A summer school kids actually want to attend | Karim Abouelnaga

Prevoditelj: Viktorija Đuđik Recezent: Ivan Stamenković

Getting a college education

Dobiti fakultetsku diplomu

is a 20-year investment.

je 20-ogodišnje ulaganje.

When you're growing up poor,

Kad odrastate u siromaštvu

you're not accustomed to thinking that far ahead.

niste navikli razmišljati tako daleko u budućnost.

Instead, you're thinking about where you're going to get your next meal

Nego razmišljate o sljedećem obroku

and how your family is going to pay rent that month.

i kako će vaša obitelj platiti stanarinu taj mjesec.

Besides, my parents and my friends' parents

Osim toga, činilo se da je mojim roditeljima i roditeljima

seemed to be doing just fine driving taxis and working as janitors.

mojih prijatelja sasvim dobro kao vozačima taksija i podvornicima.

It wasn't until I was a teenager

Tek sam kao tinejdžer

when I realized I didn't want to do those things.

shvatio da ne želim raditi te poslove.

By then, I was two-thirds of the way through my education,

Do tada, bio sam na dvije trećine svog obrazovanja

and it was almost too late to turn things around.

i bilo je skoro prekasno da promijenim situaciju.

When you grow up poor, you want to be rich.

Kad odrastate siromašni, želite biti bogati.

I was no different.

Isto je sa mnom.

I'm the second-oldest of seven,

Rođen sam drugi od sedmero djece,

and was raised by a single mother on government aid

odgojila me je samohrana majka na državnoj pomoći

in Queens, New York.

u Queensu, u New Yorku.

By virtue of growing up low-income,

Zbog odrastanja u siromaštvu

my siblings and I went to some of New York City's

braća, sestre i ja išli smo u neke o njujorških

most struggling public schools.

najproblematičnijih javnih škola.

I had over 60 absences when I was in seventh grade,

Imao sam više od 60 izostanaka u sedmom razredu

because I didn't feel like going to class.

jer mi se nije išlo na nastavu.

My high school had a 55 percent graduation rate,

U mojoj srednjoj školi 55% učenika maturira

and even worse,

i još gore,

only 20 percent of the kids graduating

samo 20% djece koja su maturirala

were college-ready.

bilo je spremno za studij.

When I actually did make it to college,

Kad sam ja zaista dospio na studij

I told my friend Brennan

rekao sam prijatelju Brennanu

how our teachers would always ask us to raise our hands

da su nam učitelji govorili da dignu ruku

if we were going to college.

oni koji će ići na fakultet.

I was taken aback when Brennan said,

Zapanjilo me je kad je Brennan rekao,

"Karim, I've never been asked that question before."

"Karim, mene to nikad nisu pitali."

It was always, "What college are you going to?"

Uvijek su pitali: "Na koji ćeš fakultet ići?"

Just the way that question is phrased

Zbog načina kako je to pitanje postavljeno

made it unacceptable for him not to have gone to college.

bilo mu je neprihvatljivo da ne ide na fakultet.

Nowadays I get asked a different question.

Danas me pitaju drugo pitanje.

"How were you able to make it out?"

"Kako si se uspio probiti?"

For years I said I was lucky,

Godinama sam govorio da sam imao sreće,

but it's not just luck.

ali nije samo sreća.

When my older brother and I graduated from high school

Kad smo stariji brat i ja maturirali

at the very same time

u isto vrijeme

and he later dropped out of a two-year college,

i poslije je on prekinuo dvogodišnji studij,

I wanted to understand why he dropped out

htio sam razumjeti zašto je on odustao,

and I kept studying.

a ja sam nastavio učiti.

It wasn't until I got to Cornell as a Presidential Research Scholar

Tek kad sam upisao Cornell kao stipendist

that I started to learn about the very real educational consequences

počeo sam učiti o vrlo stvarnim obrazovnim posljedicama

of being raised by a single mother on government aid

odgoja samohrane majke na državnoj pomoći

and attending the schools that I did.

i pohađanja škola u koje sam ja išao.

