Lauren Zalaznick: The conscience of television

97,095 views ใƒป 2011-09-16

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Oren Szekatch ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:15
I want to say that really and truly,
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื•ื‘ืชืžื™ื,
00:17
after these incredible speeches
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ื›ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื•ืช
00:19
and ideas that are being spread,
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ื•ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืฉืžื•ืคืฆื™ื,
00:21
I am in the awkward position
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ืื ื™ ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืžื‘ื™ืš
00:23
of being here to talk to you today
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ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœื“ื‘ืจ
00:25
about television.
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ืื™ืชื›ื ืขืœ ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”.
00:28
So most everyone watches TV.
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ืื– ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ื•ืœื ืจื•ืื™ื ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”.
00:30
We like it. We like some parts of it.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืžื ื”.
00:33
Here in America, people actually love TV.
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ืคื” ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืžืฉ ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”.
00:36
The average American watches TV
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ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฆื•ืคื” ื‘ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”
00:39
for almost 5 hours a day.
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ื›ื—ืžืฉ ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื.
00:42
Okay?
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ืื•ืงื™ื™?
00:44
Now I happen to make my living these days in television,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื›ื™ื•ื ื‘ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”,
00:47
so for me, that's a good thing.
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ืื– ืขื‘ื•ืจื™, ื–ื”ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘.
00:49
But a lot of people don't love it so much.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš.
00:52
They, in fact, berate it.
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ื”ื, ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื‘ื–ื™ื ืœื”.
00:54
They call it stupid,
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ื”ื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื” ืžื˜ื•ืžื˜ืžืช,
00:56
and worse, believe me.
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ื•ื’ืจื•ืข ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ืœื™.
00:58
My mother, growing up,
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ืื™ืžื™, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื’ื“ืœืชื™,
01:00
she called it the "idiot box."
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ื”ื™ื ืงืจืื” ืœื” " ืงื•ืคืกืช ื”ืื™ื“ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื."
01:02
But my idea today is not to debate
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ืืš ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชื“ื™ื™ืŸ
01:04
whether there's such a thing as good TV or bad TV;
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ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืื ื™ืฉื ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื–ื” ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืื• ืจืขื”;
01:07
my idea today
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ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื
01:09
is to tell you that I believe
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ื”ื•ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื”
01:11
television has a conscience.
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ืฉืœื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื™ืฉ ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ.
01:14
So why I believe that television has a conscience
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ืื– ืœื“ืขืชื™ ืœื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื™ืฉ ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ
01:17
is that I actually believe
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ื›ื™ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื”
01:19
that television directly reflects
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ืฉื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ืžืฉืงืคืช ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช
01:22
the moral, political,
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ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™, ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™,
01:24
social and emotional need states of our nation --
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืžื” ืฉืœื ื• --
01:27
that television is how we actually disseminate
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ืฉื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืื ื• ืžืคื™ืฆื™ื
01:30
our entire value system.
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ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
01:32
So all these things are uniquely human,
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ื›ืš ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื ืื ื•ืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื”
01:35
and they all add up
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ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื“ื•ืคืŸ, ื•ื›ื•ืœื ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื
01:37
to our idea of conscience.
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ืœืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ืฉืœ ืžื”ื• ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ.
01:39
Now today, we're not talking about good and bad TV.
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ื›ื™ื•ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ืจืขื”.
01:41
We're talking about popular TV.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ืช.
01:44
We're talking about top-10 Nielsen-rated shows
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืขืฉืจ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืฆืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื“ื“ ื ื™ืœืกืŸ
01:47
over the course of 50 years.
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื™ื.
01:49
How do these Nielsen ratings
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ืื™ืš ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื”
01:51
reflect not just what you've heard about,
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ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืœื ืจืง ืืช ืืฉืจ ืฉืžืขืชื,
01:54
which is the idea of our social, collective unconscious,
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ืฉื–ื”ื• ืขืฆื ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื ืžื•ื“ืข ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื”ืงื•ืœืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืฉืœื ื•,
01:58
but how do these top-10 Nielsen-rated shows
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ืืœื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืขืฉืจ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื“ ื ื™ืœืกืŸ
02:00
over 50 years
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ื‘ืžืฉืš 50 ืฉื ื™ื
02:02
reflect the idea
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ืžืฉืงืคื•ืช ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ
02:04
of our social conscience?
