What can we learn from shortcuts? | Tom Hulme

163,210 views ใƒป 2016-07-21

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ido Dekkers ืžื‘ืงืจ: Tal Dekkers
00:12
When we're designing new products,
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื›ื ื ื™ื ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื,
00:15
services or businesses,
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ืฉืจื•ืชื™ื ืื• ืขืกืงื™ื,
00:17
the only time you'll know if they're any good,
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ื”ืคืขื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืืชื ืชื“ืขื• ืื ื”ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื,
00:19
if the designs are good,
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ืื ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘,
00:21
is to see how they're used in the real world, in context.
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ื–ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ืš ื”ื ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™, ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื”ื”ืงืฉืจ.
00:26
I'm reminded of that every time I walk past Highbury Fields
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ืื ื™ ื ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ื›ืš ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื™ื“ ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™
00:30
in north London.
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ื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ.
00:32
It's absolutely beautiful.
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ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ืคื™ืคื”.
00:33
There's a big open green space.
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ื™ืฉ ืžืจื—ื‘ ื™ืจื•ืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืคืชื•ื—.
00:35
There's Georgian buildings around the side.
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ื™ืฉ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’'ื•ืจื’'ื™ืื ื™ื ื‘ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.
00:37
But then there's this mud trap that cuts across the middle.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืžืœื›ื•ื“ืช ื‘ื•ืฅ ืฉื—ื•ืฆื” ื‘ืืžืฆืข.
00:41
People clearly don't want to walk all the way around the edge.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืงืฆื”.
00:45
Instead, they want to take the shortcut,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื, ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ื“ืจืš,
00:47
and that shortcut is self-reinforcing.
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ื•ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื•.
00:50
Now, this shortcut is called a desire path,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ื’ื ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉืช,
00:54
and it's often the path of least resistance.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื“ืจืš ืขื ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื ืžื•ื›ื”.
00:56
I find them fascinating,
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ืื ื™ ืžื•ืฆื ืื•ืชืŸ ืžืจืชืงื•ืช,
00:58
because they're often the point where design and user experience diverge.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื•ื—ื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืžืชืคืฆืœื™ื.
01:04
Now at this point, I should apologize,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื–ื•, ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื ืฆืœ,
01:06
because you guys are going to start seeing these everywhere.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืืชื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
01:08
But today, I'm going to pick three I find interesting
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื, ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžื•ืฆื ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื
01:11
and share what actually it reminds me
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ื•ืื—ืœื•ืง ืžื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ื–ื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื™
01:13
about launching new products and services.
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ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืฉืงืช ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ืฉืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื.
01:17
The first is in the capital city of Brazil -- Brasilia.
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ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืขื™ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœ -- ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœื™ื”.
01:21
And it reminds me that sometimes,
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื™ ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื,
01:23
you have to just focus on designing for a real need
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ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืจืง ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืืžื™ืชื™
01:26
at low friction.
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ื‘ื—ื™ื›ื•ืš ื ืžื•ืš.
01:28
Now, Brasilia is fascinating.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืžืจืชืงืช.
01:29
It was designed by Niemeyer in the '50s.
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ื”ื™ื ืชื•ื›ื ื ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ื™ืžืื™ื™ืจ ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื” 50.
01:32
It was the golden age of flying,
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืกื”,
01:35
so he laid it out like a plane, as you can see there.
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ืื– ื”ื•ื ืžื™ืงื ืื•ืชื” ื›ืžื• ืžื˜ื•ืก, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืคื”.
01:38
Slightly worryingly,
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ืžืขื˜ ืžื“ืื™ื’,
01:39
he put most of the important government buildings in the cockpit.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืงืคื™ื˜.
01:43
But if you zoom in, in the very center of Brasilia,
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ืื ืื ืชืชืžืงื“ื•, ืžืžืฉ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœื™ื”,
01:45
just where the point is there,
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ืžืžืฉ ืื™ืคื” ืฉื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉื,
01:48
you see it's littered with desire paths.
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ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืœืื” ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉื•ืช.
01:50
They're absolutely everywhere.
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ื”ืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
01:53
Now, they thought that they had future-proofed this design.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื”ื ืขื™ืฆื‘ื• ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืœืขืชื™ื“.
