Anna Mracek Dietrich: A plane you can drive

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What is it about flying cars?

Što je s letećim automobilima?

We've wanted to do this for about a hundred years.

Željeli smo to napraviti stotinama godina.

And there are historic attempts

I postoje povijesni pokušaji

that have had some level of technical success.

koji su imali neki stupanj tehničkog uspjeha.

But we haven't yet gotten to the point

Ali još nismo došli do poante

where on your way here this morning

gdje na vašem putu ovdje jutros

you see something that really, truly seamlessly integrates

vidite nešto što zaista, stvarno, neprimjetno integrira

the two-dimensional world that we're comfortable in

dvodimenzionalni svijet u kojem nam je ugodno

with the three-dimensional sky above us --

s trodimenzionalnim nebom iznad nas --

that, I don't know about you, but I really enjoy spending time in.

u kojem, ne znam za vas, ali ja zaista volim provoditi vrijeme.

We looked at the historical attempts that had been out there

Pogledali smo među povijesne pokušaje koji postoje

and realized that, despite the fact

i shvatili da, unatoč činjenici

that we have a lot of modern innovations

da imamo mnogo modernih inovacija

to draw on today

koje danas možemo prikazati,

that weren't available previously --

a da prije nisu bile dostupne --

we have modern composite materials,

imamo moderne mješavine materijala,

we have aircraft engines that get good fuel economy

imamo zrakoplovne motore koji imaju ekonomičnu potrošnju goriva

and have better power-to-rate ratios than have ever been available,

i imaju bolje stope provizije no ikada prije,

we have glass cockpit avionics

imamo staklenu avioelektroniku u pilotskim kabinama

that bring the information you need to fly

koje nam daju informacije koje nam trebaju za let

directly to you in the cockpit --

direktno u pilotsku kabinu --

but without fundamentally addressing the problem from a different perspective,

ali bez osnovnog pristupa problemu iz drugačije perspektive,

we realized that we were going to be getting

shvatili smo da ćemo dobivati

the same result that people had been getting

isti rezultat koji ljudi dobivaju

for the last hundred years,

posljednjih sto godina,

which isn't where we want to be right now.

a to nije ono gdje želimo trenutno biti.

So instead of trying to make a car that can fly,

Dakle, umjesto da pokušavamo napraviti auto koji može letjeti,

we decided to try to make a plane that could drive.

odlučili smo napraviti zrakoplov koji možemo voziti.

And the result is the Terrafugia Transition.

I rezultat je Terrafugia Transition.

It's a two-seat, single-engine airplane

To je dvosjed, zrakoplov s jednim motorom

that works just like any other small airplane.

koji radi jednako kao i bilo koji drugi mali zrakoplov.

You take off and land at a local airport.

Polijećete i slijećete s lokalne zračne luke.

Then once you're on the ground,

Onda kada ste na zemlji,

you fold up the wings, drive it home,

pospremite krila, odvezete se kući

park it in your garage.

i parkirate u svojoj garaži.

And it works.

I to funkcionira.

After two years of an innovative design and construction process,

Nakon dvije godine inovativnog dizajna i izvedbi,

the proof of concept made its public debut

dokaz koncepta je debitirao u javnosti

in 2008.

2008. godine.

Now like with anything

Kao što je s bilo čime

that's really different from the status quo,

što je stvarno drugačije od statusa quo,

it didn't always go so well testing that aircraft.

testiranje te letjelice nije uvijek dobro prošlo.

And we discovered that it's a very good thing

I otkrili smo da je veoma dobra stvar

that, when you go home with something that's been broken,

to što kada odete kući s nečim što je slomljeno,

you've actually learned a lot more

zapravo ste naučili mnogo više

than when you managed to tick off all of your test objectives

nego kada ste po prvi puta pustili

the first time through.

sve testne objektive.

Still, we very much wanted to see

Ipak, još smo uvijek željeli vidjeti letjelicu,

the aircraft that we'd all helped build

koju smo svi pokušali napraviti,

in the air, off the ground,

u zraku podalje od tla,

like it was supposed to be.

kako bi i trebalo biti.

And on our third high-speed testing deployment

I na našem trećem brzinskom razvojnom testu

on a bitter cold morning in upstate New York,

jednog veoma hladnog jutra u New Yorku,

we got to do that for the first time.

uspjeli smo to učiniti prvi puta.

The picture behind me was snapped by the copilot in our chase aircraft

Sliku koju vidite iza mene fotografirao je kopilot u našem lovnom zrakoplovu

just moments after the wheels got off the ground for the first time.

samo nekoliko trenutaka nakon što su se kotači podigli s tla prvi puta.