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ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืฉืœื ื•?
02:06
How does television evolve over time,
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ืžืชืคืชื—ืช ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
02:08
and what does this say about our society?
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ื•ืžื” ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•?
02:10
Now speaking of evolution,
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ืื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื”,
02:12
from basic biology, you probably remember
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ืžื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช, ืืชื ื•ื“ืื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื
02:15
that the animal kingdom, including humans,
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ืฉืœืžืžืœื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื,
02:18
have four basic primal instincts.
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ื™ืฉ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืื™ื ืกื˜ื™ื ืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื.
02:20
You have hunger; you have sex; you have power;
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ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืจืขื‘, ืกืงืก, ื›ื•ื—,
02:23
and you have the urge for acquisitiveness.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉื ื•ืช.
02:27
As humans, what's important to remember
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ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื, ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ
02:29
is that we've developed, we've evolved over time
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื• ื”ืชืคืชื—ื ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ
02:32
to temper, or tame,
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ืœืžืชืŸ, ืื• ืœืฉื›ืš,
02:34
these basic animal instincts.
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ืืช ื”ืื™ื ืกื˜ื™ื ืงื˜ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ืชื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
02:37
We have the capacity to laugh and cry.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืฆื—ื•ืง ื•ืœื‘ื›ื•ืช.
02:40
We feel awe, we feel pity.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ืฉื™ื ื™ืจืืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ืื ื• ื—ืฉื™ื ืจื—ืžื™ื.
02:42
That is separate and apart
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ื–ื” ืฉื•ื ื” ื•ื ื‘ื“ืœ
02:44
from the animal kingdom.
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ืžืžืžืœื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช.
02:46
The other thing about human beings
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื‘ื ื™ ืื ื•ืฉ
02:48
is that we love to be entertained.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืจ.
02:51
We love to watch TV.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”.
02:53
This is something that clearly separates us
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ื–ื”ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืžื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื ื•
02:55
from the animal kingdom.
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ืžืžืžืœื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช.
02:57
Animals might love to play,
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ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช ืชืื”ื‘ื ื” ืœืฉื—ืง,
02:59
but they don't love to watch.
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ืืš ื”ืŸ ืื™ื ืŸ ืื•ื”ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฆืคื•ืช.
03:02
So I had an ambition
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ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืฉืื™ืคื”
03:04
to discover what could be understood
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ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืžื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ
03:06
from this uniquely human relationship
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ืžืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ื”ื–ื•
03:08
between television programs
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”
03:10
and the human conscious.
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ื•ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™.
03:12
Why has television entertainment evolved the way it has?
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ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืจ ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ืชืคืชื— ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืคืชื—?
03:15
I kind of think of it
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœ ื–ื”
03:17
as this cartoon devil or angel
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ื›ืขืœ ื”ืงืจื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืฉื˜ืŸ ืื• ืžืœืืš
03:19
sitting on our shoulders.
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ื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืชืคื™ื ื•.
03:21
Is television literally functioning
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ื”ืื ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ืœืžืขืฉื”
03:23
as our conscience,
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ื›ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•,
03:25
tempting us and rewarding us at the same time?
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ืžืคืชื” ื•ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช ืžืชื’ืžืœืช?
03:28
So to begin to answer these questions,
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ืื– ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื•ืœืขื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•,
03:30
we did a research study.
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ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืžื—ืงืจ.
03:32
We went back 50 years
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ื—ื–ืจื ื• ืื—ื•ืจื” 50 ืฉื ื”
03:34
to the 1959/1960 television season.
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ืœืขื•ื ืช ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ืฉืœ 1959/1960.
03:37
We surveyed the top-20 Nielsen shows
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ื‘ื—ื ื• ืืช ืขืฉืจื™ื ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื“ื“ ื ื™ืœืกืŸ
03:39
every year for 50 years --
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš 50 ื”ืฉื ื™ื --
03:41
a thousand shows.
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ืืœืฃ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช.
03:43
We talked to over 3,000 individuals --
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ื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž - 3,000 ืื ืฉื™ื --
03:45
almost 3,600 --
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ื›ืžืขื˜ 3,600 --
03:47
aged 18 to 70,
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ื‘ื’ื™ืœืื™ 18 ืขื“ 70,
03:49
and we asked them how they felt emotionally.