That's when my older brother's trajectory began to make complete sense to me.

Tada sam u potpunosti shvatio put starijeg brata.

I also learned that our most admirable education reformers,

Također sam saznao da naši najizvrsniji reformatori obrazovanja,

people like Arne Duncan, the former US Secretary of Education,

ljudi kao Arne Duncan, bivši ministar obrazovanja SAD-a,

or Wendy Kopp, the founder of Teach For America,

ili Wendy Kopp, osnivačica programa Teach For America,

had never attended an inner city public school like I had.

nikad nisu pohađali siromašne škole u centru grada kao ja.

So much of our education reform is driven by a sympathetic approach,

Toliko obrazovnih reformi pokreće suosjećajni pristup

where people are saying,

u kojem ljudi govore:

"Let's go and help these poor inner city kids,

"Pomozimo ovoj djeci iz centra grada,

or these poor black and Latino kids,"

ili ovoj siromašnoj crnoj i Latino djeci",

instead of an empathetic approach,

umjesto empatičkog pristupa

where someone like me, who had grown up in this environment, could say,

kad bi netko poput mene, tko je odrastao u ovom okruženju, mogao reći:

"I know the adversities that you're facing

"Znam s kakvim se neprilikama susrećeš

and I want to help you overcome them."

i želim ti pomoći da ih prevladaš".

Today when I get questions about how I made it out,

Kad me danas pitaju kako sam uspio,

I share that one of the biggest reasons

kažem da je jedan od najvećih razloga

is that I wasn't ashamed to ask for help.

to što me nije bilo sram pitati za pomoć.

In a typical middle class or affluent household,

U tipičnom bogatom ili kućanstvu srednje klase,

if a kid is struggling,

ako dijete ima poteškoća,

there's a good chance that a parent or a teacher will come to their rescue

velike su šanse da će mu roditelj ili učitelj pomoći

even if they don't ask for help.

čak i ako ne pitaju za pomoć.

However, if that same kid is growing up poor

Međutim, ako to isto dijete odrasta siromašno

and doesn't ask for help,

i ne pita za pomoć,

there's a good chance that no one will help them.

velike su šanse da mu nitko neće pomoći.

There are virtually no social safety nets available.

Gotovo da nema dostupnih društvenih sigurnosnih mreža.

So seven years ago,

Stoga sam prije 7 godina

I started to reform our public education system

pokrenuo reformu našeg javnog obrazovnog sustava,

shaped by my firsthand perspective.

oblikovanu mojom perspektivom iz prve ruke.

And I started with summer school.

I počeo sam s ljetom školom.

Research tells us that two-thirds of the achievement gap,

Istraživanja kažu da bi se dvije trećine razmaka u postignuću,

which is the disparity in educational attainment

što je nejednakost u obrazovnom dostignuću

between rich kids and poor kids

bogate i siromašne djece

or black kids and white kids,

ili crne i bijele djece,

could be directly attributed to the summer learning loss.

moglo izravno povezati s ljetnim gubitkom naučenog.

In low-income neighborhoods, kids forget almost three months

U siromašnim četvrtima djeca zaborave gotovo tri mjeseca

of what they learned during the school year

gradiva naučenog tijekom školske godine

over the summer.

preko ljeta.

They return to school in the fall,

Na jesen se vrate u školu,

and their teachers spend another two months

a njihovi učitelji ih još dva mjeseca

reteaching them old material.

ponovno uče staro gradivo.

That's five months.

To je pet mjeseci.

The school year in the United States is only 10 months.

Školska godina u SAD-u je samo 10 mjeseci.

If kids lose five months of learning every single year,

Ako djeca gube pet mjeseci svake godine

that's half of their education.

to je pola njihovog obrazovanja.

Half.

Pola.

If kids were in school over the summer, then they couldn't regress,

Ako su djeca u školi preko ljeta, tada ne mogu nazadovati,

but traditional summer school is poorly designed.

ali tradicionalna škola je loše osmišljena.

