What's wrong with what we eat | Mark Bittman

674,939 views ใƒป 2008-05-21

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Smadar Prager ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Shlomo Adam
00:16
I write about food. I write about cooking.
0
16160
2000
ืื ื™ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืขืœ ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ืื ื™ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ.
00:18
I take it quite seriously,
1
18160
2000
ืื ื™ ืœื•ืงื— ืืช ื–ื” ื“ื™ ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช,
00:20
but I'm here to talk about something
2
20160
2000
ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืืชื™ ืœื›ืืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื•
00:22
that's become very important to me in the last year or two.
3
22160
4000
ืฉื”ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจื™
ื‘ืฉื ื” ืื• ื”ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช.
00:26
It is about food, but it's not about cooking, per se.
4
26160
4000
ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ื›ืฉืœืขืฆืžื•.
00:31
I'm going to start with this picture of a beautiful cow.
5
31160
2000
ืืชื—ื™ืœ ืขื ืชืžื•ื ืช ื”ืคืจื” ื”ืžืงืกื™ืžื” ื”ื–ื•.
00:34
I'm not a vegetarian -- this is the old Nixon line, right?
6
34160
3000
ืื ื™ ืœื ืฆืžื—ื•ื ื™ -- ื–ื• ืฉื•ืจื” ื™ืฉื ื” ืฉืœ ื ื™ืงืกื•ืŸ, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
00:37
But I still think that this --
7
37160
2000
ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” --
00:39
(Laughter)
8
39160
1000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:40
-- may be this year's version of this.
9
40160
2000
-- ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื• ืจืง ื”ื’ื™ืจืกื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื”.
00:43
Now, that is only a little bit hyperbolic.
10
43160
4000
ื–ื” ืจืง ืงืฆืช ืžื•ื’ื–ื.
00:47
And why do I say it?
11
47160
2000
ื•ืœืžื” ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืืช ื–ื”?
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืจืง ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ื’ื•ืจืœื ืฉืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื
00:49
Because only once before has the fate of individual people
12
49160
4000
00:53
and the fate of all of humanity
13
53160
2000
ื•ื’ื•ืจืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ื›ื•ืœื”
00:55
been so intertwined.
14
55160
2000
ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืฉื–ื•ืจื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื”.
00:57
There was the bomb, and there's now.
15
57160
2000
ืคืขื ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืคืฆืฆื”, ื•ื”ื™ื•ื - ื–ื”.
01:00
And where we go from here is going to determine
16
60160
2000
ื•ืœืืŸ ืฉื ืžืฉื™ืš ืžื›ืืŸ ื™ืงื‘ืข
01:02
not only the quality and the length of our individual lives,
17
62160
4000
ืœื ืจืง ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืชื ื•ืื•ืจื›ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ืช ืžืื™ืชื ื•,
01:06
but whether, if we could see the Earth a century from now,
18
66160
2000
ืืœื ืื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžืื” ืฉื ื”,
01:08
we'd recognize it.
19
68160
2000
ื”ืื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื•?
01:10
It's a holocaust of a different kind,
20
70160
2000
ื–ื• ืฉื•ืื” ืžืกื•ื’ ืื—ืจ,
01:12
and hiding under our desks isn't going to help.
21
72160
3000
ื•ืœื ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ื ืžืชื—ืช ืœืฉื•ืœื—ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื•.
01:15
Start with the notion that global warming
22
75160
2000
ื”ื—ืœ ืžื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืชื—ืžืžื•ืช ื›ืœืœ-ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช
01:17
is not only real, but dangerous.
23
77160
2000
ื”ื™ื ืœื ืจืง ืืžื™ืชื™ืช, ืืœื ื’ื ืžืกื•ื›ื ืช,
01:19
Since every scientist in the world now believes this,
24
79160
3000
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ืžื“ืขืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืžืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื•,
01:22
and even President Bush has seen the light, or pretends to,
25
82160
3000
ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื•ืฉ ืจืื” ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ, ืื• ืขื•ืฉื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื•,
01:25
we can take this is a given.
26
85160
2000
ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœ ื–ื” ื›ืืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื”.
ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœื–ื”, ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”.
01:28
Then hear this, please.
27
88160
2000
01:30
After energy production, livestock is the second-highest contributor
28
90160
4000
ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืคืงืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื”, ืžืฉืง-ื”ื—ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœื•
01:34
to atmosphere-altering gases.
29
94160
2000
ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื’ื–ื™ื ืžืฉื ื™-ืื˜ืžื•ืกืคื™ืจื”.
01:36
Nearly one-fifth of all greenhouse gas
30
96160
4000
ื›ืžืขื˜ ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ืช ืžื›ืœ ื’ื–ื™ ื”ื—ืžืžื”
01:40
is generated by livestock production --
31
100160
2000
ืžื•ืคืงื™ื ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื --
01:42
more than transportation.
32
102160
2000
ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”.
01:44
Now, you can make all the jokes you want about cow farts,
33
104160
4000
ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื‘ื“ื— ื›ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืขืœ ื ืื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ืช,
01:48
but methane is 20 times more poisonous than CO2,
34
108160
3000
ืื‘ืœ ืžืชืืŸ ืจืขื™ืœ ืคื™ 20 ืžื“ื•-ืชื—ืžื•ืฆืช ื”ืคื—ืžืŸ,
01:51
and it's not just methane.
35
111160
2000
ื•ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืจืง ื‘ืžืชืืŸ.
01:53
Livestock is also one of the biggest culprits in land degradation,
36
113160
4000
ืžืฉืง-ื”ื—ื™ ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืืฉืžื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืฉื—ืชืช ื”ืงืจืงืข,
01:57
air and water pollution, water shortages and loss of biodiversity.
37
117160
5000
ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื”ืื•ื™ืจ, ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื.
02:02
There's more.
38
122160
1000
ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“.
02:03
Like half the antibiotics in this country
39
123160
3000
ืœืžืฉืœ, ืฉื—ืฆื™ ืžื”ืื ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ืงื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื–ื•
ืœื ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื, ืืœื ืœื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื.
02:06
are not administered to people, but to animals.
40
126160
3000
02:09
But lists like this become kind of numbing, so let me just say this:
41
129160
3000
ืื‘ืœ ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ื“ื™ ืžืจื“ื™ืžื•ืช, ืื– ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ืจืง ื–ืืช,
02:12
if you're a progressive,
42
132160
2000
ืื ืืชื ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื,
02:14
if you're driving a Prius, or you're shopping green,
43
134160
3000
ืื ืืชื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ื”ื™ื‘ืจื™ื“ื™, ืื ืืชื ืงื•ื ื™ื ื™ืจื•ืง,
02:17
or you're looking for organic,
44
137160
2000
ืื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ื™ื,
02:19
you should probably be a semi-vegetarian.
45
139160
3000
ืืชื ืžืŸ ื”ืกืชื ืฆืžื—ื•ื ื™ื™ื-ื—ืœืงื™ืช.
02:23
Now, I'm no more anti-cattle than I am anti-atom,
46
143160
4000
ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ื˜ื™-ืคืจื” ืžืืฉืจ ืื ื˜ื™-ืื˜ื•ื,
02:27
but it's all in the way we use these things.
47
147160
2000
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื›ืœ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
02:29
There's another piece of the puzzle,
48
149160
2000
ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื—ืœืง ื‘ืชืฆืจืฃ
02:31
which Ann Cooper talked about beautifully yesterday,
49
151160
2000
ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืืŸ ืงื•ืคืจ ื”ืจืฆืชื” ื ืคืœื ืืชืžื•ืœ,
02:33
and one you already know.
50
153160
2000
ื•ืืชื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื•.
ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง -- ืื™ืŸ -- ืฉื”ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช "ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื" --
02:36
There's no question, none, that so-called lifestyle diseases --
51
156160
4000
ืกื›ืจืช, ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘, ืฉื‘ืฅ, ื›ืžื” ืกื•ื’ื™ ืกืจื˜ืŸ --
02:40
diabetes, heart disease, stroke, some cancers --
52
160160
4000
02:44
are diseases that are far more prevalent here
53
164160
3000
ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื›ื™ื—ื•ืช ื›ืืŸ
02:47
than anywhere in the rest of the world.
54
167160
2000
ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
02:49
And that's the direct result of eating a Western diet.
55
169160
4000
ื•ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืชื•ืฆืื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื–ื•ื ื” ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช.
02:53
Our demand for meat, dairy and refined carbohydrates --
56
173160
4000
ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืฉืœื ื• ืœื‘ืฉืจ, ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื—ืœื‘ ื•ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช --
ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืคื—ื™ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ ืงื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ื --
02:57
the world consumes one billion cans or bottles of Coke a day --
57
177160
5000
03:02
our demand for these things, not our need, our want,
58
182160
4000
ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืฉืœื ื• ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•, ืœื ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• --
03:06
drives us to consume way more calories than are good for us.
59
186160
4000
ื’ื•ืจื ืœื ื• ืœืฆืจื•ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืœื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืžื” ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื ื•.
03:10
And those calories are in foods that cause, not prevent, disease.
60
190160
5000
ื•ื”ืงืœื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืžืฆื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉื’ื•ืจื, ืœื ืžื•ื ืข, ืžื—ืœื•ืช.
03:15
Now global warming was unforeseen.
61
195160
2000
ื”ื”ืชื—ืžืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ืœื ื ืฆืคืชื” ืžืจืืฉ.
03:17
We didn't know that pollution did more than cause bad visibility.
62
197160
4000
ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืื•ื™ืจ ืขื•ืฉื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืœื”ืงืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืจืื•ืช.
03:21
Maybe a few lung diseases here and there,
63
201160
2000
ืื•ืœื™ ื›ืžื” ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืจื™ืื•ืช ืคื” ื•ืฉื,
03:23
but, you know, that's not such a big deal.
64
203160
3000
ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื–ื” ืœื ื›ื–ื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
03:26
The current health crisis, however,
65
206160
2000
ืื‘ืœ ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™,
03:28
is a little more the work of the evil empire.
66
208160
3000
ื”ื•ื ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืฉื” ื™ื“ื™ ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืจืฉืข.
03:31
We were told, we were assured,
67
211160
3000
ืืžืจื• ืœื ื•, ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื• ืœื ื•,
ืฉื›ื›ืœ ืฉื ืื›ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ืขื•ืฃ ื•ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื—ืœื‘,
03:34
that the more meat and dairy and poultry we ate,
68
214160
2000
03:36
the healthier we'd be.
69
216160
2000
ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
03:38
No. Overconsumption of animals, and of course, junk food,
70
218160
3000
ืœื. ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืจืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžื”ื™ืจ,
03:41
is the problem, along with our paltry consumption of plants.
71
221160
4000
ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”, ืœืฆื“ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื–ื ื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืฆืžื—ื™ื.
03:45
Now, there's no time to get into the benefits of eating plants here,
72
225160
3000
ืื™ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ืœืžื ื•ืช ื›ืืŸ ืืช ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืช ืฆืžื—ื™ื,
03:48
but the evidence is that plants -- and I want to make this clear --
73
228160
3000
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื›ื— ืฉืฆืžื—ื™ื -- ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื–ื” --
03:51
it's not the ingredients in plants, it's the plants.
74
231160
4000
ืœื ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ืฆืžื—ื™ื, ืืœื ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื.
03:55
It's not the beta-carotene, it's the carrot.
75
235160
3000
ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื‘ื˜ื-ืงืจื•ื˜ืŸ, ืืœื ื”ื’ื–ืจ.
03:58
The evidence is very clear that plants promote health.
76
238160
4000
ื”ืจืื™ื” ืฉืฆืžื—ื™ื ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืœื’ืžืจื™.
04:02
This evidence is overwhelming at this point.
77
242160
2000
ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ื—ื•ืชื›ืช.
04:04
You eat more plants, you eat less other stuff, you live longer.
78
244160
4000
ืืชื” ืื•ื›ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฆืžื—ื™ื, ืืชื” ืื•ื›ืœ ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื›ืœ ื”ืฉืืจ - ืืชื” ื—ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:08
Not bad.
79
248160
2000
ืœื ืจืข.
04:10
But back to animals and junk food.
80
250160
2000
ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžื”ื™ืจ.
04:12
What do they have in common?
81
252160
2000
ืžื” ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื?
04:14
One: we don't need either of them for health.
82
254160
3000
ืื—ื“: ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ืช.
04:17
We don't need animal products,
83
257160
2000
ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™
ื•ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืœื ืœืœื—ื ืœื‘ืŸ ื•ืงื•ืœื”.
04:19
and we certainly don't need white bread or Coke.
84
259160
3000
04:22
Two: both have been marketed heavily,
85
262160
2000
ืฉืชื™ื™ื: ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืžืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช,
04:24
creating unnatural demand.
86
264160
2000
ืžื” ืฉื’ื•ืจื ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืœื ื˜ื‘ืขื™.
04:26
We're not born craving Whoppers or Skittles.
87
266160
5000
ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ื—ืฉืง ืœืื›ื•ืœ "ื•ื•ืคืจืก" ื•"ืกืงื™ื˜ืœืก".
04:31
Three: their production has been supported by government agencies
88
271160
3000
ืฉืœื•ืฉ: ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจื ื ืชืžืš ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื
04:34
at the expense of a more health- and Earth-friendly diet.
89
274160
3000
ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืชื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”.
04:37
Now, let's imagine a parallel.
90
277160
4000
ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื‘ืœื”.
04:41
Let's pretend that our government supported an oil-based economy,
91
281160
3000
ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืœื ื• ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช-ื ืคื˜
04:44
while discouraging more sustainable forms of energy,
92
284160
4000
ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืกื›ืœืช ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื–ืžื™ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืื ืจื’ื™ื”,
ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
04:48
knowing all the while that the result would be
93
288160
2000
04:50
pollution, war and rising costs.
94
290160
2000
ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืื•ื™ืจ, ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ืขืœื™ื™ืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื.
04:52
Incredible, isn't it?
95
292160
2000
ืžื“ื”ื™ื. ื”ืœื ื›ืŸ?
04:54
Yet they do that.
96
294160
2000
ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื.
ื•ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืืŸ. ื–ื” ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ.
04:56
And they do this here. It's the same deal.
97
296160
2000
04:58
The sad thing is, when it comes to diet,
98
298160
2000
ืžื” ืฉืขืฆื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื, ื›ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื–ื•ื ื”,
05:00
is that even when well-intentioned Feds
99
300160
2000
ื”ื•ื ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืฉื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืžืžืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช
05:02
try to do right by us, they fail.
100
302160
4000
ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืชื ื• ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื”ื ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื.
05:07
Either they're outvoted by puppets of agribusiness,
101
307160
3000
ืื• ืฉืขื•ืฉื™-ื“ื‘ืจื ืฉืœ ืขืกืงื™ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ื ื’ื“ื
05:10
or they are puppets of agribusiness.
102
310160
2000
ืื• ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™-ื“ื‘ืจื ืฉืœ ืขืกืงื™ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช.
05:12
So, when the USDA finally acknowledged
103
312160
4000
ืื– ื›ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืกื•ืฃ-ื›ืœ-ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื•ื“ื”
05:16
that it was plants, rather than animals, that made people healthy,
104
316160
4000
ืฉืฆืžื—ื™ื, ื•ืœืื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื, ื”ื ืืœื” ืฉื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ืจื™ืื™ื,
05:20
they encouraged us, via their overly simplistic food pyramid,
105
320160
4000
ื”ื ืขื•ื“ื“ื• ืื•ืชื ื•, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคืจืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืื•ื“ ืคืฉื˜ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื,
05:24
to eat five servings of fruits and vegetables a day,
106
324160
3000
ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื—ืžืฉ ืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื™ืจืงื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื,
05:27
along with more carbs.