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ื•ืฉืืœื ื• ืื•ืชื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ื—ืฉื• ืจื’ืฉื™ืช.
03:51
How did you feel
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ื—ืฉื•
03:53
watching every single one of these shows?
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืฆืคื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•?
03:56
Did you feel a sense of moral ambiguity?
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ื”ืื ื—ื•ื•ื™ืชื ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืขืžื™ืžื•ืช ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช?
03:58
Did you feel outrage? Did you laugh?
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ื”ืื ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื ื–ืขื? ื”ืื ืฆื—ืงืชื?
04:01
What did this mean for you?
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ืื™ื–ื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื–ื”?
04:03
So to our global TED audiences,
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ืื– ืœืงื”ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืœ TED,
04:05
I want to say that this was a U.S. sample.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื“ื’ื ืืžืจื™ืงืื™.
04:07
But as you can see,
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ืืš ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช,
04:09
these emotional need states are truly universal.
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ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื ืื•ื ื‘ืจืกืœื™ื™ื.
04:12
And on a factual basis,
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ื•ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™,
04:14
over 80 percent of the U.S.'s most popular shows
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ืœืžืขืœื” ืž- 80 ืื—ื•ื– ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘
04:17
are exported around the world.
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ืžื™ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืœืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
04:19
So I really hope our global audiences
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื”ืงื”ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืœื ื•
04:21
can relate.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื–ื“ื”ื•ืช.
04:23
Two acknowledgments
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ืฉืชื™ ืชื•ื“ื•ืช
04:25
before our first data slide:
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืงื•ืคื™ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ื•:
04:27
For inspiring me
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ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื ืชืŸ ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืจืื”
04:29
to even think about the idea of conscience
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ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ
04:32
and the tricks that conscience can play on us on a daily basis,
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ื•ื”ืชืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืœ ื‘ื ื• ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื™ื•ืžื™,
04:36
I thank legendary rabbi, Jack Stern.
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ืื ื™ ืžื•ื“ื” ืœืจื‘ ื”ืื’ื“ื™, ื’'ืง ืฉื˜ืจืŸ.
04:40
And for the way in which I'm going to present the data,
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ื•ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข,
04:43
I want to thank TED community superstar Hans Rosling,
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืงื”ื™ืœืช TED ื”ืื ืก ืจื•ืกืœื™ื ื’,
04:46
who you may have just seen.
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ืฉื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื•ื–ื” ืขืชื” ืจืื™ืชื.
04:48
Okay, here we go.
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ืื•ืงื™ื™, ื”ื ื” ื–ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ.
04:50
So here you see,
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ืื– ื›ืืŸ ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื,
04:52
from 1960 to 2010,
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ืžืฉื ืช 1960 ืขื“ 2010,
04:54
the 50 years of our study.
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ืืช 50 ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœื ื•.
04:57
Two things we're going to start with --
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ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื™ืžื ื ืชื—ื™ืœ --
04:59
the inspiration state and the moral ambiguity state,
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ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื”ืฉืจืื” ื•ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืขืžื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช,
05:02
which, for this purpose,
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ืืฉืจ, ืœืฉื ืžื˜ืจื” ื–ื•,
05:04
we defined inspiration
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ืื ื• ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืฉืจืื”
05:06
as television shows that uplift me,
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ื›ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ืฉืžืจื•ืžืžื•ืช ืื•ืชื™,
05:08
that make me feel much more positive about the world.
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ืฉื’ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืœื™ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
05:11
Moral ambiguity are televisions shows
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ืขืžื™ืžื•ืช ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”
05:14
in which I don't understand
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ื‘ื”ืŸ ืื™ื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ื ื”
05:16
the difference between right and wrong.
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ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืฉื’ื•ื™.
05:19
As we start, you see in 1960
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ื›ืฉืื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื, ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘- 1960
05:21
inspiration is holding steady.
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ื”ืฉืจืื” ื ืฉืืจืช ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื”.
05:23
That's what we're watching TV for.
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ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”.
05:25
Moral ambiguity starts to climb.
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ืขืžื™ืžื•ืช ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœืขืœื•ืช.
