Dan Buettner: How to live to be 100+

672,904 views ใƒป 2010-01-06

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Gad Amit ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:16
Something called the Danish Twin Study
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ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ืชืื•ืžื™ื ื”ื“ื ื™
00:18
established that only about 10 percent
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ืžืจืื” ืฉืจืง ื›10 ืื—ื•ื–
00:20
of how long the average person lives,
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ืžืชื•ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ืœืื“ื
00:23
within certain biological limits, is dictated by our genes.
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ืžื•ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื’ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืžืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช
00:26
The other 90 percent is dictated by our lifestyle.
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90 ื”ืื—ื•ื– ื”ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืžื•ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืžืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
00:31
So the premise of Blue Zones: if we can find the
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื›ื—ื•ืœื™ื: ืื ื ืžืฆื
00:33
optimal lifestyle of longevity
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ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžืœื™ ืœืชื•ื—ืœืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื”
00:35
we can come up with a de facto formula
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ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื ื•ืกื—ื”
00:38
for longevity.
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ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื.
00:40
But if you ask the average American what the optimal formula
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืชืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืžื”ื™ ื”ื ื•ืกื—ื”
00:42
of longevity is, they probably couldn't tell you.
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ื”ื ื›ื ืจืื” ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœืš.
00:45
They've probably heard of the South Beach Diet, or the Atkins Diet.
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ื”ื ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืžืขื• ืขืœ ื“ื™ืื˜ืช ืกืื•ื˜ ื‘ื™ืฅ' ืื• ืื˜ืงื™ื ืก.
00:48
You have the USDA food pyramid.
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ื”ื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืคื™ืจืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”USDA
00:50
There is what Oprah tells us.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉืื•ืคืจื” (ืžื ื—ื” ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช) ืžืกืคืจืช.
00:52
There is what Doctor Oz tells us.
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ื•ืžื” ืฉื“ืจ' ืื•ื– ืื•ืžืจ.
00:54
The fact of the matter is there is a lot of confusion
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ื•ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืœื‘ื•ืœ ืจื‘
00:57
around what really helps us live longer better.
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื” ืฉืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœื ื• ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื.
01:00
Should you be running marathons or doing yoga?
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ื”ืื ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืจื•ืฅ ืžืจืชื•ืŸ, ืื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื™ื•ื’ื”?
01:05
Should you eat organic meats
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ื”ืื ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืื•ื›ืœ ืื•ืจื’ื ื™,
01:07
or should you be eating tofu?
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ืื• ืฉืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื˜ื•ืคื•?
01:09
When it comes to supplements, should you be taking them?
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ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœืชื•ืกืคื™ื, ื”ืื ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืื•ืชื?
01:12
How about these hormones or resveratrol?
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ื•ืžื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื•ืจืžื•ื ื™ื ื•ืจืกื‘ืจืื˜ืจื•ืœ (ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžืจืคื ืฆืžื—ื™)?
01:15
And does purpose play into it?
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ื•ื”ืื ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื™ื™ืขื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ืืŸ?
01:17
Spirituality? And how about how we socialize?
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ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช? ื•ืžื” ืขื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช?
01:20
Well, our approach to finding longevity
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœื ื• ืœืžืฆื™ืืช ืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืžื™ื
01:22
was to team up with National Geographic,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื—ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื ืฉื™ื•ื ืœ ื’ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ืง
01:24
and the National Institute on Aging,
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ื•ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช
01:26
to find the four demographically confirmed areas
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ ืžื•ื›ื—ื™ื ื›ืื–ื•ืจื™ื
01:30
that are geographically defined.
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ืฉืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช
01:32
And then bring a team of experts in there
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ื•ืื– ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื
01:34
to methodically go through exactly what these people do,
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ืฉืชื‘ื“ื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™, ืžื” ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื,
01:37
to distill down the cross-cultural distillation.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื–ืงืง ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืจื‘ ืืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
01:41
And at the end of this I'm going to tell you what that distillation is.
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื”ืจืฆืื” ืืกืคืจ ืžื”ื ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื–ื™ืงื•ืง.
01:44
But first I'd like to debunk some common myths
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ืื‘ืœ ืจืืฉื™ืช ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ืš ื›ืžื” ืžื™ืชื•ืกื™ื
01:47
when it comes to longevity.
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ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœืชื•ื—ืœืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื”
01:49
And the first myth is if you try really hard
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ื•ื”ืžื™ืชื•ืก ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ: ืื ืชื ืกื” ืžืื“ ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช
01:52
you can live to be 100.
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ืชืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื’ื™ืœ 100.
01:54
False.
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ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
01:56
The problem is, only about one out of 5,000 people
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ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื, ืฉืจืง ืื—ื“ ืžื›ืœ 5000 ืื™ืฉ
01:59
in America live to be 100.
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ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื’ื™ืœ 100.
02:02
Your chances are very low.
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ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืฉืœืš ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
02:04
Even though it's the fastest growing demographic in America,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื–ื” ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ื”ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ ืฉื’ื“ืœ ื”ื›ื™ ืžื”ืจ,
02:07
it's hard to reach 100.
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ื–ื” ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื’ื™ืœ 100.
02:09
The problem is
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ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื
02:11
that we're not programmed for longevity.
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืชื•ื›ื ืชื™ื ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื.
02:15
We are programmed for something called
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื•ื›ื ืชื™ื ืœืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื ืงืจื
02:17
procreative success.
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"ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืจื‘ื™ื™ืชื™ืช".
02:20
I love that word.
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ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ืืช.
02:22
It reminds me of my college days.
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ื”ื™ื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืœื™ ืืช ื™ืžื™ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”.
02:25
Biologists term procreative success to mean
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ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ "ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืจื‘ื™ื™ืชื™ืช" ื”ื•ื
02:27
the age where you have children
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ื”ื’ื™ืœ ืฉื‘ื• ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื
02:30
and then another generation, the age when your children have children.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื’ื™ืœ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœืš ื™ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
02:33
After that the effect of evolution
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ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื”
02:35
completely dissipates.
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ื ืขืœืžืช ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ.
02:38
If you're a mammal, if you're a rat
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ืื ืืชื” ื™ื•ื ืง, ืื ืืชื” ื—ื•ืœื“ื”
02:41
or an elephant, or a human, in between, it's the same story.
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ืคื™ืœ, ื‘ืŸ ืื“ื, ืื• ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืืžืฆืข, ื–ื” ืื•ืชื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ.
