A summer school kids actually want to attend | Karim Abouelnaga

Translator: Yustina Rostyaningtyas Reviewer: Ade Indarta

Getting a college education

Memperoleh pendidikan di perguruan tinggi

is a 20-year investment.

adalah sebuah investasi bernilai 20 tahun.

When you're growing up poor,

Jika Anda tumbuh miskin,

you're not accustomed to thinking that far ahead.

Anda tak terbiasa untuk berpikir sejauh itu.

Instead, you're thinking about where you're going to get your next meal

Malahan, Anda berpikir tentang di mana Anda dapat mengisi perut nanti

and how your family is going to pay rent that month.

dan bagaimana keluarga Anda membayar sewa rumah bulan itu.

Besides, my parents and my friends' parents

Lagi pula, orang tua saya dan orang tua teman-teman saya

seemed to be doing just fine driving taxis and working as janitors.

tampak baik-baik saja bekerja sebagai supir taksi dan pembersih gedung.

It wasn't until I was a teenager

Barulah saat remaja,

when I realized I didn't want to do those things.

saya sadar saya tak mau melakukan hal-hal itu.

By then, I was two-thirds of the way through my education,

Saat itu, saya sudah menyelesaikan dua pertiga pendidikan yang saya jalani,

and it was almost too late to turn things around.

dan sudah hampir telat untuk mengubah segalanya.

When you grow up poor, you want to be rich.

Jika Anda tumbuh miskin, Anda ingin menjadi kaya.

I was no different.

Saya pun demikian.

I'm the second-oldest of seven,

Saya anak kedua dari 7 bersaudara,

and was raised by a single mother on government aid

dibesarkan seorang janda dengan bantuan pemerintah

in Queens, New York.

di Queens, New York.

By virtue of growing up low-income,

Karena tumbuh dalam kemiskinan,

my siblings and I went to some of New York City's

saya dan saudara saya bersekolah di New York City

most struggling public schools.

yang berkualitas paling rendah.

I had over 60 absences when I was in seventh grade,

Saya absen lebih dari 60 kali sewaktu di kelas tujuh,

because I didn't feel like going to class.

karena saya tak suka datang ke kelas.

My high school had a 55 percent graduation rate,

Persentase kelulusan SMA saya hanyalah 55 persen,

and even worse,

dan lebih parahnya,

only 20 percent of the kids graduating

hanya 20 persen dari yang lulus itu

were college-ready.

yang siap berkuliah.

When I actually did make it to college,

Ketika saya akhirnya berkuliah,

I told my friend Brennan

saya memberi tahu Brennan

how our teachers would always ask us to raise our hands

bahwa guru kami selalu meminta kami mengangkat tangan

if we were going to college.

jika kami akan lanjut berkuliah.

I was taken aback when Brennan said,

Saya kaget saat Brennan bilang,

"Karim, I've never been asked that question before."

"Karim, saya tak pernah ditanya seperti itu sebelumnya."

It was always, "What college are you going to?"

Biasanya selalu, "Mau kuliah di perguruan tinggi apa?"

Just the way that question is phrased

Pertanyaan itu diutarakan sedemikian rupa

made it unacceptable for him not to have gone to college.

sehingga dia merasa tak berkuliah adalah hal yang mustahil.

Nowadays I get asked a different question.

Kini saya mendapat pertanyaan lain.

"How were you able to make it out?"

"Bagaimana Anda bisa berkuliah?"

For years I said I was lucky,

Bertahun-tahun saya bilang saya beruntung,

but it's not just luck.

namun bukan itu saja.

When my older brother and I graduated from high school

Ketika saya dan kakak saya lulus SMA

at the very same time

secara bersamaan

and he later dropped out of a two-year college,

dan kuliah dua tahunnya tidak dia lanjutkan,

I wanted to understand why he dropped out

Saya ingin mengerti alasannya berhenti

and I kept studying.

dan saya terus belajar.

It wasn't until I got to Cornell as a Presidential Research Scholar

Tidak sampai saya tiba di Cornell sebagai Presidential Reseach Scholar

that I started to learn about the very real educational consequences

barulah saya mulai mengerti dampak sebenarnya pendidikan anak

of being raised by a single mother on government aid

yang dibesarkan seorang janda dengan bantuan pemerintah

and attending the schools that I did.

dan pergi ke sekolah di tempat saya.