For kids it feels like punishment,

Djeci se čini kao kazna,

and for teachers it feels like babysitting.

a učiteljima kao dadiljanje.

But how can we expect principals to execute an effective summer program

Ali kako možemo očekivati da ravnatelji provedu učinkovit ljetni program

when the school year ends the last week of June

kad školska godina završi zadnji tjedan u lipnju,

and then summer school starts just one week later?

a ljetna škola počne samo tjedan dana kasnije?

There just isn't enough time to find the right people,

Nema dovoljno vremena za pronalazak pravih ljudi,

sort out the logistics,

rješavanje detalja

and design an engaging curriculum that excites kids and teachers.

i osmišljavanje zanimljivog kurikuluma, uzbudljivog djeci i učiteljima.

But what if we created a program over the summer

Ali što ako stvorimo program preko ljeta

that empowered teachers as teaching coaches

koji bi osnažio učitelje kao trenere učenja

to develop aspiring educators?

da osposobe nadahnute edukatore?

What if we empowered college-educated role models

Što ako osnažimo fakultetski obrazovane uzore

as teaching fellows

kao kolege u poučavanju

to help kids realize their college ambitions?

da djeci pomognu spoznati volju za studiranjem?

What if empowered high-achieving kids

Što ako osnažimo djecu s visokim postignućima

as mentors to tutor their younger peers

kao mentore mlađim učenicima

and inspire them to invest in their education?

i nadahnemo ih da ulažu u svoje obrazovanje?

What if we empowered all kids as scholars,

Što ako osnažimo sve učenike kao stipendiste,

asked them what colleges they were going to,

pitamo ih na koje fakultete će ići,

designed a summer school they want to attend

osmislimo ljetnu školu u koju žele ići

to completely eliminate the summer learning loss

da posve uklonimo ljetni gubitak naučenog

and close two-thirds of the achievement gap?

i zavorimo dvije trećine razmaka u postignuću.

By this summer, my team will have served over 4,000 low-income children,

Do ovog ljeta, moj tim je radio s preko 4000 djece iz siromašnih obitelji,

trained over 300 aspiring teachers

trenirao više od 300 nadahnutih učitelja

and created more than 1,000 seasonal jobs

i stvorio više od 1000 sezonskih radnih mjesta

across some of New York City's most disadvantaged neighborhoods.

u nekima od njujurških najsiromašnijih četvrti.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

And our kids are succeeding.

I, naša djeca uspijevaju.

Two years of independent evaluations

Dvije godine nezavisnih procjena

tell us that our kids eliminate the summer learning loss

govore nam da naša djeca uklanjaju ljetni gubitak naučenog,

and make growth of one month in math

napreduju u matematici za mjesec dana,

and two months in reading.

a u čitanju za 2 mjeseca.

So instead of returning to school in the fall three months behind,

Zato umjesto da se vrate u školu u jesen tri mjeseca u zaostatku

they now go back four months ahead in math

sad se vrate četiri mjeseca unaprijed iz matematike

and five months ahead in reading.

i pet mjeseci unaprijed u čitanju.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

Ten years ago, if you would have told me

Da ste mi prije deset godina rekli

that I'd graduate in the top 10 percent of my class from an Ivy League institution

da ću diplomirati među najboljih 10% studenata na prestižnom fakultetu

and have an opportunity to make a dent on our public education system

i imati priliku ostaviti trag na našem javnom obrazovnom sustavu

just by tackling two months of the calendar year,

samo hvatajući se u koštac s dva mjecesa kalendarske godine,

I would have said,

odgovorio bih vam:

"Nah. No way."

"Nee. Nema šanse".

What's even more exciting

Još je uzbudljivije

is that if we can prevent five months of lost time

što ako možemo spriječiti pet mjeseci izgubljenog vremena

just by redesigning two months,

samo prepravljajući dva mjeseca,

imagine the possibilities that we can unlock

zamislite mogućnosti koje možemo otključati

by tackling the rest of the calendar year.

ako se pozabavimo ostatkom godine.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)