107
327160
2000
ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืขื•ื“ ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช.
05:29
What they didn't tell us is that some carbs are better than others,
108
329160
3000
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืœื ืกื™ืคืจื• ืœื ื• ืฉืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื—ืจื•ืช,
05:32
and that plants and whole grains
109
332160
2000
ื•ืฉืฆืžื—ื™ื ื•ื“ื’ื ื™ื ืžืœืื™ื
05:34
should be supplanting eating junk food.
110
334160
2000
ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžื”ื™ืจ.
05:36
But industry lobbyists would never let that happen.
111
336160
3000
ืื‘ืœ ืฉืชื“ืœืชื ื™ื ืขืกืงื™ื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ื ื™ื—ื• ืœื–ื” ืœืงืจื•ืช.
05:39
And guess what?
112
339160
2000
ื•ื ื—ืฉื• ืžื”?
05:41
Half the people who developed the food pyramid
113
341160
2000
ืœื—ืฆื™ ืžืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืคื™ืชื—ื• ืืช ืคืจืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ
05:43
have ties to agribusiness.
114
343160
2000
ื™ืฉ ืงืฉืจื™ื ืขื ืขืกืงื™ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช.
05:45
So, instead of substituting plants for animals,
115
345160
3000
ืื– ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฆืžื—ื™ื,
05:48
our swollen appetites simply became larger,
116
348160
3000
ื”ืชืื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื ื•ืคื— ืฉืœื ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ,
05:51
and the most dangerous aspects of them remained unchanged.
117
351160
4000
ื•ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื• ื”ืžืกื•ื›ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืฉืืจื™ื ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™.
05:55
So-called low-fat diets, so-called low-carb diets --
118
355160
4000
ื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืช ื“ืœื•ืช-ืฉื•ืžืŸ ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ, ื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืช ื“ืœื•ืช-ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ --
05:59
these are not solutions.
119
359160
2000
ืืœื” ืœื ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช.
06:01
But with lots of intelligent people
120
361160
2000
ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื ื‘ื•ื ื™ื
ืžืชืžืงื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืื ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ ืื• ืžื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืงื•ืžื™,
06:03
focusing on whether food is organic or local,
121
363160
3000
06:06
or whether we're being nice to animals,
122
366160
2000
ืื• ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื—ืžื“ื™ื ืœื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื,
06:08
the most important issues just aren't being addressed.
123
368160
3000
ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ื•ืชืจื™ื ืœืœื ืžืขื ื”.
06:11
Now, don't get me wrong.
124
371160
2000
ืืœ ืชื‘ื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื™ ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
06:13
I like animals,
125
373160
2000
ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื,
06:15
and I don't think it's just fine to industrialize their production
126
375160
3000
ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื’ืžื•ืจ ืœืชืขืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจื
06:18
and to churn them out like they were wrenches.
127
378160
3000
ืœื—ื‘ื•ืฅ ื•ืœื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืื•ืชื.
06:21
But there's no way to treat animals well,
128
381160
3000
ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจืš ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื‘ืขืœื™-ื”ื—ื™ื™ื
06:24
when you're killing 10 billion of them a year.
129
384160
3000
ื›ืฉื”ื•ืจื’ื™ื 10 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืžื”ื ื‘ืฉื ื”.
06:27
That's our number. 10 billion.
130
387160
2000
ื–ื”ื• ื”ืžืกืคืจ. 10 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“.
06:29
If you strung all of them --
131
389160
2000
ืื ืชืขืžื™ื“ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ืจ --
06:31
chickens, cows, pigs and lambs -- to the moon,
132
391160
4000
ืขื•ืคื•ืช, ืคืจื•ืช, ื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ื•ื›ื‘ืฉื™ื -- ืขื“ ืœื™ืจื—,
ื”ื ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืฉื ื•ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ื—ืžืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื -- ืœืฉื ื•ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”.
06:35
they'd go there and back five times, there and back.
133
395160
2000
06:37
Now, my math's a little shaky, but this is pretty good,
134
397160
3000
ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ืœื ืžืฉื”ื•, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื“ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘,
06:40
and it depends whether a pig is four feet long or five feet long,
135
400160
3000
ื•ื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™ ืื ืื•ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื–ื™ืจ ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื˜ืจ ืื• ื›ืžื˜ืจ ื•ื—ืฆื™,
06:43
but you get the idea.
136
403160
2000
ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ืงื•ืœื˜ื™ื ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ.
06:45
That's just the United States.
137
405160
2000
ื–ื” ืจืง ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช.
ื•ืขื ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ืžื•ื’ื‘ืจืช ืฉืœื ื• ืืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•
06:48
And with our hyper-consumption of those animals
138
408160
2000
06:50
producing greenhouse gases and heart disease,
139
410160
3000
ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ื’ื–ื™ ื—ืžืžื” ื•ื’ื ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืœื‘,
06:53
kindness might just be a bit of a red herring.
140
413160
3000
ื ื—ืžื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื.
06:56
Let's get the numbers of the animals we're killing for eating down,
141
416160
4000
ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ืžืกืคืจื ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืจื’ื™ื ืœืื›ื™ืœื”,
07:00
and then we'll worry about being nice to the ones that are left.
142
420160
4000
ื•ืื– ื ื“ืื’ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื—ืžื“ื™ื ืœืืœื” ืฉื ืฉืืจื•.
07:04
Another red herring might be exemplified by the word "locavore,"
143
424160
4000
ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ืœื•ืงืื‘ื•ืจ".
07:08
which was just named word of the year by the New Oxford American Dictionary.
144
428160
3000
ืฉื–ื” ืขืชื” ื ื‘ื—ืจื” ืœืžื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื” ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ืœื•ืŸ ืื•ืงืกืคื•ืจื“ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ.
07:11
Seriously.
145
431160
2000
ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช.
07:13
And locavore, for those of you who don't know,
146
433160
2000
ื•"ืœื•ืงืื‘ื•ืจ", ืœืžื™ ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื›ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข,
07:15
is someone who eats only locally grown food --
147
435160
2000
ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ืฉืื•ื›ืœ ืจืง ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืงื•ืžื™.
07:17
which is fine if you live in California,
148
437160
3000
ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืื ืืชื” ื—ื™ ื‘ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”,
07:20
but for the rest of us it's a bit of a sad joke.
149
440160
3000
ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืืจ ื–ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื” ื“ื™ ืขื’ื•ืžื”.
07:23
Between the official story -- the food pyramid --
150
443160
3000
ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืจืฉืžื™ -- ืคื™ืจืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ --
07:26
and the hip locavore vision,
151
446160
2000
ื•ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”"ืœื•ืงืื‘ื•ืจ" ื”ืื•ืคื ืชื™,
07:28
you have two versions of how to improve our eating.
152
448160
2000
ื™ืฉ ืฉืชื™ ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ืื™ืš ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื ื•.
07:30
(Laughter).
153
450160
2000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง).
07:32
They both get it wrong, though.
154
452160
2000
ืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ื˜ื•ืขื•ืช, ืื’ื‘.
07:34
The first at least is populist, and the second is elitist.
155
454160
4000
ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืคื•ืคื•ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช, ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืืœื™ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช.
07:38
How we got to this place is the history of food in the United States.
156
458160
4000
ืื™ืš ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืขื“ ื›ืืŸ - ื–ื• ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช.
07:42
And I'm going to go through that,
157
462160
2000
ื•ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื”,
ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืคื—ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžื”ืจ ืžืื•ื“.
07:44
at least the last hundred years or so, very quickly right now.
158
464160
3000
07:47
A hundred years ago, guess what?
159
467160
2000
ืœืคื ื™ ืžืื” ืฉื ื™ื, ื ื—ืฉื• ืžื”?
