Peter van Uhm: Why I chose a gun

3,934,661 views ใƒป 2012-01-30

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Yubal Masalker ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:15
As the highest military commander of the Netherlands,
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ื›ืžืคืงื“ ืฆื‘ืื™ ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืœื ื“,
00:20
with troops stationed around the world,
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ืขื ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฆื‘ื ื”ืžืžื•ืงืžื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
00:23
I'm really honored to be here today.
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ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ืœื™
ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื.
00:27
When I look around this TEDxAmsterdam venue,
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ื‘ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื™ ื›ืืŸ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื™
ื‘ื›ื ืก TEDxAmsterdam ื–ื”,
ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ืงื”ืœ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“.
00:32
I see a very special audience.
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ืืชื ื”ืกื™ื‘ื”
00:36
You are the reason why I said yes
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ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื–ืžื ื”
00:40
to the invitation to come here today.
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ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื.
00:44
When I look around, I see people who want to make a contribution.
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ื˜ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื™,
ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืื ืฉื™ื
ื”ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืชืจื•ื,
00:50
I see people who want to make a better world,
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืื ืฉื™ื
ื”ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
00:55
by doing groundbreaking scientific work,
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžื“ืขื™ืช ื—ืœื•ืฆื™ืช,
ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืžืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช,
00:59
by creating impressive works of art,
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01:02
by writing critical articles or inspiring books,
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืžืืžืจื™ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช
ืื• ืกืคืจื™ื ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ ื”ืฉืจืื”,
ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืช-ืงื™ื™ืžื.
01:08
by starting up sustainable businesses.
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ื›ื•ืœื›ื ื‘ื—ืจืชื
01:11
And you all have chosen your own instruments
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ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉืœื›ื
ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื”
01:16
to fulfill this mission of creating a better world.
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ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืขื•ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
01:20
Some chose the microscope as their instrument.
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ืื—ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกืงื•ืค
ื›ื›ืœื™ ืฉืœื”ื.
01:24
Others chose dancing or painting,
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ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ืจื™ืงื•ื“ ืื• ืฆื™ื•ืจ
ืื• ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื›ืžื• ื–ื• ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืฉืžืขื ื•.
01:28
or making music like we just heard.
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ืื—ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ืขื˜.
01:31
Some chose the pen.
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01:33
Others work through the instrument of money.
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ืื—ืจื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื›ืกืฃ.
ื’ื‘ื™ืจื•ืชื™ื™ ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™,
01:38
Ladies and gentlemen, I made a different choice.
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ืื ื™ ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื ื”.
ืชื•ื“ื”.
01:56
Thanks.
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02:00
Ladies and gentlemen ...
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ื’ื‘ื™ืจื•ืชื™ื™ ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ --
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:04
(Laughter)
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02:06
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื.
02:12
I share your goals.
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ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช
02:15
I share the goals of the speakers you heard before.
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ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœืคื ื™ื™.
02:20
I did not choose to take up the pen,
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ืœื ื‘ื—ืจืชื™
ืœืื—ื•ื– ื‘ืขื˜,
02:26
the brush,
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ื‘ืžื›ื—ื•ืœ, ื‘ืžืฆืœืžื”.
02:28
the camera.
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02:30
I chose this instrument.
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ื‘ื—ืจืชื™ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื–ื”.
02:34
I chose the gun.
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ื‘ื—ืจืชื™ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื”.
ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืขืชื,
02:38
For you, and you heard already,
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02:40
being so close to this gun may make you feel uneasy.
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืจื•ื‘ื”
ื’ื•ืจื ืœื›ื ื—ื•ืกืจ ื ื•ื—ื•ืช.
02:47
It may even feel scary.
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ื–ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืคื—ื™ื“.
ืจื•ื‘ื” ืืžื™ืชื™
02:50
A real gun at a few feet's distance.
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ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ืžืกืคืจ ืžื˜ืจื™ื.
02:54
Let us stop for a moment and feel this uneasiness.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืขืฆื•ืจ ืœืจื’ืข
ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉ ืืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื ื•ื—ื•ืช.
02:59
You could even hear it.
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ื ื™ืชืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืื•ืชื”.
03:02
Let us cherish the fact
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ื”ื‘ื” ื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื”
03:04
that probably most of you have never been close to a gun.