01:55
They thought in the future we wouldn't need to walk anywhere --
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ื”ื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื ื ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืœื›ืช ืœืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื --
01:59
we'd be able to drive --
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ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ื’ --
02:00
so there was little need for walkways or pavements.
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืžื•ืขื˜ ื‘ืžื“ืจื›ื•ืช ืื• ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ ื”ืœื™ื›ื”.
02:04
But as you can see, there's a real need.
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ืื– ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืืžื™ืชื™.
02:07
These are very dangerous desire paths.
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ืืœื• ื”ืŸ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉื•ืช ืžืžืฉ ืžืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช.
02:09
If we just pick one, in the middle,
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ืื ืจืง ื ื‘ื—ืจ ืื—ืช, ื‘ืžืจื›ื–,
02:11
you can see it crosses 15 lanes of traffic.
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ื•ืฆื” 15 ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื ื•ืขื”.
02:14
It won't surprise you guys
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ื–ื” ืœื ื™ืคืชื™ืข ืืชื›ื ื—ื‘ืจื”
02:16
that Brasilia has five times the pedestrian accident rate
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ืฉื‘ื‘ืจื–ื™ืœื™ื” ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืคื™ ื—ืžืฉ ืฉืœ ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ ืจื’ืœ
02:20
of your average US city.
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ืžืขื™ืจ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช.
02:22
People are resourceful.
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ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉ ืชื•ืฉื™ื”.
02:24
They'll always find the low-friction route
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ื”ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ืžืฆืื• ืืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืขื ื”ื›ื™ ืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช
02:27
to save money, save time.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืกื•ืš ื›ืกืฃ, ืœื—ืกื•ืš ื–ืžืŸ.
02:30
Not all these desire paths are dangerous,
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ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืžืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช,
02:32
I was reminded flying here when I was in Heathrow.
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ื ื–ื›ืจืชื™ ื›ืฉื˜ืกืชื™ ืœืคื” ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื”ื™ืช'ืจื•.
02:35
Many of us get frustrated when we're confronted
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืžืชื•ืกื›ืœื™ื ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™
02:38
with the obligatory walk through duty-free.
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ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื“ืจืš ื”ื“ื™ื•ื˜ื™ ืคืจื™.
02:43
It was amazing to me
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™
02:44
how many people refused to take the long, meandering path to the left,
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ื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืกืจื‘ื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ืืจื•ืš ื”ืžืชืคืชืœ ืžืฉืžืืœ,
02:48
and just cut through to the right,
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ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื—ืชื›ื• ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืžื™ืžื™ืŸ,
02:50
cut through the desire path.
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ื—ืชื›ื• ื“ืจืš ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉืช.
02:52
The question that's interesting is:
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ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืช ื”ื™ื:
02:54
What do designers think when they see our behavior here?
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ืžื” ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื›ืฉื”ื ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืคื”?
02:58
Do they think we're stupid?
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ื”ืื ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื˜ืคืฉื™ื?
03:00
Do they think we're lazy?
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ื”ืื ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขืฆืœื ื™ื?
03:02
Or do they accept that this is the only truth?
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ืื• ื”ืื ื”ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื–ื• ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”?
03:04
This is their product.
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ื–ื” ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœื”ื.
03:07
We're effectively co-designing their product.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
03:10
So our job is to design for real needs at low friction,
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ืื– ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื ืœืขืฆื‘ ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื›ื•ืš ื ืžื•ืš,
03:15
because if you don't, the customer will, anyway.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ืืชื ืœื, ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸ ื™ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช, ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช.
03:19
The second desire path I wanted to share
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ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืฉืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื—ืœื•ืง
03:21
is at the University of California.
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ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”.
03:23
And it reminds me
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื™
03:24
that sometimes the best way to come up with a great design
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ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžืขื•ืœื”
03:28
is just to launch it.
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ื”ื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื•.
03:30
Now, university campuses are fantastic for spotting desire paths.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืงืžืคื•ืกื™ื ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื™ื ื”ื ืคื ื˜ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืจืฆื•ื™ื™ื.
03:34
I think it's because students are always late and they're pretty smart.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืื—ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื.
03:38
So they're dashing to lectures.
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ืื– ื”ื ืžืžื”ืจื™ื ืœื”ืจืฆืื•ืช.
03:39
They'll always find the shortcut.
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ื”ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ืžืฆืื• ืืช ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื“ืจืš.
