Everything you hear on film is a lie | Tasos Frantzolas

234,506 views ใƒป 2016-11-21

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Nir Bibi ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
I want to start by doing an experiment.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื ื™ืกื•ื™.
00:16
I'm going to play three videos of a rainy day.
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ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื’ืฉื•ื.
00:20
But I've replaced the audio of one of the videos,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœืคืชื™ ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœ ื‘ืื—ื“ ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื,
00:24
and instead of the sound of rain,
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ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืžืงื•ื ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื’ืฉื,
00:27
I've added the sound of bacon frying.
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ืฉืžืชื™ ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจ ื˜ื™ื’ื•ืŸ.
00:31
So I want you think carefully which one the clip with the bacon is.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืื™ื–ื” ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืขื ื”ื‘ื™ื™ืงื•ืŸ.
00:35
(Rain falls)
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(ื’ืฉื ื™ื•ืจื“)
00:39
(Rain falls)
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(ื’ืฉื ื™ื•ืจื“)
00:43
(Rain falls)
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(ื’ืฉื ื™ื•ืจื“)
00:52
All right.
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ื˜ื•ื‘.
00:55
Actually, I lied.
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ื‘ืขืฆื, ืฉื™ืงืจืชื™.
00:57
They're all bacon.
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ื›ืœ ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื™ืงื•ืŸ.
00:58
(Bacon sizzles)
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(ื‘ื™ื™ืงื•ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื˜ื™ื’ื•ืŸ)
01:04
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
01:09
My point here isn't really to make you hungry
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ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืฉืœื™ ืื™ื ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืชื›ื ืจืขื‘ื™ื
01:12
every time you see a rainy scene,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืกืฆื ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื’ืฉื•ื,
01:14
but it's to show that our brains are conditioned to embrace the lies.
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ืืœื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืฉื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื•ืจื’ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉืงืจื™ื.
01:20
We're not looking for accuracy.
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ืื ื• ืœื ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ื“ื™ื•ืง.
01:23
So on the subject of deception,
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ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ื•ื ืื”,
01:26
I wanted to quote one of my favorite authors.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฆื˜ื˜ ืืช ืื—ื“ ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™.
01:29
In "The Decay of Lying," Oscar Wilde establishes the idea
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ื‘ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’ "ืฉืงื™ืขืช ื”ืฉืงืจ," ืื•ืกืงืจ ื•ื™ื™ืœื“ ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ,
01:36
that all bad art comes from copying nature and being realistic;
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ืฉื›ืœ ืืžื ื•ืช ื’ืจื•ืขื” ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื”ืขืชืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื™;
01:43
and all great art comes from lying and deceiving,
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ื•ืฉื›ืœ ืืžื ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžืฉืงืจื™ื, ื”ื˜ืขื™ื•ืช,
01:49
and telling beautiful, untrue things.
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ื•ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืคื™ืคื™ื™ื ื•ืœื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื.
01:52
So when you're watching a movie
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ื›ืฉืืชื ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ืกืจื˜
01:56
and a phone rings,
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ื•ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืžืฆืœืฆืœ,
01:58
it's not actually ringing.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฆืœืฆืœ.
02:00
It's been added later in postproduction in a studio.
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ืฆืœื™ืœ ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื’ืžืจ-ื”ืคืงื” ื‘ืื•ืœืคืŸ.
02:05
All of the sounds you hear are fake.
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืžื–ื•ื™ืฃ.
02:08
Everything, apart from the dialogue,
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ื”ื›ื•ืœ, ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’,
02:09
is fake.
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ืžื–ื•ื™ืฃ.
02:11
When you watch a movie and you see a bird flapping its wings --
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ื›ืฉืืชื ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ืกืจื˜ ื•ืจื•ืื™ื ืฆื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื ืคื ืคืช ื‘ื›ื ืคื™ื” --
02:14
(Wings flap)
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(ื›ื ืคื™ื™ื ืžืชื ืคื ืคื•ืช)
02:18
They haven't really recorded the bird.
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ื”ื ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืงืœื™ื˜ื• ืืช ื”ืฆื™ืคื•ืจ.
02:20
It sounds a lot more realistic if you record a sheet
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ื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื™ ืื ืžืงืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืกื“ื™ืŸ
02:25
or shaking kitchen gloves.
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ืื• ืžื ืขื ืขื™ื ื›ืคืคื•ืช ืžื˜ื‘ื—.