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ืฉืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืจื•ื‘ื›ื
ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื‘ืงื™ืจื‘ืช ืจื•ื‘ื”.
ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ
03:11
It means the Netherlands is a peaceful country.
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ืฉื”ื•ืœื ื“ ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœื•ื•ื”.
03:15
The Netherlands is not at war.
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ื”ื•ืœื ื“ ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืžืœื—ืžื”.
ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื
03:19
It means soldiers are not needed to patrol our streets.
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ืฉื™ืคื˜ืจืœื• ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
03:24
Guns are not a part of our lives.
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ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื—ืœืง ืžื—ื™ื™ื ื•.
ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช
03:29
In many countries, it is a different story.
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ื–ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ.
03:34
In many countries, people are confronted with guns.
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ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช
ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืจื•ื‘ื™ื.
ื”ื ืžื“ื•ื›ืื™ื.
03:39
They are oppressed.
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ื”ื ืžืื•ื™ื™ืžื™ื --
03:41
They are intimidated --
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03:43
by warlords,
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ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืžืคืงื“ื™ ืฆื‘ื,
03:45
by terrorists,
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ื˜ืจื•ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ื,
ืคื•ืฉืขื™ื.
03:48
by criminals.
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ื ืฉืง ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืจื‘ื” ื ื–ืง.
03:50
Weapons can do a lot of harm.
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ื ืฉืง ื”ื•ื ื”ืกื™ื‘ื”
03:53
They are the cause of much distress.
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ืœื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืฆื•ืงื”.
03:56
Why then am I standing before you with this weapon?
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ืžื“ื•ืข ืื ื›ืŸ
ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ื›ืืŸ ืขื ืจื•ื‘ื” ื–ื”?
04:01
Why did I choose the gun as my instrument?
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ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื—ืจืชื™ ื‘ื ืฉืง
ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื”ื›ืœื™ ืฉืœื™?
04:06
Today I want to tell you why.
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ื”ื™ื•ื ืืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืžื“ื•ืข.
ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื
04:09
Today I want to tell you
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ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื—ืจืชื™ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื”
04:11
why I chose the gun to create a better world.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:14
And I want to tell you how this gun can help.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื
ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืจื•ื‘ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกื™ื™ืข.
ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ
04:21
My story starts in the city of Nijmegen
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ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื ื™ื™ืžื™ื›ืŸ
04:26
in the east of the Netherlands,
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ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ื•ืœื ื“,
04:29
the city where I was born.
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ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื” ื ื•ืœื“ืชื™.
04:33
My father was a hardworking baker,
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ืื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื”
ืื•ืคื” ื—ืจื•ืฅ, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื”
ืžืกื™ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืžืืคื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื•,
04:40
but when he had finished work in the bakery,
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04:42
he often told me and my brother stories.
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ื”ื•ื ื ื”ื’ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื™ ื•ืœืื—ื™ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื.
04:46
And most of the time,
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ื•ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
04:48
he told me this story I'm going to share with you now.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื–ื” ืฉืืฉืชืฃ ืืชื›ื ื‘ื•.
ื–ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืงืจื”
04:53
The story of what happened
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ืœ ืžื’ื•ื™ื™ืก
04:55
when he was a conscripted soldier in the Dutch armed forces
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ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ื ื”ื”ื•ืœื ื“ื™ื™ื
04:59
at the beginning of the Second World War.
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ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื ื™ื”.
ื”ื ืืฆื™ื ืคืœืฉื• ืœื”ื•ืœื ื“.
05:03
The Nazis invaded the Netherlands.
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ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืจืื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ืœื›ืœ.
05:06
Their grim plans were evident.
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ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœืฉืœื•ื˜
05:09
They meant to rule by means of repression.
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื“ื™ื›ื•ื™.
05:13
Diplomacy had failed to stop the Germans.
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ื”ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื” ื ื›ืฉืœื” ื‘ืขืฆื™ืจืช ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื.
05:17
Only brute force remained.
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ืžื” ืฉื ืฉืืจ ื–ื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ื•ื—.
05:21
It was our last resort.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžื•ืฆื ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•.
05:24
My father was there to provide it.
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ืื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
ื›ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ืงืœืื™
05:29
As the son of a farmer who knew how to hunt,
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ืฉื™ื“ืข ืœืฆื•ื“,
ืื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืœืฃ ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ.