07:49
Everyone was a locavore: even New York had pig farms nearby,
160
469160
4000
ื›ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• "ืœื•ืงืื‘ื•ืจื™ื", ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง ื”ื™ืชื” ื—ื•ื•ืช ื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ืช ืžืงื•ื,
07:53
and shipping food all over the place was a ridiculous notion.
161
473160
3000
ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ืข ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžื’ื•ื—ืš.
07:57
Every family had a cook, usually a mom.
162
477160
3000
ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื‘ื—, ื‘ื“ืจืš-ื›ืœืœ ื”ืืžื.
08:00
And those moms bought and prepared food.
163
480160
3000
ื•ื”ืืžื”ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืงื ื• ื•ื”ื›ื™ื ื• ืื•ื›ืœ.
08:03
It was like your romantic vision of Europe.
164
483160
2000
ื›ืžื• ื‘ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ืจื•ืžื ื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ืื™ืจื•ืคื”.
08:05
Margarine didn't exist.
165
485160
2000
ืžืจื’ืจื™ื ื” ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช.
08:07
In fact, when margarine was invented,
166
487160
3000
ืœืืžื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื›ืฉื”ืžืจื’ืจื™ื ื” ื”ื•ืžืฆืื”,
08:10
several states passed laws declaring that it had to be dyed pink,
167
490160
4000
ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ื—ื•ืง ืฉืงื‘ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืฆื‘ื•ืข ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื•ื•ืจื•ื“
08:14
so we'd all know that it was a fake.
168
494160
3000
ืขืœ-ืžื ืช ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ื“ืข ืฉื”ื™ื ื–ื™ื•ืฃ.
08:17
There was no snack food, and until the '20s,
169
497160
2000
ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื—ื˜ื™ืคื™ื, ื•ืขื“ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืขืฉืจื™ื,
08:19
until Clarence Birdseye came along, there was no frozen food.
170
499160
3000
ืขื“ ืฉืงืœืจื ืก ื‘ื™ืจื“ืกืื™ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืข, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืงืคื•ื.
08:22
There were no restaurant chains.
171
502160
3000
ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืจืฉืชื•ืช ืžืกืขื“ื•ืช.
08:25
There were neighborhood restaurants run by local people,
172
505160
2000
ื”ื™ื• ืžืกืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื›ื•ื ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ื”ืœื• ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื,
08:27
but none of them would think to open another one.
173
507160
2000
ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉ ืžื”ื ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืคืชื•ื— ืขื•ื“ ืื—ืช.
08:29
Eating ethnic was unheard of unless you were ethnic.
174
509160
3000
ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืฉืžืข ืขืœ ืื•ื›ืœ ืืชื ื™ ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืช ืืชื ื™.
08:32
And fancy food was entirely French.
175
512160
3000
ื•ืื•ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืจืง ืฆืจืคืชื™.
08:35
As an aside, those of you who remember
176
515160
3000
ื‘ืžืืžืจ ืžื•ืกื’ืจ, ืืœื” ืžื›ื ืฉื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื
08:38
Dan Aykroyd in the 1970s doing Julia Child imitations
177
518160
4000
ืืช ื“ืŸ ืื™ืงืจื•ื™ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-70 ืžื—ืงื” ืืช ื’'ื•ืœื™ื” ืฆ'ื™ื™ืœื“
08:42
can see where he got the idea of stabbing himself from this fabulous slide.
178
522160
5000
ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื”ืฉืงื•ืคื™ืช ื”ื ืคืœืื” ื”ื–ืืช ืžืื™ืคื” ื”ื•ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืœื“ืงื•ืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื•.
08:47
(Laughter)
179
527160
1000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:48
Back in those days, before even Julia,
180
528160
4000
ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื”ื, ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืคื ื™ ื’'ื•ืœื™ื”,
08:52
back in those days, there was no philosophy of food.
181
532160
2000
ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื”ื ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื™ืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
08:54
You just ate.
182
534160
2000
ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื›ืœื ื•.
08:56
You didn't claim to be anything.
183
536160
2000
ืœื ื”ืชื™ื™ืžืจื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ.
08:58
There was no marketing. There were no national brands.
184
538160
3000
ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ื ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง. ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืชื’ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื.
09:01
Vitamins had not been invented.
185
541160
3000
ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ื ื™ื ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืžืฆืื•.
ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืฆื”ืจื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช, ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœื ื›ืืœื” ืฉื”ืžืžืฉืœ ืขื•ื“ื“.
09:04
There were no health claims, at least not federally sanctioned ones.
186
544160
3000
09:07
Fats, carbs, proteins -- they weren't bad or good, they were food.
187
547160
4000
ืฉื•ืžื ื™ื, ืคื—ืžื™ืžื•ืช, ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื -- ื”ื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืื• ืจืขื™ื, ืืœื ืื•ื›ืœ.
09:11
You ate food.
188
551160
3000
ืื›ืœื ื• ืื•ื›ืœ.
ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืื—ื“,
09:14
Hardly anything contained more than one ingredient,
189
554160
2000
09:16
because it was an ingredient.
190
556160
2000
ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘.
09:18
The cornflake hadn't been invented.
191
558160
2000
ื“ื’ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื”ื•ืžืฆืื•.
09:20
(Laughter)
192
560160
1000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:21
The Pop-Tart, the Pringle, Cheez Whiz, none of that stuff.
193
561160
3000
ื”"ืคื•ืค-ื˜ืืจื˜", ื”"ืคืจื™ื ื’ืœืก", "ืฆ'ื™ื– ื•ื•ื™ื–", ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืืœื”.
09:24
Goldfish swam.
194
564160
2000
ื“ื’ื™ ื”ื–ื”ื‘ (ื’ื•ืœื“-ืคื™ืฉ) ืฉื—ื•.
09:26
(Laughter)
195
566160
2000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:28
It's hard to imagine. People grew food, and they ate food.
196
568160
3000
ื–ื” ืงืฉื” ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ. ืื ืฉื™ื ื’ื™ื“ืœื• ืื•ื›ืœ, ื•ืื›ืœื• ืื•ื›ืœ.
09:31
And again, everyone ate local.
197
571160
3000
ื•ืฉื•ื‘, ื›ื•ืœื ืื›ืœื• ืชื•ืฆืจืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช.
09:34
In New York, an orange was a common Christmas present,
198
574160
3000
ื‘ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง, ืชืคื•ื– ื”ื™ื” ืžืชื ื” ื ืคื•ืฆื” ืœืงืจื™ืกืžืก,
09:37
because it came all the way from Florida.
199
577160
3000
ืžื›ื™ื•ืŸืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืžืคืœื•ืจื™ื“ื” ื”ืจื—ื•ืงื”.
ืžืฉื ื•ืช ื”-30 ื•ืื™ืœืš ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืชืจื—ื‘ื”,
09:41
From the '30s on, road systems expanded,
200
581160
2000
09:43
trucks took the place of railroads,
201
583160
2000
ืžืฉืื™ื•ืช ืชืคืกื• ืืช ืžืงื•ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช,
09:45
fresh food began to travel more.
202
585160
2000
ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ืจื™ ื”ื—ืœ ืœื—ืฆื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืจื—ืงื™ื.
09:47
Oranges became common in New York.
203
587160
2000
ื”ืชืคื•ื–ื™ื ื”ืคื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืคื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง.
09:49
The South and West became agricultural hubs,
204
589160
3000
ื”ื“ืจื•ื ื•ื”ืžืขืจื‘ ื”ืคื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ื—ืงืœืื™ื™ื,
09:52
and in other parts of the country, suburbs took over farmland.
205
592160
3000
ื•ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืคืจื‘ืจื™ื ืชืคืกื• ืืช ืžืงื•ื ื”ื—ื•ื•ืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื•ืช.
09:55
The effects of this are well known. They are everywhere.
