Paul Gilding: The Earth is full

350,939 views ใƒป 2012-03-01

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Avi Weiss ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:15
Let me begin with four words
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ืืชื—ื™ืœ ืขื ืืจื‘ืข ืžื™ืœื™ื
00:18
that will provide the context for this week,
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ืฉื™ืกืคืงื• ืืช ื”ืžืกื’ืจืช ืœืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื–ื”,
00:20
four words that will come to define
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ืืจื‘ืข ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื™ื’ื“ื™ืจื•
00:22
this century.
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ืืช ื”ืžืื” ื”ื–ื•.
00:24
Here they are:
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ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”ืŸ:
00:26
The Earth is full.
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ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ืžืœื.
00:29
It's full of us, it's full of our stuff,
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ื”ื•ื ืžืœื ื‘ื ื•, ื”ื•ื ืžืœื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
00:32
full of our waste, full of our demands.
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ืžืœื ื‘ืคืกื•ืœืช ืฉืœื ื•, ืžืœื ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
00:35
Yes, we are a brilliant and creative species,
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ื›ืŸ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื™ืง ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™,
00:38
but we've created a little too much stuff --
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฆืจื ื• ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื --
00:42
so much that our economy is now bigger
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ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœื ื• ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ
00:45
than its host, our planet.
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ืžื”ืžืืจื— ืฉืœื”, ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืœื›ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
00:48
This is not a philosophical statement,
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ื–ืืช ืœื ื”ืฆื”ืจื” ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ืช,
00:50
this is just science
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ื–ื”ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžื“ืข
00:52
based in physics,
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ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืคื™ื–ื™ืงื”,
00:54
chemistry and biology.
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ื›ื™ืžื™ื” ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
00:57
There are many science-based analyses of this,
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ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืœื™ื–ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช-ืžื“ืข ืฉืœ ื–ื”,
00:59
but they all draw the same conclusion --
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืœืื•ืชื” ืžืกืงื ื” --
01:02
that we're living beyond our means.
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืืžืฆืขื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
01:05
The eminent scientists of the Global Footprint Network, for example,
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ื”ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ื”ื“ื’ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฉืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ืœื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืจื’ืœ ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช", ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”,
01:08
calculate that we need about 1.5 Earths
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ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ืขืจืš 1.5 ื›ื“ื•ืจื™-ืืจืฅ
01:11
to sustain this economy.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื–ื•.
01:14
In other words,
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ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช,
01:16
to keep operating at our current level,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช,
01:18
we need 50 percent more Earth than we've got.
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ืื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœ-50% ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ืžืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื•.
01:23
In financial terms,
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ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื.
01:25
this would be like always spending 50 percent more than you earn,
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ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ 50% ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—,
01:29
going further into debt every year.
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ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ ืžื™ื“ื™ ืฉื ื”.
01:31
But of course, you can't borrow natural resources,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืื™-ืืคืฉืจ ืœืœื•ื•ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื,
01:34
so we're burning through our capital,
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืจืคื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•,
01:37
or stealing from the future.
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ืื• ื’ื•ื ื‘ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืขืชื™ื“.
01:40
So when I say full, I mean really full --
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ืื– ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืžืœื, ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืžืช ืžืœื --
01:43
well past any margin for error,
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืœ ืฉื•ืœื™ ื˜ืขื•ืช,
01:45
well past any dispute
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืœ ื•ื™ื›ื•ื—
01:47
about methodology.
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ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืžืชื•ื“ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
01:51
What this means is our economy is unsustainable.
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ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœื ื• ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืจืช-ืงื™ื™ืžื.
01:54
I'm not saying it's not nice or pleasant
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ืื™ื ื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื™ืคื” ืื• ื ืขื™ื
01:57
or that it's bad for polar bears or forests,
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ืื• ืฉื–ื” ืจืข ืœื“ื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืงื•ื˜ื‘ ืื• ืœื™ืขืจื•ืช,
01:59
though it certainly is.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉื–ื” ื›ืš.
02:01
What I'm saying
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ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื•ื
02:03
is our approach is simply unsustainable.
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ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœื ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืจืช-ืงื™ื™ืžื.
02:05
In other words, thanks to those pesky laws of physics,
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ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ืงื” ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
02:08
when things aren't sustainable, they stop.
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื ื‘ืจื™-ืงื™ื™ืžื, ื”ื ื ืคืกืงื™ื.
02:11
But that's not possible, you might think.
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ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืœืชื™-ืืคืฉืจื™.
02:13
We can't stop economic growth.
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ืื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช.
02:15
Because that's what will stop: economic growth.
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื™ื™ืคืกืง: ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช.
02:18
It will stop because of the end of trade resources.