And we were all very flattered to see that image

I bili smo veoma ponosni što možemo vidjeti sliku

become a symbol of accomplishing something

koja postaje simbol postizanja nečega

that people had thought was impossible

za što su ljudi širom svijeta

really the world over.

mislili da je nemoguće.

The flight testing that followed that

Testiranje leta koje je slijedilo

was as basic and low-risk as we could make it,

bilo je osnovno i s malim rizicima koje smo si mogli priuštiti,

but it still accomplished what we needed to

ali je ipak ispunilo ono što nam je trebalo

to take the program to the next step

kako bismo pomaknuli program na sljedeću razinu

and to gain the credibility that we needed

i dobili faktor povjerenja koji smo trebali

within our eventual market, the general aviation community,

unutar našeg potencijalnog tržišta, opće zrakoplovne jedinice,

and with the regulators

a s regulatorima

that govern the use of design of aircraft, particularly in the States.

koji vladaju upotrebom dizajna letjelice, naročito u SAD-u.

The FAA, about a year ago,

FAA nam je prije godinu dana

gave us an exemption for the Transition

dala izuzeće za Transition

to allow us to have an additional 110 lbs.

kako bi nam dopustila još dodatnih 50 kg

within the light sport aircraft category.

unutar lake sportske kategorije letjelica.

Now that doesn't sound like a lot, but it's very important,

To ne zvuči mnogo, ali je veoma važno

because being able to deliver the Transition as a light sport aircraft

zato što je mogućnost da Transition proglasimo lakom sportskom letjelicom

makes it simpler for us to certify it,

učinila lakšim to da je ovjerimo,

but it also makes it much easier

ali je i učinila mnogo lakšim

for you to learn how to fly it.

vama da naučite kako je voziti.

A sport pilot can be certificated

Sportski pilot možete postati

in as little as 20 hours of flight time.

sa samo 20 sati letenja.

And at 110 lbs.,

A s 50 kg,

that's very important for solving the other side of the equation --

to je veoma važno u rješavanju druge strane jednadžbe --

driving.

vožnje.

It turns out that driving,

Ispada da je vožnja,

with its associated design implementation and regulatory hurdles,

s udruženom provedbom dizajna i regulatornim preprekama

is actually a harder problem to solve than flying.

zapravo veći problem od letenja.

For those of us that spend most of our lives on the ground,

Za one koji provode veći dio života na tlu,

this may be counter-intuitive,

ovo bi moglo biti suprotno intuiciji,

but driving has potholes, cobblestones,

ali vožnja uključuje rupe, kamenje,

pedestrians, other drivers

pješake, druge vozače

and a rather long and detailed list

i relativno dugačak i detaljan popis

of federal motor vehicle safety standards to contend with.

državnih standarda za sigurnost prilikom upravljanja motornim vozilima s kojima se mora natjecati.

Fortunately, necessity remains the mother of invention,

Srećom, nužnost ostaje majka izuma

and a lot of the design work

i mnogo dizajnerskog rada

that we're the most proud of with the aircraft

kojim se najviše ponosimo u vezi letjelice,

came out of solving the unique problems

došlo je rješavajući posebne probleme

of operating it on the ground --

rada na tlu --

everything from a continuously-variable transmission

sve iz neprekidno varijabilnog prijenosa

and liquid-based cooling system

i tekućeg sistema za hlađenje

that allows us to use an aircraft engine

koji nam dopušta da upotrijebimo letjelicu

in stop-and-go traffic,

u kreni-stani prometu

to a custom-designed gearbox

do mjenjača napravljenog po narudžbi

that powers either the propeller when you're flying or the wheels on the ground,

koji pokreće ili propeler dok letite ili kotače na tlu,

to the automated wing-folding mechanism that we'll see in a moment,

do automatskog mehanizma za uvlačenje krila koji ćemo vidjeti za trenutak,

to crash safety features.

do dodataka za sigurnost prilikom sudara.

We have a carbon fiber safety cage

Imamo sigurnosnu kutiju od karbonskih vlakana

that protects the occupants

koja štiti putnike

for less than 10 percent of the weight of a traditional steel chassis in a car.

s manje od 10% težine za razliku od tradicionalne čelične šasije u autu.

Now this also, as good as it is, wasn't quite enough.

To također, iako je bilo dobro, nije bilo dovoljno dobro.

The regulations for vehicles on the road

Propisi za vozila na cesti

weren't written with an airplane in mind.

nisu pisani s razmišljanjem o zrakoplovu na cesti.

So we did need a little bit of support

Stoga nam je trebala mala potpora

from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

od Administracije sigurnosti prometa na autocesti.

Now you may have seen in the news recently,

Možda ste nedavno vidjeli na vijestima,

they came through with us at the end of last month

došli su do nas krajem prošlog mjeseca

with a few special exemptions

s nekoliko posebnih izuzetaka

that will allow the Transition to be sold

koji bi omogućili da se Transition proda

in the same category as SUVs and light trucks.

u istoj kategoriji kao i SUV ili manji kamioni.