02:27
(Flaps)
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(ื ืคื ื•ืฃ)
02:30
The burning of a cigarette up close --
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ื”ื“ืœืงืช ืกื™ื’ืจื™ื” ืžืงืจื•ื‘ --
02:33
(Cigarette burns)
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(ืกื™ื’ืจื™ื” ื ืฉืจืคืช)
02:37
It actually sounds a lot more authentic
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ื ืฉืžืขืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื™ืช
02:40
if you take a small Saran Wrap ball
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ืื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื›ื“ื•ืจ ืžื ื™ื™ืœื•ืŸ ื ืฆืžื“
02:42
and release it.
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ื•ืื– ืžืฉื—ืจืจื™ื ืื•ืชื•.
02:44
(A Saran Warp ball being released)
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(ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ืžื ื™ื™ืœื•ืŸ ื ืฆืžื“ ืฉืฉื•ื—ืจืจ)
02:47
Punches?
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ืื’ืจื•ืคื™ื?
02:49
(Punch)
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(ืžื›ืช ืื’ืจื•ืฃ)
02:50
Oops, let me play that again.
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ืื•ืคืก, ืืฉืžื™ืข ืืช ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘.
02:52
(Punch)
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(ืžื›ืช ืื’ืจื•ืฃ)
02:54
That's often done by sticking a knife in vegetables,
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ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ืœืจื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชืงื™ืขืช ืกื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืจืงื•ืช,
02:58
usually cabbage.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื›ืจื•ื‘.
03:00
(Cabbage stabbed with a knife)
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(ืกื›ื™ืŸ ื ื ืขืฆืช ื‘ื›ืจื•ื‘)
03:02
The next one -- it's breaking bones.
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ื”ืงื•ืœ ื”ื‘ื -- ืฉื‘ื™ืจืช ืขืฆืžื•ืช.
03:05
(Bones break)
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(ืขืฆืžื•ืช ื ืฉื‘ืจื•ืช)
03:08
Well, no one was really harmed.
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื– ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ื ืคื’ืข.
03:11
It's actually ...
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ื–ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”...
03:13
breaking celery or frozen lettuce.
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ืฉื‘ื™ืจืช ืกืœืจื™ ืื• ื—ืกื” ืฉื”ื•ืงืคืื”.
03:16
(Breaking frozen lettuce or celery)
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(ืฉื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืกืœืจื™ ืื• ื—ืกื” ืงืคื•ืื”)
03:18
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:21
Making the right sounds is not always as easy
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ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืžืข ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœื ืžืกืชื›ื
03:25
as a trip to the supermarket
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ื‘ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ืœืกื•ืคืจืžืจืงื˜
03:27
and going to the vegetable section.
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ื•ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืœืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ื™ืจืงื•ืช.
03:30
But it's often a lot more complicated than that.
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ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื–ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกื•ื‘ืš.
03:33
So let's reverse-engineer together
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืขืฉื” ื™ื—ื“ ื”ื ื“ืกื” ืœืื—ื•ืจ
03:36
the creation of a sound effect.
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ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืืคืงื˜ ืงื•ืœ.
03:38
One of my favorite stories comes from Frank Serafine.
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ืื—ื“ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืืช ืคืจื ืง ืกืจืืคื™ื ื™.
03:41
He's a contributor to our library,
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ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื•,
03:43
and a great sound designer for "Tron" and "Star Trek" and others.
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ื•ืžืขืฆื‘ ืงื•ืœ ืžืขื•ืœื” ืฉืขื‘ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืกืจื˜ื™ื "ื˜ืจื•ืŸ," "ืžืกืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื" ื•ืื—ืจื™ื.
03:48
He was part of the Paramount team that won the Oscar for best sound
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ืœืคืŸ ืคืืจืžืื•ื ื˜, ืฉื–ื›ื” ื‘ืื•ืกืงืจ ืขืœ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืงื•ืœ
03:53
for "The Hunt for Red October."
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ืฉืœ ื”ืกืจื˜ "ื”ืžืจื“ืฃ ืื—ืจ ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ื”ืื“ื•ื."
03:55
In this Cold War classic, in the '90s,
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ื‘ืกืจื˜ ื”ืงืœืืกื™ ืฉืขืกืง ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ืงืจื” ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-90
03:58
they were asked to produce the sound of the propeller of the submarine.
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ื”ืชื‘ืงืฉื• ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื“ื—ืฃ ื”ืฆื•ืœืœืช.