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ื–ื” ื™ื™ืคืกืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื™ื™ื’ืžืจื• ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ืกื—ืจ.
02:21
It will stop because of the growing demand of us
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ื–ื” ื™ื™ืคืกืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ื”ื’ื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื ื•
02:26
on all the resources, all the capacity,
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ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื, ืœื›ืœ ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืœ,
02:28
all the systems of the Earth,
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ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ,
02:30
which is now having economic damage.
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ืฉืกื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžื ื–ืง ื›ืœื›ืœื™.
02:35
When we think about economic growth stopping,
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ื›ืฉืื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช,
02:37
we go, "That's not possible,"
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื, "ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ"
02:40
because economic growth is so essential to our society
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ื›ื™ ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื›ื” ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•
02:43
that is is rarely questioned.
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ืฉืจืง ืœืขืชื™ื ื ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืคืงืคืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืš.
02:46
Although growth has certainly delivered many benefits,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืกื™ืคืงื” ืœืœื ืกืคืง ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื,
02:49
it is an idea so essential
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ื–ื”ื• ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืžืจื›ื–ื™
02:51
that we tend not to understand
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ืฉืื ื• ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ
02:53
the possibility of it not being around.
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ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื™ื.
02:55
Even though it has delivered many benefits,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื–ื” ืกื™ืคืง ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื,
02:57
it is based on a crazy idea --
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ื”ืจื™ ืฉื–ื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ -
03:00
the crazy idea being
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ื•ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ ื”ื•ื
03:02
that we can have infinite growth
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื• ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื‘ืœืชื™-ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช
03:04
on a finite planet.
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ื‘ื›ื•ื›ื‘-ืœื›ืช ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ.
03:06
And I'm here to tell you the emperor has no clothes.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืืชื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื ืฉื”ืžืœืš ื”ื•ื ืขื™ืจื•ื.
03:09
That the crazy idea is just that,
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื–ื”:
03:11
it is crazy,
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ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ,
03:13
and with the Earth full, it's game over.
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ื•ื›ืฉื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ืžืœื, ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ื ื’ืžืจ.
03:15
Come on, you're thinking.
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"ื‘ื—ื™ื™ืš", ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื.
03:17
That's not possible.
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"ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ.
03:19
Technology is amazing. People are innovative.
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ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”. ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื ื™ื™ื.
03:22
There are so many ways we can improve the way we do things.
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ื™ืฉ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื›ื” ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
03:24
We can surely sort this out.
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ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื–ื”."
03:26
That's all true.
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ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
03:28
Well, it's mostly true.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
03:30
We are certainly amazing,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื.
03:32
and we regularly solve complex problems
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืคื•ืชืจื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช
03:34
with amazing creativity.
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ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”.
03:36
So if our problem
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ืื– ืื ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœื ื•
03:38
was to get the human economy down
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ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช
03:40
from 150 percent to 100 percent of the Earth's capacity,
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ืž-150% ืœ-100% ืฉืœ ืกืคื™ืงืช ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ,
03:43
we could do that.
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ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”.
03:45
The problem is we're just warming up
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ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจืง ืžื—ืžืžื™ื
03:47
this growth engine.
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ืืช ืžื ื•ืข ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ื–ื”.
03:49
We plan to take this highly-stressed economy
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ืื ื• ืžืชื›ื ื ื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืžืื“ ืœื—ื•ืฆื” ื”ื–ื•
03:52
and make it twice as big
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ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื” ืคื™ ืฉืชื™ื™ื
03:55
and then make it four times as big --
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ื•ืื– ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื” ืคื™ ืืจื‘ืข -
03:57
not in some distant future,
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ืœื ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ืจื—ื•ืง ื›ืœืฉื”ื•,
04:00
but in less than 40 years,
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ืืœื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-40 ืฉื ื”,
04:02
in the life time of most of you.
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ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ื›ื.
04:05
China plans to be there in just 20 years.
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ืกื™ืŸ ืžืชื›ื ื ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื›ืš ืชื•ืš 20 ืฉื ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
04:09
The only problem with this plan
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ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืขื ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื•
04:12
is that it's not possible.
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ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™-ืืคืฉืจื™ืช.
04:16
In response, some people argue,
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ื‘ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”, ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื•ื•ื›ื—ื™ื ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื,
04:18
but we need growth, we need it to solve poverty.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื”, ืื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™.
04:20
We need it to develop technology.
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ืื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืชื— ืืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
04:22
We need it to keep social stability.
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ืื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช.
04:24
I find this argument fascinating,
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ืื ื™ ืžื•ืฆื ืฉื–ื”ื• ื˜ื™ืขื•ืŸ ืžื“ื”ื™ื,
04:26
as though we can kind of bend the rules of physics
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ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื›ื•ืคืฃ ืืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ืงื”
04:29
to suit our needs.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืชืื™ืžื• ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ื•.