As a multi-purpose passenger vehicle,

Kao višenamjensko vozilo,

it is now officially "designed for occasional off-road use."

sada je službeno „dizajnirano za povremenu upotrebu van ceste.“

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Now let's see it in action.

Sada pogledajmo to na djelu.

You can see there the wings folded up just along the side of the plane.

Možete vidjeti da su se krila uvukla na stranama zrakoplova.

You're not powering the propeller, you're powering the wheels.

Ne pokrećete propeler, pokrećete kotače.

And it is under seven feet tall,

I niži je od dva metra

so it will fit in a standard construction garage.

pa će stati u svaku standardnu garažu.

And that's the automated wing-folding mechanism.

I to je automatski mehanizam za uvlačenje krila.

That's real time.

To je stvarno.

You just push a few buttons in the cockpit, and the wings come out.

Samo pritisnete nekoliko dugmeta u pilotskoj kabini i krila se pojave.

Once they're fully deployed,

Jednom kad su potpuno postavljena,

there's a mechanical lock that goes into place,

postoji mehanička brava koja se stavlja na mjesto,

again, from inside the cockpit.

ponovno, unutar pilotske kabine.

And they're now fully capable of handling

I sada su potpuno spremna za rukovanje

any of the loads you would see in flight --

bilo kakvim opterećenjem što ćete vidjeti tijekom leta --

just like putting down your convertible top.

kao da spuštate krov svog kabrioleta.

And you're all thinking what your neighbors would think of seeing that.

I svi razmišljate što će susjedi misliti kad ovo vide.

(Video) Test Pilot: Until the vehicle flies,

(Video) Pokusni pilot: Dok vozilo leti,

75 percent of your risk is that first flight.

75% vašeg rizika je taj prvi let.

Radio: It actually flew. Yes.

Radio: Zaista je poletio. Da.

Radio 2: That was gorgeous.

Radio 2: To je bilo divno.

Radio: What did you think of that?

Radio: Što misliš o tome?

That was beautiful from up here, I tell you.

To je bilo prelijepo odavde, kažem ti.

AMD: See, we're all exceedingly excited about that little bunny hop.

AMD: Vidite, svi smo neizmjerno uzbuđeni zbog tog malog zečjeg skoka.

And our test pilot gave us

A naš pokusni pilot nam je dao

the best feedback you can get from a test pilot after a first flight,

najbolju povratnu informaciju koju možete dobiti od pokusnog pilota nakon prvog leta,

which was that it was "remarkably unremarkable."

a to je da je bio „nevjerojatno uobičajen.“

He would go onto tell us

Dalje nam je rekao

that the Transition had been the easiest airplane to land

da je Trasition bio najjednostavniji zrakoplov za slijetanje

that he'd flown in his entire 30-year career as a test pilot.

koji je vozio u svojoj cijeloj 30-ogodišnjoj karijeri kao pokusni pilot.

So despite making something

Dakle, unatoč tome što smo napravili nešto

that is seemingly revolutionary,

što je vidljivo revolucionarno,

we really focused on doing

doista smo se fokusirali na

as little new as possible.

nešto novo koliko smo mogli.

We leverage a lot of technology from the state-of-the-art in general aviation

Mnogo smo utjecali na tehnologiju što se umjetnosti tiče u općem zrakoplovstvu

and from automotive racing.

i automobilskom utrkivanju.

When we do have to do something truly out-of-the-box,

Kada moramo doista učiniti nešto da označimo stavku,

we use an incremental design, build, test, redesign cycle

koristimo inkrementalni dizajn, gradnju, testove, redizajniranje ciklusa

that lets us reduce risk in baby steps.

koji nam dopuštaju da smanjimo rizik u prvim koracima.

Now since we started Terrafugia about 6 years ago,

Otkad smo započeli s Terrafugiom prije 6 godina,

we've had a lot of those baby steps.

imali smo mnogo tih prvih koraka.

We've gone from being three of us

Prešli smo s toga da nas je troje

working in the basement at MIT while we were still in graduate school

radilo u podrumu MIT-a dok smo još bili na postdiplomskom studiju

to about two-dozen of us

do oko dva tuceta nas

working in an initial production facility outside of Boston.

koji radimo u početnom proizvodnom pogonu van Bostona.

We've had to overcome challenges

Morali smo prijeći izazove

like keeping the weight below the light sport limit that I talked about,

poput zadržavanja težine ispod lake sportske granice o kojoj sam pričala,

figuring out how to politely respond

shvaćanja kako uljudno odgovoriti

when a regulator tells you,

kada vam regulator kaže,

"But that won't fit through a toll booth with the wings extended --

„Ali to neće proći kroz naplatne kućice s raširenim krilima“ --

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

to all of the other associated durability and engineering issues

do svih drugih pridruženih pitanja u vezi izdržljivosti i tehnike

that we talked about on the ground.

o kojima smo razgovarali na tlu.

