JP Rangaswami: Information is food

69,703 views ใƒป 2012-05-08

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Translator: Timothy Covell Reviewer: Morton Bast
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ืžืชืจื’ื: Ido Dekkers ืžื‘ืงืจ: Nir Bibi
00:15
I love my food.
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ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืื•ื›ืœ.
00:17
And I love information.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืžื™ื“ืข.
00:20
My children usually tell me
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ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ
00:23
that one of those passions is a little more apparent than the other.
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ืฉืื—ืช ื”ืื”ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื ืจืื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขื™ืŸ ืžื”ืฉื ื™ื”.
00:27
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:29
But what I want to do in the next eight minutes or so
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื”ื“ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ืขืจืš
00:31
is to take you through how those passions developed,
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ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ืื™ืš ื”ืื”ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•,
00:33
the point in my life when the two passions merged,
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ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื‘ื” ืฉืชื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื”ืชืœื›ื“ื•,
00:37
the journey of learning that took place from that point.
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ื”ืžืกืข ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืžื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื”ื™ื.
00:42
And one idea I want to leave you with today
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ื•ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืชื›ื ื”ื™ื•ื
00:44
is what would would happen differently in your life
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ื”ื•ื ืžื” ื™ืงืจื” ืื—ืจืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื›ื
00:47
if you saw information the way you saw food?
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ืื ืชืชื™ื™ื—ืกื• ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœืื•ื›ืœ?
00:52
I was born in Calcutta --
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ืื ื™ ื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ื‘ืงื•ืœืงื˜ื” --
00:54
a family where my father and his father before him
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ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ื” ืื‘ื™ ื•ืื‘ื™ื• ืœืคื ื™ื•
00:58
were journalists,
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ื”ื™ื• ืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™ื,
00:59
and they wrote magazines in the English language.
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ื•ื”ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืžื’ื–ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช.
01:02
That was the family business.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขืกืง ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™.
01:05
And as a result of that,
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ื•ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื–ื”,
01:06
I grew up with books everywhere around the house.
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ื’ื“ืœืชื™ ืขื ืกืคืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
01:09
And I mean books everywhere around the house.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืกืคืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
01:13
And that's actually a shop in Calcutta,
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ื•ื–ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ื—ื ื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ืœืงื˜ื”,
01:15
but it's a place where we like our books.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
01:19
In fact, I've got 38,000 of them now
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื™ 38,000 ืžื”ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•
01:22
and no Kindle in sight.
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ื•ืœื ืชืžืฆืื• ืืฆืœื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืœ.
01:25
But growing up as a child with the books around everywhere,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉื’ื“ืœืชื™ ื›ื™ืœื“ ืขื ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื,
01:30
with people to talk to about those books,
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ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
01:32
this wasn't a sort of slightly learned thing.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื ืœืžื“ ื‘ืจืคืจื•ืฃ.
01:36
By the time I was 18, I had a deep passion for books.
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ื›ืฉื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœื’ื™ืœ 18, ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืื”ื‘ื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ืœืกืคืจื™ื.
01:39
It wasn't the only passion I had.
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ื–ื• ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœื™.
01:42
I was a South Indian
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื“ืจื•ื ื”ื•ื“ื•
01:44
brought up in Bengal.
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ื•ื’ื•ื“ืœืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื ื’ืœ.
01:46
And two of the things about Bengal:
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ื•ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ื ื’ืœ:
01:48
they like their savory dishes
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ื”ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื”ืžืœื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื
01:51
and they like their sweets.
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ื•ื”ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืžืชืงื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
01:53
So by the time I grew up,
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ืื– ืขื“ ืฉื’ื“ืœืชื™,
01:54
again, I had a well-established passion for food.
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ืฉื•ื‘, ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืื”ื‘ื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืœืื•ื›ืœ.
01:58
Now I was growing up in the late '60s and early '70s,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื’ื“ืœืชื™ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-60 ื•ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”-70,
02:01
and there were a number of other passions I was also interested in,
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ื•ื”ื™ื• ืžืกืคืจ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ื ืชื™ ื’ื ื‘ื”ื,
02:05
but these two were the ones that differentiated me.
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ืื‘ืœ ืฉื ื™ ืืœื” ื‘ื™ื“ืœื• ืื•ืชื™.
02:08
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:09
And then life was fine, dandy.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื ืคืœืื™ื.
02:12
Everything was okay,
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ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื•ื‘,
02:14
until I got to about the age of 26,
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ืขื“ ืฉื”ื’ืขืชื™ ื‘ืขืจืš ืœื’ื™ืœ 26,
02:18
and I went to a movie called "Short Circuit."