05:33
my father was an excellent marksman.
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ,
05:36
When he aimed, he never missed.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื.
ื‘ืจื’ืข ืžื›ืจื™ืข ื–ื” ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืœื ื“
05:40
At this decisive moment in Dutch history
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ืื‘ื™ ื”ื•ืฆื‘
05:43
my father was positioned on the bank of the river Waal
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ืขืœ ื’ื“ืช ื”ื ื”ืจ ื•ืืœ
05:47
near the city of Nijmegen.
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ื‘ืงืจื‘ืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ื ื™ื™ืžื™ื›ืŸ.
05:50
He had a clear shot at the German soldiers who came to occupy a free country,
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื˜ื™ื•ื•ื— ื™ืฉื™ืจ ื•ื ืงื™ ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ืจืžื ื™ื
ืืฉืจ ื‘ืื• ืœื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ืืจืฅ ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื™ื”,
ืืจืฆื•,
05:57
his country,
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05:58
our country.
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ืืจืฆื ื•.
06:00
He fired. Nothing happened.
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ื”ื•ื ื™ืจื”. ื›ืœื•ื ืœื ืงืจื”.
06:03
He fired again.
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ื”ื•ื ื™ืจื” ืฉื•ื‘.
06:05
No German soldier fell to the ground.
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ืืฃ ื—ื™ื™ืœ ื’ืจืžื ื™ ืœื ื ืคืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื“ืžื”.
06:09
My father had been given an old gun
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ืื‘ื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœ
ืจื•ื‘ื” ื™ืฉืŸ
ืืฉืจ ืœื ื™ื›ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข
06:14
that could not even reach the opposite riverbank.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื’ื“ืช ื”ื ื”ืจ ืฉืžื ื’ื“.
ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื˜ืœืจ ืฆืขื“ื• ืคื ื™ืžื”,
06:19
Hitler's troops marched on,
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ื•ืื‘ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืื•ืžื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื–ื”.
06:22
and there was nothing my father could do about it.
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06:26
Until the day my father died,
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ืขื“ ืœื™ื•ื ืžื•ืชื•,
06:29
he was frustrated about missing these shots.
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ืื‘ื™ ื ืฉืืจ ืžืชื•ืกื›ืœ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืคืกืคื•ืก ืื•ืชืŸ ื™ืจื™ื•ืช.
ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื•.
06:34
He could have done something.
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06:36
But with an old gun,
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื ืจื•ื‘ื” ื™ืฉืŸ,
06:38
not even the best marksman in the armed forces
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืฆืœืฃ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื•ืฉื™ื
06:41
could have hit the mark.
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ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืžื˜ืจื”.
06:44
So this story stayed with me.
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ื›ืš ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื–ื” ื ืฉืืจ ืขื™ืžื™.
ืื—ืจ-ื›ืš ื‘ื‘ื™ืช-ืกืคืจ ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ,
06:48
Then in high school,
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06:49
I was gripped by the stories of the Allied soldiers --
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ื ืฉื‘ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื
ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ื‘ื ื•ืช-ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช --
06:54
soldiers who left the safety of their own homes and risked their lives
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ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืขื–ื‘ื• ืืช ื‘ื™ืชื ื”ื—ื ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื•ื—
ื•ืกื™ื›ื ื• ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื
06:59
to liberate a country
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ืขื
07:03
and a people that they didn't know.
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ืฉื”ื ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืจื•.
07:06
They liberated my birth town.
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ื”ื ืฉื—ืจืจื• ืืช ืขื™ืจ-ื”ื•ืœื“ืชื™.
07:09
It was then that I decided I would take up the gun --
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื– ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™
ืฉืืื—ื•ื– ื‘ื ืฉืง --
07:15
out of respect and gratitude for those men and women
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ืžืชื•ืš ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ืชื•ื“ื”
ืœืื•ืชื ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื
07:20
who came to liberate us.
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ืืฉืจ ื‘ืื• ืœืฉื—ืจืจื ื• --
ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื”ื›ืจื”
07:24
From the awareness that sometimes only the gun
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ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ืจืง ื”ืจื•ื‘ื”
ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ืฆื•ืฅ
07:29
can stand between good and evil.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืจืข.