04:34
It's like the Earth doesn't care what we need.
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ืœื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ืœื ืื™ื›ืคืช ืžื” ื ื—ื•ืฅ ืœื ื•.
04:37
Mother nature doesn't negotiate;
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ืืžื ืื“ืžื” ืœื ืžื ื”ืœืช ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ;
04:39
she just sets rules and describes consequences.
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ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื•ืžืชืืจืช ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช.
04:42
And these are not esoteric limits.
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ื•ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช.
04:44
This is about food and water, soil and climate,
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ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื•ื›ืœ ื•ืžื™ื, ื‘ืื“ืžื” ื•ื‘ืืงืœื™ื,
04:46
the basic practical and economic foundations
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ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื
04:49
of our lives.
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ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•.
04:53
So the idea that we can smoothly transition
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ืื– ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื—ืœืงื”
04:56
to a highly-efficient,
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ืœื›ืœื›ืœื” ืžืื“ ื™ืขื™ืœื”,
04:58
solar-powered, knowledge-based economy
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ืžื•ื ืขืช ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื™ืช-ืฉืžืฉ ื•ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ืข,
05:00
transformed by science and technology
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ืฉื”ืฉืชื ืชื” ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืžื“ืข ื•ืœื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”
05:02
so that nine billion people
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชืฉืขื” ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื
05:04
can live in 2050
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ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืช 2050
05:07
a life of abundance and digital downloads
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ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืคืข ื•ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืจื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช
05:09
is a delusion.
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ื”ื•ื ืืฉืœื™ื”.
05:12
It's not that it's not possible to feed, clothe and house us all
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ืœื ืฉืื™-ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืื›ื™ืœ, ืœื”ืœื‘ื™ืฉ ื•ืœืกืคืง ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื ื•
05:15
and have us live decent lives.
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ื•ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื.
05:18
It certainly is.
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ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื›ืŸ.
05:20
But the idea that we can gently grow there
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื›ืš ื‘ืžืชื™ื ื•ืช
05:22
with a few minor hiccups
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ืขื ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ืงื™ื ืงืœื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš
05:24
is just wrong,
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉื’ื•ื™,
05:26
and it's dangerously wrong,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื’ื•ื™ ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืกื›ื ื”,
05:28
because it means we're not getting ready
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืชื›ื•ื ื ื™ื
05:30
for what's really going to happen.
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ืœืžื” ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืงืจื•ืช.
05:32
See what happens when you operate a system
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ื”ืจื™ ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื›ืฉืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืช
05:35
past its limits
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ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื”
05:37
and then keep on going
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ื•ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืื•ืชื”
05:39
at an ever-accelerating rate
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ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื’ื•ื‘ืจ
05:42
is that the system stops working and breaks down.
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ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืชืคืกื™ืง ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืชืชืงืœืงืœ.
05:46
And that's what will happen to us.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื™ืงืจื” ืœื ื•.
05:53
Many of you will be thinking,
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ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื›ื ื•ื“ืื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื,
05:55
but surely we can still stop this.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื• ื‘ื˜ื— ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื–ื”.
05:57
If it's that bad, we'll react.
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ืื ื–ื” ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื ื•ืจื, ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื’ื™ื‘.
06:00
Let's just think through that idea.
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ื”ื‘ื” ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”.
06:02
Now we've had
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื•
06:04
50 years of warnings.
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50 ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื–ื”ืจื•ืช.
06:06
We've had science proving
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ื”ืžื“ืข ื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืœื ื•
06:09
the urgency of change.
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ืืช ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™.
06:11
We've had economic analysis pointing out
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืจืื• ืœื ื•
06:13
that, not only can we afford it,
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ืฉืœื ืจืง ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ืœืขืฆืžื ื•,
06:15
it's cheaper to act early.
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ืืœื ืฉื–ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืžื•ืงื“ื.
06:17
And yet, the reality is
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ื
06:19
we've done pretty much nothing to change course.
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ืฉืœื ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืœื•ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ.
06:22
We're not even slowing down.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืžืื˜ื™ื.
06:25
Last year on climate, for example,
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ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืืงืœื™ื, ืœืžืฉืœ,
06:27
we had the highest global emissions ever.
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื™-ืคืขื.
06:29
The story on food, on water, on soil, on climate
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ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ, ื”ืžื™ื, ื”ืื“ืžื”, ื”ืืงืœื™ื
06:32
is all much the same.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื“ื•ืžื™ื.
06:35
I actually don't say this in despair.