02:45
So to make it to age 100, you not only have to have
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ืื– ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื’ื™ืœ 100, ืืชื” ืœื ืจืง ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืš
02:48
had a very good lifestyle, you also have to have won
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ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืขื•ืœื”, ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื–ื•ื›ื”
02:51
the genetic lottery.
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ื‘ืœื•ื˜ื• ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™.
02:53
The second myth is,
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ื”ืžื™ืชื•ืก ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื,
02:55
there are treatments that can help slow,
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ืฉื™ืฉ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืื˜,
02:58
reverse, or even stop aging.
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ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœืื—ื•ืจ ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช.
03:00
False.
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ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
03:02
When you think of it, there is 99 things that can age us.
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ื™ืฉ 99 ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื ื• ืœื”ื–ื“ืงืŸ.
03:06
Deprive your brain of oxygen for just a few minutes,
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ื—ื•ืกืจ ื—ืžืฆืŸ ืœืžื•ื— ืœื›ืžื” ื“ืงื•ืช,
03:08
those brain cells die, they never come back.
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ืชืื™ ื”ืžื•ื— ืžืชื™ื, ื•ื”ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื.
03:11
Play tennis too hard, on your knees, ruin your cartilage,
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ืžืฉื—ืง ื˜ื ื™ืก ื—ื–ืง ืžื“ื™ ื”ื•ืจืก ืืช ื”ืกื—ื•ืก ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื™ื™ื,
03:14
the cartilage never comes back.
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ื”ืกื—ื•ืก ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ.
03:16
Our arteries can clog. Our brains can gunk up with plaque,
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ื”ืขื•ืจืงื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืกืชื. ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืžืœื ื‘ืคืœืง,
03:19
and we can get Alzheimer's.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืœืฆื”ื™ื™ืžืจ.
03:21
There is just too many things to go wrong.
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ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืงืœืงืœ
03:23
Our bodies have 35 trillion cells,
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ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื ื• ืžื›ื™ืœ 35 ื˜ืจื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืชืื™ื
03:29
trillion with a "T." We're talking national debt numbers here.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ (ืฉืœ ืืจื”"ื‘).
03:33
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:34
Those cells turn themselves over once every eight years.
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ื”ืชืื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžืชื—ืœืคื™ื ื›ืœ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืฉื ื™ื.
03:37
And every time they turn themselves over
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื”ื ืžืชื—ืœืคื™ื
03:39
there is some damage. And that damage builds up.
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ื ื•ืฆืจ ื ื–ืง. ื•ื”ื ื–ืง ื”ื–ื” ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ.
03:41
And it builds up exponentially.
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ื•ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืขืจื™ื›ื™ืช (ืืงืกืคื•ื ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ืช).
03:43
It's a little bit like the days when we all had
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ื–ื” ืงืฆืช ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœื›ื•ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื•
03:45
Beatles albums or Eagles albums
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ืืœื‘ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉื™ื•ืช, ืืœื‘ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื ืคื™ื™ื
03:48
and we'd make a copy of that on a cassette tape,
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ื•ื”ืขืชืงื ื• ืื•ืชื ืœืงืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืžืข.
03:50
and let our friends copy that cassette tape,
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ื•ื ืชื ื• ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืœื”ืงืœื™ื˜ ืืช ื”ืงืœื˜ื•ืช.
03:52
and pretty soon, with successive generations
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ื•ื“ื™ ืžื”ืจ, ืขื ื”ืชื•ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช
03:54
that tape sounds like garbage.
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ื”ืงืœื˜ืช ื ืฉืžืขืช ื›ืžื• ื–ื‘ืœ.
03:57
Well, the same things happen to our cells.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืชืจื—ืฉ ืœืชืื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
03:59
That's why a 65-year-old person
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ื–ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื“ื ื‘ืŸ 65
04:01
is aging at a rate of about
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ืžื–ื“ืงืŸ ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉืœ
04:03
125 times faster
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ืคื™ 125 ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ
04:06
than a 12-year-old person.
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ืžืื“ื ื‘ืŸ 12.
04:08
So, if there is nothing you can do
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ื›ืš, ืฉืื ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœื•ื
04:10
to slow your aging or stop your aging,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืื˜ ืื• ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ืงืฆื‘ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช,
04:13
what am I doing here?
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ืžื” ืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื›ืืŸ?
04:15
Well, the fact of the matter is
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ืŸ
04:17
the best science tells us that the capacity of the human body,
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ืฉืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™,
04:21
my body, your body,
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ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื™, ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœืš,
04:23
is about 90 years,
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ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขืจืš 90 ืฉื ื”,
04:25
a little bit more for women.
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ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืื™ืฉื”.
04:27
But life expectancy in this country
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ืื‘ืœ ืชื•ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช
04:29
is only 78.
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ื”ื•ื ืจืง 78.
04:31
So somewhere along the line,
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ื›ืš ืฉืื™ืคื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื“ืจืš,
04:33
we're leaving about 12 good years on the table.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื–ื•ื ื—ื™ื 12 ืฉื ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื ืฆืœ.
04:38
These are years that we could get.
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ืืœื• ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ.
04:40
And research shows that they would be years largely free of chronic disease,
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ืœืคื™ ื”ืžื—ืงืจ, ืฉื ื™ื ืœืœื ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช,
04:46
heart disease, cancer and diabetes.
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ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘, ืกืจื˜ืŸ, ืกื•ื›ืจืช.
04:50
We think the best way to get these missing years
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ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช
04:53
is to look at the cultures around the world
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ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื
04:55
that are actually experiencing them,
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ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ.
04:57
areas where people are living to age 100
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ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื’ื™ืœ 100
05:00
at rates up to 10 times greater than we are,
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ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืฉืœ ืขื“ ืคื™ 10 ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉืืฆืœื ื•,
05:02
areas where the life expectancy
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ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืชื•ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื”
05:04
is an extra dozen years,
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ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืขืœ ื›ืชืจื™ืกืจ ืฉื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช,
05:06
the rate of middle age mortality is a fraction
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ื•ื™ื—ืก ื”ืชืžื•ืชื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืื—ื•ื– ืงื˜ืŸ
05:08
of what it is in this country.
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ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช.
05:11
We found our first Blue Zone about 125 miles
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ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื›-200 ืง"ืž
05:14
off the coast of Italy, on the island of Sardinia.
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ืžื”ื—ื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื”, ื‘ืื™ ืกืจื“ื™ื ื™ื”
05:17
And not the entire island, the island is about 1.4 million people,
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ื•ืœื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืื™, ื‘ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื›-1.4 ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื,
05:20
but only up in the highlands, an area called the Nuoro province.
