How the jump rope got its rhythm | Small Thing Big Idea, a TED series

221,630 views ใƒป 2018-11-03

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Translator: Krystian Aparta Reviewer: Camille Martรญnez
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ืชืจื’ื•ื: Yael Ring ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Ido Dekkers
00:12
If you do it right, it should sound like:
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ืื ืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš, ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืžืข ื›ืžื•:
00:14
TICK-tat, TICK-tat, TICK-tat, TICK-tat, TICK-tat, TICK-tat.
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ื˜ื™ืง-ื˜ืง, ื˜ื™ืง-ื˜ืง, ื˜ื™ืง-ื˜ืง, ื˜ื™ืง-ื˜ืง, ื˜ื™ืง-ื˜ืง, ื˜ื™ืง-ื˜ืง.
00:18
If you do it wrong, it sounds like:
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ืื ืืชื ืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ื›ืžื•:
00:20
Tick-TAT, tick-TAT, tick-TAT.
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ื˜ื™ืง-ื˜ืง, ื˜ื™ืง-ื˜ืง, ื˜ื™ืง-ื˜ืง.
00:21
[Small thing. Big idea.]
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[ื“ื‘ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ. ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.]
00:25
[Kyra Gaunt on the Jump Rope]
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[ืงื™ืจื” ื’ืื ื˜ ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืœ ื”ืงืคื™ืฆื”]
00:28
The jump rope is such a simple object.
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ื—ื‘ืœ ื”ืงืคื™ืฆื” ื”ื•ื ื—ืคืฅ ืžืžืฉ ืคืฉื•ื˜.
00:31
It can be made out of rope, a clothesline, twine.
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืžื—ื‘ืœ, ื—ื‘ืœ ื›ื‘ื™ืกื”, ื—ื•ื˜ ืฆืžืจ.
00:34
It has, like, a twirl on it. (Laughs)
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ื–ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืžืกื•ืœืกืœ ื›ื–ื”. [ืฆื—ื•ืง]
00:37
I'm not sure how to describe that.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืื™ืš ืœืชืืจ ืืช ื–ื”.
00:38
What's important is that it has a certain weight,
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ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืžืฉืงืœ,
00:41
and that they have that kind of whip sound.
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ื•ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืฆืœื™ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืœืคื”.
00:44
It's not clear what the origin of the jump rope is.
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ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืžื” ืžืงื•ืจ ื—ื‘ืœ ื”ืงืคื™ืฆื”.
00:48
There's some evidence that it began in ancient Egypt, Phoenicia,
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ื™ืฉ ืขื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ืขืชื™ืงื”, ื‘ืคื™ื ื™ืงื”,
00:52
and then it most likely traveled to North America with Dutch settlers.
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ื•ืื– ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉื–ื” ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฆืคื•ืŸ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ืขื ื”ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ื”ื•ืœื ื“ื™ื.
00:56
The rope became a big thing when women's clothes became more fitted
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ื—ื‘ืœ ื”ืงืคื™ืฆื” ื”ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ ื›ืฉื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืคื›ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฆืžื•ื“ื™ื
01:01
and the pantaloon came into being.
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ื•ื”ืžื›ื ืกื™ื™ื ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื•ืžืฆืื•.
01:03
And so, girls were able to jump rope
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ื•ืื–, ื‘ื ื•ืช ื™ื›ืœื• ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ื‘ื—ื‘ืœ
01:06
because their skirts wouldn't catch the ropes.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื—ืฆืื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืœื ื ืชืคืกื• ื‘ื—ื‘ืœื™ื.
01:09
Governesses used it to train their wards to jump rope.
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ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืžืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ื‘ื—ื‘ืœ.
01:13
Even formerly enslaved African children in the antebellum South
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ืœื“ื™ ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื•ื ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช
01:16
jumped rope, too.
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ื’ื ื”ื ืงืคืฆื• ื‘ื—ื‘ืœ.
01:17
In the 1950s, in Harlem, Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens,
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ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-50, ื‘ื”ืืจืœื, ื‘ืจื•ื ืงืก, ื‘ืจื•ืงืœื™ืŸ, ืงื•ื•ื™ื ืก,
01:22
you could see on the sidewalk, lots of girls playing with ropes.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœืจืื•ืช ืžืœื ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืฉื—ืงื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ืจื›ื•ืช.
01:27
Sometimes they would take two ropes and turn them as a single rope together,
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืœื•ืงื—ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ ื—ื‘ืœื™ื ื•ืงื•ืฉืจื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื™ื—ื“ ืœื—ื‘ืœ ืื—ื“ ืืจื•ืš,
01:30
but you could separate them and turn them in like an eggbeater on each other.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ืื•ืชื ื•ืœืกื•ื‘ื‘ ืื•ืชื ืคื ื™ืžื”, ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื ื™, ื›ืžื• ืžืงืฆื™ืฃ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื.
01:34
The skipping rope was like a steady timeline --
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ื—ื‘ืœ ื”ืงืคื™ืฆื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื• ืฆื™ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ --
01:37
tick, tick, tick, tick --
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ื˜ื™ืง, ื˜ื™ืง, ื˜ื™ืง, ื˜ื™ืง --
01:38
upon which you can add rhymes and rhythms and chants.
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ืขืœื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื—ืจื•ื–ื™ื ื•ืžืงืฆื‘ื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื™ื.