03:42
And the designers here knew that.
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ื•ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ืคื” ื™ื“ืขื• ืืช ื–ื”.
03:44
So they built the buildings
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ืื– ื”ื ื‘ื ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื
03:46
and then they waited a few months for the paths to form.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื ื—ื™ื›ื• ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ื•ื•ืฆืจ.
03:49
They then paved them.
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ืื– ื”ื ืกืœืœื• ืื•ืชื.
03:51
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:52
Incredibly smart approach.
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ื’ื™ืฉื” ืžืžืฉ ื—ื›ืžื”.
03:54
In fact, often, just launching the straw man of a service
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื, ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื”ืฉื™ืง ืฉืจื•ืช ืื™ืฉ ืงืฉ
03:57
can teach you what people really want.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœืžื“ ืืชื›ื ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืจื•ืฆื™ื.
04:00
For example, Ayr Muir in Boston knew he wanted to open a restaurant.
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืื™ื™ืจ ืžื•ื™ื™ืจ ื‘ื‘ื•ืกื˜ื•ืŸ ื™ื“ืข ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืคืชื•ื— ืžืกืขื“ื”.
04:04
But where should it be?
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ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืคื” ื”ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช?
04:06
What should the menu be?
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ืžื” ื”ืชืคืจื™ื˜ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช?
04:08
He launched a service,
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื’ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืจื•ืช,
04:10
in this case a food truck,
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ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœื• ืžืฉืื™ืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ,
04:11
and he changed the location each day.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื” ืžื™ืงื•ื ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื.
04:14
He'd write a different menu on the side in a whiteboard marker
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ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ืชืคืจื™ื˜ ืฉื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืฆื“ ื”ืžืฉืื™ืช ืขืœ ืœื•ื— ืžื—ื™ืง
04:17
to figure out what people wanted.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืจืฆื•.
04:20
He now has a chain of restaurants.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืžืกืขื“ื•ืช.
04:22
So it can be incredibly efficient
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ืื– ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ืขื™ืœ ืžืื•ื“
04:24
to launch something to spot the desire paths.
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ืœืฉื’ืจ ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉื•ืช.
04:28
The third and final desire path I wanted to share with you
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ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื•ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืื™ืชื›ื
04:31
is the UNIH.
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ื”ื•ื ื” UNIH.
04:33
It reminds me that the world's in flux,
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ื”ื•ื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื™ ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืชืžื™ื“ื™,
04:35
and we have to respond to those changes.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
04:38
So as you'll guess, this is a hospital.
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ืื– ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ืžื ื—ืฉื™ื, ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื.
04:41
I've marked for you on the left the Oncology Department.
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ืกื™ืžื ืชื™ ืœื›ื ืžืฉืžืืœ ืืช ืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ืื•ื ืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
04:44
The patients would usually stay in the hotels down on the bottom right.
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ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืžืœื•ืŸ ืžื™ืžื™ืŸ ืœืžื˜ื”.
04:50
This was a patient-centered organization,
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืœื™ื,
04:52
so they laid on cars for their patients.
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ืื– ื”ื ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
04:55
But what they realized when they started offering chemotherapy
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ื›ืฉื”ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ื›ื™ืžื•ืชืจืคื™ื”
04:59
is the patients rarely wanted to get in cars.
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ื–ื” ืฉื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืจื—ื•ืงื•ืช ืจืฆื• ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช.
05:02
They were too nauseous, so they'd walk back to their hotels.
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ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืœื”, ืื– ื”ื ื”ืœื›ื• ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
05:06
This desire path that you see diagonally, formed.
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ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืืœื›ืกื•ืŸ ื ื•ืฆืจ.
05:09
The patients even called it "The Chemo Trail."
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ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืงืจืื• ืœื• "ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื›ื™ืžื•ืชืจืคื™ื”."
05:12
Now, when the hospital saw this originally,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืจืื” ื–ืืช ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ,
05:15
they tried to lay turf back over it, ignore it.
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ื”ื ื ื™ืกื• ืœื”ื ื™ื— ื“ืฉื ื—ื–ืจื” ืขืœื™ื•, ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžืžื ื•.
05:18
But after a while, they realized it was an important need
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ืื‘ืœ ืื—ืจื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืžื”, ื”ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื–ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘
05:21
they were meeting for their patients,
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ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื ืขื ื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื”ื,
05:23
so they paved it.
