JP Rangaswami: Information is food

69,566 views ใƒป 2012-05-08

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Translator: Timothy Covell Reviewer: Morton Bast
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: eunkyung Oh ๊ฒ€ํ† : Hyemin Jeon
00:15
I love my food.
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋จน๋Š” ์Œ์‹๋“ค์„ ์ •๋ง ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
And I love information.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜์ฃ .
00:20
My children usually tell me
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์ œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
that one of those passions is a little more apparent than the other.
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๊ทธ ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ํ•œ์ชฝ์— ์•„์ฃผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์—ด์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๊ธด ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ ์š”.
00:27
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:29
But what I want to do in the next eight minutes or so
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์•ฝ 8๋ถ„๊ฐ„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์€
00:31
is to take you through how those passions developed,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€์— ์—ด์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
00:33
the point in my life when the two passions merged,
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์–ธ์ œ ๊ทธ ๋‘ ์—ด์ •์ด ์ œ ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์„œ๋กœ ์กฐํ™”๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€,
00:37
the journey of learning that took place from that point.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ๋ฐฐ์›€์˜ ์—ฌ์ •์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
And one idea I want to leave you with today
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ๋“œ๋ฆด ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€
00:44
is what would would happen differently in your life
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ถ์— ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
00:47
if you saw information the way you saw food?
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์Œ์‹์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
00:52
I was born in Calcutta --
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์ €๋Š” ์บ˜์ปค๋‹ค์—์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค --
00:54
a family where my father and his father before him
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์ €์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€ ๋Œ€๋Œ€๋กœ
00:58
were journalists,
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์–ธ๋ก ์ธ์ด์…จ๋˜ ์ง‘์•ˆ์ด์ฃ .
00:59
and they wrote magazines in the English language.
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ์žก์ง€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
That was the family business.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์—…์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
And as a result of that,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ •์—์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ
01:06
I grew up with books everywhere around the house.
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์ €๋Š” ์˜จ ์ง‘ ์•ˆ์— ์ฑ…์ด ๊ฐ€๋“ ๋“ค์–ด์ฐฌ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์ž๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
And I mean books everywhere around the house.
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์ง‘์•ˆ ๊ตฌ์„๊ตฌ์„ ์–ด๋””์—๋‚˜ ์ฑ…์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •๋„์˜€์ฃ .
01:13
And that's actually a shop in Calcutta,
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์ € ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์บ˜์ปคํƒ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์„œ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ,
01:15
but it's a place where we like our books.
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์–ด์ฐŒ๋๋“  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์„œ์ ์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ๊ณคํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
01:19
In fact, I've got 38,000 of them now
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋„ ์ €๋Š” 38,000๊ถŒ์˜ ์ฑ…์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
and no Kindle in sight.
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ํ‚จ๋“ค(์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์„œ์  '์•„๋งˆ์กด'์ด ์ถœ์‹œํ•œ ์ „์ž์ฑ… ๋ฆฌ๋”)๋กœ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ง๊ณ ์š”.
01:25
But growing up as a child with the books around everywhere,
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์–ด๋ฆด ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ์˜จ ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ์ด ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์Œ“์ธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ
01:30
with people to talk to about those books,
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๋˜ ๊ทธ ์ฑ…๋“ค์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๊ณ์—์„œ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋ณด๋‹ˆ
01:32
this wasn't a sort of slightly learned thing.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ ๊ทธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
01:36
By the time I was 18, I had a deep passion for books.
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18์„ธ ์ฏค์ด ๋˜์ž ์ €๋Š” ์ฑ…์— ๊นŠ์€ ์—ด์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
It wasn't the only passion I had.
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์ฑ…์ด ์ œ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์—ด์ •์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
01:42
I was a South Indian
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์ €๋Š” ์ธ๋„ ๋‚จ๋ถ€์— ์žˆ๋Š”
01:44
brought up in Bengal.