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ืืœื ืจืง ื‘ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื, ื‘ืคืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืฆื™ื™ืช ื ื•ืจื•.
05:23
And here we have this area where men live the longest,
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ื•ื›ืืŸ ื”ืื–ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื• ืชื•ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
05:26
about 10 times more centenarians than we have here in America.
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ื‘ืขืจืš ืคื™ 10 ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื ื™ 100 ืžืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”.
05:29
And this is a place where people not only reach age 100,
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ื•ืœื ืจืง ืฉื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื’ื™ืœ 100,
05:32
they do so with extraordinary vigor.
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ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช ืขื ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื™ื•ืฆืืช ืžื”ื›ืœืœ.
05:34
Places where 102 year olds still ride their bike to work,
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ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ืŸ 102 ื ื•ืกืข ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืงื˜ื ื•ืข,
05:37
chop wood, and can beat a guy 60 years younger than them.
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ื—ื•ื˜ื‘ ืขืฆื™ื, ื•ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื ืฆื— ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ืžืžื ื• ื‘-60 ืฉื ื™ื.
05:42
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:44
Their history actually goes back to about the time of Christ.
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ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžืชืงื•ืคืช ื™ืฉื•.
05:47
It's actually a Bronze Age culture that's been isolated.
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ื–ื• ื‘ืขืฆื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ืช ืžืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื‘ืจื•ื ื–ื”.
05:49
Because the land is so infertile,
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืฉื˜ื— ืฉืœื”ื ืื™ื ื• ืคื•ืจื” ื›ืœืœ
05:51
they largely are shepherds,
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ื”ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืจื•ืขื™ ืฆืืŸ,
05:53
which occasions regular, low-intensity physical activity.
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ืฉืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืขื•ืฆืžื” ื ืžื•ื›ื”
05:56
Their diet is mostly plant-based,
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ื”ื“ื™ืื˜ื” ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืฆืžื—ื•ื ื™ืช,
05:59
accentuated with foods that they can carry into the fields.
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ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงื—ืช ืœืฉื“ื”.
06:02
They came up with an unleavened whole wheat bread
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ื”ื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื• ืœื—ื ืžื—ื™ื˜ื” ืžืœืื” ืœืœื ืฉืžืจื™ื
06:05
called carta musica made out of durum wheat,
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ืžื—ื™ื˜ืช ื“ื•ืจื•ื ืฉื ืงืจื "ื ื•ื˜ืืžื•ื–ื™ื›ื”",
06:07
a type of cheese made from grass-fed animals
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ื’ื‘ื™ื ื” ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืžื—ืœื‘ ืฉืœืฆืืŸ ื”ืžื•ื–ืŸ ื‘ืขืฉื‘
06:10
so the cheese is high in Omega-3 fatty acids
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื ืขืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ืื•ืžื’ื”-3
06:15
instead of Omega-6 fatty acids from corn-fed animals,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื•ืžื’ื”-6 ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื–ื•ื ื ืชื™ืจืก
06:18
and a type of wine that has three times the level
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ื•ืกื•ื’ ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื›ื™ืœ ืคื™ 3 ื™ื•ืชืจ
06:22
of polyphenols than any known wine in the world.
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ืคื•ืœื™ืคื ื•ืœื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื™ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื›ืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื
06:24
It's called Cannonau.
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ื”ื•ื ื ืงืจื "ื›ืื ื•ื ืื•"
06:26
But the real secret I think lies more
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ืกื•ื“ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื ืžืฆื
06:28
in the way that they organize their society.
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ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื” ืžืื•ืจื’ื ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื”ื.
06:30
And one of the most salient elements of the Sardinian society
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ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ืืœืžื ื˜ื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืกืจื“ื™ื ื™ืช
06:34
is how they treat older people.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ื”ื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
06:37
You ever notice here in America, social equity
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ื”ืื ืฉืžืชื ืœื‘ ืฉื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” ืฉื™ื
06:39
seems to peak at about age 24?
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ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 24?
06:42
Just look at the advertisements.
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ืจืง ืชืกืชื›ืœื• ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืกื•ืžื•ืช.
06:44
Here in Sardinia, the older you get
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ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืกืจื“ื™ื ื™ื”, ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืชืชื‘ื’ืจ
06:46
the more equity you have,
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ืขื•ืœื” ืขืจื›ืš,
06:48
the more wisdom you're celebrated for.
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ื•ืืชื” ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ื›ืžืชืš.
06:50
You go into the bars in Sardinia,
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ืืชื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื‘ืืจื™ื ื‘ืกืจื“ื™ื ื™ื”,
06:52
instead of seeing the Sports Illustrated swimsuit calendar,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ืขื ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื™ื,
06:54
you see the centenarian of the month calendar.
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ืืชื” ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืœื•ื— ื”ืฉื ื”.
06:58
This, as it turns out, is not only good for your aging parents
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ื•ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื ืจืง ืœื”ื•ืจื™ืš ื”ืžื–ื“ืงื ื™ื
07:02
to keep them close to the family --
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ื”ื ืฉืืจื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืžืฉืคื—ื”,
07:04
it imparts about four to six years of extra life expectancy --
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ื‘ืขืจืš ื•ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœ4-6 ืฉื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช,
07:07
research shows it's also good for the children of those families,
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ื–ื” ื’ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช,
07:10
who have lower rates of mortality and lower rates of disease.
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ืฉืœื”ื ื™ืฉ ืคื—ื•ืช ืชืžื•ืชื” ื•ืชื—ืœื•ืื”.
07:13
That's called the grandmother effect.
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ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ืืคืงื˜ ื”ืกื‘ืชื.
07:16
We found our second Blue Zone
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ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืฉื ื™
07:18
on the other side of the planet,
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ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ,
07:20
about 800 miles south of Tokyo,
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ื›-1300 ืง"ืž ืžื“ืจื•ื ืœื˜ื•ืงื™ื•,
07:23
on the archipelago of Okinawa.
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ื‘ืืจื›ื™ืคืœื’ ืฉืœ ืื•ืงื™ื ืื•ื•ื”.
07:26
Okinawa is actually 161 small islands.
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ืื•ืงื™ื ืื•ื•ื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืž161 ืื™ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื.
07:30
And in the northern part of the main island,
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ื•ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™,
07:32
this is ground zero for world longevity.
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ื ืžืฆื ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื.