ื•ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื”
07:34
And that is why I took up the gun --
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ืฉืื—ื–ืชื™ ื‘ื ืฉืง --
ืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืจื•ืช,
07:38
not to shoot,
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ืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจื•ื’,
07:40
not to kill,
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07:41
not to destroy,
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ืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืžื™ื“,
07:43
but to stop those who would do evil,
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ืืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ืืœื” ื”ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืจืข,
07:47
to protect the vulnerable,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœืฉื™ื,
07:50
to defend democratic values,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ื•ื ืŸ ืขืœ ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”,
07:53
to stand up for the freedom we have to talk here today in Amsterdam
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื—ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื•,
ื”ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื
ื‘ืืžืกื˜ืจื“ื
08:00
about how we can make the world a better place.
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ืขืœ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ื’ื‘ื™ืจื•ืชื™ื™ ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™,
08:04
Ladies and gentlemen,
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ืื™ื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื
08:06
I do not stand here today to tell you about the glory of weapons.
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ืขืœ ื”ื”ื•ื“ ื•ื”ื”ื“ืจ ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ื™ื.
ืื™ื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืจื•ื‘ื™ื.
08:12
I do not like guns.
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08:15
And once you have been under fire yourself,
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ืžืื•ืชื• ืจื’ืข ืฉืืชื” ืขืฆืžืš ื”ื™ื™ืช ืชื—ืช ืืฉ,
ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ื‘ื™ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช
08:20
it brings home even more clearly
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08:22
that a gun is not some macho instrument to brag about.
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ืฉืจื•ื‘ื” ืื™ื ื• ืื™ื–ื” ื›ืœื™ ืžืฆ'ื•ืื™ืกื˜ื™
ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ืชืจื‘ืจื‘.
08:28
I stand here today
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ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื
08:30
to tell you about the use of the gun as an instrument of peace and stability.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื”
ื›ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช.
08:38
The gun may be one of the most important instruments of peace and stability
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ื”ืจื•ื‘ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื
ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื
08:42
that we have in this world.
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ืœืžืขืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช.
ื–ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืฉืžืข ื›ืกืชื™ืจื”.
08:45
Now this may sound contradictory to you.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ืžื” ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ืžื• ืขื™ื ื™ื™
08:49
But not only have I seen with my own eyes
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08:53
during my deployments in Lebanon, Sarajevo
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ,
ืกืจืื™ื™ื‘ื• [ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ]
08:56
and as the Netherlands' Chief of Defence,
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ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืจืžื˜ื›"ืœ ืฆื‘ื ื”ื•ืœื ื“,
09:00
this is also supported by cold, hard statistics.
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ืืœื ื–ื” ื ืชืžืš ื’ื
ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื” ืงืจื” ื•ื‘ืœืชื™-ืžืชืคืฉืจืช.
ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื™ืจื“ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ื™ื›ืจ
09:07
Violence has declined dramatically over the last 500 years.
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš 500 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช.
ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช
09:13
Despite the pictures we are shown daily in the news,
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ืฉืžืจืื™ื ืœื ื• ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื‘ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช,
09:17
wars between developed countries are no longer commonplace.
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ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช
ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืฉื™ื’ืจื”.
09:22
The murder rate in Europe
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ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืจืฆื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”
09:23
has dropped by a factor of 30 since the Middle Ages.
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ื™ืจื“ื” ืคื™-30
ืžืื– ื™ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื.
09:28
And occurrences of civil war and repression
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ื•ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื›ื•ื™
09:31
have declined since the end of the Cold War.
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ืคื—ืชื• ืžืื– ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ืงืจื”.
ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื” ืžืจืื”
09:35
Statistics show that we are living in a relatively peaceful era.
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ืฉืื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื
ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœื•ื•ื” ื™ื—ืกื™ืช.
ืžื“ื•ืข?
09:41
Why?
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ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืคื—ืชื”?
09:43
Why has violence decreased?
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ื”ืื ื ืคืฉ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืฉืชื ืชื”?
09:46
Has the human mind changed?
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09:48
Well, we were talking about the human mind this morning.
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ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ืคื” ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืขืœ ื ืคืฉ ื”ืื“ื.
09:51
Did we simply lose our beastly impulses for revenge,
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ื”ืื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื™ื‘ื“ื ื• ืืช ื”ื“ื—ืคื™ื
ื”ื—ื™ื™ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืœื ืงืžื”,
09:56
for violent rituals,
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ืœืžืขืฉื™ื ืืœื™ืžื™ื,
09:58
for pure rage?