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๋ฒต๊ฐˆ์—์„œ ์ž๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
And two of the things about Bengal:
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฒต๊ฐˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”:
01:48
they like their savory dishes
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๋ฒต๊ฐˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์•„์ฃผ ํ’๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋Š”, ๋ง›์ข‹์€ ์Œ์‹์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ณ ,
01:51
and they like their sweets.
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๊ฐ„์‹๋ฅ˜๋„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง€์š”.
01:53
So by the time I grew up,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ž๋ผ๋ฉด์„œ
01:54
again, I had a well-established passion for food.
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ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋” ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ด์•ผ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”, ์Œ์‹์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํ™•๊ณ ๋ถ€๋™ํ•œ ์—ด์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
Now I was growing up in the late '60s and early '70s,
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1960๋…„๋Œ€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜๊ณผ 70๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์น˜๋ฉฐ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
02:01
and there were a number of other passions I was also interested in,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํฅ๋ฏธ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์—ด์ •์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
02:05
but these two were the ones that differentiated me.
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์Œ์‹๊ณผ ์ •๋ณด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ด์ •์€ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ค€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:08
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:09
And then life was fine, dandy.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋‚˜์„œ ์ธ์ƒ์€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•˜๊ณ ,
02:12
Everything was okay,
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž˜ ํ’€๋ ธ์–ด์š”.
02:14
until I got to about the age of 26,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ 26์„ธ ์ฏค ๋  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š”์š”.
02:18
and I went to a movie called "Short Circuit."
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'์ˆ ์„œํ‚ท'(Short Circuit, ํ•œ๊ตญํŒ ์ œ๋ชฉ์€ '์กฐ๋‹ˆ5 ํŒŒ๊ดด์ž‘์ „')์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:21
Oh, some of you have seen it.
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์˜ค, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค ์ค‘์—๋„ ๊ทธ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹  ๋ถ„๋“ค ๊ณ„์‹ ๊ฐ€๋ณด๋„ค์š”.
02:23
And apparently it's being remade right now
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์š”์ฆ˜ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฆฌ๋ฉ”์ดํฌ ์˜ํ™”๋กœ ์ œ์ž‘๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
02:27
and it's going to be coming out next year.
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๋‚ด๋…„์— ๊ฐœ๋ด‰๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
02:29
It's the story of this experimental robot
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์ด ์˜ํ™”๋Š” ๊ฐ์ „์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์–ป๊ฒŒ๋œ
02:32
which got electrocuted and found a life.
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ํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์šฉ ๋กœ๋ด‡์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
And as it ran, this thing was saying, "Give me input. Give me input."
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์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉด ๋กœ๋ด‡์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ฐ์ดํƒ€๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๋ฐ์ดํƒ€๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”."
02:39
And I suddenly realized that for a robot
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๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ์ €๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋“, ๋กœ๋ด‡์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”
02:42
both information as well as food
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์ •๋ณด๋ž€ ์Œ์‹๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ผ์„œ
02:45
were the same thing.
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๊ทธ ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
Energy came to it in some form or shape,
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(์Œ์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ป์€) ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ํ˜•ํƒœ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์œผ๋กœ ๋กœ๋ด‡์—๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ ,
02:50
data came to it in some form or shape.
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๋ฐ์ดํƒ€๋„ ์–ด๋–ค ํ˜•ํƒœ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์œผ๋กœ ๋กœ๋ด‡์—๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ•ด์ง€๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
02:52
And I began to think,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:55
I wonder what it would be like
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ํ˜ผ์ž ์ด๋Ÿฐ์‹์œผ๋กœ
02:56
to start imagining myself
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์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ
02:59
as if energy and information were the two things I had as input --
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€์™€ ์ •๋ณด, ์ด ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์™ธ๋ถ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–ป๋Š” ํˆฌ์ž…๋Ÿ‰์ด๊ณ 
03:03
as if food and information were similar in some form or shape.
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์Œ์‹๊ณผ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ํ˜•ํƒœ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ์–‘๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋‹ฎ์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด?