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ืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ื–ืืช ืžืชื•ืš ื™ืื•ืฉ.
06:37
I've done my grieving about the loss.
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ื”ืชืื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืกืคื™ืง ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ.
06:39
I accept where we are.
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืื ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื.
06:41
It is sad,
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ื–ื” ืขืฆื•ื‘,
06:43
but it is what it is.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ.
06:45
But it is also time
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื”ื• ื’ื ื”ื–ืžืŸ
06:47
that we ended our denial
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ืฉื ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ื”ืชื›ื—ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
06:49
and recognized
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ื•ื ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื›ืš
06:51
that we're not acting, we're not close to acting
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ืฉืื ื• ืœื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ
06:54
and we're not going to act
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ื•ืฉืœื ื ืคืขืœ
06:56
until this crisis hits the economy.
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ืขื“ ืฉื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื™ืคื’ืข ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื”.
06:58
And that's why the end of growth
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื”
07:00
is the central issue
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™
07:02
and the event that we need to get ready for.
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ื•ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข ืฉืœืงืจืืชื• ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชื›ื•ื ืŸ.
07:06
So when does this transition begin?
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ืื– ืžืชื™ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”?
07:08
When does this breakdown begin?
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ืžืชื™ ืชืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ื”ืชืžื•ื˜ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื–ื•?
07:10
In my view, it is well underway.
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ืœื“ืขืชื™, ื”ื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ืžื”.
07:13
I know most people don't see it that way.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืจื•ืื™ื ื–ืืช ื›ืš.
07:15
We tend to look at the world,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
07:17
not as the integrated system that it is,
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ืœื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ืช ืฉื”ื•ื,
07:19
but as a series of individual issues.
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ืืœื ื›ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืคืจื˜ื ื™ื™ื.
07:21
We see the Occupy protests,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ืžื—ืื•ืช ื”"ืื•ืงื™ื•ืคื™ื™",
07:24
we see spiraling debt crises,
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ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืžืฉื‘ืจื™ ื—ื•ื‘ ืžื™ื“ืจื“ืจื™ื,
07:26
we see growing inequality,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ืื™-ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ,
07:28
we see money's influence on politics,
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ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื”,
07:30
we see resource constraint, food and oil prices.
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ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืื™ืœื•ืฅ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื, ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื ืคื˜.
07:33
But we see, mistakenly, each of these issues
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื˜ืขื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืœืœื•
07:35
as individual problems to be solved.
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ื›ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ืš.
07:39
In fact, it's the system
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช
07:41
in the painful process of breaking down --
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ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื›ื•ืื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื˜ื˜ื•ืช --
07:44
our system, of debt-fueled economic growth,
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ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ืฉืœ ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช-ื—ื•ื‘,
07:47
of ineffective democracy,
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ืฉืœ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ืœื ื™ืขื™ืœื”,
07:49
of overloading planet Earth,
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ืฉืœ ื”ืขืžืกืช ื™ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ
07:51
is eating itself alive.
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ืื•ื›ืœืช ืืช ืขืฆืžื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
07:56
I could give you countless studies
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืช ืœื›ื ืื™ื ืกืคื•ืจ ืžื—ืงืจื™ื
07:57
and evidence to prove this,
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ื•ืจืื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ื›ื™ื—ื• ืืช ื–ื”,
08:00
but I won't because, if you want to see it,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืืขืฉื” ื–ืืช, ื›ื™ ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื–ืืช,
08:02
that evidence is all around you.
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ื”ืจืื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื›ื.
08:05
I want to talk to you about fear.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื›ื ืขืœ ืคื—ื“.
08:08
I want to do so because, in my view,
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื›ื™, ืœื“ืขืชื™,
08:11
the most important issue we face
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ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื•
08:16
is how we respond
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ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื ื• ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื
08:18
to this question.
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ืœืฉืืœื” ื–ื•.
08:20
The crisis is now inevitable.
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ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื ื›ืขืช ื‘ืœืชื™-ื ืžื ืข.
08:23
This issue is, how will we react?
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ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื, ืื™ืš ื ื’ื™ื‘?
08:27
Of course, we can't know what will happen.
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ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ื™ืงืจื”.
08:30
The future is inherently uncertain.
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ืžื˜ื‘ืขื•, ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืจื•ืจ.
08:32
But let's just think through what the science is telling us
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ืžื“ืข ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ื•
08:35
is likely to happen.
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ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืงืจื•ืช.
08:38
Imagine our economy
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœื ื•
08:41
when the carbon bubble bursts,
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ื›ืฉืชืชืคื•ืฆืฅ ื‘ื•ืขืช ื”ืคื—ืžืŸ,
08:43
when the financial markets recognize
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•
08:45
that, to have any hope
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ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™
08:47
of preventing the climate spiraling out of control,
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ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืŸ ื”ืืงืœื™ื ืœืฆืืช ืžืฉืœื™ื˜ื”,
08:50
the oil and coal industries are finished.