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ืœื–ืขื ืžื–ื•ืงืง?
10:01
Or is there something else?
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ืื• ืฉื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ?
10:04
In his latest book, Harvard professor Steven Pinker --
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ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ,
ืคืจื•ืคื™ ืžื”ืจื•ื•ืจื“, ืกื˜ื™ื‘ืŸ ืคื™ื ืงืจ --
10:08
and many other thinkers before him --
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ื•ื”ื•ื’ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื• --
10:10
concludes that one of the main drivers
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ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืกืงื ื” ืฉืื—ื“ ื”ืžื ื™ืขื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื
10:15
behind less violent societies
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ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช
10:18
is the spread of the constitutional state
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง
ื•ื‘ื™ืกื•ืกื”, ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืฉืœ
10:22
and the introduction, on a large scale,
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ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”
10:25
of the state monopoly on the legitimized use of violence --
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ืขืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช --
ืฉืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ื›ืฉืจ ืžื˜ืขื ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™,
10:30
legitimized by a democratically elected government,
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ื”ื›ืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ืœืžื™ื ื•ืื™ื–ื•ื ื™ื
10:36
legitimized by checks and balances and an independent judicial system.
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ื•ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืชืœื•ื™ื”.
10:42
In other words, a state monopoly
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ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”
10:45
that has the use of violence well under control.
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ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช
ื ืžืฆื ืชื—ืช ื‘ืงืจื” ืงืคื“ื ื™ืช.
10:51
Such a state monopoly on violence, first of all, serves as a reassurance.
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ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ืช ื›ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช,
ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ,
ื’ื•ืจื ืœื”ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ.
ื”ื™ื ืžื‘ื˜ืœืช ืืช ื”ืชืžืจื™ืฅ
10:59
It removes the incentive for an arms race
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ืœืžื™ืจื•ืฅ ื—ื™ืžื•ืฉ
11:02
between potentially hostile groups in our societies.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืขื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช
ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
11:06
Secondly, the presence of penalties
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ืฉื ื™ืช, ืงื™ื•ืžื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื ืฉื™ื
11:09
that outweigh the benefits of using violence
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ื”ืžืขืคื™ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ืฉื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช
ืžืขืฆื™ื ืขื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืื™ื–ื•ื ื™ื.
11:13
tips the balance even further.
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ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžืืœื™ืžื•ืช
11:16
Abstaining from violence
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ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืœื›ื“ืื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ
11:18
becomes more profitable than starting a war.
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ืžืืฉืจ ืคืชื™ื—ื” ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”.
11:22
Now nonviolence starts to work like a flywheel.
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ืื™-ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ
ื›ื’ืœื’ืœ ืชื ื•ืคื”.
11:28
It enhances peace even further.
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ื”ื™ื ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ืฉืœื•ื ืขื•ื“.
ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืกื›ืกื•ื›ื™ื,
11:32
Where there is no conflict, trade flourishes.
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ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ืžืฉื’ืฉื’.
11:36
And trade is another important incentive against violence.
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ื•ืžืกื—ืจ ื”ื•ื ืชืžืจื™ืฅ
ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช.
11:41
With trade, there's mutual interdependency and mutual gain between parties.
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ืขื ืžืกื—ืจ, ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืชืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช
ื•ืจื•ื•ื— ื”ื“ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.
11:48
And when there is mutual gain, both sides stand to lose more
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ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืจื•ื•ื— ื”ื“ื“ื™,
ืœืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื” ืœื”ืคืกื™ื“
ืžืืฉืจ ื”ืจื•ื•ื— ืฉื”ื ื™ืฉื™ื’ื•
11:53
than they would gain if they started a war.
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ืื ื™ืคืชื—ื• ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”.
ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืคืฉื•ื˜
11:58
War is simply no longer the best option,
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ืื™ื ื” ื”ืื•ืคืฆื™ื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
12:02
and that is why violence has decreased.
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืคื—ืชื”.
ื’ื‘ื™ืจื•ืชื™ื™ ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™, ื–ื”
12:08
This, ladies and gentlemen,
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ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ืงื™ื•ืžื
12:10
is the rationale behind the existence of my armed forces.