03:07
I started doing some research then, and this was the 25-year journey,
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๊ทธ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด 25๋…„ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ฌ์ •์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
and started finding out
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
03:12
that actually human beings as primates
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์˜์žฅ๋ฅ˜๋กœ์„œ๋Š”
03:16
have far smaller stomachs
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์‹ ์ฒด ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์•ˆํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š” ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค
03:18
than should be the size for our body weight
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ž‘์€ ์œ„์žฅ๊ณผ
03:22
and far larger brains.
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ํฐ ๋‘๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
And as I went to research that even further,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋” ๊นŠ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ
03:28
I got to a point where I discovered something
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฐ€์„ค์— ์ด๋ฅด๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
called the expensive tissue hypothesis.
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๋น„์‹ผ ์กฐ์ง ๊ฐ€์„ค (์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ ์†Œ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์›”๋“ฑํ•œ ์‹ ์ฒด์กฐ์ง์ด ์กด์žฌํ•จ) ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
03:35
That actually for a given body mass of a primate
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์˜์žฅ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ผ์ •๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์‹ ์ฒดํฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์–ด
03:39
the metabolic rate was static.
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๋Œ€์‚ฌ์œจ์€ ๊ณ ์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
What changed was the balance of the tissues available.
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์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ํ™œ๋™ ์ค‘์ธ ์‹ ์ฒด์กฐ์ง ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ท ํ˜•์—์„œ ์˜ค์ฃ .
03:45
And two of the most expensive tissues in our human body
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์ธ์ฒด์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ ์†Œ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์กฐ์ง ์ค‘ ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€
03:49
are nervous tissue and digestive tissue.
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์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ธํฌ์กฐ์ง๊ณผ ์†Œํ™”๊ธฐ ์„ธํฌ์กฐ์ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
And what transpired was that people had put forward a hypothesis
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ์„ธ์› ๊ณ 
03:57
that was apparently coming up with some fabulous results by about 1995.
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1995๋…„ ๊ฒฝ์—๋Š” ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
It's a lady named Leslie Aiello.
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'๋ ˆ์Šฌ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด์—˜๋กœ(Leslie Aiello)'๋Š”
04:04
And the paper then suggested that you traded one for the other.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ธํฌ์กฐ์ง๊ณผ ์†Œํ™”๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ์กฐ์ง์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๊ตํ™˜ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
If you wanted your brain for a particular body mass to be large,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํŠน์ • ์ฒด์ค‘์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:13
you had to live with a smaller gut.
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์ž‘์€ ์œ„์žฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
04:16
That then set me off completely
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์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ €๋Š” ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ
04:19
to say, Okay, these two are connected.
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'๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๋‡Œ์™€ ์œ„์žฅ์€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด.'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:22
So I looked at the cultivation of information as if it were food
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ณด์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ, ๋งˆ์น˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์Œ์‹์ธ ๋“ฏ ๋ณด์•˜๊ณ 
04:26
and said, So we were hunter-gathers of information.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋ ต ๋ฐ ์ฑ„์ง‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
We moved from that to becoming farmers and cultivators of information.
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์ˆ˜๋ ต ๋ฐ ์ฑ„์ง‘์ž์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์„œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋†์žฅ์ฃผ์™€ ๊ฒฝ์ž‘์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
04:33
Does that really explain what we're seeing
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:35
with the intellectual property battles nowadays?
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ์ง€์ ์žฌ์‚ฐ๊ถŒ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์„ ์ž˜ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ์š”?
04:37
Because those people who were hunter-gatherers in origin
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์›๋ž˜ ์ˆ˜๋ ต ๋ฐ ์ฑ„์ง‘์ž์˜€๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
04:41
wanted to be free and roam and pick up information as they wanted,
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์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ณจ๋ผ์ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
04:44
and those that were in the business of farming information
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์ •๋ณด ์ƒ์‚ฐ์— ์ข…์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
04:47
wanted to build fences around it,
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์ •๋ณด ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์ฒ ์กฐ๋ง์„ ์น˜๊ณ ,
04:49
create ownership and wealth and structure and settlement.