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ืชืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืคื˜ ื•ื”ืคื—ื ื’ืžื•ืจื•ืช.
08:54
Imagine China, India and Pakistan going to war
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ืชืืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืืช ืกื™ืŸ, ื”ื•ื“ื• ื•ืคืงื™ืกื˜ืŸ ื™ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืœืžืœื—ืžื”
08:57
as climate impacts
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ื›ืฉื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ืืงืœื™ื
08:59
generate conflict over food and water.
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ืžื‘ื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืื‘ืง ืขืœ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืžื™ื.
09:03
Imagine the Middle East without oil income,
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ืชืืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืืช ื”ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืœื ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืžื ืคื˜,
09:06
but with collapsing governments.
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ื•ืขื ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืžืชืžื•ื˜ื˜ื•ืช .
09:08
Imagine our highly-tuned, just-in-time food industry
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ืชืืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืืช ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื” ื•ื”ืžืชื•ื–ืžื ืช ืฉืœื ื•
09:12
and our highly-stressed agricultural system failing
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ื•ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ืช ื”ืœื—ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœื ื• ื ื›ืฉืœื•ืช
09:15
and supermarket shelves emptying.
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ื•ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืงื ื•ืช ืžื“ืคื™ ื”ืžืจื›ื•ืœ.
09:19
Imagine 30 percent unemployment in America
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ืชืืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื 30 ืื—ื•ื– ืื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘
09:22
as the global economy is gripped
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ืื—ื•ื–ื”
09:24
by fear and uncertainty.
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ื‘ืคื—ื“ ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืกืจ-ื•ื“ืื•ืช.
09:26
Now imagine what that means for you,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืžื” ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื›ื,
09:28
your family, your friends,
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื›ื, ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื›ื,
09:31
your personal financial security.
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ื•ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ืฉืœื›ื.
09:33
Imagine what it means
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ืชืืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืžื” ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ
09:35
for your personal security
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื›ื
09:37
as a heavily armed civilian population
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ื›ืฉืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื—ืžื•ืฉื” ื‘ื›ื‘ื“ื•ืช
09:39
gets angrier and angrier
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ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื›ื•ืขืกืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ
09:41
about why this was allowed to happen.
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ืื™ืš ื ืชื ื• ืœื–ื” ืœืงืจื•ืช.
09:45
Imagine what you'll tell your children
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ืชืืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืžื” ืชืืžืจื• ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื›ื
09:47
when they ask you,
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ื›ืฉื”ื ื™ืฉืืœื• ืืชื›ื,
09:49
"So, in 2012, Mom and Dad,
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"ื‘ืฉื ืช 2012, ืืžื ื•ืื‘ื,
09:51
what was it like
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ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื”
09:53
when you'd had the hottest decade on record
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื›ื ื”ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ื—ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื™-ืคืขื
09:56
for the third decade in a row,
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ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช,
09:58
when every scientific body in the world was saying
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื›ืœ ืžื•ืกื“ ืžื“ืขื™ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืืžืจ
10:01
you've got a major problem,
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื‘ืขื™ื” ืจืฆื™ื ื™ืช,
10:04
when the oceans were acidifying,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืกื™ื ื”ืœื›ื• ื•ื”ื—ืžืฆื ื•,
10:06
when oil and food prices were spiking,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื ืคื˜ ื•ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืงื™ืขื• ืฉื—ืงื™ื,
10:08
when they were rioting in the streets of London
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื”ื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ
10:11
and occupying Wall Street?
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ื•ื›ื‘ืฉื• ืืช ื•ื•ืœ ืกื˜ืจื™ื˜?
10:13
When the system was so clearly breaking down, Mom and Dad,
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ื›ืฉื‘ืจื•ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืชืžื•ื˜ื˜ืช, ืืžื ื•ืื‘ื,
10:16
what did you do, what were you thinking?"
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ืžื” ืขืฉื™ืชื, ืขืœ ืžื” ื—ืฉื‘ืชื? "
10:21
So how do you feel
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ืื– ืื™ืš ืืชื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื
10:24
when the lights go out
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื”ืื•ืจื•ืช
10:26
on the global economy in your mind,
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ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช, ื‘ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื›ื,
10:30
when your assumptions about the future
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื›ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขืชื™ื“
10:33
fade away
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ืžืชืคื•ื’ื’ื•ืช
10:35
and something very different emerges?
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ื•ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื•ื ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™?