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ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื•ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื™.
12:15
The armed forces implement the state monopoly on violence.
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ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื•ืฉื™ื
ืื•ื›ืคื™ื ืืช ืžื•ื ื•ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช.
12:20
We do this in a legitimized way
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ืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ื•ืงื™
12:23
only after our democracy has asked us to do so.
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ืืš ื•ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืžืื™ืชื ื•
ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ.
ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ ื•ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืจ
12:30
It is this legitimate, controlled use of the gun
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ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื ืฉืง,
12:35
that has contributed greatly
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืชืจื ืจื‘ื•ืช
12:37
to reducing the statistics of war, conflict and violence around the globe.
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ืœืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ืžืœื—ืžื”,
ืกื™ื›ืกื•ื›ื™ื ื•ืืœื™ืžื•ืช
ืขืœ-ืคื ื™ ื›ื“ื•ืจ-ื”ืืจืฅ.
12:43
It is this participation in peacekeeping missions
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืœืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืฉืœื•ื
ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืคืชื™ืจืช
12:47
that has led to the resolution of many civil wars.
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ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช.
ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื ืฉืง
12:52
My soldiers use the gun as an instrument of peace.
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ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ื.
12:58
And this is exactly why failed states are so dangerous.
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ื•ื–ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช
ืฉื›ืฉืœื• ื”ืŸ ื›ื” ืžืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช.
13:03
Failed states have no legitimized, democratically controlled use of force.
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ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื›ืฉืœื•
ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™.
13:09
Failed states do not know of the gun as an instrument of peace and stability.
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ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื›ืฉืœื• ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ืจื•ื‘ื”
ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช.
13:16
That is why failed states can drag down a whole region into chaos and conflict.
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ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื›ืฉืœื•
ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื’ืจื•ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืื–ื•ืจ
ืœืชื•ืš ื›ืื•ืก ื•ืžืื‘ืงื™ื.
ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืคืฆืช
13:24
That is why spreading the concept of the constitutional state
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ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื—ื•ืง
ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ื›ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘
13:28
is such an important aspect of our foreign missions.
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ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉืœื ื•.
13:32
That is why we are trying to build a judicial system
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ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžื“ื•ืข
ืื ื• ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช
13:36
right now in Afghanistan.
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ืžืžืฉ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ.
13:39
That is why we train police officers, we train judges,
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ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžื“ื•ืข ืื ื• ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืงืฆื™ื ื™ ืžืฉื˜ืจื”,
ืื ื• ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื,
13:44
we train public prosecutors around the world.
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ืื ื• ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
13:47
And that is why --
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžื“ื•ืข --
13:49
and in the Netherlands, we are very unique in that --
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ื•ื‘ื”ื•ืœื ื“ ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ --
13:52
that is why the Dutch constitution states
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ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžื“ื•ืข ื—ื•ืงืช ื”ื•ืœื ื“ ืžืฆื”ื™ืจื”
ืฉืื—ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืขืงืจื™ื•ืช
13:56
that one of the main tasks of the armed forces
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ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื•ืฉื™ื
13:59
is to uphold and promote the international rule of law.
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ื”ื™ื ืœืชืžื•ืš ื•ืœืงื“ื
ืืช ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™.
ื’ื‘ื™ืจื•ืชื™ื™ ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™,
14:06
Ladies and gentlemen,
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14:07
looking at this gun, we are confronted with the ugly side of the human mind.
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ืจื•ื‘ื” ื–ื”,
ืื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™
ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืžื›ื•ืขืจ ืฉืœ ื ืคืฉ ื”ืื“ื.
14:15
Every day I hope that politicians, diplomats, development workers
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ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื”
ืฉืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื, ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื,
ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื—,
14:21
can turn conflict into peace
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ื™ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืกื›ืกื•ืš
ืœืฉืœื•ื
14:25
and threat
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ื•ืืช ื”ืื™ื•ื
14:27
into hope.
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ืœืชืงื•ื”.
14:29
And I hope that one day armies can be disbanded
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื” ืฉื™ื•ื ืื—ื“
ื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืคืจืง ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ืื•ืช
ื•ื‘ื ื™-ืื ื•ืฉ ื™ืžืฆืื• ื“ืจืš ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื—ื“
14:34
and humans will find a way of living together
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ืœืœื ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื›ื•ื™.