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์†Œ์œ ๊ถŒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด์–ด ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์Œ“๊ณ , ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ •์ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:53
So there was always going to be a tension within that.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์—์š”.
04:56
And everything I saw in the cultivation
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์ž‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉด
04:58
said there were huge fights amongst the foodies
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์Œ์‹ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋„ ์—ญ์‹œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ
05:01
between the cultivators and the hunter-gatherers.
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์ƒ์‚ฐ์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋ ต ๋ฐ ์ฑ„์ง‘์ž ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ํฐ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:03
And this is happening here.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์—๋„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
05:05
When I moved to preparation, this same thing was true,
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์ƒ์‚ฐ์˜ ์ค€๋น„ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋”๋ผ๋„, ์ด์™€ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
expect that there were two schools.
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๋‹ค๋งŒ ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฌํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„๋ฟ์ธ๋ฐ,
05:10
One group of people said you can distill your information,
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ํ•œ ์ชฝ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋“ฌ์–ด์„œ
05:13
you can extract value, separate it and serve it up,
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๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ถœํ•ด๋‚ด๊ณ  ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด,
05:17
while another group turned around
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋Œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š”
05:19
and said no, no you can ferment it.
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์•„๋‹ˆ, ์•„๋‹ˆ, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€. ์ˆ™์„ฑ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด.
05:20
You bring it all together and mash it up
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ•œ ๊ตฐ๋ฐ์— ๋ชจ์•„์„œ ์œผ๊นจ๊ณ  ์„ž์œผ๋ฉด
05:23
and the value emerges that way.
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๊ทธ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:25
The same is again true with information.
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์ •๋ณด์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋“ค์–ด๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
But consumption was where it started getting really enjoyable.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์†Œ๋น„๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์ง€๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
Because what I began to see then
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€
05:34
was there were so many different ways people would consume this.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์†Œ๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ์— ์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
They'd buy it from the shop as raw ingredients.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ์—์„œ ์›์žฌ๋ฃŒ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ ,
05:40
Do you cook it? Do you have it served to you?
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์š”๋ฆฌํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ ‘๋ฐ›์œผ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
05:42
Do you go to a restaurant?
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๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘์— ๊ฐ€์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
05:44
The same is true every time as I started thinking about information.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
The analogies were getting crazy --
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋น„์œ ๋Š” ์ ์  ๊ด‘์ ์ธ ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด๊ฐ”์ฃ  --
05:50
that information had sell-by dates,
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์ •๋ณด์—๋Š” ์œ ํ†ต๊ธฐํ•œ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
05:53
that people had misused information that wasn't dated properly
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‚ ์งœ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์˜ค์šฉํ•ด์™”๊ณ ,
05:57
and could really make an effect on the stock market,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ฃผ์‹์‹œ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜
05:59
on corporate values, etc.
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๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:01
And by this time I was hooked.
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์ด์ฏค๋˜๋‹ˆ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์ •๋ง ๋น ์ ธ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
And this is about 23 years into this process.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๋น ์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ 23๋…„์ด๋„ค์š”.
06:07
And I began to start thinking of myself
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๋˜ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
06:09
as we start having mash-ups of fact and fiction,
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๋‹คํ-๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งˆํ๋ฉ˜ํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ(์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋ณด๋„ ์†์— ํ—ˆ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฏธํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ก๋ฌผ),
06:12
docu-dramas, mockumentaries, whatever you call it.
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ํ˜น์€ ๋ญ๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด์‹œ๋˜์ง€ ๊ฐ„์—, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ณผ ํ—ˆ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋’ค์„ž์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
Are we going to reach the stage
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์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋งŒํผ์˜ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ
06:17
where information has a percentage for fact associated with it?
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์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋œ๊ฑด์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
06:22
We start labeling information for the fact percentage?