05:27
Right at the end of the 60s,
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ืžืžืฉ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืฉื™ื,
05:29
moral ambiguity is going up,
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ืขืžื™ืžื•ืช ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ืขื•ืœื”,
05:31
inspiration is kind of on the wane.
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ื”ืฉืจืื” ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ื“ืขื™ื›ื”.
05:33
Why?
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ืžื“ื•ืข?
05:35
The Cuban Missile Crisis, JFK is shot,
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ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืงื•ื‘ื”, ื’'ื•ืŸ ืค. ืงื ื“ื™ ื ื•ืจื”,
05:37
the Civil Rights movement,
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ืชื ื•ืขืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—,
05:39
race riots, the Vietnam War,
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ืคืจืขื•ืช ื”ื’ื–ืข, ืžืœื—ืžืช ื•ื™ืื˜ื ื,
05:41
MLK is shot, Bobby Kennedy is shot,
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ืžืจื˜ื™ืŸ ืœื•ืชืจ ืงื™ื ื’ ื ื•ืจื”, ื‘ื•ื‘ื™ ืงื ื“ื™ ื ื•ืจื”,
05:43
Watergate.
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ื•ื•ืื˜ืจื’ื™ื™ื˜.
05:45
Look what happens.
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ืชืจืื• ืžื” ืงื•ืจื”.
05:47
In 1970, inspiration plummets.
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ื‘- 1970, ื”ื”ืฉืจืื” ืฆื•ื ื—ืช.
05:49
Moral ambiguity takes off.
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ืขืžื™ืžื•ืช ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ืžืžืจื™ืื”.
05:51
They cross,
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ื”ืŸ ื—ื•ืฆื•ืช,
05:53
but Ronald Reagan, a telegenic president, is in office.
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ืื‘ืœ ืจื•ื ืœื“ ืจื™ื™ื’ืŸ, ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื•ื ื™ืช, ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ.
05:55
It's trying to recover.
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ื”ื™ื ืžื ืกื” ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ.
05:57
But look, it can't:
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ืื‘ืœ ืจืื•, ื”ื™ื ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื”:
05:59
AIDS, Iran-Contra,
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ืื™ื™ื“ืก, ืคืจืฉืช ืื™ืจืืŸ-ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืืก,
06:01
the Challenger disaster, Chernobyl.
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ืืกื•ืŸ ื”ืฆ'ืœื ื’ืจ, ืฆ'ืจื ื•ื‘ื™ืœ.
06:03
Moral ambiguity becomes the dominant meme in television
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ืขืžื™ืžื•ืช ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืœืชืคื™ืกื” ื”ืฉืœื˜ืช ื‘ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”
06:07
from 1990 for the next 20 years.
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ืžืฉื ืช 1990 ืœืžืฉืš 20 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช.
06:09
Take a look at this.
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ืชืชื‘ื•ื ื ื• ื‘ื–ื”.
06:11
This chart is going to document a very similar trend.
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ื”ื˜ื‘ืœื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœืชืขื“ ืžื’ืžื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืžืื•ื“.
06:14
But in this case, we have comfort -- the bubble in red --
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื–ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื ื—ืžื” -- ื”ื‘ื•ืขื” ื‘ืื“ื•ื --
06:17
social commentary and irreverence
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ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื‘ื›ื—ื•ืœ
06:19
in blue and green.
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ื•ื–ืœื–ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืง.
06:22
Now this time on TV
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”
06:24
you have "Bonanza," don't forget, you have "Gunsmoke,"
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ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืืช "ื‘ื•ื ื ื–ื”," ืืœ ืชืฉื›ื—ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืืช "ื’ืื ืกืžื•ืง,"
06:27
you have "Andy Griffith,"
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ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืืช "ืื ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ืคื™ืช',"
06:29
you have domestic shows all about comfort.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉื›ื•ืœืŸ ืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ื ื—ืžื”.
06:32
This is rising. Comfort stays whole.
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ื–ื” ืขื•ืœื”. ื ื—ืžื” ื ืฉืืจืช ืฉืœืžื”.
06:35
Irreverence starts to rise.
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ื–ืœื–ื•ืœ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืขืœื•ืช.
06:37
Social commentary is all of a sudden spiking up.
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ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืœืคืชืข ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื—ื“ื•ืช.