10:38
Just take a moment
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืงื—ื• ืจื’ืข
10:40
and take a breath
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ืชื ืฉืžื•
10:42
and think, what do you feel
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ื•ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื•, ืžื” ืืชื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื
10:45
at this point?
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ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื–ื•?
10:51
Perhaps denial.
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ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื›ื—ืฉื”
10:54
Perhaps anger.
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ืื•ืœื™ ื›ืขืก.
10:57
Maybe fear.
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ืื•ืœื™ ืคื—ื“.
11:02
Of course, we can't know what's going to happen
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ื™ืงืจื”
11:05
and we have to live with uncertainty.
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ื•ื ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื™-ื•ื“ืื•ืช.
11:08
But when we think about the kind of possibilities I paint,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื ื™ ืžืชืืจ,
11:12
we should feel a bit of fear.
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืงืฆืช ืคื—ื“.
11:16
We are in danger, all of us,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืกื›ื ื”, ื›ื•ืœื ื•,
11:19
and we've evolved to respond to danger with fear
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ื”ืชืคืชื—ื ื• ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืœืกื›ื ื” ื‘ืคื—ื“
11:22
to motivate a powerful response,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœื”ื ื™ืข ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืจื‘ืช-ืขื•ืฆืžื”,
11:26
to help us bravely face a threat.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฆื‘ ื‘ืื•ืžืฅ ืžื•ืœ ืื™ื•ื ื›ืœืฉื”ื•.
11:29
But this time it's not a tiger at the cave mouth.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืคืขื ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื ืžืจ ื‘ืคืชื— ื”ืžืขืจื”.
11:32
You can't see the danger at your door.
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ืื™ื ื›ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืกื›ื ื” ืฉืขืœ ืกืฃ ื“ืœืชื›ื.
11:35
But if you look,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืชืกืชื›ืœื• ื”ื™ื˜ื‘,
11:37
you can see it at the door of your civilization.
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ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ืขืœ ืกืฃ ื“ืœืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœื›ื.
11:41
That's why we need to feel our response now while the lights are still on,
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื—ื•ืฉ ืืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื ื• ื›ืขืช, ื›ืฉื”ืื•ืจ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืง,
11:44
because if we wait until the crisis takes hold,
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ื›ื™ ืื ื ื—ื›ื” ืขื“ ืฉื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื™ืชื‘ืกืก,
11:47
we may panic and hide.
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ืื ื• ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื‘ื”ืœ ื•ืœื”ืกืชืชืจ.
11:49
If we feel it now and think it through,
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ืื ื ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื–ืืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื•ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืœืขื•ืžืง,
11:51
we will realize we have nothing to fear
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ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืžืžื” ืœืคื—ื•ื“
11:53
but fear itself.
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ืคืจื˜ ืœืคื—ื“ ืขืฆืžื•.
11:58
Yes, things will get ugly, and it will happen soon --
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ื›ืŸ, ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื™ืขืฉื• ืžื›ื•ืขืจื™ื, ื•ื–ื” ื™ืงืจื” ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘ --
12:01
certainly in our lifetime --
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ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• --
12:03
but we are more than capable
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื
12:05
of getting through everything that's coming.
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ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืขืชื™ื“ ืœืงืจื•ืช.
12:08
You see, those people that have faith
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ืืชื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื, ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื—ื–ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”
12:11
that humans can solve any problem,
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ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื‘ืขื™ื”
12:14
that technology is limitless, that markets can be a force for good,
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ืฉื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื‘ืœืชื™-ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช, ืฉื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื•ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™,
12:17
are in fact right.
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ืฆื•ื“ืงื™ื.
12:19
The only thing they're missing
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื”ื ืžื—ืžื™ืฆื™ื ื”ื•ื
12:21
is that it takes a good crisis to get us going.
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ืฉื ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื ื™ืข ืื•ืชื ื•.
12:24
When we feel fear and we fear loss
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ื›ืฉืื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืคื—ื“ ื•ื—ื•ืฉืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ
12:27
we are capable of quite extraordinary things.
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ืื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืžืขืœืœื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™-ื“ื•ืคืŸ.
12:30
Think about war.
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ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ืžืœื—ืžื”.
12:33
After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, it just took four days
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ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืชืงืคื” ืขืœ ืคืจืœ ื”ืจื‘ื•ืจ, ืชื•ืš 4 ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“
12:36
for the government to ban the production of civilian cars
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ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืืกืจื” ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช,
12:38
and to redirect the auto industry,
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ืฉื™ื ืชื” ืืช ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืจื›ื‘,
12:40
and from there to rationing of food and energy.
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ื•ืžืฉื ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœืงื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื”.