206
595160
3000
ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื” ื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื˜ื‘, ื”ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
09:58
And the death of family farms is part of this puzzle,
207
598160
3000
ื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชืฆืจืฃ ื”ื–ื”,
ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืžื• ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ:
10:01
as is almost everything
208
601160
2000
10:03
from the demise of the real community
209
603160
2000
ื”ื—ืœ ืžื“ืขื™ื›ืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช
10:05
to the challenge of finding a good tomato, even in summer.
210
605160
4000
ื•ืขื“ ื”ืืชื’ืจ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืขื’ื‘ื ื™ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืงื™ืฅ.
10:09
Eventually, California produced too much food to ship fresh,
211
609160
4000
ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื” ื™ื™ืฆืจื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžื›ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉื ืข ื‘ืขื•ื“ื• ื˜ืจื™,
10:13
so it became critical to market canned and frozen foods.
212
613160
3000
ื•ืฉื™ื•ื•ืงื• ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืงืคื•ื ื•ืžืฉื•ืžืจ ื ืขืฉื” ืงืจื™ื˜ื™.
10:16
Thus arrived convenience.
213
616160
2000
ื›ืš ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื”ื ื•ื—ื•ืช.
10:18
It was sold to proto-feminist housewives
214
618160
2000
ื”ื™ื ืฉื•ื•ืงื” ืœืขืงืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื˜ืจื•ื-ืคืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช
10:20
as a way to cut down on housework.
215
620160
2000
ื›ื“ืจืš ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช.
10:22
Now, I know everybody over the age of, like 45 --
216
622160
3000
ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืขื‘ืจ ืืช ื’ื™ืœ, ื ื’ื™ื“, 45 --
10:25
their mouths are watering at this point.
217
625160
2000
ืžื–ื™ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืจื™ืจ.
10:27
(Laughter)
218
627160
1000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง) (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
10:28
(Applause)
219
628160
1000
10:29
If we had a slide of Salisbury steak, even more so, right?
220
629160
4000
ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ืฉืงื•ืคื™ืช ืฉืœ "ืกื˜ื™ื™ืง ืกืœื™ืกื‘ืจื™", ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
10:33
(Laughter)
221
633160
1000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
10:35
But this may have cut down on housework,
222
635160
2000
ื–ื” ืื•ืœื™ ืฆืžืฆื ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช,
10:37
but it cut down on the variety of food we ate as well.
223
637160
3000
ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื’ื ืฆืžืฆื ืืช ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืื›ืœื ื•.
10:40
Many of us grew up never eating a fresh vegetable
224
640160
4000
ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื’ื“ืœื• ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉืื™ ืคืขื ืื›ืœื• ื™ืจืง ื˜ืจื™
10:44
except the occasional raw carrot or maybe an odd lettuce salad.
225
644160
4000
ืžืœื‘ื“ ื’ื–ืจ ื˜ืจื™ ืื• ืกืœื˜ ื—ืกื” ืžื•ื–ืจ ืžื™ื“ื™ ืคืขื.
10:48
I, for one -- and I'm not kidding --
226
648160
2000
ืื ื™, ืœืžืฉืœ -- ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ืฆื•ื—ืง --
10:50
didn't eat real spinach or broccoli till I was 19.
227
650160
4000
ืœื ืื›ืœืชื™ ืชืจื“ ืื• ื‘ืจื•ืงื•ืœื™ ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ืขื“ ื’ื™ืœ 19.
10:54
Who needed it though? Meat was everywhere.
228
654160
2000
ืžื™ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ? ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืจ.
10:56
What could be easier, more filling or healthier for your family
229
656160
3000
ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืงืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžืฉื‘ื™ืข ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื• ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœืš
10:59
than broiling a steak?
230
659160
2000
ืžืืฉืจ ืœืฆืœื•ืช ืกื˜ื™ื™ืง?
11:01
But by then cattle were already raised unnaturally.
231
661160
4000
ืื‘ืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ืื– ื’ื™ื“ืœื• ื‘ืงืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืœื ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช.
11:05
Rather than spending their lives eating grass,
232
665160
2000
ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื‘ืœื•ืช ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืช ืขืฉื‘,
11:07
for which their stomachs were designed,
233
667160
3000
ืฉืื•ืชื• ื”ืงื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ื ื•ื™ื” ืœืขื›ืœ,
11:10
they were forced to eat soy and corn.
234
670160
2000
ื”ื ื”ื•ื›ืจื—ื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืกื•ื™ื” ื•ืชื™ืจืก.
11:12
They have trouble digesting those grains, of course,
235
672160
3000
ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื‘ืขื™ื” ืœืขื›ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ื’ื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ,
11:15
but that wasn't a problem for producers.
236
675160
3000
ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ื” ืœื™ืฆืจื ื™ื.
11:18
New drugs kept them healthy.
237
678160
3000
ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืžืจื• ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื.
11:21
Well, they kept them alive.
238
681160
2000
ื˜ื•ื‘, ื”ื ืฉืžืจื• ืื•ืชื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
11:23
Healthy was another story.
239
683160
2000
ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ.
11:25
Thanks to farm subsidies,
240
685160
2000
ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืกื•ื‘ืกื™ื“ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœื—ื•ื•ืช,
11:27
the fine collaboration between agribusiness and Congress,
241
687160
3000
ื•ืœืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ืžืขื•ื“ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืกืงื™ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ื”ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก,
11:30
soy, corn and cattle became king.
242
690160
2000
ืกื•ื™ื”, ืชื™ืจืก ื•ื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื›ื• ืžืœื›ื™ื.
11:32
And chicken soon joined them on the throne.
243
692160
3000
ื•ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืืœื™ื”ื ืขืœ ื›ืก ื”ืžืœื•ื›ื” ื”ืขื•ืคื•ืช.
11:35
It was during this period that the cycle of
244
695160
3000
ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื—ืœ ืžืขื’ืœ ื”ื”ืจืก ืฉืœ ื”ืชื–ื•ื ื” ื•ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืœื›ืช,
11:38
dietary and planetary destruction began,
245
698160
2000
11:40
the thing we're only realizing just now.
246
700160
2000
ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื•ืชื• ืื ื• ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
11:42
Listen to this,
247
702160
2000
ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœื–ื”,
11:44
between 1950 and 2000, the world's population doubled.
248
704160
5000
ื‘ื™ืŸ 1950 ืœ-2000, ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื›ืคืœื”.
11:49
Meat consumption increased five-fold.
249
709160
3000
ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ื’ื“ืœื” ืคื™ ื—ืžืฉ.
11:52
Now, someone had to eat all that stuff, so we got fast food.
250
712160
6000
ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื™ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื”, ืื– ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ.
ื•ื–ื” ื˜ื™ืคืœ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ืจื•ืขืžืช.
11:59
And this took care of the situation resoundingly.
251
719160
3000
12:02
Home cooking remained the norm, but its quality was down the tubes.
252
722160
4000
ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืชื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื ื•ืจืžื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืชื• ื”ืชื“ืจื“ืจื”,
12:06
There were fewer meals with home-cooked breads, desserts and soups,
253
726160
4000
ื”ืชืžืขื˜ื• ื”ืืจื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื’ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืœื—ื, ืงื™ื ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืžืจืงื™ื ื‘ื™ืชื™ื™ื,
12:10
because all of them could be bought at any store.
254
730160
2000
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืืช ื›ื•ืœื ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื ื•ืช.
12:12
Not that they were any good, but they were there.
255
732160
3000
ืœื ืฉื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืžืฉื”ื•, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื.
12:15
Most moms cooked like mine:
256
735160
2000
ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืืžื”ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืœื• ื›ืžื• ืืžื ืฉืœื™,
12:17
a piece of broiled meat, a quickly made salad with bottled dressing,
257
737160
4000
ืคื™ืกืช ื‘ืฉืจ ืฆืœื•ื™, ืกืœื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ ืขื ืจื•ื˜ื‘ ืžื•ื›ืŸ,
12:21
canned soup, canned fruit salad.
