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1358
21:01
(Laughter)
297
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2136
21:03
Snow.
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1168
21:04
(Soft clapping sounds)
299
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2236
21:07
Have you ever heard snow?
300
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1545
21:08
Audience: No.
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(会場 "ないです")
21:09
Evelyn Glennie: Well, then, stop clapping.
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2158
じゃあ叩かないで (会場 笑) もう一度…
21:12
(Laughter)
303
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1399
21:13
Try again. Try again: snow.
304
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3205
もう一度 雪です
21:17
(No sound)
305
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3044
21:20
See, you're awake.
306
1280822
1604
ね? 意識したでしょう?
21:23
Rain.
307
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1247
では雨を… 悪くないですね
21:24
(Light clapping sounds)
308
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1689
21:26
EG: (Laughs)
309
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1453
21:29
Not bad. Not bad.
310
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2730
21:32
The interesting thing here, though, is that I asked a group of kids
311
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興味深いのは… 子供たちに
21:36
not so long ago
312
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1703
最近同じ質問をしたんです
21:38
exactly the same question.
313
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2165
21:40
Now -- great imagination, thank you very much.
314
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皆さんも見事でした 有難うございます
21:44
However, not one of you got out of your seats to think,
315
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2822
でも誰も席を立って
21:47
"Right! How can I clap?
316
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1667
"じゃあ どう叩こう? "と
21:48
OK, maybe:
317
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1222
21:49
(Clapping sounds)
318
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2509
21:52
Maybe I can use my jewelry to create extra sounds.
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2832
アクセサリーを使ったり
21:55
Maybe I can use the other parts of my body to create extra sounds."
320
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4036
体の他の部分を使わなかった
21:59
Not a single one of you thought about clapping in a slightly different way
321
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誰も違う叩き方をしなかったですね
22:04
other than sitting in your seats there and using two hands.
322
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3118
座って両手を使う以外には?
22:07
In the same way, when we listen to music,
323
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2145
音楽を聴く時も
22:10
we assume that it's all being fed through here.
324
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全て耳を通すと思いがちです
22:14
This is how we experience music.
325
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2544
これが音楽の感じ方だと… 違うんです
22:16
Of course, it's not.
326
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1671
22:18
We experience thunder, thunder, thunder.
327
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2823
雷を感じる時は… 考えるんです
22:21
Think, think, think.
328
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1197
22:22
Listen, listen, listen.
329
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1890
聴いて聴いて聴くんです さあどうします?
22:24
Now, what can we do with thunder?
330
1344852
3747
22:29
I remember my teacher, when I first started, my very first lesson,
331
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5394
私の最初のレッスンはこうでした
22:34
I was all prepared with sticks, ready to go.
332
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3385
スティックを用意し準備万端でした
22:38
And instead of him saying, "OK, Evelyn, please, feet slightly apart,
333
1358093
4796
こうは言われませんでした "両足を開いて"
22:42
arms at a more or less 90-degree angle, sticks in a more or less V shape,
334
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5840
"腕は約90度 スティックはV字で"
22:48
keep this amount of space here, etc.
335
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3044
"脇を充分開いて"
22:51
Please keep your back straight, etc., etc., etc." --
336
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2554
"背筋も伸ばす" とは…
22:54
where I was just probably going to end up absolutely rigid, frozen,
337
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4164
きっと様々なことを考えてしまい
22:58
and I would not be able to strike the drum
338
1378611
2009
身体が硬直し
23:00
because I was thinking of so many other things,
339
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2220
上手く叩けなかったでしょう
23:02
he said, "Evelyn, take this drum away for seven days,
340
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2563
代わりにドラムを一週間持ち帰るよう言われました
23:05
and I'll see you next week."
341
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1785
23:07
So -- heavens! What was I to do?
342
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2405
"どうしよう? スティックもなしで? "
23:09
I no longer required the sticks.
343
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2478
23:12
I wasn't allowed to have these sticks.
344
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2148
スティックは禁止です
23:14
I had to basically look at this particular drum,
345
1394387
3637
そこで このドラムをじっくり眺め
23:18
see how it was made,
346
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1673
つまみやスネアなど 構造を調べました
23:19
what these little lugs did, what the snares did.
347
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3016
23:22
Turned it upside down, experimented with the shell.
348
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2952
裏返したり ドラムの上や周りを叩いたり
23:25
(Drum sounds)
349
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1713
23:27
Experimented with the head.
350
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1346
23:28
(Drum sounds)
351
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1462
23:30
Experimented with my body.
352
1410354
1780
身体もアクセサリーも使いました
23:32
(Drum sounds)
353
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1794
23:33
Experimented with jewelry.
354
1413976
1824
23:35
Experimented with all sorts of things.
355
1415824
2088
使えるもの全て
23:37
(Drum sounds)
356
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3379
23:44
(Drum sounds end)
357
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2476
23:48
And of course, I returned with all sorts of bruises.
358
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3200
アザだらけになりましたが
23:51
(Laughter)
359
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1251
信じ難いほど素晴らしい経験をしました
23:52
But nevertheless, it was such an unbelievable experience,
360
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3360
23:56
because where on earth are you going to experience that in a piece of music?
361
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4702
どうやったら こんな経験が楽譜から得られます?
24:00
Where on earth are you going to experience that in a study book?