That's when my older brother's trajectory began to make complete sense to me.

Saat itulah saya mulai memahami mengapa kakak saya berhenti berkuliah.

I also learned that our most admirable education reformers,

Saya juga tahu bahwa tokoh pendidikan terhormat,

people like Arne Duncan, the former US Secretary of Education,

seperti Arne Duncan, mantan Menteri Pendidikan AS,

or Wendy Kopp, the founder of Teach For America,

atau Wendy Kopp, pendiri Teach For America,

had never attended an inner city public school like I had.

tidak pernah bersekolah di sekolah bertaraf rendah.

So much of our education reform is driven by a sympathetic approach,

Reformasi pendidikan kita banyak didorong oleh pendekatan simpatik,

where people are saying,

di mana publik berkata,

"Let's go and help these poor inner city kids,

"Ayo bantu anak-anak kurang mampu ini,

or these poor black and Latino kids,"

anak berkulit hitam dan Latin yang miskin,"

instead of an empathetic approach,

alih-alih pendekatan empatik,

where someone like me, who had grown up in this environment, could say,

di mana orang seperti saya, yang tumbuh di lingkungan ini, bisa berkata,

"I know the adversities that you're facing

"Saya tahu kesulitan yang kalian alami

and I want to help you overcome them."

dan saya ingin membantu mengatasinya."

Today when I get questions about how I made it out,

Kini jika saya ditanya bagaimana saya bisa berhasil,

I share that one of the biggest reasons

saya bilang salah satu alasan terbesarnya

is that I wasn't ashamed to ask for help.

adalah bahwa saya tak malu meminta bantuan.

In a typical middle class or affluent household,

Pada umumnya, dalam keluarga kelas atas atau menengah,

if a kid is struggling,

jika seorang anak mengalami masalah,

there's a good chance that a parent or a teacher will come to their rescue

kemungkinan besar orang tua atau seorang guru akan membantu mereka

even if they don't ask for help.

bahkan jika mereka tak memintanya.

However, if that same kid is growing up poor

Namun, jika anak yang sama tumbuh miskin

and doesn't ask for help,

dan tak meminta bantuan,

there's a good chance that no one will help them.

kemungkinan besar tak ada yang menolong mereka.

There are virtually no social safety nets available.

Sama sekali tak ada bantuan sosial yang tersedia.

So seven years ago,

Jadi tujuh tahun yang lalu,

I started to reform our public education system

Saya mulai merombak sistem pendidikan publik kita,

shaped by my firsthand perspective.

terbentuk melalui sudut pandang saya.

And I started with summer school.

Dimulai dari sekolah musim panas.

Research tells us that two-thirds of the achievement gap,

Penelitian menyatakan bahwa dua pertiga dari kesenjangan prestasi,

which is the disparity in educational attainment

tentang kesenjangan dalam pencapaian pendidikan

between rich kids and poor kids

antara anak keluarga kaya dan miskin

or black kids and white kids,

atau anak berkulit hitam dan putih

could be directly attributed to the summer learning loss.

mungkin berasal dari hilangnya pembelajaran musim panas.

In low-income neighborhoods, kids forget almost three months

Di lingkungan miskin, anak-anak lupa hampir tiga bulan

of what they learned during the school year

dari apa yang dipelajari di sekolah

over the summer.

selama musim panas.

They return to school in the fall,

Mereka kembali masuk di musim gugur

and their teachers spend another two months

dan guru mereka menghabiskan dua bulan

reteaching them old material.

mengajar ulang materi lama.

That's five months.

Itu lima bulan.

The school year in the United States is only 10 months.

Tahun ajaran di Amerika Serikat hanyalah 10 bulan.

If kids lose five months of learning every single year,

Jika anak-anak kehilangan 5 bulan belajar tiap tahunnya

that's half of their education.

itu setengah pendidikan mereka.

Half.

Setengah.

If kids were in school over the summer, then they couldn't regress,

Jika mereka bersekolah di musim panas, tak akan ada kemunduran,

but traditional summer school is poorly designed.

tapi sekolah musim panas, dirancang dengan buruk

For kids it feels like punishment,

Bagi anak-anak, itu serasa hukuman,

and for teachers it feels like babysitting.

dan bagi para guru, serasa mengasuh bayi.