06:40
You get to 1969, and look what happens.
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ืืชื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืฉื ืช 1969, ื•ืจืื• ืžื” ืงื•ืจื”.
06:43
You have comfort, irreverence, and social commentary,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ื ื—ืžื”, ื”ื–ืœื–ื•ืœ ื•ืืช ื”ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช,
06:46
not only battling it out in our society,
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ืœื ืจืง ื ืื‘ืงื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•,
06:49
but you literally have two establishment shows --
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืฉืชื™ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช --
06:53
"Gunsmoke" and "Gomer Pyle" --
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"ื’ืื ืกืžื•ืง" ื•"ื’ื•ืžืจ ืคื™ื™ืœ" --
06:55
in 1969 are the number-two- and number-three-rated television shows.
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ื‘ืฉื ืช 1969 ื”ืŸ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื•ืจื’ื•ืช ื›ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืชื™ื™ื ื•ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื‘ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”.
06:58
What's number one?
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ืžื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ?
07:00
The socially irreverent hippie show,
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ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื”ื™ืคื™ืช ื”ืžื–ืœื–ืœืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช,
07:03
"Rowan and Martin's Laugh-In."
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"ื”ืฆื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื•ืืŸ ื•ืžืจื˜ื™ืŸ."
07:05
They're all living together, right.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื’ืจื™ื ื™ื—ื“ื™ื•, ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
07:07
Viewers had responded dramatically.
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ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื• ื‘ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ื•ืช.
07:09
Look at this green spike in 1966
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ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื• ื‘ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ื‘- 1966
07:12
to a bellwether show.
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ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื”.
07:14
When you guys hear this industry term, a breakout hit,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืืช ืžื•ื ื— ื”ื–ื”, ืœื”ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืจืฅ,
07:16
what does that mean?
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ืžื” ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื”?
07:18
It means in the 1966 television season,
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ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืขื•ื ืช ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 1966,
07:21
The "Smothers Brothers" came out of nowhere.
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ืฉื”"ืกืžื•ื“'ืจืก ื‘ืจื•ื“'ืจืก" ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืžืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื.
07:25
This was the first show
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”
07:27
that allowed viewers to say,
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ืฉืื™ืคืฉืจื” ืœืฆื•ืคื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ,
07:29
"My God,
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"ืืœื•ื”ื™ื,
07:31
I can comment on how I feel about the Vietnam War,
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ื“ืขืชื™ ืขืœ ืžื” ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื•ื™ืื˜ื ื,
07:34
about the presidency, through television?"
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ืขืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ืื•ืช, ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”?"
07:36
That's what we mean by a breakout show.
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ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื–ื” ืœื”ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืจืฅ.
07:39
So then, just like the last chart, look what happens.
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ืื–, ืžืžืฉ ื›ืžื• ื‘ื˜ื‘ืœื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ืชืจืื• ืžื” ืงื•ืจื”.
07:42
In 1970,
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ื‘ืฉื ืช 1970,
07:44
the dam bursts. The dam bursts.
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ื”ืกื›ืจ ื ืคืจืฅ, ื”ืกื›ืจ ื ืคืจืฅ.
07:46
Comfort is no longer why we watch television.
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ื ื—ืžื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื” ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื’ื™ื ื” ืื ื• ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”.
07:49
Social commentary and irreverence
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ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื•ื–ืœื–ื•ืœ
07:51
rise throughout the 70s.
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ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืื•ืจืš ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืขื™ื.
07:53
Now look at this.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื• ื‘ื–ื”.
07:55
The 70s means who? Norman Lear.
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ืžื” ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืขื™ื? ื ื•ืจืžืŸ ืœื™ืจ.
07:58
You have "All in the Family," "Sanford and Son,"
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ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื "ื”ื›ืœ ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื”," "ืกื ืคื•ืจื“ ื•ื‘ื ื•,"
08:00
and the dominant show --
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ื•ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ืช --
08:02
in the top-10 for the entire 70s --
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ื‘ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื™ื” ื”ืคื•ืชื—ืช ืœื›ืœ ืื•ืจืš ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืขื™ื --
08:04
"MAS*H."
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"ืž.ื.ืฉ."