07:34
This is a place where the oldest living female population is found.
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ื›ืืŸ ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจืช ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
07:40
It's a place where people have the longest disability-free
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ื›ืืŸ ืชื•ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
07:42
life expectancy in the world.
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ืœืœื ืžื—ืœื•ืช.
07:44
They have what we want.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื.
07:46
They live a long time, and tend to die in their sleep,
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ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ืืจื•ืš, ื•ื”ื ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœืžื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืชื,
07:48
very quickly,
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ืžื”ืจ ืžืื“,
07:50
and often, I can tell you, after sex.
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ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ื™ื—ืกื™ ืžื™ืŸ.
07:53
They live about seven good years longer than the average American.
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ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข.
07:56
Five times as many centenarians as we have in America.
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ื™ืฉ ืฉื ืคื™ ื—ืžืฉื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืื” ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืืžืจื™ืงื”,
08:00
One fifth the rate of colon and breast cancer,
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ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ืช ืžืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืชื—ืœื•ืื” ื‘ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“ ื•ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืžืขื™ ื”ื’ืก,
08:03
big killers here in America.
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ื”ืžื—ืกืœื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”.
08:05
And one sixth the rate of cardiovascular disease.
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ื•ืฉื™ืฉื™ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ ื•ื›ืœื™ ื”ื“ื.
08:08
And the fact that this culture has yielded these numbers
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ื•ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš
08:11
suggests strongly they have something to teach us.
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžื” ืœืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื•.
08:14
What do they do?
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ืžื” ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื?
08:16
Once again, a plant-based diet,
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ื›ืžื• ืงื•ื“ื, ื“ื™ืื˜ื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืฆืžื—ื™ื,
08:18
full of vegetables with lots of color in them.
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ืžืœืื” ื™ืจืงื•ืช ืขื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฆื‘ืข.
08:21
And they eat about eight times as much tofu
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ื•ื”ื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ืขืจืš ืคื™ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ืคื•
08:24
as Americans do.
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ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื.
08:26
More significant than what they eat is how they eat it.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื, ื–ื” ืื™ืš ื”ื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื.
08:30
They have all kinds of little strategies
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช
08:32
to keep from overeating,
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ืœืžื ื•ืข ืื›ื™ืœืช ื™ืชืจ,
08:34
which, as you know, is a big problem here in America.
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ืฉื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื–ื• ื‘ืขื™ื” ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”.
08:37
A few of the strategies we observed:
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ื”ื ื” ื—ืœืง ืงื˜ืŸ ืžื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืจืื™ื ื•:
08:39
they eat off of smaller plates, so they tend to eat fewer calories at every sitting.
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ื”ื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืžืฆืœื—ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช, ื•ื›ืš ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืคื—ื•ืช ืงืœื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื•ื—ื”.
08:43
Instead of serving family style,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช,
08:45
where you can sort of mindlessly eat as you're talking,
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ื›ืš ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื‘ืœื™ ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘,
08:48
they serve at the counter, put the food away,
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ื”ื ืžื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื“ืœืคืง, ืžืจื—ื™ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœ,
08:50
and then bring it to the table.
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ื•ืื– ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆืœื—ื•ืช ืœืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ.
08:52
They also have a 3,000-year-old adage,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื’ื ืคืชื’ื ื‘ืŸ 3000 ืฉื ื”,
08:54
which I think is the greatest sort of diet suggestion ever invented.
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ืฉื–ื• ื”ื“ื™ืื˜ื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื”ื•ืžืฆืื” ืื™ ืคืขื.
08:57
It was invented by Confucius.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืžืฆืื” ืข"ื™ ืงื•ื ืคื•ืฆื™ื•ืก.
08:59
And that diet is known as the Hara, Hatchi, Bu diet.
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ื•ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื‘ืฉื "ื”ืืจื, ื”ืื˜ืฆ'ื™, ื‘ื•"
09:03
It's simply a little saying these people say before their meal
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ืฉื–ื” ืคืชื’ื ืงืฆืจ ื”ื ืืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืืจื•ื—ื”
09:06
to remind them to stop eating when their stomach is [80] percent full.
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ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื›ืฉื”ื 80 ืื—ื•ื– ืžืœืื™ื.
09:10
It takes about a half hour for that full feeling
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ืœื•ืงื— ื›ื—ืฆื™ ืฉืขื” ืœืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉื•ื‘ืข
09:12
to travel from your belly to your brain.
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ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืžื”ื‘ื˜ืŸ ืœืžื•ื—.
09:14
And by remembering to stop at 80 percent
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ื•ื”ืชื–ื›ื•ืจืช ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ื‘-80 ืื—ื•ื–
09:17
it helps keep you from doing that very thing.
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ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ืœืš ื‘ื›ืš.
09:20
But, like Sardinia, Okinawa has a few social constructs
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ืื‘ืœ, ื›ืžื• ื‘ืกืจื“ื™ื ื™ื”, ื‘ืื•ืงื™ื ืื•ื•ื” ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช
09:23
that we can associate with longevity.
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ืฉืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืชื•ื—ืœืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื”.
09:26
We know that isolation kills.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื’.
09:28
Fifteen years ago, the average American had three good friends.
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ืœืคื ื™ 15 ืฉื ื” ืœืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื”ื™ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื.
09:32
We're down to one and half right now.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ืจื“ื ื• ืœืื—ื“ ื•ื—ืฆื™ ื›ืขืช.
09:34
If you were lucky enough to be born in Okinawa,
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ืื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืจื™ ืžื–ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืื•ืงื™ื ืื•ื•ื”
09:37
you were born into a system where you
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ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ืœืชื•ืš ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉื‘ื”
09:39
automatically have a half a dozen friends
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื‘ืจื™ื
09:42
with whom you travel through life.
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ืฉืื™ืชื ืืชื” ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ืš.
09:44
They call it a Moai. And if you're in a Moai
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ื”ื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื–ื” ืžื•ืื™. ื•ืื ืืชื” ื‘ืžื•ืื™
09:47
you're expected to share the bounty if you encounter luck,
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ืžืฆืคื™ื ืžืžืš ืœื”ืชื—ืœืง ื‘ืคืจืก ืื ืืชื” ื‘ืจ ืžื–ืœ,
09:51
and if things go bad,
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ื•ืื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื ืžืกืชื“ืจื™ื,
09:53
child gets sick, parent dies,
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ื™ืœื“ ื ืขืฉื” ื—ื•ืœื”, ื”ื•ืจื” ื ืคื˜ืจ,
09:55
you always have somebody who has your back.