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ื•ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืกืจื˜ ื‘ืฉื "ืชืงืœื” ืžื•ืคืœืื”."
02:21
Oh, some of you have seen it.
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ืื•ื”, ื—ืœืงื›ื ืจืื” ืื•ืชื•.
02:23
And apparently it's being remade right now
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ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉืžื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื•
02:27
and it's going to be coming out next year.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืฆืืช ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ื‘ืื”.
02:29
It's the story of this experimental robot
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ื–ื” ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืจื•ื‘ื•ื˜ ื ืกื™ื•ื ื™
02:32
which got electrocuted and found a life.
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ืฉื”ืชื—ืฉืžืœ ื•ืžืฆื ื—ื™ื™ื.
02:35
And as it ran, this thing was saying, "Give me input. Give me input."
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืฅ, ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, "ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืงืœื˜, ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืงืœื˜."
02:39
And I suddenly realized that for a robot
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ื•ืคืชืื•ื ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืจื•ื‘ื•ื˜
02:42
both information as well as food
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ื’ื ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ื’ื ืื•ื›ืœ
02:45
were the same thing.
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ื”ื™ื• ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ.
02:47
Energy came to it in some form or shape,
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ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื• ื‘ืื™ื–ืฉื”ื• ืื•ืคืŸ ืื• ืฆื•ืจื”,
02:50
data came to it in some form or shape.
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ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื• ื‘ืื™ื–ืฉื”ื• ืื•ืคืŸ ืื• ืฆื•ืจื”.
02:52
And I began to think,
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ื•ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘,
02:55
I wonder what it would be like
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ืื ื™ ืชื•ื”ื” ืื™ืš ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื”
02:56
to start imagining myself
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ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™
02:59
as if energy and information were the two things I had as input --
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ื›ืื™ืœื• ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื•ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื ืฉื ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ื›ืงืœื˜ --
03:03
as if food and information were similar in some form or shape.
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ื›ืื™ืœื• ืื•ื›ืœ ื•ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื™ื• ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช.
03:07
I started doing some research then, and this was the 25-year journey,
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ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืงืฆืช ืžื—ืงืจ ืื–, ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืข ืฉืœ 25 ืฉื ื”,
03:11
and started finding out
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ื•ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ
03:12
that actually human beings as primates
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ืฉืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ื›ืงื•ืคื™ ืื“ื
03:16
have far smaller stomachs
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ื™ืฉ ืงื™ื‘ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื”
03:18
than should be the size for our body weight
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ืžืืฉืจ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืœืžืฉืงืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื ื•
03:22
and far larger brains.
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ื•ืžื•ื—ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื”.
03:25
And as I went to research that even further,
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขื•ืžืง,
03:28
I got to a point where I discovered something
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ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœื ืงื•ื“ื” ื‘ื” ื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืžืฉื”ื•
03:31
called the expensive tissue hypothesis.
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ืฉื ืงืจื ื”ื™ืคื•ืชื–ืช ื”ืจืงืžื” ื”ื™ืงืจื”.
03:35
That actually for a given body mass of a primate
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ืฉืœืžืขืฉื” ืœืžืกืช ื’ื•ืฃ ื ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืงื•ืฃ ืื“ื
03:39
the metabolic rate was static.
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ืงืฆื‘ ื—ื™ืœื•ืฃ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืกื˜ื˜ื™.
03:42
What changed was the balance of the tissues available.
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ืžื” ืฉื”ืฉืชื ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืงืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช.
03:45
And two of the most expensive tissues in our human body
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ื•ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืžื”ืจืงืžื•ืช ื”ื™ืงืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™
03:49
are nervous tissue and digestive tissue.
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ื”ืŸ ืจืงืžื•ืช ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื•ืจืงืžื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ.
03:53
And what transpired was that people had put forward a hypothesis
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ื•ืžื” ืฉื™ืฆื ื–ื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืงื™ื“ืžื• ื”ื™ืคื•ืชื–ื”
03:57
that was apparently coming up with some fabulous results by about 1995.
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ืฉืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื ืคืœืื•ืช ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘-1995.
04:01
It's a lady named Leslie Aiello.
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ื–ื• ืื™ืฉื” ื•ืฉืžื” ืœื–ืœื™ ืื™ื™ืœื•.
04:04
And the paper then suggested that you traded one for the other.
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ื•ื”ืžืืžืจ ืžืจืื” ืฉืืชื ืžื—ืœื™ืคื™ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ืื—ืจ.