12:44
Think about how a company responds to a bankruptcy threat
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ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืื™ืš ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžื’ื™ื‘ื” ืœืื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ืคืฉื™ื˜ืช-ืจื’ืœ
12:47
and how a change that seemed impossible just gets done.
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ื•ืื™ืš ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื ืจืื” ื‘ืœืชื™-ืืคืฉืจื™, ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžืชื‘ืฆืข.
12:50
Think about how an individual responds
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ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืื™ืš ืื“ื ืžื’ื™ื‘
12:52
to a diagnosis of a life-threatening illness
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ืœืื™ื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœื” ืžืกื›ื ืช-ื—ื™ื™ื
12:55
and how lifestyle changes
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ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืจื— ื”ื—ื™ื™ื
12:57
that previously were just too difficult
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ืฉื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืงืฉื™ื ืžื“ื™ ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข
13:00
suddenly become relatively easy.
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ืคืชืื•ื ื ืขืฉื™ื ืงืœื™ื ื™ื—ืกื™ืช.
13:04
We are smart, in fact, we really are quite amazing,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ื‘ืขืฆื, ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืืžืช ื“ื™ ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื,
13:07
but we do love a good crisis.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื• ืžืžืฉ ืžืชื™ื ืœืื™ื–ื” ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘.
13:09
And the good news, this one's a monster.
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ื•ื”ื‘ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืฉื”ืคืขื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืคืœืฆืช.
13:11
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
13:13
Sure, if we get it wrong,
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ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืื ื ืคืขืœ ื›ืืŸ ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ,
13:15
we could face the end of this civilization,
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ืื•ืœื™ ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืกื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื”ื–ื•,
13:17
but if we get it right,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื ืคืขืœ ื ื›ื•ืŸ,
13:19
it could be the beginning of civilization instead.
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ื–ื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจืืฉื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”.
13:22
And how cool would it be
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ื•ื›ืžื” ืžื’ื ื™ื‘ ื™ื”ื™ื”
13:24
to tell your grandchildren that you were part of that?
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ืœืกืคืจ ืœื ื›ื“ื™ื›ื ืฉื ื˜ืœืชื ื—ืœืง ื‘ื–ื”?
13:29
There's certainly no technical or economic barrier in the way.
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ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉื•ื ืžื—ืกื•ื ื˜ื›ื ื™ ืื• ื›ืœื›ืœื™.
13:34
Scientists like James Hansen tell us
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ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื’'ื™ื™ืžืก ื”ื ืกืŸ ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืœื ื•
13:36
we may need to eliminate net CO2 emissions from the economy
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ืฉืื•ืœื™ ื ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ืคืœื™ื˜ืช ื”ืคื—ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื•-ื—ืžืฆื ื™ ืžื”ื›ืœื›ืœื”
13:39
in just a few decades.
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ืชื•ืš ื›ืžื” ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
13:41
I wanted to know what that would take,
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ื–ื” ื™ืฆืจื™ืš,
13:43
so I worked with professor Jorgen Randers from Norway
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ืื– ืขื‘ื“ืชื™ ืขื ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ื™ื•ืจื’ืŸ ืจื ื“ืจืก ืžื ื•ืจื‘ื’ื™ื”
13:46
to find the answer.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”.
13:48
We developed a plan called "The One Degree War Plan" --
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ืคื™ืชื—ื ื• ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื "ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืžืขืœื” ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ืช" --
13:52
so named because of the level of mobilization and focus required.
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ืฉื ืงืจืืช ื›ืš ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืจืžืช ื”ื’ื™ื•ืก ื•ื”ืžื™ืงื•ื“ ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื”.
13:56
To my surprise,
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ืœื”ืคืชืขืชื™,
13:58
eliminating net CO2 emissions from the economy in just 20 years
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ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืคืœื™ื˜ืช ื”ืคื“"ื— ืžื”ืžืฉืง ื‘ืชื•ืš 20 ืฉื ื”
14:01
is actually pretty easy and pretty cheap,
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ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขืฆื ื“ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื•ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ื–ื•ืœื”,
14:04
not very cheap,
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ืœื ื–ื•ืœื” ืžืื“,
14:06
but certainly less than the cost of a collapsing civilization.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืงืจื™ืกืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”.
14:09
We didn't calculate that precisely,
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ืœื ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืžื“ื•ื™ืง,
14:11
but we understand that's very expensive.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื™ืงืจ ืžืื•ื“.
14:14
You can read the details,
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื,
14:16
but in summary, we can transform our economy.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื, ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœื ื•.
14:18
We can do it with proven technology.
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ืขื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ื—ืช.
14:20
We can do it at an affordable cost.
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืกื‘ื™ืจ.
14:22
We can do it with existing political structures.
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ืขื ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื.