08:06
In the entire 50 years
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ืœื›ืœ ืื•ืจื›ืŸ ืฉืœ 50 ื”ืฉื ื™ื
08:08
of television that we studied,
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ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ืฉื—ืงืจื ื•,
08:11
seven of 10 shows
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ืฉื‘ืข ืžืขืฉืจ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช
08:14
ranked most highly for irreverence
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ืฉื“ื•ืจื’ื• ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื–ืœื–ื•ืœ
08:17
appeared on air during the Vietnam War,
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ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื• ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื•ื™ืื˜ื ื,
08:19
five of the top-10 during the Nixon administration.
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ื—ืžืฉ ืžืขืฉืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื ื™ืงืกื•ืŸ.
08:23
Only one generation, 20 years in,
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ืจืง ื“ื•ืจ ืื—ื“, ืื—ืจื™ 20 ืฉื ื™ื,
08:26
and we discovered,
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ื•ืื ื• ืžื’ืœื™ื,
08:28
Wow! TV can do that?
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ื•ื•ืื•! ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช?
08:31
It can make me feel this?
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ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื™ ืœื—ื•ืฉ ื›ืš?
08:33
It can change us?
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ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื•?
08:36
So to this very, very savvy crowd,
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ืื– ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืงื”ืœ ื”ื—ื›ื ืฉื›ืืŸ,
08:38
I also want to note
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ
08:41
the digital folks did not invent disruptive.
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ื›ื™ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ื ืœื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื• ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉ.
08:44
Archie Bunker was shoved out of his easy chair
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ืืจืฆ'ื™ ื‘ืื ืงืจ ื ื“ื—ืฃ ืืœ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื›ื•ืจืกืชื•
08:46
along with the rest of us
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ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื›ื•ืœื ื•
08:48
40 years ago.
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ืœืคื ื™ 40 ืฉื ื”.
08:50
This is a quick chart. Here's another attribute:
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื˜ื‘ืœื” ื–ืจื™ื–ื”. ื”ื ื” ืชื›ื•ื ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช:
08:52
fantasy and imagination,
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ืคื ื˜ื–ื™ื” ื•ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ,
08:54
which are shows defined as,
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ืืฉืจ ื”ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื•ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจ,
08:56
"takes me out of my everyday realm"
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"ืœื•ืงื—ื•ืช ืื•ืชื™ ืืœ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื—ื™ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™
08:59
and "makes me feel better."
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ื•ื’ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืœื™ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ."
09:01
That's mapped against the red dot, unemployment,
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ื–ื” ืžืžื•ืคื” ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ืื“ื•ืžื”, ืื‘ื˜ืœื”,
09:03
which is a simple Bureau of Labor Department statistic.
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ืฉื”ื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืžื”ืœืฉื›ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
09:07
You'll see
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ืืชื ืชืจืื•
09:09
that every time fantasy and imagination shows rise,
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ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื ื˜ื–ื™ื” ื•ื”ื“ื™ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ื™ื”,
09:12
it maps to a spike in unemployment.
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ื–ื” ื™ืคืขืœ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ืื‘ื˜ืœื”.
09:15
Do we want to see shows
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ื”ืื ืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช
09:17
about people saving money and being unemployed?
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ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืกื›ื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ื•ื”ื ืžื•ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื?
09:20
No. In the 70s
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ืœื. ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืขื™ื
09:22
you have the bellwether show "The Bionic Woman"
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ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” "ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ืช"
09:25
that rocketed into the top-10 in 1973,
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ืฉืขืคื” ืืœ ืชื•ืš ืขืฉืจืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืช 1973,
09:28
followed by the "Six Million-Dollar Man" and "Charlie's Angels."
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ื•ืื—ืจื™ื” ื”ื’ื™ืขื• "ืื™ืฉ 6 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื“ื•ืœืจ" ื•"ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆ'ืจืœื™."
09:31
Another spike in the 1980s --
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ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื --
09:34
another spike in shows about control and power.
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ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ื›ื•ื—.
09:38
What were those shows?
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ืžื” ื”ื™ื• ืื•ืชืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช?
09:40
Glamorous and rich.
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ืžืคื•ืืจื•ืช ื•ืขืฉื™ืจื•ืช.
09:42
"Dallas," "Fantasy Island."
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"ื“ืืœืืก," "ืื™ ื”ืคื ื˜ื–ื™ื”."