04:03
So they had a small problem:
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื ื‘ืขื™ื” ืงื˜ื ื”:
04:05
they couldn't really find a submarine in West Hollywood.
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ื”ื ืœื ืžืžืฉ ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ืฆื•ืœืœืช ื‘ืžืขืจื‘ ื”ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื“.
04:08
So basically, what they did is,
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขืฉื•,
04:12
they went to a friend's swimming pool,
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ื–ื” ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจ,
04:15
and Frank performed a cannonball, or bomba.
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ื•ืคืจื ืง ืขืฉื” ืงืคื™ืฆืช ื‘ื•ืžื‘ื”.
04:21
They placed an underwater mic
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ื”ื ื”ืชืงื™ื ื• ืžื™ืงืจื•ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ืจื™ื›ื”
04:23
and an overhead mic outside the swimming pool.
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ื•ืžื™ืงืจื•ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื›ื”.
04:26
So here's what the underwater mic sounds like.
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ื›ืš ื ืฉืžืข ื”ืฉืžืข ืžื”ืžื™ืงืจื•ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ืจื™ื›ื”.
04:29
(Underwater plunge)
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(ืฆืœื™ืœื” ืœื‘ืจื™ื›ื”)
04:31
Adding the overhead mic,
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ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ืงื•ืœ ืžื”ืžื™ืงืจื•ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืžืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื›ื”
04:33
it sounded a bit like this:
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ื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ื›ืš:
04:35
(Water splashes)
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(ืžื™ื ื ื™ืชื–ื™ื)
04:37
So now they took the sound and pitched it one octave down,
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ื”ื ืœืงื—ื• ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ื”ืงืœื˜ื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ืจื™ื“ื• ืืช ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืฆืœื™ืœ ืฉืœื”ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื‘ื” ืื—ืช,
04:41
sort of like slowing down a record.
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ื‘ืขืจืš ื›ืžื• ืœื”ืื˜ ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืชืงืœื™ื˜.
04:44
(Water splashes at lower octave)
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(ืžื™ื ื ื™ืชื–ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื‘ื” ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ)
04:47
And then they removed a lot of the high frequencies.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื ื”ืกื™ืจื• ื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžื”ืชื“ืจื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื.
04:50
(Water splashes)
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(ืžื™ื ื ื™ืชื–ื™ื)
04:53
And pitched it down another octave.
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ื•ื”ืคื—ื™ืชื• ืื•ืงื˜ื‘ื” ืคืขื ื ื•ืกืคืช.
04:56
(Water splashes at lower octave)
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(ืžื™ื ื ื™ืชื–ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื‘ื” ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ)
04:58
And then they added a little bit of the splash
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ื•ืื– ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื• ืžืขื˜ ืžื”ื ืชื–,
05:01
from the overhead microphone.
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ืฉื”ืงืœื™ื˜ ื”ืžื™ืงืจื•ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืžืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื›ื”.
05:03
(Water splashes)
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(ืžื™ื ื ื™ืชื–ื™ื)
05:06
And by looping and repeating that sound,
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ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉืžืขื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืงืœื˜ื”
05:09
they got this:
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ื”ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื–ื”:
05:10
(Propeller churns)
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(ืžื“ื—ืฃ)
05:16
So, creativity and technology put together in order to create the illusion
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ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื—ื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ื™ื—ื“ ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืืฉืœื™ื”,
05:23
that we're inside the submarine.
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ืฉืื ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืฆื•ืœืœืช.
05:26
But once you've created your sounds
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื™ืฆืจืชื ืืช ื”ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ืฉืจืฆื™ืชื
05:30
and you've synced them to the image,
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ื•ืกื ื›ืจื ืชื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืœืชืžื•ื ื”,
05:32
you want those sounds to live in the world of the story.
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ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื”ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื™ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ.
05:37
And one the best ways to do that is to add reverb.
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ื•ืื—ืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื›ืš, ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื“ื”ื•ื“
05:41
So this is the first audio tool I want to talk about.
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ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื•.
05:45
Reverberation, or reverb, is the persistence of the sound
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Reverberation ืื• ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ Reverb, ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื›ื• ืฉืœ ืงื•ืœ
05:50
after the original sound has ended.
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ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืงื•ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื.
05:52
So it's sort of like the --
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ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื• --
05:54
all the reflections from the materials,
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ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื—ื–ืจื™ื ืžื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื,
05:57
the objects and the walls around the sound.