362
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3986
どうやったら教本から得られます?
24:04
So we never, ever dealt with actual study books.
363
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3705
結局 教本は使いませんでした
24:08
So for example, one of the things that we learn
364
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2656
レッスンでは たとえば
24:11
when we are dealing with being a percussion player
365
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4684
音楽家ではなくプレイヤーになるための基礎として
24:15
as opposed to a musician,
366
1455918
1359
24:17
is basically, straightforward single-stroke rolls.
367
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3605
シングルストロークを学ぶものです
24:20
(Drum sounds)
368
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3624
24:24
Like that, and then we get a little faster --
369
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2110
こんな… 少しずつ早くしていきます
24:26
(Drum sounds)
370
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1168
24:27
and a little faster --
371
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1196
24:29
(Drum sounds)
372
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1178
24:30
and a little faster, and so on and so forth.
373
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2482
この曲を弾くには?
24:32
What does this piece require?
374
1472832
1439
24:34
Single-stroke rolls.
375
1474295
1375
…シングルストローク 当時私にこの技術がなかったのは
24:35
(Drum sound)
376
1475694
3199
24:38
So why can't I then do that whilst learning a piece of music?
377
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3462
24:42
And that's exactly what he did.
378
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2818
まさに先生の意図でした
24:45
And interestingly, the older I became, and when I became a full-time student
379
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5350
成長して正規の学生になって
24:50
at a so-called "music institution," all of that went out of the window.
380
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5258
いわゆる音大生になると レッスンも変わりました
24:55
We had to study from study books.
381
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2741
教本に沿うようになった
24:58
And constantly, the question, "Well, why? Why? What is this relating to?
382
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4101
いつも疑問でした "何と関係あるの?"
25:02
I need to play a piece of music."
383
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1600
"曲を弾きたい" と言うと "そのために必要だ"と
25:04
"Well, this will help your control."
384
1504415
1757
25:06
"Well, how? Why do I need to learn that?
385
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2559
曲と通い合うのに なぜそれが必要なのか?
25:08
I need to relate it to a piece of music.
386
1508779
2505
25:11
You know, I need to say something.
387
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2562
私は表現したかったのに
25:13
Why am I practicing paradiddles?
388
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2106
なぜパラディドルの練習?
25:16
(Drum sounds)
389
1516024
3982
25:20
Is it just literally for control, for hand-stick control?
390
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3867
スティックを操る目的なんて?
25:23
Why am I doing that?
391
1523921
1384
25:25
I need to have the reason,
392
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2400
私には意味づけが必要でした
25:27
and the reason has to be by saying something through the music."
393
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それが音楽で語ることに どう関わるのか?
25:33
And by saying something through music, which basically is sound,
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音楽を通して語ることによって
25:37
we then can reach all sorts of things to all sorts of people.
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あらゆる人に あらゆることを伝えられるんです
25:42
But I don't want to take responsibility of your emotional baggage.
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皆さんの内面には立ち入りません
25:46
That's up to you, when you walk through a hall,
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個人の問題ですから
25:48
because that then determines what and how we listen to certain things.
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それが個人個人の聴き方を決めるんです
25:54
I may feel sorrowful, or happy, or exhilarated, or angry
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演奏する時の私の感情も 様々なものですが
25:59
when I play certain pieces of music,
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必ずしも皆さんに
26:01
but I'm not necessarily wanting you to feel exactly the same thing.
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同じように感じることは望みません
26:06
So please, the next time you go to a concert,
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次回コンサートに行く時は
26:09
just allow your body to open up,
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身体を開き 中で響かせてみて下さい
26:12
allow your body to be this resonating chamber.
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26:16
Be aware that you're not going to experience the same thing
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奏者と同じ体験ではありませんよ
26:19
as the performer is.
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1706
26:21
The performer is in the worst possible position for the actual sound,
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奏者は音を聴くのに最悪の場所にいます
26:24
because they're hearing the contact of the stick --
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スティックがドラムに当たる音や
26:28
(Drum sound)
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1512
26:29
on the drum, or the mallet on the bit of wood,
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鍵盤に当たるマレットや 弦をこする弓や
26:32
or the bow on the string, etc.,
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2187
26:35
or the breath that's creating the sound from wind and brass.
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吹く時の呼吸が聞こえるんです
26:39
They're experiencing that rawness there.
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"素"のものなんです
26:41
But yet they're experiencing something so unbelievably pure,
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とても純粋なものでもありますが
26:45
which is before the sound is actually happening.
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実際の音になる前の段階なんです
26:49
Please take note of the life of the sound after the actual initial strike,
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音の誕生から消滅までの過程を意識して
その全過程を感じてみて下さい
26:56
or breath, is being pulled.
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2405
26:58
Just experience the whole journey of that sound
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4248
27:02
in the same way that I wished I'd experienced the whole journey
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私もそのようにTEDの全てに触れたかった
27:06
of this particular conference, rather than just arriving last night.
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でも着いたのが昨日の夜だったので…
27:10
But I hope maybe we can share one or two things as the day progresses.
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まだ何か共有できると良いですが…
27:15
But thank you very much for having me!
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それでも参加できて光栄でした
27:18
(Applause)
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(拍手)
27:24
(Applause ends)
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27:37
(Music)
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32:02
(Music ends)
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32:08
(Applause)
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