258
741160
2000
ืžืจืง ืžืฉื•ืžืจ, ืกืœื˜ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืžืจ.
12:23
Maybe baked or mashed potatoes,
259
743160
3000
ืื•ืœื™ ืชืคื•ื—-ืื“ืžื” ืืคื•ื™ ืื• ืคื™ืจื”
ืื• ืื•ืœื™ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ืžื˜ื•ืคืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื -- "ืื•ืจื– ื‘ื–ืง".
12:26
or perhaps the stupidest food ever, Minute Rice.
260
746160
3000
12:29
For dessert, store-bought ice cream or cookies.
261
749160
4000
ืœืงื™ื ื•ื—: ื’ืœื™ื“ื” ืื• ืขื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืงื ื•ื™ื™ื.
12:33
My mom is not here, so I can say this now.
262
753160
4000
ืืžื ืฉืœื™ ืœื ื›ืืŸ, ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ื–ื”.
12:37
This kind of cooking drove me to learn how to cook for myself.
263
757160
4000
ื”ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ื”ื–ื” ื“ื—ืฃ ืื•ืชื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืœื‘ืฉืœ ืœืขืฆืžื™.
12:41
(Laughter)
264
761160
1000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
12:42
It wasn't all bad.
265
762160
2000
ืœื ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืจืข.
12:44
By the '70s, forward-thinking people
266
764160
2000
ื›ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-70, ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžืขื•ืฃ
12:46
began to recognize the value of local ingredients.
267
766160
3000
ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืืช ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฆืจืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช.
12:49
We tended gardens, we became interested in organic food,
268
769160
3000
ื˜ื™ืคื—ื ื• ื’ื™ื ื•ืช, ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืื•ืจื’ื ื™,
12:52
we knew or we were vegetarians.
269
772160
2000
ื”ื›ืจื ื• ืฆืžื—ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ืืœื”,
12:54
We weren't all hippies, either.
270
774160
2000
ื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ืคื™ื.
12:56
Some of us were eating in good restaurants and learning how to cook well.
271
776160
3000
ื—ืœืงื ื• ืื›ืœื• ื‘ืžืกืขื“ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœืžื“ื• ืœื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘.
12:59
Meanwhile, food production had become industrial. Industrial.
272
779160
5000
ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื, ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืคืš ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™. ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™.
13:04
Perhaps because it was being produced rationally,
273
784160
3000
ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืจืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ืช
13:07
as if it were plastic,
274
787160
2000
ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง,
13:09
food gained magical or poisonous powers, or both.
275
789160
4000
ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืงืกื•ื, ืจืขื™ืœ, ืื• ืฉื ื™ื”ื.
13:13
Many people became fat-phobic.
276
793160
2000
ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื˜ืคื• ืคื•ื‘ื™ื™ืช-ืฉื•ืžืŸ.
13:15
Others worshiped broccoli, as if it were God-like.
277
795160
4000
ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ืขืจื™ืฆื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื•ืงื•ืœื™ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืืœ.
13:19
But mostly they didn't eat broccoli.
278
799160
2000
ืื‘ืœ ืจื•ื‘ื ืœื ืื›ืœื• ื‘ืจื•ืงื•ืœื™.
13:21
Instead they were sold on yogurt,
279
801160
2000
ื”ื ื”ืชืžื›ืจื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ื” ืœื™ื•ื’ื•ืจื˜,
ื›ืฉื™ื•ื’ื•ืจื˜ ื ื—ืฉื‘ "ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืžื•" ื‘ืจื•ืงืœื™.
13:23
yogurt being almost as good as broccoli.
280
803160
2000
13:25
Except, in reality, the way the industry sold yogurt
281
805160
3000
ืืœื ืฉื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืžื›ืจื” ื™ื•ื’ื•ืจื˜
13:28
was to convert it to something much more akin to ice cream.
282
808160
3000
ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื“ื•ืžื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื’ืœื™ื“ื”.
13:31
Similarly, let's look at a granola bar.
283
811160
3000
ื›ืš ื’ื ื—ื˜ื™ืฃ ื”ื’ืจื ื•ืœื”.
13:34
You think that that might be healthy food,
284
814160
2000
ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืกืชื ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช,
13:36
but in fact, if you look at the ingredient list,
285
816160
2000
ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื ืชืกืชื›ืœื• ืขืœ ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื,
13:38
it's closer in form to a Snickers than it is to oatmeal.
286
818160
4000
ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืžื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื—ื˜ื™ืฃ ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“ ื•ืื’ื•ื–ื™ื ืžืืฉืจ ืœืฉื™ื‘ื•ืœืช ืฉื•ืขืœ.
13:43
Sadly, it was at this time that the family dinner was put in a coma,
287
823160
3000
ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ, ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื•ื›ื ืกื” ื”ืืจื•ื—ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช ืœืชืจื“ืžืช,
13:46
if not actually killed --
288
826160
2000
ืื ืœื ื ืจืฆื—ื” ืžืžืฉ.
13:49
the beginning of the heyday of value-added food,
289
829160
3000
ื”ืชืงืจื‘ื ื• ืืœ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืขื ืชื•ืกืคื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ,
13:52
which contained as many soy and corn products
290
832160
2000
ืฉืžื›ื™ืœ ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืกื•ื™ื” ื•ืชื™ืจืก
13:54
as could be crammed into it.
291
834160
2000
ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ื—ื•ืก ืœืชื•ื›ื•.
13:56
Think of the frozen chicken nugget.
292
836160
2000
ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ืฆืœื•ื ื™ื ืงืคื•ืื™ื.
13:58
The chicken is fed corn, and then its meat is ground up,
293
838160
3000
ื”ืขื•ืคื•ืช ืžื•ื–ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื™ืจืก, ื•ืื– ื˜ื•ื—ื ื™ื ืืช ื‘ืฉืจื
14:01
and mixed with more corn products to add bulk and binder,
294
841160
4000
ื•ืžืขืจื‘ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืขื ืขื•ื“ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืชื™ืจืก ืœืขื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืกืžื›ื”,
14:05
and then it's fried in corn oil.
295
845160
3000
ื•ืื– ืžื˜ื’ื ื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืฉืžืŸ ืชื™ืจืก.
14:09
All you do is nuke it. What could be better?
296
849160
2000
ื•ืœื›ื ื ื•ืชืจ ืจืง ืœื‘ืœื•ืก ืืช ื–ื”. ืžื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื–ื”?
14:12
And zapped horribly, pathetically.
297
852160
2000
ื•ืœื—ืกืœ ืื•ืชื• ืœื’ืžืจื™, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจ ื—ืžืœื”:
14:15
By the '70s, home cooking was in such a sad state
298
855160
4000
ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-70, ืžืฆื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื™ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ื™ ืจืข
14:19
that the high fat and spice contents of foods
299
859160
3000
ืขื“ ืฉื”ืจื›ื‘ื ืขืชื™ืจ ื”ืฉืžืŸ ื•ื”ืชื‘ืœื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื›ืžื• "ืžืง-ื ื’ื˜ืก" ื•"ื”ื•ื˜-ืคื•ืงื˜ืก" --
14:22
like McNuggets and Hot Pockets --
300
862160
2000
14:24
and we all have our favorites, actually --
301
864160
3000
ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ืฃ ืฉืœื• --
14:27
made this stuff more appealing than the bland things
302
867160
2000
ื”ืคืš ืื•ืชื ื ื—ืฉืงื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืชืคืœื™ื
14:29
that people were serving at home.
303
869160
2000
ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื ื”ื’ื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
14:31
At the same time, masses of women were entering the workforce,
304
871160
4000
ื‘ื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ, ื”ืžื•ื ื™ ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืœืฉื•ืง ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
14:35
and cooking simply wasn't important enough
305
875160
2000
ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ื—ืฉื•ื‘
14:37
for men to share the burden.