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ืžื”ืขืฆืžื™ื ื•ื”ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืงื•ืœ.
06:00
Take, for example, the sound of a gunshot.
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ื ื™ืงื— ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืฉืžืข ืฉืœ ื™ืจื™.
06:03
The original sound is less than half a second long.
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ื”ืงื•ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืงืฆืจ ืžื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ื”.
06:08
(Gunshot)
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(ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื™ืจื™)
06:09
By adding reverb,
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื“ื”ื•ื“,
06:11
we can make it sound like it was recorded inside a bathroom.
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื™ืจื™ ืœื”ืฉืžืข ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ืงืœื˜ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืืžื‘ื˜ื™ื”.
06:15
(Gunshot reverbs in bathroom)
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(ืฉืžืข ืฉืœ ื™ืจื™ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืืžื‘ื˜ื™ื” ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื“ื”ื•ื“)
06:17
Or like it was recorded inside a chapel or a church.
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ืื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ืงืœื˜ ื‘ืงืคืœื” ืื• ื‘ื›ื ืกื™ื™ื”.
06:20
(Gunshot reverbs church)
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(ืฉืžืข ืฉืœ ื™ืจื™ ื‘ื›ื ืกื™ื™ื” ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื“ื”ื•ื“)
06:23
Or in a canyon.
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ืื• ื‘ืงื ื™ื•ืŸ.
06:26
(Gunshot reverbs in canyon)
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(ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื™ืจื™ ื‘ืงื ื™ื•ืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื“ื”ื•ื“)
06:27
So reverb gives us a lot of information
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ื”ื“ื”ื•ื“ ืžืกืคืง ืœื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื™ื“ืข
06:30
about the space between the listener and the original sound source.
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืื–ื™ืŸ ืœืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ืœ.
06:35
If the sound is the taste,
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ืื ื”ืงื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ื˜ืขื,
06:37
then reverb is sort of like the smell of the sound.
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ืื– ื”ื“ื”ื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื• ื”ืจื™ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืœ.
06:42
But reverb can do a lot more.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื“ื”ื•ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
06:44
Listening to a sound with a lot less reverberation
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ื”ืื–ื ื” ืœืงื•ืœ ืขื ืžืขื˜ ืžืื•ื“ ื”ื“ื”ื•ื“
06:48
than the on-screen action
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ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืขืœ ื”ืžืกืš,
06:50
is going to immediately signify to us
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ืชืกืžืŸ ืœื ื• ืžื™ื“,
06:53
that we're listening to a commentator,
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ืฉืื ื• ืžืื–ื™ื ื™ื ืœืคืจืฉืŸ,
06:56
to an objective narrator that's not participating in the on-screen action.
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ืœืžืกืคืจ ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืฉืœื ืœื•ืงื— ื—ืœืง ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืš.
07:02
Also, emotionally intimate moments in cinema
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ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืจื’ืขื™ื ืื™ื ื˜ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืกืจื˜ื™ ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข
07:06
are often heard with zero reverb,
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ื ืฉืžืขื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœืœื ื”ื“ื”ื•ื“,
07:08
because that's how it would sound if someone was speaking inside our ear.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื›ืš ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื ืฉืžืข ืœื• ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ื™ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืื•ื–ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•.
07:13
On the completely other side,
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ืžืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™,
07:15
adding a lot of reverb to a voice
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ื”ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื“ื”ื•ื“ ืจื‘ ืœืงื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืื“ื
07:17
is going to make us think that we're listening to a flashback,
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ื™ื’ืจื•ื ืœื ื• ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืื ื• ืžืื–ื™ื ื™ื ืœืคืœืฉื‘ืง,
07:21
or perhaps that we're inside the head of a character
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ืื• ืฉืื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ืจืืฉื” ืฉืœ ื“ืžื•ืช
07:25
or that we're listening to the voice of God.
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ืื• ืฉืื ื• ืžืื–ื™ื ื™ื ืœืงื•ืœื• ืฉืœ ืืœื•ื”ื™ื.
07:28
Or, even more powerful in film,
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ืื• ืœืงื•ืœ ืืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™,
07:30
Morgan Freeman.
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ืฉืœ ืžื•ืจื’ืŸ ืคืจื™ืžืŸ.
07:32
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:33
So --
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ืื– --
07:34
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
07:37
But what are some other tools or hacks
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ืžื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ืœื™ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ืงื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื,
07:41
that sound designers use?
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ืฉืžืขืฆื‘ื™ ืงื•ืœ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ?