But how can we expect principals to execute an effective summer program

Tapi bagaimana kita harap kepala sekolah menjalankan program musim panas yang baik

when the school year ends the last week of June

kalau tahun ajaran berakhir Juni minggu terakhir

and then summer school starts just one week later?

dan sekolah musim panas dimulai satu minggu kemudian?

There just isn't enough time to find the right people,

Waktunya tak cukup untuk menemukan orang yang tepat,

sort out the logistics,

mengurus logisitik,

and design an engaging curriculum that excites kids and teachers.

dan merancang kurikulum yang menarik bagi anak-anak dan guru.

But what if we created a program over the summer

Tapi bagaimana jika kita membuat program selama musim panas

that empowered teachers as teaching coaches

yang memberdayakan para guru sebagai pelatih pengajar

to develop aspiring educators?

untuk mengembangkan calon pendidik?

What if we empowered college-educated role models

Bagaimana jika kita memberdayakan para panutan bersarjana

as teaching fellows

sebagai teman pendidik

to help kids realize their college ambitions?

untuk membantu anak-anak mewujudkan ambisi berkuliah?

What if empowered high-achieving kids

Bayangkan, anak-anak berprestasi

as mentors to tutor their younger peers

sebagai mentor untuk mendidik teman mereka yang lebih muda

and inspire them to invest in their education?

dan menginspirasi agar memperhatikan pendidikan?

What if we empowered all kids as scholars,

Bagaimana jika anak-anak diberdayakan sebagai pelajar,

asked them what colleges they were going to,

tanyakan mau kuliah apa nanti,

designed a summer school they want to attend

rancang sekolah musim panas yang mau mereka ikuti

to completely eliminate the summer learning loss

untuk menghindari hilangnya pembelajaran musim panas

and close two-thirds of the achievement gap?

dan mendekatkan dua pertiga kesenjangan prestasi?

By this summer, my team will have served over 4,000 low-income children,

Sampai musim panas ini, tim saya akan melayani 4000 anak miskin,

trained over 300 aspiring teachers

melatih 300 calon guru

and created more than 1,000 seasonal jobs

dan menciptakan lebih dari 1000 pekerjaan musiman

across some of New York City's most disadvantaged neighborhoods.

di semua lingkungan miskin di New York.

(Applause)

(Tepuk tangan)

And our kids are succeeding.

Dan anak-anak kita terus berhasil.

Two years of independent evaluations

Dua tahun penilaian mandiri

tell us that our kids eliminate the summer learning loss

menunjukkan mereka tidak kehilangan pembelajaran musim panas

and make growth of one month in math

dan tumbuh sebulan dalam matematika

and two months in reading.

dan dua bulan dalam membaca.

So instead of returning to school in the fall three months behind,

Jadi alih-alih mundur tiga bulan di sekolah musim gugur,

they now go back four months ahead in math

mereka maju empat bulan di matematika

and five months ahead in reading.

dan maju lima bulan di membaca.

(Applause)

(Tepuk tangan)

Ten years ago, if you would have told me

Sepuluh tahun yang lalu, jika Anda bilang

that I'd graduate in the top 10 percent of my class from an Ivy League institution

bahwa saya adalah 10% lulusan terbaik dari institusi Ivy League

and have an opportunity to make a dent on our public education system

dan berkesempatan memperbaiki sistem edukasi publik kita

just by tackling two months of the calendar year,

dengan menangani 2 bulan dari kalender pendidikan

I would have said,

Saya akan berkata,

"Nah. No way."

"Tidak. Tak mungkin."

What's even more exciting

Yang lebih menarik lagi,

is that if we can prevent five months of lost time

jika kita bisa mencegah lima bulan yang hilang

just by redesigning two months,

hanya dengan merancang ulang dua bulan,

imagine the possibilities that we can unlock

bayangkan kemungkinan yang ada

by tackling the rest of the calendar year.

jika tahun ajaran yang tersisa juga diperbaiki.

Thank you.

Terima kasih.

(Applause)

(Tepuk tangan)