04:09
If you wanted your brain for a particular body mass to be large,
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ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื ืœืžืกืช ื’ื•ืฃ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ,
04:13
you had to live with a smaller gut.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืžืขื™ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:16
That then set me off completely
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ืื– ื–ื” ื’ืจื ืœื™ ืœื’ืžืจื™
04:19
to say, Okay, these two are connected.
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ืœื”ื’ื™ื“, ืื•ืงื™ื™, ืฉื ื™ ืืœื” ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื.
04:22
So I looked at the cultivation of information as if it were food
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ืื– ื”ืกืชื›ืœืชื™ ืขืœ ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืื•ื›ืœ
04:26
and said, So we were hunter-gathers of information.
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ื•ืืžืจืชื™, ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆื™ื™ื“ื™ื-ืžืœืงื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ื“ืข.
04:29
We moved from that to becoming farmers and cultivators of information.
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ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืžื–ื” ืœืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ื•ืื™ื ื•ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ื“ืข.
04:33
Does that really explain what we're seeing
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื
04:35
with the intellectual property battles nowadays?
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ืขื ืžืื‘ืงื™ ื”ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื?
04:37
Because those people who were hunter-gatherers in origin
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฆื™ื™ื“ื™ื-ืžืœืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ
04:41
wanted to be free and roam and pick up information as they wanted,
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ืจืฆื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ื•ืœืืกื•ืฃ ืžื™ื“ืข ื›ืคื™ ืฉืจืฆื•,
04:44
and those that were in the business of farming information
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ื•ืืœื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขืกืงื™ ื—ื•ื•ืื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข
04:47
wanted to build fences around it,
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ืจืฆื• ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•,
04:49
create ownership and wealth and structure and settlement.
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ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื•ืขื•ืฉืจ ื•ืžื‘ื ื” ื•ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช.
04:53
So there was always going to be a tension within that.
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ืื– ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื— ืคื”.
04:56
And everything I saw in the cultivation
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ื•ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“
04:58
said there were huge fights amongst the foodies
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ื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืืœื• ืงืจื‘ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื™ื
05:01
between the cultivators and the hunter-gatherers.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ื•ื”ืฆื™ื™ื“ื™ื-ืžืœืงื˜ื™ื.
05:03
And this is happening here.
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ื•ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื” ืคื”.
05:05
When I moved to preparation, this same thing was true,
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ื›ืฉืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืœื”ื›ื ื•ืช, ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ,
05:08
expect that there were two schools.
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ืืœื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉืชื™ ืืกื›ื•ืœื•ืช.
05:10
One group of people said you can distill your information,
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ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืช ืืžืจื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื–ืงืง ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข,
05:13
you can extract value, separate it and serve it up,
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืฆื•ืช ืขืจืš, ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ืื•ืชื• ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืื•ืชื•,
05:17
while another group turned around
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืื—ืจืช ื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื”
05:19
and said no, no you can ferment it.
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ื•ืืžืจื” ืœื, ืœื, ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืกื™ืก ืื•ืชื•.
05:20
You bring it all together and mash it up
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ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืœ ื•ืžื•ืขื›ื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื™ื—ื“
05:23
and the value emerges that way.
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ื•ื”ืขืจืš ื™ื•ืฆื ื›ื›ื”.
05:25
The same is again true with information.
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ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื•ื‘ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืžื™ื“ืข.
05:28
But consumption was where it started getting really enjoyable.
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ืื‘ืœ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืช ืžื”ื ื”.
05:31
Because what I began to see then
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืžื” ืฉื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื–
05:34
was there were so many different ways people would consume this.
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ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฆืจื›ื• ืืช ื–ื”.
05:37
They'd buy it from the shop as raw ingredients.
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ื”ื ื™ืงื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ืžื”ื—ื ื•ืช ื›ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื ืžื‘ื•ืฉืœื™ื.
05:40
Do you cook it? Do you have it served to you?
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ื”ืื ืžื‘ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื–ื”? ื”ืื ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืืช ื–ื”?
05:42
Do you go to a restaurant?
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ื”ืื ืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืžืกืขื“ื”?
05:44
The same is true every time as I started thinking about information.
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ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืื ื™ ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ืข.
05:47
The analogies were getting crazy --
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ื”ืื ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืžืฉื•ื’ืขื•ืช --
05:50
that information had sell-by dates,
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ืฉืžื™ื“ืข ื ืžื›ืจ ืœืคื™ ืชืืจื™ื›ื™ื,
05:53
that people had misused information that wasn't dated properly
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ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืชื•ืืจืš ื ื›ื•ืŸ
05:57
and could really make an effect on the stock market,
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ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ืฉื•ืง ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช,
05:59
on corporate values, etc.