07:44
Well, here's a really big one.
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ื”ื ื” ืื—ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
07:51
It's silence.
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ืฉืงื˜.
07:53
A few moments of silence is going to make us pay attention.
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ื›ืžื” ืจื’ืขื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืงื˜ ื™ื’ืจืžื• ืœื ื• ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘.
07:57
And in the Western world,
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ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™,
08:00
we're not really used to verbal silences.
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ืื ื• ืœื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืœืฉืชื™ืงื•ืช.
08:02
They're considered awkward or rude.
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ื”ืŸ ื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื™ื›ื•ืช ืื• ืœื ืžื ื•ืžืกื•ืช.
08:06
So silence preceding verbal communication
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ืฉืงื˜ ืฉืžืงื“ื™ื ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™ืช
08:11
can create a lot of tension.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืชื— ืจื‘.
08:13
But imagine a really big Hollywood movie,
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืกืจื˜ ื”ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื“ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ,
08:16
where it's full of explosions and automatic guns.
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ืฉืžืœื ื‘ืคื™ืฆื•ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ื.
08:22
Loud stops being loud anymore, after a while.
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ืจืขืฉ ืžืคืกื™ืง ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจื•ืขืฉ ืœืื—ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืžื”.
08:26
So in a yin-yang way,
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ืื– ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืื ื’ ื›ื–ื”,
08:27
silence needs loudness and loudness needs silence
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ืฉืงื˜ ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืจืขืฉ ื•ืจืขืฉ ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืฉืงื˜
08:31
for either of them to have any effect.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืคืขื”.
08:34
But what does silence mean?
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ืืš ืœืžื” ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื‘ืฉืงื˜?
08:35
Well, it depends how it's used in each film.
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ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืื•ืคืŸ ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื• ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืกืจื˜.
08:39
Silence can place us inside the head of a character
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ืฉืงื˜ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฆื™ื‘ ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ืจืืฉื” ืฉืœ ื“ืžื•ืช
08:42
or provoke thought.
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ืื• ืœื’ืจื•ืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช.
08:44
We often relate silences with ...
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ืื ื• ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœืงืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืงื˜ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ...
08:48
contemplation,
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ื”ืจื”ื•ืจ,
08:50
meditation,
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ืžื“ื™ื˜ืฆื™ื”,
08:53
being deep in thought.
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ืฉืงื™ืขื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช.
08:56
But apart from having one meaning,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืฉืงื˜ ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืช,
08:59
silence becomes a blank canvas
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ืฉืงื˜ ื”ื•ืคืš ืœืœื•ื— ื—ืœืง
09:01
upon which the viewer is invited to the paint their own thoughts.
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ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืžื•ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื•ืคื” ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ ืืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืชื™ื•.
09:06
But I want to make it clear: there is no such thing as silence.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจ: ืื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื–ื” "ืฉืงื˜".
09:11
And I know this sounds like the most pretentious TED Talk statement ever.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื–ืืช ื ืฉืžืขืช ื›ืžื• ื”ืืžื™ืจื” ื”ื›ื™ ื™ื•ืžืจื ื™ืช ืฉื ืืžืจื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืจืฆืืช TED ืื™ ืคืขื.
09:16
But even if you were to enter a room with zero reverberation
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœื—ื“ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื”ื“ื”ื•ื“,
09:22
and zero external sounds,
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ื•ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื,
09:24
you would still be able to hear the pumping of your own blood.
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืืช ืืช ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœื›ื ืคื•ืขื.
09:28
And in cinema, traditionally, there was never a silent moment
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ื•ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืืžืช ืจื’ืขื™ื ืฉืงื˜ื™ื
09:32
because of the sound of the projector.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืจืขืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืจืŸ.
09:34
And even in today's Dolby world,
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”-Dolby ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™,
09:38
there's not really any moment of silence if you listen around you.
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ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืืžืช ืจื’ืข ืื—ื“ ืฉืœ ืฉืงื˜, ืื ืจืง ืชืื–ื™ื ื• ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื›ื.
09:42
There's always some sort of noise.
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ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ืฉื ื• ืงื•ืœ ืžืกื•ื™ื.
09:44
Now, since there's no such thing as silence,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื–ื” ืฉืงื˜,
09:47
what do filmmakers and sound designers use?
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ื‘ืžื” ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ ืกืจื˜ื™ื ื•ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ ืงื•ืœ?
09:51
Well, as a synonym, they often use ambiences.