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ืื– ื”ื ืกืœืœื• ืื•ืชื•.
05:25
And I think our job is often to pave these emerging desire paths.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ืืœื•.
05:28
If we look back at the one in North London again,
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ืื ื ื‘ื™ื˜ ืื—ื•ืจื” ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื‘,
05:32
that desire path hasn't always been there.
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ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉืช ื”ื–ื• ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉื.
05:34
The reason it sprung up
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ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื”
05:36
is people were traveling to the mighty Arsenal Football Club stadium
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ื”ื™ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืœื›ื• ืœืืฆื˜ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืืจืกื ืœ ื”ืขื ืง
05:40
on game days,
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ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืžืฉื—ืง,
05:41
from the Underground station you see on the bottom right.
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ืžืชื—ื ืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ืชื—ืชื™ืช ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืžื™ืžื™ืŸ ืœืžื˜ื”.
05:44
So you see the desire path.
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ืื– ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉืช.
05:46
If we just wind the clock back a few years,
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ืื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืขื•ืŸ ืื—ื•ืจื” ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื,
05:48
when the stadium was being constructed,
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ื›ืฉื”ืืฆื˜ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื”,
05:51
there is no desire path.
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ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจืš ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉืช.
05:53
So our job is to watch for these desire paths emerging,
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ืื– ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช,
05:58
and, where appropriate, pave them,
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ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืžืชืื™ื, ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืื•ืชืŸ,
06:00
as someone did here.
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ื›ืžื• ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืขืฉื” ืคื”.
06:03
Someone installed a barrier,
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ืžืฉื™ื”ื• ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืžื—ืกื•ื,
06:06
people started walking across and round the bottom as you see,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืœื›ืช ืœื™ื“ ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืชื—ืชื™ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื,
06:09
and they paved it.
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ื•ื”ื ืกืœืœื• ืื•ืชื•.
06:10
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
06:12
But I think this is a wonderful reminder as well,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื• ื’ื ืชื–ื›ื•ืจืช ื ืคืœืื”,
06:14
that, actually, the world is in flux.
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ืฉืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืชืžื™ื“.
06:16
It's constantly changing,
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ื”ื•ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืžืฉืชื ื”,
06:17
because if you look at the top of this image,
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื ืืชื ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื™ื ืœืžืขืœื” ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื”,
06:19
there's another desire path forming.
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ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื“ืจืš ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉืช ื ื•ืฆืจืช.
06:23
So these three desire paths remind me
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ืื– ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื™
06:25
we need to design for real human needs.
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฆื‘ ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื.
06:29
I think empathy for what your customers want
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืืžืคืชื™ื” ืœืžื” ืฉื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื
06:32
is probably the biggest leading indicator of business success.
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ื”ื™ื ื›ื ืจืื” ื”ืกืžืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื.
06:36
Design for real needs
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ืขืฆื‘ื• ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื
06:38
and design them in low friction,
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ื•ืขืฆื‘ื• ืื•ืชื ื‘ื—ื™ื›ื•ืš ื ืžื•ืš,
06:41
because if you don't offer them in low friction,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ืืชื ืœื ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ื—ื™ื›ื•ืš ื ืžื•ืš,
06:43
someone else will, often the customer.
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ืขืฉื” ืืช ื–ื”, ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸ.
06:46
Secondly, often the best way to learn what people really want
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ืฉื ื™ืช, ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื
06:51
is to launch your service.
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ื–ื” ืœืฉื’ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื.
06:52
The answer is rarely inside the building.
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืจื—ื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ.
06:55
Get out there and see what people really want.
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ืฆืื• ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ื•ืจืื• ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืจื•ืฆื™ื.
06:58
And finally, in part because of technology,
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื—ืœืงื™ืช ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
07:01
the world is incredibly flux at the moment.
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ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื“ื”ื™ื ื›ืจื’ืข.
07:04
It's changing constantly.
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ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชื ื” ืœืœื ื”ืคืกืงื”.
07:05
These desire paths are going to spring up faster than ever.
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ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื™ ืคืขื.
07:09
Our job is to pick the appropriate ones
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ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช
07:12
and pave over them.
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ื•ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืื•ืชืŸ.
07:14
Thank you very much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื.
07:15
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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