14:24
The only thing we need to change
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช
14:26
is how we think and how we feel.
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ื”ื•ื ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื.
14:29
And this is where you come in.
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ื•ื›ืืŸ ืืชื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืชืžื•ื ื”.
14:32
When we think about the future I paint,
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ื›ืฉืื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืื ื™ ืžืชืืจ,
14:34
of course we should feel a bit of fear.
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืงืฆืช ืคื—ื“.
14:36
But fear can be paralyzing or motivating.
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ืื‘ืœ ืคื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืชืง ืื• ืœื”ื•ื•ืช ืžื ื™ืข.
14:39
We need to accept the fear and then we need to act.
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืคื—ื“, ื•ืื– ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ.
14:42
We need to act
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ
14:44
like the future depends on it.
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ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื›ืš.
14:46
We need to act like we only have one planet.
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืจืง ื›ื•ื›ื‘-ืœื›ืช ืื—ื“.
14:50
We can do this.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
14:52
I know the free market fundamentalists will tell you
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ืงื ืื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ื™ืืžืจื• ืœื›ื
14:55
that more growth, more stuff and nine billion people going shopping
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ืฉืขื•ื“ ืฆืžื™ื—ื”, ืขื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•-9 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืงื ื™ื•ืช
14:58
is the best we can do.
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ื”ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’.
15:00
They're wrong.
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ื”ื ื˜ื•ืขื™ื.
15:02
We can be more,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื™ื•ืชืจ,
15:04
we can be much more.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
15:06
We have achieved remarkable things
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ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื’ื ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื
15:09
since working out how to grow food some 10,000 years ago.
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ืžืื– ืฉื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ืœืคื ื™ ื›-10,000 ืฉื ื” ืื™ืš ืœื’ื“ืœ ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
15:11
We've built a powerful foundation
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ื‘ื ื™ื ื• ื‘ืกื™ืก ื—ื–ืง
15:14
of science, knowledge and technology --
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ืฉืœ ืžื“ืข, ื™ื“ืข ื•ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” --
15:16
more than enough to build a society
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ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืžืกืคื™ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื”
15:18
where nine billion people
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ืฉื‘ื” ืชืฉืขื” ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื
15:20
can lead decent, meaningful and satisfying lives.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื•ืžืกืคืงื™ื.
15:22
The Earth can support that
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ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื›ืš
15:24
if we choose the right path.
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ืื ื ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื”.
15:28
We can choose this moment of crisis
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ืจื’ืข ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”
15:30
to ask and answer the big questions of society's evolution --
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื•ืœืขื ื•ืช ื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช--
15:33
like, what do we want to be when we grow up,
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ื›ืžื•: ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืฉื ื’ื“ืœ,
15:36
when we move past this bumbling adolescence
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ื›ืฉื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ืจื‘ื ื™ืช ื”ื–ืืช
15:39
where we think there are no limits
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ืฉื‘ื” ืื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช
15:41
and suffer delusions of immortality?
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ื•ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืืฉืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™-ื ืฆื—?
15:44
Well it's time to grow up,
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ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืชื‘ื’ืจ,
15:46
to be wiser, to be calmer,
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืจื’ื•ืขื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ,
15:48
to be more considered.
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืงื•ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
15:50
Like generations before us,
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ื›ืžื• ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืงื“ืžื• ืœื ื•,
15:52
we'll be growing up in war --
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ื’ื ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžืœื—ืžื” --
15:54
not a war between civilizations,
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ืœื ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื•ืช,
15:56
but a war for civilization,
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ืืœื ืžืœื—ืžื” ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”,
15:58
for the extraordinary opportunity
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ืžืœื—ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื”ื“ื•ืคืŸ
16:00
to build a society
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ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื”
16:02
which is stronger and happier
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ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ื–ืงื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืžืื•ืฉืจืช ื™ื•ืชืจ
16:04
and plans on staying around
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ื•ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื
16:06
into middle age.
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ืขื“ ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื”.
16:09
We can choose life over fear.
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืคื—ื“.
16:11
We can do what we need to do,
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืืฉืจ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
16:15
but it will take every entrepreneur,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื›ืš ื™ื™ื“ืจืฉื• ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ื,
16:17
every artist,
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ื›ืœ ื”ืืžื ื™ื,
16:19
every scientist, every communicator,
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ื›ืœ ืžื“ืขืŸ, ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช,
16:21
every mother, every father, every child,
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ื›ืœ ืื, ื›ืœ ืื‘, ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“,
16:24
every one of us.
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ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื•.
16:27
This could be our finest hour.
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ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืขืชื ื• ื”ื™ืคื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
16:30
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื”.
16:32
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)

Original video on YouTube.com
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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