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ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ื”ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืืžื‘ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื.
09:56
Ambiences are the unique background sounds
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ืืžื‘ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื ื”ื ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืจืงืข ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื,
10:00
that are specific to each location.
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ื”ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื ืœืžืงื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื.
10:03
Each location has a unique sound,
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ืœื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื™ืฉ ืงื•ืœ ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™
10:05
and each room has a unique sound,
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ื•ืœื›ืœ ื—ื“ืจ ื™ืฉ ืงื•ืœ ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™,
10:07
which is called room tone.
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ืฉืžื›ื•ื ื” ืฆืœื™ืœ ื—ื“ืจ.
10:08
So here's a recording of a market in Morocco.
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ื”ื ื” ื”ืงืœื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืง ื‘ืžืจื•ืงื•.
10:11
(Voices, music)
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(ืงื•ืœื•ืช, ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”)
10:17
And here's a recording of Times Square in New York.
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ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ืงืœื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื™ื›ืจ ื˜ื™ื™ืžืก ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง.
10:20
(Traffic sounds, car horns, voices)
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(ื›ืœื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ืฆื•ืคืจื™ ืจื›ื‘, ืงื•ืœื•ืช)
10:27
Room tone is the addition of all the noises inside the room:
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ืฆืœื™ืœ ื”ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื•ื ืกืš ื›ืœ ื”ืจืขืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ื—ื“ืจ:
10:31
the ventilation, the heating, the fridge.
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ื”ืžื™ื–ื•ื’, ื”ื—ื™ืžื•ื, ื”ืžืงืจืจ.
10:33
Here's a recording of my apartment in Brooklyn.
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ื”ื ื” ื”ืงืœื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื™ ื‘ื‘ืจื•ืงืœื™ืŸ.
10:36
(You can hear the ventilation, the boiler, the fridge and street traffic)
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(ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืืช ื”ืžื™ื–ื•ื’, ื”ื‘ื•ื™ืœืจ, ื”ืžืงืจืจ ื•ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘)
10:47
Ambiences work in a most primal way.
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ืืžื‘ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืงื“ื•ืžื” ืžืื•ื“.
10:52
They can speak directly to our brain subconsciously.
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ื”ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืืœ ืชืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืข ื‘ืžื•ื—ื ื•.
10:56
So, birds chirping outside your window may indicate normality,
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ืื– ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื–ืžืจื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื—ืœื•ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื“ืจ ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ื•ืช,
11:02
perhaps because, as a species,
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ืื•ืœื™ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื›ืžื™ืŸ,
11:05
we've been used to that sound every morning for millions of years.
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ื”ืชืจื’ืœื ื• ืœืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉื ื™ื.
11:10
(Birds chirp)
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(ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืจื•ืช)
11:17
On the other hand, industrial sounds have been introduced to us
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ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™, ื™ืฆื ืœื ื• ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”
11:21
a little more recently.
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ืจืง ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”.
11:23
Even though I really like them personally --
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ --
11:26
they've been used by one of my heroes, David Lynch,
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ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื”ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื—ื“ ืžื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื™ื“ ืœื™ื ืฅ',
11:28
and his sound designer, Alan Splet --
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ื•ืžืขืฆื‘ ื”ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœื•, ืืœืืŸ ืกืคืœื˜ --
11:30
industrial sounds often carry negative connotations.
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ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ื™ื ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืงื•ื ื•ื˜ืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช.
11:33
(Machine noises)
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[ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช)
11:40
Now, sound effects can tap into our emotional memory.
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ืืคืงื˜ื™ื ืงื•ืœื™ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื’ืขืช ื‘ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
11:46
Occasionally, they can be so significant
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ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื,
11:49
that they become a character in a movie.
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ืฉื”ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ืกืจื˜.
11:52
The sound of thunder may indicate divine intervention or anger.
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ืงื•ืœื• ืฉืœ ืจืขื ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืกืžืœ ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช ืื• ื–ืขื.
11:58
(Thunder)
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(ืจืขื)
12:03
Church bells can remind us of the passing of time,
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ืคืขืžื•ื ื™ ื›ื ืกื™ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืกืžืœ ืืช ื—ืœื•ืฃ ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
12:07
or perhaps our own mortality.
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ืื• ืืช ื”ื™ื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื ื™ ืชืžื•ืชื”.