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ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ืฉ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ืš.
09:58
This particular Moai, these five ladies
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ื”ืžื•ืื™ ื”ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ื”ื–ื”, ื—ืžืฉ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”
10:00
have been together for 97 years.
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ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื—ื“ 97 ืฉื ื™ื.
10:03
Their average age is 102.
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ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื•ื 102.
10:06
Typically in America
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ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ
10:08
we've divided our adult life up into two sections.
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ืื ื• ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืœืฉื ื™ ื—ืœืงื™ื.
10:12
There is our work life,
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ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื•,
10:14
where we're productive.
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ืฉื‘ื”ื ืื ื• ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื™ื.
10:16
And then one day, boom, we retire.
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ื•ืื– ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“, ื‘ื•ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืœืคื ืกื™ื”.
10:19
And typically that has meant
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ื•ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื”
10:21
retiring to the easy chair,
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ืœืคืจื™ืฉื” ืœื›ื™ืกื ื ื•ื—,
10:24
or going down to Arizona to play golf.
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ืื• ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืืจื™ื–ื•ื ื” ืœืฉื—ืง ื’ื•ืœืฃ.
10:27
In the Okinawan language there is not even
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ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืื•ืงื™ื ืื•ื•ื™ืช ืื™ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื•
10:29
a word for retirement.
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ืžื™ืœื” ืœืคืจื™ืฉื”.
10:31
Instead there is one word
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืžื™ืœื” ืื—ืช
10:33
that imbues your entire life,
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ื”ืžืžืœืืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœืš,
10:36
and that word is "ikigai."
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ื•ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื "ื”ื™ืงื™ื’ืื™"
10:38
And, roughly translated, it means
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ืฉื‘ืขืจืš ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžืช ืœ
10:40
"the reason for which you wake up in the morning."
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"ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืขื‘ื•ืจื” ืืชื” ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ".
10:43
For this 102-year-old karate master,
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ื”ื”ื™ืงื™ื™ืื’ื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ืŸ ื”102 ื”ื–ื”, ืžืืกื˜ืจ ื‘ืงืจืื˜ื”,
10:46
his ikigai was carrying forth this martial art.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื” ืฉืœื•.
10:50
For this hundred-year-old fisherman
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ืœื“ื™ื™ื’ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืŸ ื”ืžืื”
10:52
it was continuing to catch fish for his family three times a week.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื“ื•ื’ ื“ื’ื™ื ืœืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข.
10:55
And this is a question. The National Institute on Aging
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ื•ื–ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื”. ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœื–ื™ืงื ื”
10:57
actually gave us a questionnaire to give these centenarians.
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ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืฉืืœื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืื” ื”ืืœื”.
11:01
And one of the questions, they were very culturally astute,
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ื•ืื—ืช ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช, ื”ื ืคื™ืงื—ื™ื
11:03
the people who put the questionnaire.
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ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื•ืŸ.
11:05
One of the questions was, "What is your ikigai?"
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ืื—ืช ืžื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื”, "ืžื”ื• ื”ื”ื™ืงื™ื’ืื™ ืฉืœืš"
11:07
They instantly knew why they woke up in the morning.
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ื”ื ื™ื“ืขื• ืžื™ื“ ืœืžื” ื”ื ืงืžื• ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ.
11:12
For this 102 year old woman, her ikigai
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ืœื‘ืช ื”102 ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืงื™ื’ืื™ ืฉืœื”
11:14
was simply her great-great-great-granddaughter.
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ื”ื™ื” ื”ื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ื›ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ื›ื“ื” ืฉืœื”.
11:20
Two girls separated in age by 101 and a half years.
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ืฉืชื™ ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื”ืคืจืฉ ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ื 101 ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื™ื.
11:24
And I asked her what it felt like
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ื•ืื ื™ ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื” ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื”
11:26
to hold a great-great-great-granddaughter.
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื” ืืช ื”ื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ื›ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ื›ื“ื” ืฉืœื”.
11:29
And she put her head back and she said,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืฉื›ื” ืืช ืจืืฉื” ืœืื—ื•ืจ ื•ืืžืจื”,
11:31
"It feels like leaping into heaven."
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"ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ืœืชื•ืš ื’ืŸ ืขื“ืŸ".
11:34
I thought that was a wonderful thought.
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ืื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื–ืืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื ืคืœืื”.
11:36
My editor at Geographic
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ื”ืขื•ืจืš ืฉืœื™ ื‘ื ืฉื™ื•ื ืœ ื’ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ืง
11:38
wanted me to find America's Blue Zone.
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ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™.
11:40
And for a while we looked on the prairies of Minnesota,
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ื•ืœื–ืžืŸ ืžื” ื‘ื“ืงื ื• ืืช ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ืกื•ื˜ื”,
11:43
where actually there is a very high proportion of centenarians.
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ื‘ื”ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืื—ื•ื– ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืื”.
11:46
But that's because all the young people left.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืขื–ื‘ื•.
11:49
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
11:52
So, we turned to the data again.
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ืื– ื—ื–ืจื ื• ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ืชื•ื ื™ื.
11:54
And we found America's longest-lived population
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ื•ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืžืืจื™ื›ื”-ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”
11:57
among the Seventh-Day Adventists
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ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ืื“ื•ืงื” ืฉื ืงืจืืช 'ืื“ื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ื'
11:59
concentrated in and around Loma Linda, California.
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ื•ืžืจื•ื›ื–ืช ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืœื•ืžื” ืœื™ื ื“ื” ื‘ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”.
12:03
Adventists are conservative Methodists.
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ื”'ืื“ื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ื' ื”ื™ื ื ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืžืจื ื™ื.
12:06
They celebrate their Sabbath
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ื”ื ื—ื•ื’ื’ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืžื”ืฉืงื™ืขื”
12:09
from sunset on Friday till sunset on Saturday.
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ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื•ืขื“ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ืช.
12:12
A "24-hour sanctuary in time," they call it.
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"24 ืฉืขื•ืช ืžืคืœื˜" ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื–ื”.
12:16
And they follow five little habits
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ื•ื”ื ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื
12:19
that conveys to them extraordinary longevity,
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ืฉืžืขื ื™ืงื™ื ืœื”ื ืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื“ื•ืคืŸ.
12:22
comparatively speaking.
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื—ืกื™.
12:24
In America here, life expectancy
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ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ืื•ืจืš ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืฆืคื•ื™
12:26
for the average woman is 80.