14:37
without violence and oppression.
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14:40
But until that day comes,
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ ืฉื™ื•ื ื–ื” ื™ื’ื™ืข,
ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืื™ื“ืืœื™ื
14:44
we will have to make ideals and human failure
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ื•ืœื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืฉ
14:49
meet somewhere in the middle.
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ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืฆืข.
ืขื“ ืฉื™ื•ื ื–ื” ื™ื’ื™ืข,
14:52
Until that day comes, I stand for my father
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ืื ื™ ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ืื‘ื™
ืืฉืจ ื ื™ืกื” ืœื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ืืฆื™ื
14:57
who tried to shoot the Nazis with an old gun.
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ืขื ืจื•ื‘ื” ื™ืฉืŸ.
15:01
I stand for my men and women who are prepared to risk their lives
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ืื ื™ ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื
ืืฉืจ ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืกื›ืŸ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื
15:07
for a less violent world for all of us.
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ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืคื—ื•ืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืœืžืขืŸ ื›ื•ืœื ื•.
ืื ื™ ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ื—ื™ื™ืœืช ื–ื•
15:12
I stand for this soldier who suffered partial hearing loss
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ืืฉืจ ืกื‘ืœื” ืžืื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ืขื” ื—ืœืงื™
ื•ื ืฉืื” ืคืฆื™ืขื•ืช ืžืชืžืฉื›ื•ืช ื‘ืจื’ืœื”,
15:18
and sustained permanent injuries to her leg,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืคื’ืขื” ืžื˜ื™ืœ
15:21
when she was hit by a rocket on a mission in Afghanistan.
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ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ื‘ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ.
15:27
Ladies and gentlemen,
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ื’ื‘ื™ืจื•ืชื™ื™ ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™,
15:29
until the day comes when we can do away with the gun,
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ืขื“ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ื™ื•ื ื–ื”
ืฉื‘ื• ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ืคื˜ืจ ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ื,
15:34
I hope we all agree
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžืกื›ื™ืžื™ื
15:37
that peace and stability do not come free of charge.
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ืฉืฉืœื•ื ื•ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช
ืื™ื ื ื‘ืื™ื ื—ื™ื ื.
ื–ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืงืฉื”,
15:43
It takes hard work, often behind the scenes.
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ืžืขืช ืœืขืช ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืงืœืขื™ื.
15:48
It takes good equipment and well-trained, dedicated soldiers.
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ื–ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘
ื•ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืžืกื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžืื•ืžื ื™ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘.
15:54
I hope you will support the efforts of our armed forces
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื” ืฉืชืชืžื›ื• ื‘ืžืืžืฆื™ื
ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื”ื—ืžื•ืฉื™ื
ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื
15:59
to train soldiers like this young captain
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ื›ืžื• ืกืจืŸ ืฆืขื™ืจื” ื–ื•
16:02
and provide her with a good gun,
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ื•ืชืกืคืงื• ืœื” ืจื•ื‘ื” ื˜ื•ื‘,
16:05
instead of the bad gun my father was given.
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืจื•ื‘ื” ืคื’ื•ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืื‘ื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœ.
ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื” ืฉืชืชืžื›ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื•
16:09
I hope you will support our soldiers when they are out there,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืฉื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ,
16:14
when they come home
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”
ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื ืคืฆืขื™ื
16:17
and when they are injured and need our care.
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ื•ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื ื•.
ื”ื ืžืกื›ื ื™ื ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื
16:21
They put their lives on the line, for us, for you,
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ืขืœ ืงื•ื•ื™ ื”ื—ื–ื™ืช, ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื•, ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื,
16:25
and we cannot let them down.
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ื•ืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื›ื–ื‘ื.
16:29
I hope you will respect my soldiers,
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื” ืฉืชื›ื‘ื“ื• ืืช ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื™,
ืืช ื—ื™ื™ืœืช ื–ื• ืขื ืจื•ื‘ื” ื–ื”.
16:34
this soldier with this gun.
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืขื•ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
16:37
Because she wants a better world.
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16:40
Because she makes an active contribution to a better world,
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืชื•ืจืžืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืขื™ืœ
ืœื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
16:45
just like all of us here today.
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื.
ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื.
16:49
Thank you very much.
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16:50
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)

Original video on YouTube.com
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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