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ืขืœ ืขืจื›ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ื•ื›ื•'.
06:01
And by this time I was hooked.
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ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื›ื•ืจ.
06:04
And this is about 23 years into this process.
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ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืขืจืš 23 ืฉื ื™ื ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš.
06:07
And I began to start thinking of myself
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ื•ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื™,
06:09
as we start having mash-ups of fact and fiction,
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ื›ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื• ืžืืฉ-ืืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื•ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ,
06:12
docu-dramas, mockumentaries, whatever you call it.
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ื“ื•ืงื•-ื“ืจืžื•ืช, ืกืจื˜ื™ื ืžื•ืงื•ืžื ื˜ืจื™ื™ื, ืžื” ืฉืชืจืฆื• ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื–ื”,
06:16
Are we going to reach the stage
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ื”ืื ื ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉืœื‘
06:17
where information has a percentage for fact associated with it?
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ื‘ื• ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื™ืฉ ืื—ื•ื– ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืฉืžืฉื•ื™ื™ืš ืืœื™ื•?
06:22
We start labeling information for the fact percentage?
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ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืกืžืŸ ืžื™ื“ืข ืœืคื™ ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื•?
06:25
Are we going to start looking at what happens
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ื”ืื ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื”
06:28
when your information source is turned off, as a famine?
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ื›ืฉืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื›ื ื›ื‘ื•ื™, ื›ืจืขื‘?
06:32
Which brings me to the final element of this.
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ืžื” ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ืœื—ืœืง ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ.
06:34
Clay Shirky once stated that there is no such animal as information overload,
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ืงืœื™ื™ ืฉื™ืจืงื™ ืคืขื ืืžืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื” ื›ื–ืืช ืขื•ืžืก ื™ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื“ืข,
06:37
there is only filter failure.
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ื™ืฉ ืจืง ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืžืกื ื ื™ื.
06:40
I put it to you that information,
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ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื ืฉืžื™ื“ืข,
06:43
if viewed from the point of food,
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ืื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœ,
06:45
is never a production issue; you never speak of food overload.
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ื”ื•ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ; ืืชื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืขื•ืžืก ื™ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœ.
06:49
Fundamentally it's a consumption issue.
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ื–ื• ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœ ืฆืจื™ื›ื”.
06:52
And we have to start thinking
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘
06:54
about how we create diets within ourselves, exercise within ourselves,
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ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื“ื™ืื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื•, ืœื”ืชืืžืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืขืฆืžื ื•,
06:59
to have the faculties to be able to deal with information,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืžื™ื“ืข,
07:01
to have the labeling to be able to do it responsibly.
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ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื—ืจืื™.
07:05
In fact, when I saw "Supersize Me," I starting thinking of saying,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื›ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช "ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ" ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ,
07:09
What would happen
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ืžื” ื™ืงืจื”
07:11
if an individual had 31 days nonstop Fox News?
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ืื ืœืื“ื ื™ื”ื™ื• 31 ื™ืžื™ื ืจืฆื•ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืคื•ืงืก?
07:15
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:17
Would there be time to be able to work with it?
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ื”ืื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขื ื–ื”?
07:19
So you start really understanding
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ืื– ืืชื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืžืžืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ
07:22
that you can have diseases, toxins, a need to balance your diet,
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ื ืžื—ืœื•ืช, ืจืขืœื™ื, ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืื–ืŸ ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืื˜ื”,
07:29
and once you start looking, and from that point on,
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ื•ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืืชื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ, ื•ืžืื•ืชื” ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ืœืื”,
07:32
everything I have done in terms of the consumption of information,
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ืžื™ื“ืข,
07:35
the production of information, the preparation of information,
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ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื“ืข, ื”ื›ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ื“ืข,
07:39
I've looked at from the viewpoint of food.
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ื”ื‘ื˜ืชื™ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืจืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœ.
07:42
It has probably not helped my waistline any
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ื–ื” ื›ื ืจืื” ืœื ืขื–ืจ ืœืงื• ื”ืžื•ืชื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™
07:45
because I like practicing on both sides.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื”ืชืืžืŸ ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.
07:47
But I'd like to leave you with just that question:
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืชื›ื ืจืง ืขื ื”ืฉืืœื”:
07:51
If you began to think of all the information that you consume
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ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืืชื ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ื
07:54
the way you think of food,
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ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืื•ื›ืœ,
07:55
what would you do differently?
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ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจืช?
07:57
Thank you very much for your time.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื ืขืœ ื–ืžื ื›ื.
07:59
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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