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ืœืื™ืฉื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ื”ื•ื 80.
12:28
But for an Adventist woman,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืื™ืฉื” ื”ืื“ื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ืกื˜ืกื™ืช,
12:30
their life expectancy is 89.
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ืชื•ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื”ื™ื 89.
12:33
And the difference is even more pronounced among men,
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ื•ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื,
12:35
who are expected to live about 11 years
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ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช 11 ืฉื ื™ื
12:37
longer than their American counterparts.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข.
12:40
Now, this is a study that followed
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ื•ื”ื ื” ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจื™
12:42
about 70,000 people for 30 years.
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ื›-70,000 ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืš 30 ืฉื ื™ื.
12:45
Sterling study. And I think it supremely illustrates
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ืžื—ืงืจ ืžื‘ื•ืงืจ ืžืขื•ืœื” ืฉืžืžื—ื™ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ
12:49
the premise of this Blue Zone project.
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ืืช ื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœื™ื.
12:52
This is a heterogeneous community.
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ื–ืืช ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื˜ืจื•ื’ื ื™ืช.
12:54
It's white, black, Hispanic, Asian.
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ื”ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื”, ืฉื—ื•ืจื”, ืžืงืกื™ืงื ื™ืช, ืืกื™ื™ืชื™ืช.
12:57
The only thing that they have in common are a set of
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœื”ื ื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืจ
12:59
very small lifestyle habits
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ืžืฆื•ืžืฆื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื
13:01
that they follow ritualistically
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ืฉื”ื ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ื‘ืกื“ื™ืจื•ืช
13:03
for most of their lives.
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ืœืžืฉืš ืจื•ื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื”ื
13:05
They take their diet directly from the Bible.
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ื”ื“ื™ืื˜ื” ืฉืœื”ื ืœืงื•ื—ื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”
13:07
Genesis: Chapter one, Verse [29],
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ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื', ืคืกื•ืง ื›"ื˜
13:10
where God talks about legumes and seeds,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืงื˜ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื–ืจืขื™ื,
13:13
and on one more stanza about green plants,
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ื•ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืงื˜ืข ืื—ื“ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœืฆืžื—ื™ื ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื,
13:16
ostensibly missing is meat.
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ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื—ืกืจ ื‘ืฉืจ.
13:18
They take this sanctuary in time very serious.
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ื”ื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœืฉื‘ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช.
13:21
For 24 hours every week,
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ื‘ืžืฉืš 24 ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข,
13:24
no matter how busy they are, how stressed out they are at work,
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ืœื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ืžื” ื”ื ืขืกื•ืงื™ื, ื›ืžื” ื”ื ืœื—ื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
13:27
where the kids need to be driven,
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ืœืืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืกื™ืข ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื,
13:29
they stop everything and they focus on their God,
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ื”ื ืขื•ื–ื‘ื™ื ื”ื›ืœ ื•ืžืชืจื›ื–ื™ื ื‘ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื,
13:32
their social network, and then, hardwired right in the religion,
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ื‘ืจืฉืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื, ื•ืื–, ืžืงื•ืฉืจ ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื“ืช
13:35
are nature walks.
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ื‘ืฆืขื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข.
13:38
And the power of this is not that it's done occasionally,
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ื•ื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉืœ ื–ื” ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืœืคืขืžื™ื,
13:40
the power is it's done every week for a lifetime.
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ืืœื ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
13:44
None of it's hard. None of it costs money.
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ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื–ื” ืœื ืงืฉื” ืื• ืขื•ืœื” ื›ืกืฃ.
13:46
Adventists also tend to hang out with other Adventists.
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ื”ืื“ื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื‘ืœื•ืช ืขื ืื“ื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
13:49
So, if you go to an Adventist's party
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ื›ืš ืฉืื ืืชื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืžืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืื“ื•ื ื˜ื™ืกื˜
13:51
you don't see people swilling Jim Beam or rolling a joint.
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ืœื ืชืจืื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืฉืชื›ืจื™ื ืื• ืžื’ืœื’ืœื™ื ื’'ื•ื™ื ื˜.
13:54
Instead they're talking about their next nature walk,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ื” ื”ื ื™ื“ื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ ื˜ื‘ืข,
13:58
exchanging recipes, and yes, they pray.
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ื”ื—ืœืคืช ืžืชื›ื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ, ื”ื ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื.
14:01
But they influence each other in profound and measurable ways.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื“ื”.
14:06
This is a culture that has yielded Ellsworth Whareham.
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ื–ืืช ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืžืžื ื” ื™ืฆื
14:09
Ellsworth Whareham is 97 years old.
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ืืœืกื•ื•ืจื˜ ื•ื•ืืจืื ื‘ืŸ 97.
14:11
He's a multimillionaire,
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ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืœื˜ื™-ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ืจ,
14:13
yet when a contractor wanted 6,000 dollars
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืงื‘ืœืŸ ืฉื™ืคื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ 6000 ื“ื•ืœืจ
14:17
to build a privacy fence,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื’ื“ืจ,
14:19
he said, "For that kind of money I'll do it myself."
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ "ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื›ื–ื” ืื ื™ ืืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื™"
14:21
So for the next three days he was out shoveling cement,
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ืื– ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื, ื”ื•ื ืขืจื‘ื‘ ื‘ื˜ื•ืŸ,
14:24
and hauling poles around.
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ื•ื’ืจืจ ืžื•ื˜ื•ืช.
14:26
And predictably, perhaps, on the fourth day
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ื•ื›ืฆืคื•ื™, ืื•ืœื™, ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™
14:28
he ended up in the operating room.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื—ื“ืจ ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื—.
14:32
But not as the guy on the table;
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืžื ื•ืชื—;
14:35
the guy doing open-heart surgery.
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ืืœื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืžื ืชื—. ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 97
14:39
At 97 he still does 20 open-heart surgeries every month.
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ื”ื•ื ืขื“ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืฆืข 20 ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ ืœื‘-ืคืชื•ื— ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ.
14:45
Ed Rawlings, 103 years old now,
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ืื“ ืจืื•ื•ืœื™ื ื’, ื›ืขืช ื‘ืŸ 103,
14:48
an active cowboy, starts his morning with a swim.
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ื”ื™ื ื• ืงืื•ื•ื‘ื•ื™ ืคืขื™ืœ, ื”ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืฉื—ื™ื™ื”.
14:51
And on weekends he likes to put on the boards,
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื•ื ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืœื•ื—ื•ืช,
14:53
throw up rooster tails.