306
877160
2000
ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืขื–ืจื• ืœืฉืืช ื‘ื ื˜ืœ.
14:39
So now, you've got your pizza nights, you've got your microwave nights,
307
879160
3000
ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ืฉ ืขืจื‘ื™ ืคื™ืฆื”, ื™ืฉ ืขืจื‘ื™ ืžื™ืงืจื•,
14:42
you've got your grazing nights,
308
882160
2000
ื™ืฉ ืขืจื‘ื™ ื”ืขืœืืช ื’ื™ืจื”,
14:44
you've got your fend-for-yourself nights and so on.
309
884160
2000
ื™ืฉ ืขืจื‘ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืขืฆืžื™ ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื”.
14:47
Leading the way -- what's leading the way?
310
887160
3000
ืฆื•ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ืจืืฉ -- ืžื™ ื”ืฆื•ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ืจืืฉ?
ื‘ืฉืจ, ืื•ื›ืœ ื–ื‘ืœ, ื’ื‘ื™ื ื”.
14:50
Meat, junk food, cheese:
311
890160
2000
14:52
the very stuff that will kill you.
312
892160
2000
ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื™ื”ืจื’ื• ืื•ืชืš.
14:54
So, now we clamor for organic food.
313
894160
2000
ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืžื–ื•ืŸ ืื•ืจื’ื ื™.
14:56
That's good.
314
896160
2000
ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘.
ื•ื›ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื›ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช,
14:58
And as evidence that things can actually change,
315
898160
2000
15:00
you can now find organic food in supermarkets,
316
900160
2000
ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ ื‘ืžืจื›ื•ืœื™ื,
15:02
and even in fast-food outlets.
317
902160
2000
ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื•ื›ืœ ืžื”ื™ืจ.
15:04
But organic food isn't the answer either,
318
904160
2000
ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ ืื™ื ื ื• ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”,
15:06
at least not the way it's currently defined.
319
906160
3000
ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
15:09
Let me pose you a question.
320
909160
2000
ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืฉืืœื”.
15:11
Can farm-raised salmon be organic,
321
911160
2000
ื”ืื ืืœืชื™ืช ืฉื’ื•ื“ืœื” ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื›ืช ื“ื’ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ืช,
15:13
when its feed has nothing to do with its natural diet,
322
913160
5000
ื›ืฉืœืžื–ื•ื ื” ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืงืฉืจ ืœืชื–ื•ื ื” ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืฉืœื”,
15:18
even if the feed itself is supposedly organic, and the fish themselves
323
918160
4000
ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืžื–ื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืื•ืจื’ื ื™,
ื•ื”ื“ื’ื™ื ืขืฆืžื ื“ื—ื•ืกื™ื ื‘ื›ืœื•ื‘ื™ื, ืฉื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ื”ืคืจืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื?
15:22
are packed tightly in pens, swimming in their own filth?
324
922160
5000
15:27
And if that salmon's from Chile, and it's killed down there
325
927160
4000
ื•ืื ื”ืืœืชื™ืช ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžืฆ'ื™ืœื” ื•ืฉื ื”ืจื’ื• ืื•ืชื”,
15:31
and then flown 5,000 miles, whatever,
326
931160
3000
ื•ืื– ื”ื˜ื™ืกื• ืื•ืชื” ืœืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ ืื™ื–ื” 8,000 ืง"ืž,
15:34
dumping how much carbon into the atmosphere?
327
934160
3000
ืžืžืœืื™ื ืืช ื”ืื˜ืžื•ืกืคื™ืจื” ื‘ื›ืžื” ืคื—ืžืŸ?
15:37
I don't know.
328
937160
2000
ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข.
15:39
Packed in Styrofoam, of course,
329
939160
2000
ืืจื•ื–ื” ื‘ืงืœ-ืงืจ, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ,
15:41
before landing somewhere in the United States,
330
941160
3000
ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื•ื—ืชืช ืื™ืคื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช
15:44
and then being trucked a few hundred more miles.
331
944160
2000
ื•ืื– ืžืฉื•ื ืขืช ื‘ืžืฉืื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ืžืื•ืช ืง"ืž.
15:46
This may be organic in letter, but it's surely not organic in spirit.
332
946160
5000
ื–ื” ืื•ืœื™ ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ื™ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื˜ื— ืœื ื‘ืžื”ื•ืช.
15:52
Now here is where we all meet.
333
952160
2000
ื”ื ื” ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ืคื’ืฉื™ื.
15:54
The locavores, the organivores, the vegetarians,
334
954160
3000
ื”"ืœื•ืงืื‘ื•ืจื™ื", ื”ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ื™ื, ื”ืฆืžื—ื•ื ื™ื,
15:57
the vegans, the gourmets
335
957160
2000
ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื•ื ื™ื, ืื•ื›ืœื™ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื”,
15:59
and those of us who are just plain interested in good food.
336
959160
4000
ื•ืืœื” ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืฉืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืื•ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘.
16:03
Even though we've come to this from different points,
337
963160
3000
ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœื–ื” ืžื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช,
16:06
we all have to act on our knowledge
338
966160
2000
ืขืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื•
16:08
to change the way that everyone thinks about food.
339
968160
4000
ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
16:12
We need to start acting.
340
972160
2000
ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืคืขื•ืœ.
16:14
And this is not only an issue of social justice, as Ann Cooper said --
341
974160
4000
ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืฆื™ื™ื ื” ืืŸ ืงื•ืคืจ --
16:18
and, of course, she's completely right --
342
978160
2000
ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ื“ืงืช ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ --
16:20
but it's also one of global survival.
343
980160
2000
ืืœื ื’ื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืช ื›ืœืœ ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช.
16:22
Which bring me full circle and points directly to the core issue,
344
982160
5000
ืžื” ืฉืกื•ื’ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืขื’ืœ ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ื”ื™ื™ืฉืจ ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช,
16:27
the overproduction and overconsumption of meat and junk food.
345
987160
4000
ืขื•ื“ืฃ ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื•ืขื•ื“ืฃ ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ืื•ื›ืœ ื–ื‘ืœ.
16:31
As I said, 18 percent of greenhouse gases
346
991160
3000
ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™, 18% ืžื’ื–ื™ ื”ื—ืžืžื”
16:34
are attributed to livestock production.
347
994160
3000
ืžืงื•ืจื ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืฉืง-ื”ื—ื™.
16:37
How much livestock do you need to produce this?
348
997160
3000
ื›ืžื” ืžืฉืง-ื—ื™ ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืืช ื–ื”?
16:40
70 percent of the agricultural land on Earth,
349
1000160
3000
70% ืžื”ืงืจืงืข ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
16:43
30 percent of the Earth's land surface is directly or indirectly devoted
350
1003160
6000
30% ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื— ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืชื™ ืฉืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ
ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื™ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืขืงื™ืคื™ืŸ
16:49
to raising the animals we'll eat.
351
1009160
3000
ืœื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืื›ืœ.
16:52
And this amount is predicted to double in the next 40 years or so.
352
1012160
3000
ื•ื”ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื›ืคื™ืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›-40 ืฉื ื”.
16:55
And if the numbers coming in from China
353
1015160
2000
ื•ืื ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืžืกื™ืŸ ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื™ื,
16:57
are anything like what they look like now,
354
1017160
3000
17:00
it's not going to be 40 years.
355
1020160
2000
ืืœื” ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• 40 ืฉื ื”.
17:02
There is no good reason for eating as much meat as we do.
356
1022160
4000
ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืกื™ื‘ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืฉืจ.
17:06
And I say this as a man who has eaten a fair share of corned beef in his life.
357
1026160
5000
ื•ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื–ืืช ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืื“ื ืฉืื›ืœ ืื™-ืื™ืœื• ืกื˜ื™ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื•.