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„์œจ(%)์„ ํ‘œ๊ธฐํ•œ ๋ผ๋ฒจ์„ ๋ถ™์ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฑด ์•„๋‹๊นŒ์š”?
06:25
Are we going to start looking at what happens
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ณด ๊ณต๊ธ‰์ด ์ฐจ๋‹จ๋˜๋ฉด
06:28
when your information source is turned off, as a famine?
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๋งˆ์น˜ ๊ธฐ๊ทผ์ด๋ผ๋„ ๋‚œ ๋“ฏ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฑด ์•„๋‹๊นŒ์š”?
06:32
Which brings me to the final element of this.
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์ด๋Š” ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ตœ์ข…์ ์ธ ์š”์†Œ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
Clay Shirky once stated that there is no such animal as information overload,
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ํด๋ ˆ์ด ์…”ํ‚ค(Clay Shirky)๋Š” ์ •๋ณด์˜ ๊ณผ๋ถ€ํ•˜์ƒํƒœ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ,
06:37
there is only filter failure.
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์˜ค๋กœ์ง€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ์˜ ์‹คํŒจ๋งŒ ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
I put it to you that information,
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€,
06:43
if viewed from the point of food,
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์Œ์‹์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
06:45
is never a production issue; you never speak of food overload.
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์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ด ๋…ผ์ ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค; ์‹๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋‚จ์•„๋ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์ œ์‚ผ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ฃ .
06:49
Fundamentally it's a consumption issue.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Š” ์†Œ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋…ผ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
And we have to start thinking
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์Šค์Šค๋กœ (์ •๋ณด์˜) ์‹๋‹จ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์งค ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€,
06:54
about how we create diets within ourselves, exercise within ourselves,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์šด๋™ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
to have the faculties to be able to deal with information,
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์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
to have the labeling to be able to do it responsibly.
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์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ผ๋ฒจ์ด ๋ถ™์—ฌ์ ธ์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ ์š”.
07:05
In fact, when I saw "Supersize Me," I starting thinking of saying,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, "Supersize Me"(ํŒจ์ŠคํŠธํ‘ธ๋“œ ๊ณผ์ž‰ ์†Œ๋น„์— ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋‹คํ๋ฉ˜ํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ)"๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜์„ ๋•Œ,
07:09
What would happen
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
07:11
if an individual had 31 days nonstop Fox News?
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ Fox News(๋ณด์ˆ˜์„ฑํ–ฅ์„ ๋„๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‰ด์Šค์ฑ„๋„)๋ฅผ 31์ผ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ์‰ฌ์ง€์•Š๊ณ  ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
07:15
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:17
Would there be time to be able to work with it?
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์†Œํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์  ์—ฌ์œ ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ์—ฐ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
07:19
So you start really understanding
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด (์ •๋ณด์˜) ์งˆ๋ณ‘์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„, ๋…์†Œ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
07:22
that you can have diseases, toxins, a need to balance your diet,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์‹์ƒํ™œ์˜ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์žก์•„์•ผ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
and once you start looking, and from that point on,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณ„์† ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
everything I have done in terms of the consumption of information,
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์ •๋ณด์˜ ์†Œ๋น„
07:35
the production of information, the preparation of information,
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์ •๋ณด์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ, ์ •๋ณด์˜ ์ค€๋น„์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
07:39
I've looked at from the viewpoint of food.
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์ €๋Š” ์Œ์‹์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
It has probably not helped my waistline any
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์•„๋งˆ ์ œ ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ์„ ์—๋Š” ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
07:45
because I like practicing on both sides.
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ์–‘์ชฝ ๋ถ„์•ผ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ํ™œ์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
07:47
But I'd like to leave you with just that question:
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
07:51
If you began to think of all the information that you consume
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ •๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
07:54
the way you think of food,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์Œ์‹์„ ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
07:55
what would you do differently?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
07:57
Thank you very much for your time.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด์–ด ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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