Still, if everything goes to our satisfaction

Ipak, ako je sve

with the testing and construction

s testiranjem i konstrukcijom

of the two production prototypes

dva proizvodna prototipa

that we're working on right now,

na kojima trenutno radimo zadovoljavajuće,

those first deliveries

te prve isporuke

to the, about a hundred, people who have reserved an airplane at this point

za nekih sto ljudi, ljudi koji su rezervirali zrakoplov,

should begin at the end of next year.

bi trebale krenuti krajem sljedeće godine.

The Transition will cost in line with other small airplanes.

Transition će koštati koliko i ostali mali zrakoplovi.

And I'm certainly not out to replace your Chevy,

I sigurno nisam ovdje kako bih zamijenila vaš Chevrolet,

but I do think that the Transition should be your next airplane.

ali smatram da bi Transition trebao biti vaš sljedeći zrakoplov.

Here's why.

Evo zašto.

While nearly all of the commercial air travel in the world

Dok gotovo sav komercijalni zračni promet u svijetu

goes through a relatively small number of large hub airports,

ide kroz relativno mali broj velikih središta zračnih luka,

there is a huge underutilized resource out there.

vani postoji veliki broj neiskorištenih resursa.

There are thousands of local airstrips

Postoje tisuće lokalnih pista za polijetanje i slijetanje

that don't see nearly as many aircraft operations a day as they could.

koje ne vide ni približno toliko letjelica dnevno koliko bi trebale.

On average, there's one within 20 to 30 miles

U prosjeku, postoji jedna unutar 30 – 40 kilometara

of wherever you are in the United States.

gdje god se nalazili u SAD-u.

The Transition gives you

Transition vam daje

a safer, more convenient and more fun way

sigurniji, prikladniji i mnogo zabavniji način

of using this resource.

na koji možete koristiti ove resurse.

For those of you who aren't yet pilots,

Za vas koji još niste piloti,

there's four main reasons why those of us who are

postoje četiri glavna razloga zašto neki od vas ovdje

don't fly as much as we'd like to:

ne lete onoliko koliko bi htjeli:

the weather, primarily,

vrijeme, primarno,

cost, long door-to-door travel time

cijena, dugo vrijeme putovanja od odredišta do odredišta

and mobility at your destination.

i mobilnost na vašoj destinaciji.

Now, bad weather comes in,

Sada, ako dolazi loše vrijeme,

just land, fold up the wings, drive home.

samo sletite, uvucite krila i vozite kući.

Doesn't matter if it rains a little, you have a windshield wiper.

Nije bitno pada li malo kiša, imate brisač za prednje staklo.

Instead of paying to keep your airplane in a hanger,

Umjesto da platite da vam netko drži zrakoplov u hangaru,

park it in your garage.

parkirajte ga u svojoj garaži.

And the unleaded automotive fuel that we use

I bezolovno automobilsko gorivo koje koristimo je

is both cheaper and better for the environment

i jeftinije i bolje za okoliš

than traditional avgas.

od klasičnog avionskog benzina.

Door-to-door travel time is reduced,

Putovanje od odredišta do odredišta se smanjilo

because now, instead of lugging bags, finding a parking space,

jer sada umjesto prtljage, pronalaženja parkirnog mjesta,

taking off your shoes or pulling your airplane out of the hanger,

skidanja cipela ili izvlačenja zrakoplova iz hangara,

you're now just spending that time getting to where you want to go.

sada samo trošite vrijeme da dođete kuda želite.

And mobility to your destination is clearly solved.

I mobilnost na vašoj destinaciji je očigledno riješena.

Just fold up the wings and keep going.

Samo uvucite krila i nastavite dalje.

The Transition simultaneously expands our horizons

Transition simultano širi naše vidike

while making the world a smaller, more accessible place.

dok svijet pokušavamo napraviti manjim i dostupnijim mjestom.

It also continues to be a fabulous adventure.

Također nastavlja biti fantastična avantura.

I hope you'll each take a moment

Nadam se da će svatko od vas na trenutak

to think about how you could use something like this

pomisliti o tome kako bi mogao upotrijebiti nešto poput ovog

to give yourself more access to your own world,

kako bi sebi dao bolji pristup u vlastitom svijetu

and to make your own travel more convenient and more fun.

i kako bi svoja putovanja učinili prikladnijim i zabavnijim.

Thank you for giving me the opportunity to share it with you.

Hvala vam što ste mi dali priliku da to podijelim s vama.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)