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ื•ืžืจืื” ืœื ื• ืืช ืฉื•ื‘ืœ ื”ืงืฆืฃ ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™,
14:56
And then Marge Deton.
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ื•ื”ื ื” ืžืืจื’' ื“ื˜ื•ืŸ.
14:58
Marge is 104.
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ืžืืจื’' ื‘ืช 104.
15:00
Her grandson actually lives in the Twin Cities here.
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ื”ื ื›ื“ ืฉืœื” ื—ื™ ื‘ืฆืžื“ ื”ืขืจื™ื ื›ืืŸ.
15:02
She starts her day with lifting weights.
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ื”ื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืืช ื™ื•ืžื” ื‘ื”ืจืžืช ืžืฉืงื•ืœื•ืช.
15:04
She rides her bicycle.
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ื”ื™ื ืจื•ื›ื‘ืช ืขืœ ืื•ืคื ื™ื”.
15:06
And then she gets in her root-beer colored
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ื•ืื– ื”ื™ื ื ื›ื ืกืช ืœืงืื“ื™ืœืง ืกื•ื•ื™ืœ
15:08
1994 Cadillac Seville,
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ืฉืœื” ืžืฉื ืช 1994 ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ื‘ื™ืจื”
15:11
and tears down the San Bernardino freeway,
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ื•"ืงื•ืจืขืช" ืืช ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืกืืŸ-ื‘ืจื ื“ื™ื ื•,
15:13
where she still volunteers for seven different organizations.
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ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื“ื™ืŸ ืžืชื ื“ื‘ืช ืœืฉื‘ืขื” ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
15:17
I've been on 19 hardcore expeditions.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘19 ืžืฉืœื—ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช.
15:20
I'm probably the only person you'll ever meet
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ืื ื™ ื›ื ืจืื” ื”ืื“ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืชืคื’ืฉื•
15:22
who rode his bicycle across
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ืฉื—ืฆื” ืขื ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื
15:24
the Sahara desert without sunscreen.
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ืืช ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืกืขืจื” ืœืœื ืžื’ืŸ ืฉืžืฉ.
15:26
But I'll tell you, there is no adventure more harrowing
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืื’ื™ื“ ืœื›ื, ืื™ืŸ ื”ืจืคืชืงืื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืœื—ื™ืฆื”
15:29
than riding shotgun with Marge Deton.
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ืžืืฉืจ ืœืฉื‘ืช ืœื™ื“ ืžืืจื’' ื”ื ื”ื’ืช.
15:33
"A stranger is a friend I haven't met yet!" she'd say to me.
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"ื–ืจ ื”ื•ื ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื›ืจืชื™" ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช.
15:38
So, what are the common denominators
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ืื–, ืžื”ื• ื”ืžื›ื ื” ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ
15:40
in these three cultures?
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ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื”?
15:42
What are the things that they all do?
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ืžื”ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ื›ื•ืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื?
15:44
And we managed to boil it down to nine.
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ื•ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ืœืฆืžืฆื ืื•ืชื ืœืชืฉืขื”.
15:48
In fact we've done two more Blue Zone expeditions since this
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ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืขื•ื“ ืฉื ื™ ืžืฉืœื—ื•ืช ืœืื™ื–ื•ืจื™ื ื›ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืื–
15:51
and these common denominators hold true.
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ื•ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืขื“ื™ืŸ ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื.
15:54
And the first one,
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ื•ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื,
15:56
and I'm about to utter a heresy here,
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ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื›ืคื™ืจื”,
15:59
none of them exercise,
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ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืœื ืžืชืขืžืœ,
16:01
at least the way we think of exercise.
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ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœื ื”ืชืขืžืœื•ืช ืจื’ื™ืœื”.
16:03
Instead, they set up their lives
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ื”, ื”ื ืžืกื“ืจื™ื ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื›ืš
16:06
so that they are constantly nudged into physical activity.
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ืฉื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ื ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช.
16:09
These 100-year-old Okinawan women
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ื ืฉื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ื ื•ืช 100 ืžืื•ืงื™ื ืื•ื•ื”
16:12
are getting up and down off the ground, they sit on the floor,
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ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืจืฆืคื”, ื•ืงืžื•ืช ื•ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช
16:15
30 or 40 times a day.
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30 ืื• 40 ืคืขื ื‘ื™ื•ื.
16:17
Sardinians live in vertical houses, up and down the stairs.
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ื”ืกืจื“ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื ืื ื›ื™ื™ื, ืขื•ืœื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช.
16:20
Every trip to the store, or to church
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ื›ืœ ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื—ื ื•ืช, ืื• ืœื›ื ืกื™ื™ื”
16:23
or to a friend's house occasions a walk.
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ืื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื”.
16:26
They don't have any conveniences.
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ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืฉื•ื ื ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช.
16:28
There is not a button to push to do yard work or house work.
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ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื›ืคืชื•ืจ ืœืœื—ื•ืฅ ืฉื™ื‘ืฆืข ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืื• ื”ื’ื™ื ื”.
16:30
If they want to mix up a cake, they're doing it by hand.
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ืื ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืขื•ื’ื”, ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช ื‘ื™ื“.
16:33
That's physical activity.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช
16:35
That burns calories just as much as going on the treadmill does.
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ืฉืฉื•ืจืคืช ืงืœื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ืœืคื—ื•ืฅ ื›ืžื• ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ืŸ.
16:38
When they do do intentional physical activity,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช,
16:41
it's the things they enjoy. They tend to walk,
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ืืœื• ื”ื ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ื ื”ื ื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข. ื”ื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœืœื›ืช,
16:44
the only proven way to stave off cognitive decline,
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ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ืžื•ื›ื—ืช ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืชื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื”,
16:47
and they all tend to have a garden.
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ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื’ื™ื ื”.
16:50
They know how to set up their life in the right way
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ื”ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืื™ืš ืœืกื“ืจ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื”
16:52
so they have the right outlook.
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ื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
16:54
Each of these cultures take time to downshift.
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ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืœื•ืงื—ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ื™ืจื’ืข.
16:57
The Sardinians pray. The Seventh-Day Adventists pray.
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ื”ืกืจื“ื™ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื. ื”ืื“ื•ื•ื ื˜ืกื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื.
17:00
The Okinawans have this ancestor veneration.
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ื”ืื•ืงื™ื ืื•ื•ื™ื ืžื•ืงื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื.