12:11
(Bells ring)
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(ืคืขืžื•ื ื™ื ืžืฆืœืฆืœื™ื)
12:19
And breaking of glass can indicate the end of a relationship
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ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ื ืฉื‘ืจืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืกืžืœ ืืช ืกื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื,
12:24
or a friendship.
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ืื• ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช.
12:26
(Glass breaks)
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(ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ื ืฉื‘ืจืช)
12:28
Scientists believe that dissonant sounds,
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ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ืฆื•ืจืžื™ื,
12:32
for example, brass or wind instruments played very loud,
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื›ืœื™ ื ืฉื™ืคื” ืฉืžื ื’ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืจื ืžืื•ื“,
12:38
may remind us of animal howls in nature
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ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื ื• ื™ืœืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข
12:42
and therefore create a sense of irritation or fear.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื ื• ืœื—ื•ืฉ ืื™ ื ืขื™ืžื•ืช ืื• ืคื—ื“.
12:46
(Brass and wind instruments play)
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(ืฆืœื™ืœื™ ื ื’ื™ื ื” ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื ืฉื™ืคื”)
12:52
So now we've spoken about on-screen sounds.
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ืขื“ ื›ื” ื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœ ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืš.
12:56
But occasionally, the source of a sound cannot be seen.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืขื™ืชื™ื, ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ืœ ืœื ื ืจืื”.
13:00
That's what we call offscreen sounds,
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ืœื›ืš ืื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื—ื•ืฅ-ืžืกืš,
13:03
or "acousmatic."
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ืื• ืงื•ืœื•ืช "ืืงื•ืกืžื˜ื™ื™ื".
13:05
Acousmatic sounds --
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ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืืงื•ืกืžื˜ื™ื™ื --
13:07
well, the term "acousmatic" comes from Pythagoras in ancient Greece,
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ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ "ืืงื•ืกืžื˜ื™" ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื’ืจืก ืฉื—ื™ ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืชื™ืงื”,
13:12
who used to teach behind a veil or curtain for years,
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืœืžื“ ืชื—ืช ืžืขื˜ื” ืื• ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื•ื™ืœื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื,
13:16
not revealing himself to his disciples.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื—ืฉืฃ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื•.
13:19
I think the mathematician and philosopher thought that,
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ืื ื™ ืžืขืจื™ืš ืฉื”ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงืื™ ื•ื”ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืฃ ื—ืฉื‘,
13:23
in that way,
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ืฉื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื–ื”,
13:25
his students might focus more on the voice,
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ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืžื•ืงื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืงื•ืœ,
13:29
and his words and its meaning,
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ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืืžืจ ื•ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชืŸ,
13:31
rather than the visual of him speaking.
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ื•ืœื ื‘ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื‘ืจ.
13:34
So sort of like the Wizard of Oz,
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ืื– ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืงื•ืกื ืžืืจืฅ ืขื•ืฅ,
13:37
or "1984's" Big Brother,
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ืื• ื”ืื— ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืกืคืจ "1984",
13:42
separating the voice from its source,
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ื”ืคืจื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืœ ืžื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืฉืœื•,
13:45
separating cause and effect
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ื”ืคืจื“ื” ืฉืœ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžืชื•ืฆืื”,
13:48
sort of creates a sense of ubiquity or panopticism,
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ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืžืฆืื•ืช ืขืœ-ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ืช ืื• ืคื ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืฆื™ื–ื,
13:52
and therefore, authority.
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ื•ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš, ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืกืžื›ื•ืช.
13:55
There's a strong tradition of acousmatic sound.
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ื™ืฉื ื” ืžืกื•ืจืช ืืจื•ื›ื” ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืืงื•ืกืžื˜ื™ื™ื.
13:59
Nuns in monasteries in Rome and Venice used to sing in rooms
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ื ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืžื ื•ื•ื ืฆื™ื” ื ื”ื’ื• ืœืฉื™ืจ ื‘ื—ื“ืจื™ื,
14:05
up in galleries close to the ceiling,
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ืฉื”ื™ื• ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืชืงืจื” ื‘ื’ืœืจื™ื•ืช,
14:09
creating the illusion that we're listening to angels up in the sky.
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ื‘ื›ืš ื™ืฆืจื• ืืช ื”ืืฉืœื™ื” ืฉืื ื• ืžืื–ื™ื ื™ื ืœืžืœืื›ื™ื ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื™ื.