01:42
Those ropes created a space
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ื”ื—ื‘ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื™ืฆืจื• ืžืจื—ื‘
01:44
where we were able to contribute to something
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ื‘ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœืชืจื•ื ืœืžืฉื”ื•
01:47
that was far greater than the neighborhood.
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ืฉื›ื•ื ื”.
01:49
Double Dutch jump rope remains a powerful symbol of culture and identity
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ื—ื‘ืœ ื”ืงืคื™ืฆื” ื”ื›ืคื•ืœ ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ืกืžืœ ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™ ืฉืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื–ื”ื•ืช
01:53
for black women.
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื•ืช.
01:54
Back from the 1950s to the 1970s,
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ืžืฉื ื•ืช ื”-50 ืขื“ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-70,
01:56
girls weren't supposed to play sports.
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ื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœืฉื—ืง ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ืกืคื•ืจื˜.
01:58
Boys played baseball, basketball and football,
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ื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื—ืงื• ื‘ื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืœ, ื›ื“ื•ืจืกืœ ื•ื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœ,
02:01
and girls weren't allowed.
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ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืืกื•ืจ.
02:03
A lot has changed, but in that era,
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ืฉืชื ื” ืžืื–, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”,
02:05
girls would rule the playground.
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ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื˜ื• ื‘ืžื’ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื.
02:07
They'd make sure that boys weren't a part of that.
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ื”ืŸ ื“ืื’ื• ืฉื‘ื ื™ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื–ื”.
02:10
It's their space, it's a girl-power space.
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ื–ื” ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœื”ืŸ, ื–ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ืขืฆืžื” ื ืฉื™.
02:12
It's where they get to shine.
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ื–ื” ื”ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื”ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชื‘ืœื˜.
02:14
But I also think it's for boys,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื’ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื–ื” ื’ื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœื‘ื ื™ื,
02:16
because boys overheard those,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืžืขื• ืื•ืชื,
02:17
which is why, I think, so many hip-hop artists
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ื•ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื”, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช, ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืืžื ื™ ื”ื™ืค-ื”ื•ืค
02:19
sampled from things that they heard in black girls' game songs.
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ื”ืขืชื™ืงื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ืฉืžืขื• ื‘ืฉื™ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉื—ื•ืจื•ืช.
02:23
(Chanting) ... cold, thick shake, act like you know how to flip,
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(ืฉืจื”) ... ืฉื™ื™ืง ืกืžื™ืš, ืงืจ, ืชืขืฉื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื™ืš ืœื”ืคื•ืš,
02:26
Filet-O-Fish, Quarter Pounder, french fries, ice cold, thick shake,
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ื“ื’ ืžื˜ื•ื’ืŸ, ื”ืžื‘ื•ืจื’ืจ, ืฆ'ื™ืคืก, ืฉื™ื™ืง ืกืžื™ืš ืงืจ ื›ืžื• ืงืจื—,
02:29
act like you know how to jump.
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ืชืขืฉื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื™ืš ืœืงืคื•ืฅ.
02:30
Why "Country Grammar" by Nelly became a Grammy Award-winning single
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ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœื” ื”ืฉื™ืจ "Country Grammar" ืฉืœ ื ืœื™ ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืคืจืก ื”ื’ืจืืžื™
02:34
was because people already knew
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ื”ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื™ืจื•
02:37
"We're going down down baby your street in a Range Rover ... "
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"We're going down down baby your street in a Range Rover ... "
02:40
That's the beginning of "Down down, baby, down down the roller coaster,
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ื–ืืช ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืฉืœ ",Down down, baby ,down down the roller coaster
02:44
sweet, sweet baby, I'll never let you go."
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sweet, sweet baby, I'll never let you go"
02:46
All people who grew up in any black urban community
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ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื’ื“ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืฉื—ื•ืจื”
02:49
would know that music.
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ื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื”ื–ืืช.
02:51
And so, it was a ready-made hit.
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ื•ื›ื›ื”, ื–ื” ื”ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื˜.
02:54
The Double Dutch rope playing helped maintain these songs
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ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ื‘ื—ื‘ืœ ืงืคื™ืฆื” ื›ืคื•ืœ ืขื–ืจ ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”
02:58
and helped maintain the chants and the gestures that go along with it,
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ื•ืขื–ืจ ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ื”ื—ืจื•ื–ื™ื ื•ื”ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืœื•ื• ืืœื™ื”ื,
03:02
which is very natural to what I call "kinetic orality" --
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื“ื™ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืงื•ืจืืช ืœื• "ืžืœื•ืœื™ื•ืช ืชื ื•ืขืชื™ืช" --
03:06
word of mouth and word of body.
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ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืคืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ.
03:09
It's the thing that gets passed down over generations.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจ ืžื“ื•ืจ ืœื“ื•ืจ.
03:12
In some ways, the rope is the thing that helps carry it.
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืคื ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื, ื”ื—ื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื” ืฉืขื–ืจ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื”.
03:15
You need some object to carry memory through.
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ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื“ืจื›ื• ืืช ื”ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ.
03:18
So, a jump rope, you can use it for all different kinds of things.
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ืื–, ื—ื‘ืœ ื”ืงืคื™ืฆื”, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
03:22
It crosses cultures.
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ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืฆื” ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช.
03:24
And I think it lasted because people need to move.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉืจื“ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื–ื•ื–.
03:28
And I think sometimes the simplest objects can make the most creative uses.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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