17:03
But when you're in a hurry or stressed out,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžืžื”ืจ ืื• ืœื—ื•ืฅ
17:05
that triggers something called the inflammatory response,
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ื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื“ืœืงืชื™ืช.
17:07
which is associated with everything from Alzheimer's
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ืฉืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืžื—ืœืช ื”ืืœืฆื”ื™ืžืจ
17:09
disease to cardiovascular disease.
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ืขื“ ืœืžื—ืœื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื“ื ื•ืœื‘.
17:13
When you slow down for 15 minutes a day
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืžืื˜ ืืช ื”ืงืฆื‘ 15 ื“ืงื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื
17:15
you turn that inflammatory state
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ืืชื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื“ืœืงืชื™
17:17
into a more anti-inflammatory state.
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ืœืžืฆื‘ ืื ื˜ื™-ื“ืœืงืชื™.
17:20
They have vocabulary for sense of purpose,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžื™ืœื™ื ืœื™ื™ืขื•ื“,
17:23
ikigai, like the Okinawans.
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ืื™ืงื™ื’ื™, ืืฆืœ ื”ืื•ืงื™ื ืื•ื•ื™ื.
17:25
You know the two most dangerous years in your life
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืžืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื
17:27
are the year you're born, because of infant mortality,
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ื”ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื” ื‘ื” ื ื•ืœื“ืชื, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืชืžื•ืชืช ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช,
17:31
and the year you retire.
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ื•ืฉื ืช ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื” ืฉืœืš,
17:33
These people know their sense of purpose,
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ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืืœื” ื™ืฉื ื” ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“,
17:35
and they activate in their life, that's worth about seven years
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ื•ื”ื ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื›ืš ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื, ื–ื” ืฉื•ื•ื” ื›-7 ืฉื ื™ื
17:37
of extra life expectancy.
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ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช, ืฉืœ ืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืžื™ื.
17:40
There's no longevity diet.
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ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื“ื™ืื˜ืช ืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืžื™ื.
17:42
Instead, these people drink a little bit every day,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื, ืื ืฉื™ื ืืœื” ืฉื•ืชื™ื ืงืฆืช ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื,
17:44
not a hard sell to the American population.
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ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืงืฉื” ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืœืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื.
17:46
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
17:47
They tend to eat a plant-based diet.
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ื”ื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืจื•ื—ื•ืช ืฆืžื—ื•ื ื™ื•ืช.
17:50
Doesn't mean they don't eat meat, but lots of beans and nuts.
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ื”ื ื›ืŸ ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืฉืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืงื˜ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื’ื•ื–ื™ื.
17:52
And they have strategies to keep from overeating,
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ืื›ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™,
17:55
little things that nudge them away from the table at the right time.
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ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืฉืžืกื™ื˜ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืžื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
17:58
And then the foundation of all this is how they connect.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื.
18:01
They put their families first,
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ื”ื ืฉืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื›ืœ,
18:03
take care of their children and their aging parents.
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ื”ื ื“ื•ืื’ื™ื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื ื•ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื”ื ื”ืžื–ื“ืงื ื™ื.
18:05
They all tend to belong to a faith-based community,
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ื”ื ืžืฉืชื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ื‘ืขืœืช-ืืžื•ื ื”,
18:09
which is worth between four and 14
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ืฉื–ื” ืฉื•ื•ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ 4 ืœ14
18:11
extra years of life expectancy
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ืฉื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื
18:13
if you do it four times a month.
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ืื ืืชื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื–ื” 4 ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ.
18:15
And the biggest thing here
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ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ืืŸ
18:17
is they also belong to the right tribe.
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ื”ื ื’ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉื‘ื˜ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
18:20
They were either born into
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ื”ื ื ื•ืœื“ื• ืœืชื•ื›ื•
18:22
or they proactively surrounded themselves with the right people.
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ืื• ื”ืงื™ืคื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื.
18:27
We know from the Framingham studies,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžืžื—ืงืจื™ ืคืจืืžื™ื ื’ืื,
18:29
that if your three best friends are obese
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ืฉืื ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœืš ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžื”ืฉืžื ืช-ื™ืชืจ
18:32
there is a 50 percent better chance that you'll be overweight.
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ืงื™ื™ื ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืฉืœ 50 ืื—ื•ื– ืฉืืชื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ื™ืชืจ.
18:35
So, if you hang out with unhealthy people,
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ื›ืš, ืฉืื ืืชื” ืžื‘ืœื” ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื
18:38
that's going to have a measurable impact over time.
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ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื›ืš ื”ืฉืœื›ื” ืžื“ื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
18:40
Instead, if your friend's idea of recreation
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ืœื—ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ, ืื ื”ืชื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืš ื”ื
18:45
is physical activity, bowling, or playing hockey,
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ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช, ื‘ืื•ืœื™ื ื’, ืื• ื”ื•ืงื™,
18:47
biking or gardening,
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ืจื›ื™ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื ืื• ื’ื™ื ื•ืŸ,
18:49
if your friends drink a little, but not too much,
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ืื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ืฉื•ืชื™ื ืงืฆืช, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™,
18:52
and they eat right, and they're engaged, and they're trusting and trustworthy,
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ื•ื”ื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื•ื”ื ืขืกื•ืงื™ื ื•ืืžื™ื ื™ื,
18:55
that is going to have the biggest impact over time.
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ื•ืœื–ื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ.
18:58
Diets don't work. No diet in the history of the world
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ื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืช ืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช. ืืฃ ื“ื™ืื˜ื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ
19:01
has ever worked for more than two percent of the population.
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ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื ื™ ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื”.
19:04
Exercise programs usually start in January;
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ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืขืžืœื•ืช ื‘ื“"ื› ืžืชื—ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ,
19:07
they're usually done by October.
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ื•ืžืกืชื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ.
19:09
When it comes to longevity
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ื›ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื
19:11
there is no short term fix
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ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืงืœ ื•ืžื”ื™ืจ
19:13
in a pill or anything else.
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ื‘ื›ื“ื•ืจ ืื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช.
19:16
But when you think about it,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื”
19:18
your friends are long-term adventures,
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœืš ื”ื ื”-ื”ึทืจึฐืคึผึทืชึฐืงึธื” ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ,
19:21
and therefore, perhaps the most significant thing you can do
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช
19:24
to add more years to your life,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขื•ื“ ืฉื ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœืš,
19:27
and life to your years. Thank you very much.
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ื•ืขื•ื“ ื—ื™ื™ื ืœืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœืš. ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื.
19:29
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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