14:14
Richard Wagner famously created the hidden orchestra
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ืจื™ื›ืจื“ ื•ื’ื ืจ ืžืคื•ืจืกื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืชื–ืžื•ืจืช ื”ื ืกืชืจืช,
14:18
that was placed in a pit between the stage and the audience.
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ืฉืžืžื•ืงืžืช ื‘ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ืžื” ืœืงื”ืœ.
14:21
And one of my heroes, Aphex Twin, famously hid in dark corners of clubs.
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ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™, ืืคืงืก ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืŸ, ืžืคื•ืจืกื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ืชื—ื‘ื ื‘ืคื™ื ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ื.
14:27
I think what all these masters knew is that by hiding the source,
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืžื” ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื™ื“ืขื• ื”ื•ื ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกืชืจืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจ,
14:32
you create a sense of mystery.
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ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืžื™ืกืชื•ืจื™ืŸ.
14:33
This has been seen in cinema over and over,
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ืจื•ืื™ื ื–ืืช ื‘ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข ืคืขื ืื—ืจ ืคืขื,
14:35
with Hitchcock, and Ridley Scott in "Alien."
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ืืฆืœ ื”ื™ืฆ'ืงื•ืง, ื•ื‘"ื ื•ืกืข ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื™" ืฉืœ ืจื™ื“ืœื™ ืกืงื•ื˜.
14:39
Hearing a sound without knowing its source
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ืฉืžื™ืขื” ืฉืœ ืงื•ืœ ื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืฉืœื•
14:41
is going to create some sort of tension.
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ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืกื•ื’ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืชื—.
14:46
Also, it can minimize certain visual restrictions that directors have
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ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื ื™ืชืŸ ื›ืš ืœืฆืžืฆื ื”ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื‘ืžืื™ื,
14:52
and can show something that wasn't there during filming.
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ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื™ืœื•ื.
14:55
And if all this sounds a little theoretical,
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ื•ืื ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ืชืื•ืจื˜ื™ ืžื™ื“ื™,
14:57
I wanted to play a little video.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืงืฆืจ.
15:01
(Toy squeaks)
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(ืฆืขืฆื•ืข ืžืฆื™ื™ืฅ)
15:04
(Typewriter)
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(ืžื›ื•ื ืช ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”)
15:07
(Drums)
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(ืชื•ืคื™ื)
15:11
(Ping-pong)
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(ืคื™ื ื’ ืคื•ื ื’)
15:14
(Knives being sharpened)
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(ื”ืฉื—ื–ืช ืกื›ื™ื ื™ื)
15:17
(Record scratches)
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(ืชืงืœื™ื˜ ื ืฉืจื˜)
15:21
(Saw cuts)
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(ืžืกื•ืจ ื—ื•ืชืš)
15:22
(Woman screams)
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(ืื™ืฉื” ืฆื•ืจื—ืช)
15:24
What I'm sort of trying to demonstrate with these tools
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ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ืืœื”
15:29
is that sound is a language.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืงื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืฉืคื”.
15:32
It can trick us by transporting us geographically;
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ืงื•ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืขืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื ื• ืœืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช;
15:36
it can change the mood;
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ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจื”;
15:38
it can set the pace;
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ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืงืฆื‘;
15:41
it can make us laugh or it can make us scared.
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ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื ื• ืœืฆื—ื•ืง ืื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื ื• ืœืคื—ื“.
15:46
On a personal level, I fell in love with that language
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ื‘ื ื™ืžื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช, ืื ื™ ื”ืชืื”ื‘ืชื™ ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ื–ืืช
15:50
a few years ago,
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ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื,
15:51
and somehow managed to make it into some sort of profession.
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ื•ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืžื ื” ืงืจื™ื™ืจื”.
15:57
And I think with our work through the sound library,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืขื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉืžืข,
16:00
we're trying to kind of expand the vocabulary of that language.
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ืื ื• ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคื” ื”ื–ืืช.
16:07
And in that way, we want to offer the right tools
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื
16:11
to sound designers,
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ืœืžืขืฆื‘ื™ ืงื•ืœ,
16:12
filmmakers,
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ืœื™ื•ืฆืจื™ ืกืจื˜ื™ื,
16:14
and video game and app designers,
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ืœืžืคืชื—ื™ ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื•ืœืžืคืชื—ื™ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื,
16:16
to keep telling even better stories
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืกืคืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ
16:20
and creating even more beautiful lies.
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ื•ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืงืจื™ื ื™ืคื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
16:23
So thanks for listening.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ืงืฉื‘ื”.
16:24
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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