09:45
Incredible mapping of our national psyche
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ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืžื“ื”ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•
09:48
with some hard and fast facts:
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ืขื ื›ืžื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช ื•ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช:
09:50
unemployment.
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ืื‘ื˜ืœื”.
09:53
So here you are, in my favorite chart,
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ืื– ื”ื ื” ืื ื—ื ื•, ื‘ื˜ื‘ืœื” ื”ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื™,
09:56
because this is our last 20 years.
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ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืืœื• ืขืฉืจื™ื ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
09:58
Whether or not you're in my business,
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืืชื ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืฉืœื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื,
10:00
you have surely heard or read
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ืืชื ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืงืจืืชื ืื• ืฉืžืขืชื
10:03
of the decline of the thing called the three-camera sitcom
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ืขืœ ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ืงืจื ืกื™ื˜ืงื•ื ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช
10:06
and the rise of reality TV.
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ื•ืขืœื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ืช ื”ืจื™ืืœื™ื˜ื™.
10:10
Well, as we say in the business,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื›ืžื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืฉืœื™,
10:12
X marks the spot.
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X ืžืกืžืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื.
10:14
The 90s -- the big bubbles of humor --
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ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืชืฉืขื™ื -- ื”ื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ --
10:16
we're watching "Friends," "Frasier," "Cheers" and "Seinfeld."
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘"ื—ื‘ืจื™ื," "ืคืจื™ื™ื–'ืจ," "ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจ" ื•"ืกื™ื™ื ืคืœื“."
10:19
Everything's good, low unemployment.
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ื”ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื ืžื•ื›ื”.
10:22
But look: X marks the spot.
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ืื‘ืœ ืจืื•: X ืžืกืžืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื.
10:25
In 2001,
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ื‘ืฉื ืช 2001,
10:27
the September 2001 television season,
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ืขื•ื ืช ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2001
10:30
humor succumbs to judgment once and for all.
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ื”ื•ืžื•ืจ ืžืคืกื™ื“ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ ืื—ืช ื•ืœืชืžื™ื“.
10:34
Why not?
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ืœืžื” ืœื?
10:36
We had a 2000 presidential election
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื ืฉื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื ืช 2000
10:38
decided by the Supreme Court.
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ืฉื”ื•ื›ืจืขื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื‘ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ.
10:40
We had the bursting of the tech bubble.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืชืคื•ืฆืฆื•ืช ื‘ื•ืขืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
10:42
We had 9/11.
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืืช ื”- 9/11
10:44
Anthrax becomes part of the social lexicon.
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ืื ืชืจืงืก ื”ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉื’ ืฉื’ื•ืจ ื‘ืœืงืกื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™.
10:47
Look what happens when we keep going.
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ืชืจืื• ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืœืื”.
10:49
At the turn of the century, the Internet takes off,
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ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืื”, ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืชื•ืคืก ืชืื•ืฆื”,
10:52
reality television has taken hold.
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ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ืช ื”ืจื™ืืœื™ื˜ื™ ืชืคืกื” ืื—ื™ื–ื”.
10:55
What do people want in their TV then?
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ืื– ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ืฉืœื”ื?
10:57
I would have thought revenge
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ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ื ืงืžื”
11:00
or nostalgia.
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ืื• ื ื•ืกื˜ืœื’ื™ื”.
11:02
Give me some comfort; my world is falling apart.
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ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืงืฆืช ื ื—ืžื”; ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืžืชืžื•ื˜ื˜.
11:04
No, they want judgment.
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ืœื, ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜.
11:06
I can vote you off the island.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื“ื™ื— ืื•ืชืš ืžื”ืื™.
11:08
I can keep Sarah Palin's daughter dancing.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื‘ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืจื” ืคื™ื™ืœื™ืŸ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืจืงื•ื“.
11:11
I can choose the next American Idol. You're fired.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืŸ ืื™ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื‘ื. ืืชื” ืžืคื•ื˜ืจ.
11:14
That's all great, right?
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ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื ืคืœื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
11:17
So as dramatically different as these television shows,
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ืื– ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื”ืืœื”,
11:21
pure entertainment, have been over the last 50 years --
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ื”ื ืื” ืฆืจื•ืคื”, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืœื›ืœ ืื•ืจื›ืŸ ืฉืœ 59 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช --
11:24
what did I start with? --
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ืขื ืžื” ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™? --
11:26
one basic instinct remains.