17:11
The most common argument is that we need nutrients --
358
1031160
3000
ื”ื˜ื™ืขื•ืŸ ื”ื ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืžื–ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ืžื–ื•ืŸ --
17:14
even though we eat, on average, twice as much protein
359
1034160
3000
ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื• ืื•ื›ืœื™ื, ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข, ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื
17:17
as even the industry-obsessed USDA recommends.
360
1037160
5000
ืžื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™, ืฉื ื•ืจื ืื›ืคืช ืœื• ืžื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”, ืžืžืœื™ืฅ.
17:22
But listen: experts who are serious about disease reduction
361
1042160
4000
ืื‘ืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื•: ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืฉืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ืžื—ืœื•ืช
17:26
recommend that adults eat just over half a pound of meat per week.
362
1046160
6000
ืžืžืœื™ืฆื™ื ืฉืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœื• ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›-250 ื’ืจื ื‘ืฉืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข.
17:32
What do you think we eat per day? Half a pound.
363
1052160
4000
ื›ืžื” ืœื“ืขืชื›ื ืื ื• ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื? ื›-250 ื’ืจื.
17:36
But don't we need meat to be big and strong?
364
1056160
3000
ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื ืื™ื ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ืฉืจ ืขืœ-ืžื ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื—ื–ืงื™ื?
17:39
Isn't meat eating essential to health?
365
1059160
3000
ื”ืื™ืŸ ืื›ื™ืœืช ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ืช ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช?
17:42
Won't a diet heavy in fruit and vegetables
366
1062160
2000
ื”ืื ื“ื™ืื˜ื” ืขืฉื™ืจื” ืžื“ื™ ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื™ืจืงื•ืช
17:44
turn us into godless, sissy, liberals?
367
1064160
3000
ืœื ืชื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื ืจื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื?
17:47
(Laughter)
368
1067160
1000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
17:48
Some of us might think that would be a good thing.
369
1068160
3000
ื—ืœืง ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘.
17:51
But, no, even if we were all steroid-filled football players,
370
1071160
5000
ืื‘ืœ, ืœื.
ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื—ืงื ื™ ืคื•ื˜ื‘ื•ืœ ื’ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืกื˜ืจื•ืื™ื“ื™ื,
17:56
the answer is no.
371
1076160
2000
ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื.
17:58
In fact, there's no diet on Earth that meets
372
1078160
4000
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืืฃ ืชื–ื•ื ื”
ืฉืขื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืชื–ื•ื ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžืขื•ื“ื“ืช ื’ื“ื™ืœื”,
18:02
basic nutritional needs that won't promote growth,
373
1082160
4000
18:06
and many will make you much healthier than ours does.
374
1086160
3000
ื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื”ืŸ ื™ืชืจืžื• ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื›ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื”ืชื–ื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ื•.
18:09
We don't eat animal products for sufficient nutrition,
375
1089160
3000
ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชื–ื•ื ื” ืžืกืคืงืช,
18:12
we eat them to have an odd form of malnutrition, and it's killing us.
376
1092160
6000
ืื ื• ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื ืขืœ-ืžื ืช ืœืœืงื•ืช ื‘ืกื•ื’ ืžื•ื–ืจ ืฉืœ ืชืช-ืชื–ื•ื ื”, ื•ื–ื” ื”ื•ืจื’ ืื•ืชื ื•.
18:18
To suggest that in the interests of personal and human health
377
1098160
3000
ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืฉืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื•ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช
18:21
Americans eat 50 percent less meat --
378
1101160
3000
ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ื ื™ืื›ืœื• 50% ืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืจ --
18:24
it's not enough of a cut, but it's a start.
379
1104160
3000
ื–ื• ื”ืคื—ืชื” ืœื ืžืกืคืงืช, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ื”ืชื—ืœื” --
18:27
It would seem absurd, but that's exactly what should happen,
380
1107160
5000
ื–ื” ืื•ืœื™ ื ืจืื” ืžื’ื•ื—ืš, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงืจื•ืช,
18:32
and what progressive people, forward-thinking people
381
1112160
3000
ื•ืžื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืงื“ื™ืžื”,
18:35
should be doing and advocating,
382
1115160
3000
ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื•ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืื—ืจื™ื,
18:38
along with the corresponding increase in the consumption of plants.
383
1118160
3000
ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœืขืœื™ื” ืžืชืื™ืžื” ื‘ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ืฆืžื—ื™ื.
18:42
I've been writing about food more or less omnivorously --
384
1122160
3000
ืื ื™ ื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ืคื—ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ --
18:45
one might say indiscriminately -- for about 30 years.
385
1125160
3000
ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ ืฉื™ื’ื™ื“ ืœืœื ืืคืœื™ื” -- ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›-30 ืฉื ื”.
18:48
During that time, I've eaten
386
1128160
2000
ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื–ืืช ืื›ืœืชื™ ื•ื”ืžืœืฆืชื™ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ.
18:50
and recommended eating just about everything.
387
1130160
3000
18:54
I'll never stop eating animals, I'm sure,
388
1134160
2000
ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืืคืกื™ืง ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื—ื™ื™ื, ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื—,
18:57
but I do think that for the benefit of everyone,
389
1137160
2000
ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื›ื•ืœื ื•,
18:59
the time has come to stop raising them industrially
390
1139160
3000
ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœื’ื“ืœ ืื•ืชื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™
19:02
and stop eating them thoughtlessly.
391
1142160
2000
ื•ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืื•ืชื ืœืœื ืžื—ืฉื‘ื”.
19:04
Ann Cooper's right.
392
1144160
2000
ืืŸ ืงื•ืคืจ ืฆื•ื“ืงืช.
19:06
The USDA is not our ally here.
393
1146160
5000
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืชื ื• ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”.
19:11
We have to take matters into our own hands,
394
1151160
2000
ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ื ื• ืฉืœื ื•,
19:13
not only by advocating for a better diet for everyone --
395
1153160
3000
ืœื ืจืง ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื ืคืฉื•ืช ืœื“ื™ืื˜ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื --
19:16
and that's the hard part -- but by improving our own.
396
1156160
4000
ื•ื–ื” ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืงืฉื” -- ืืœื ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื–ื• ืฉืœื ื•.
19:20
And that happens to be quite easy.
397
1160160
2000
ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ื“ื™ ืงืœ.
19:22
Less meat, less junk, more plants.
398
1162160
3000
ืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืจื™ื, ืคื—ื•ืช ื–ื‘ืœ, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฆืžื—ื™ื.
19:25
It's a simple formula: eat food.
399
1165160
2000
ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื ื•ืกื—ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” -- ืื™ื›ืœื• ืื•ื›ืœ.
19:27
Eat real food.
400
1167160
2000
ืื™ื›ืœื• ืื•ื›ืœ ืืžื™ืชื™.
19:29
We can continue to enjoy our food, and we continue to eat well,
401
1169160
4000
ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ื ื•ืช ืžืžื–ื•ื ื ื•, ื•ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘,
19:33
and we can eat even better.
402
1173160
2000
ื•ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
19:35
We can continue the search for the ingredients we love,
403
1175160
3000
ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื—ืคืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื,
19:38
and we can continue to spin yarns about our favorite meals.
404
1178160
5000
ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื˜ื•ื•ืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื ื•.
19:43
We'll reduce not only calories, but our carbon footprint.
405
1183160
4000
ื ืคื—ื™ืช ืœื ืจืง ืืช ื”ืงืœื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ืืœื ื’ื ืืช ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืจื’ืœ ื”ืคื—ืžื ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
19:47
We can make food more important, not less,
406
1187160
3000
ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืช ืœืžื–ื•ืŸ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืœื ืคื—ื•ืชื”,
19:50
and save ourselves by doing so.
407
1190160
2000
ื•ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ื‘ื›ืš ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื•.
19:52
We have to choose that path.
408
1192160
3000
ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื–ืืช.
19:55
Thank you.
409
1195160
2000
ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7