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ืื™ื ืกื˜ื™ื ืงื˜ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืื—ื“ ื ื•ืชืจ.
11:28
We're animals, we need our moms.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื•ืช, ืื ื—ื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืื™ืžื”ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
11:31
There has not been a decade of television
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ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืขืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”
11:33
without a definitive, dominant TV mom.
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ื‘ืœื™ ื“ืžื•ืช ืื ืฉืœื˜ืช ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจื”.
11:37
The 1950s:
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ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื:
11:39
June Cleever in the original comfort show, "Leave it to Beaver."
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ื’'ื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื ื—ืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, "ื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ืืช ื–ื” ืœื‘ื•ื ื”."
11:42
Lucille Ball kept us laughing
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ืœื•ืกื™ืœ ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืฆื—ื™ืง ืื•ืชื ื•
11:45
through the rise of social consciousness in the 60s.
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ื“ืจืš ืขืœื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืฉื™ื.
11:48
Maude Findlay,
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ืžื•ื“ ืคื™ื ื“ืœื™,
11:50
the epitome of the irreverent 1970s,
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ืชืžืฆื™ืช ื”ื–ืœื–ื•ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืขื™ื,
11:53
who tackled abortion, divorce,
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ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื” ืขื ื”ืคืœื”, ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ
11:55
even menopause on TV.
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”.
11:57
The 1980s,
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ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื,
11:59
our first cougar was given to us
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ื”"ืงื•ื’ืจื™ืช" ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื ื•
12:02
in the form of Alexis Carrington.
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ื‘ื“ืžื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืืœื›ืกื™ืก ืงืจื™ื ื’ื˜ื•ืŸ.
12:05
Murphy Brown took on a vice president
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ืžืืจืคื™ ื‘ืจืื•ืŸ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื” ืžื•ืœ ืกื’ืŸ ื ืฉื™ื
12:07
when she took on the idea of single parenthood.
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื” ืขื ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื—ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ืช.
12:12
This era's mom,
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ื”ืืžื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื–ื”,
12:14
Bree Van de Kamp.
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ื‘ืจื™ ื•ืืŸ ื“ื” ืงืืžืค.
12:17
Now I don't know if this is the devil or the angel
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืื ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ ืื• ื”ืžืœืืš
12:20
sitting on our conscience,
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ื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•,
12:22
sitting on television's shoulders,
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ื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืชืคื™ ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื•,
12:24
but I do know that I absolutely love this image.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื›ืŸ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉืื ื™ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžืื•ื”ื‘ืช ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื•.
12:29
So to you all,
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ืื– ืœื›ื•ืœื›ืŸ,
12:31
the women of TEDWomen, the men of TEDWomen,
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ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ TEDWomen, ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœ TEDWomen,
12:33
the global audiences of TEDWomen,
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ื”ืงื”ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืœ TEDWomen,
12:36
thank you for letting me present my idea
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื ืฉืืคืฉืจืชื ืœื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™
12:38
about the conscience of television.
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ืขืœ ืžืฆืคื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”.
12:40
But let me also thank the incredible creators
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื’ื ืœื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื
12:43
who get up everyday
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ืืฉืจ ืงืžื™ื ื›ืœ ื‘ื•ืงืจ
12:45
to put their ideas on our television screens
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ืžืกืš ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื•
12:48
throughout all these ages of television.
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ืœื›ืœ ืื•ืจื›ื ืฉืœ ืขื™ื“ื ื™ ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื”ืืœื”.
12:50
They give it life on television, for sure,
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ื”ื ื ืชื ื• ืœื–ื” ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”, ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜,
12:53
but it's you as viewers,
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ืืš ืืœื• ืืชื ื”ืฆื•ืคื™ื,
12:55
through your collective social consciences,
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ื“ืจืš ื”ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืฉืœื›ืŸ,
12:58
that give it life, longevity,
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ืืฉืจ ื ืชื ื• ืœื–ื” ื—ื™ื™ื, ืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืžื™ื,
13:00
power or not.
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ื›ื•ื— ืื• ืฉืœื.
13:02
So thanks very much.
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ืื– ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื.
13:04
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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